NO783018L - Fluidised bed incinerator. - Google Patents

Fluidised bed incinerator.

Info

Publication number
NO783018L
NO783018L NO783018A NO783018A NO783018L NO 783018 L NO783018 L NO 783018L NO 783018 A NO783018 A NO 783018A NO 783018 A NO783018 A NO 783018A NO 783018 L NO783018 L NO 783018L
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
fluidized bed
supply device
fuel
medium
Prior art date
Application number
NO783018A
Other languages
Norwegian (no)
Inventor
Nils Ivar Viken
Original Assignee
Hamjern As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hamjern As filed Critical Hamjern As
Priority to NO783018A priority Critical patent/NO783018L/en
Priority to SE7907226A priority patent/SE7907226L/en
Priority to SE7907227A priority patent/SE435545B/en
Priority to GB7930321A priority patent/GB2030275B/en
Priority to DE19792935542 priority patent/DE2935542A1/en
Priority to FR7921999A priority patent/FR2434999A1/en
Priority to DE19792935520 priority patent/DE2935520A1/en
Publication of NO783018L publication Critical patent/NO783018L/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/1809—Controlling processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/24—Devices for removal of material from the bed
    • F23C10/26—Devices for removal of material from the bed combined with devices for partial reintroduction of material into the bed, e.g. after separation of agglomerated parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00026—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
    • B01J2208/00035—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
    • B01J2208/00044—Temperature measurement
    • B01J2208/00061—Temperature measurement of the reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00115—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements inside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/0015—Plates; Cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00256—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles in a heat exchanger for the heat exchange medium separate from the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00265—Part of all of the reactants being heated or cooled outside the reactor while recycling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00548—Flow

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Description

Hvirvelskikt- forbrenningsovnFluidized bed incinerator

Oppfinnelsen angår en fremgangsmåte og en innretningThe invention relates to a method and a device

for tørking av det til en hvirvelskikt-forbrenningsovn tilførte brensel, og benyttelse av ovnens hvirvelskikt-medium i en varmeveksler. for drying the fuel supplied to a fluidized bed incinerator, and using the furnace's fluidized bed medium in a heat exchanger.

I en hvirvelskikt-ovn tilføres brensel, f.eks. søppel, til ovnens brennkammer hvor brenselet blandes med et f.eks.ved hjelp av innblåst luft fluidisert bæremedium, f.eks. sand. In a fluidized bed furnace, fuel is added, e.g. garbage, to the furnace's combustion chamber where the fuel is mixed with a fluidized carrier medium, e.g. with the help of blown-in air, e.g. sandy.

Forbrenningen av brenselet skjer hovedsakelig i det fluidiserte skikt under oppvarmning av bæremediet. The combustion of the fuel takes place mainly in the fluidized bed during heating of the carrier medium.

Den til luften/avgassene avgitte varmemengde ledesThe amount of heat given off to the air/exhaust gases is conducted

bort med luften/avgassene via avgassenes utløp og kan benyttes til drift av dampkjeler etc, mens det er kjent å anordne varmevekslere i brennkammerets nedre del, hvilke rør omgis av det nevnte oppvarmede bæremedium, hvorved dette avgir sin varme til rørene. away with the air/exhaust gases via the exhaust gas outlet and can be used to operate steam boilers etc., while it is known to arrange heat exchangers in the lower part of the combustion chamber, which pipes are surrounded by the aforementioned heated carrier medium, whereby this emits its heat to the pipes.

En sådan ovn benyttes ofte til forbrenning av brensel med forholdsvis høyt vanninnhold (f.eks. kloakkslam, søppel etc.) og for tørking av dette er det kjent å anvende damptørker som kompliserer og fordyrer forbrenningsovnen såvel ved anskaffelse som under drift. Such a furnace is often used for burning fuel with a relatively high water content (e.g. sewage sludge, rubbish etc.) and for drying this it is known to use steam dryers which complicate and make the incinerator more expensive both when purchasing and during operation.

De nevnte varmevekslerrør blir under drift meget varme og påvirkes i denne tilstand mekanisk av den hvirvlende sand, hvilket resulterer i kort levetid for disse. The aforementioned heat exchanger tubes become very hot during operation and are mechanically affected in this state by the swirling sand, which results in a short lifetime for them.

Videre er en sådan ovns avgasser'også meget varme og nødvendiggjør forholdsvis store kjeler for utnyttelse av<avg>a<s->senes varmeinnhold. Furthermore, the exhaust gases of such a furnace are also very hot and require relatively large boilers to utilize the heat content of the furnace.

Oppfinnelsens hensikt er i stor grad å eliminere de ovennevnte ulemper ved hvifvelskikt-forbrenningsovner. The purpose of the invention is to a large extent to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages of swirling bed incinerators.

Det særegne ved oppfinnelsen fremgår av de iThe peculiarity of the invention appears from the i

kravene angitte kjennetegnende trekk.the requirements specified distinguishing features.

Oppfinnelsen skal i. det følgende beskrives nærmere under henvisning til tegningen som skjematisk viser forbrenningsovnen ifølge oppfinnelsen, og hvor fig. 1 viser et lengdesnitt av en hvirvelskikt-forbrenningsovn med en innretning ifølge oppfinnelsen, for tørking av brensel, og fig. 2 viser et lengdesnitt av en hvirvelskiktovn med en varmeveksler og en innretning for retur av det i ovnen fluidiserte bæremedium. The invention shall in the following be described in more detail with reference to the drawing which schematically shows the incinerator according to the invention, and where fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a fluidized bed incinerator with a device according to the invention, for drying fuel, and fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section of a fluidized bed furnace with a heat exchanger and a device for returning the fluidized carrier medium in the furnace.

Den på fig. 1 viste hvirvelskikt-forbrenningsovn omfatter en reaktor eller et brennkammer 1 som er delvis fylt med et kornformet e.l. medium 2, f.eks. sand. Vianet innløp 3 tilføres luft til en under ovnens brennkammer 1 anordnet frisk-luftkasse 4, hvis tak 5, som danner brennkammerets 1 bunn, The one in fig. The fluidized bed incinerator shown in 1 comprises a reactor or a combustion chamber 1 which is partially filled with a granular or medium 2, e.g. sandy. Vianet inlet 3 air is supplied to a fresh-air box 4 arranged below the furnace's combustion chamber 1, whose roof 5, which forms the bottom of the combustion chamber 1,

er forsynt med perforeringer, således at den tilførte luft blåses opp i brennkammeret via disse og fludiserer sanden. is provided with perforations, so that the supplied air is blown up into the combustion chamber via these and fluidizes the sand.

Ovnens fuktige brensel tilføres denne ved hjelp av f.eks. en åpen skruetransportør 6 som munner ut i ovnens brennkammer 1 i noen avstand fra og over den perforerte bunnplate 5. The furnace's moist fuel is supplied to it using e.g. an open screw conveyor 6 which opens into the furnace's combustion chamber 1 at some distance from and above the perforated bottom plate 5.

Fra den perforerte bunnplate 5 og skruetransportørens 6 innløp strekker det seg en ledning til den åpne skrue-transportør 6, i hvilken ledning oppvarmet sand kan strømme fra ovnen. Denne oppvarmede sand blandes i skruetransportøren med brenselet som transporteres til ovnen og bevirker hel eller delvis fordampning av den/^brenselet inneholdte vannmengde. From the perforated bottom plate 5 and the inlet of the screw conveyor 6, a line extends to the open screw conveyor 6, in which line heated sand can flow from the furnace. This heated sand is mixed in the screw conveyor with the fuel which is transported to the furnace and causes full or partial evaporation of the amount of water contained in the fuel.

Disse damper kan enten slippes direkte ut i friluft eller til-føres ovnens brennkammer for på denne måte å fjerne eventuell lukt. These vapors can either be released directly into the open air or supplied to the stove's combustion chamber in order to remove any odors in this way.

Sandledningen 7 kan være skråttstilt, hellende mot skruetransportøren, således at sanden på grunn av.sin tyngde strømmer mot denne. The sand line 7 can be inclined, sloping towards the screw conveyor, so that the sand flows towards it due to its weight.

Den på fig. 2 viste ovn er i hovedsaken lik den som er vist på fig. 1, men en ledning 10, som svarer til det på The one in fig. 2 oven shown is essentially similar to the one shown in fig. 1, but a wire 10, which corresponds to that on

fig. 1 viste sandrør 7, fører her den varme sand til en separat varmeveksler 12. fig. 1 shown sand pipe 7, here leads the hot sand to a separate heat exchanger 12.

Røret 10 er forsvnt med en f.eks. termostat-stvrt kran 11 som kari regulere mengden av den til varmeveksleren 12 tilførte sandmengde.. Termostatens føler kan f.eks. avføle den i ovnen herskende temperatur, og kranen kan være innrettet slik at den åpner når temperaturen stiger. The tube 10 has disappeared with an e.g. thermostatic tap 11 which can regulate the amount of sand added to the heat exchanger 12. The thermostat's sensor can e.g. sense the prevailing temperature in the oven, and the tap can be arranged so that it opens when the temperature rises.

Etter å ha avgitt eri del av sin varmemengde, i varmeveksleren 12, transporteres sanden fra denne og tilføres brennkammeret via dettes øvre parti, hvorved den avkjølte sand kjøler de utstrømmende avgasser og påny fluidiseres. After giving off part of its amount of heat, in the heat exchanger 12, the sand is transported from this and supplied to the combustion chamber via its upper part, whereby the cooled sand cools the outgoing exhaust gases and is re-fluidized.

Claims (6)

1. Fremgangsmåte ved drift av en hvirvelsjikt-forbrenningsovn, for oppnåelse av forbedret forbrenning av vannholdig brensel som via en tilfø rselsanordning tilfø res til ovnens brennkammer, karakterisert ved at en del av ovnens varme hvirvelsjiktmedium tas ut fra brennkammeret og innføres i tilførselsanordningen på avstand fra den^s utløp i brennkammeret, og deretter tilføres til brennkammeret sammen med brenselet.1. Procedure for operating a fluidized bed incinerator, for achieving improved combustion of water-containing fuel that is supplied to the furnace's combustion chamber via a supply device, characterized in that part of the furnace's hot fluidized bed medium is taken out of the combustion chamber and introduced into the supply device at a distance from it exits into the combustion chamber, and is then supplied to the combustion chamber together with the fuel. 2. Fremgangsmåte ifølge krav 1, karakterisert ved at avtappet hvirvelsjiktmedium tilfø res kontinuer-lig til tilfø rselsanordningen og blandes med brenselet under fremmatningen i tilførselsanordningen.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the drained fluidized bed medium is continuously supplied to the supply device and mixed with the fuel during the feed in the supply device. 3. Innretning for drift av en hvirvelsjikt-forbrenningsovn i overensstemmelse med fremgangsmåten ifølge krav 1, hvor hvirvelsjiktovnen omfatter et brennkammer med et i dette inneholdt hvirvelsjiktmedium og en tilfø rselsanordning for tilførsel av brensel til brennkammeret, karakterisert ved at •den omfatter en kanalanordning (7) som med sin ene ende er forbundet med brennkammeret (1) og med sin andre ende er forbundet med tilfø rselsanordningen (6) for brensel på avstand fra dennes utløp i brennkammeret (1), idet kanalanordningen er innrettet til å overføre varmt hvirvelsjiktmedium fra brennkammeret til til-fø rselsanordningen.3. Device for operating a fluidized bed incinerator in accordance with the method according to claim 1, where the fluidized bed furnace comprises a combustion chamber with a fluidized bed medium contained therein and a supply device for supplying fuel to the combustion chamber, characterized in that •it comprises a channel device (7) which is connected with one end to the combustion chamber (1) and with its other end is connected to the supply device (6) for fuel at a distance from its outlet in the combustion chamber (1), as the channel device is aligned to transfer hot fluidized bed medium from the combustion chamber to the supply device. 4. Innretning ifølge krav~ 3, karakterisert ved at kanalanordningen (7) har et hellende forløp frå brennkammeret (1) til tilførselsanordningen (6) slik at hvirvelsjiktmediet under tyngdekraftens innvirkning strømmer fra brennkammeret til tilførselsanordningen.4. Device according to claim ~ 3, characterized in that the channel device (7) has an inclined course from the combustion chamber (1) to the supply device (6) so that the fluidized bed medium under the influence of gravity flows from the combustion chamber to the supply device. 5. Innretning ifølge krav 3 eller 4, karakterisert ved at kanalanordningen (7) er innrettet for kon-tinuerlig tilførsel av varmt hvirvels j i-ktmedium til tilf ørselsan-ordningen (6) , og at: denne er en transportør i hvilken mediet og brenselet blandes under fremmatningen mot brennkammeret.5. Device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the channel device (7) is designed for continuous supply of hot swirling medium to the supply device (6), and that: this is a conveyor in which the medium and the fuel is mixed during the advance towards the combustion chamber. 6 . Innretning ifølge krav 5, karakterisert ved at transportøren (6) er en skruetransportø r.6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the conveyor (6) is a screw conveyor.
NO783018A 1978-09-04 1978-09-04 Fluidised bed incinerator. NO783018L (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO783018A NO783018L (en) 1978-09-04 1978-09-04 Fluidised bed incinerator.
SE7907226A SE7907226L (en) 1978-09-04 1979-08-30 PROCEDURE FOR OPERATING A SPIRIT BED STOVE AND DEVICE FOR EXECUTIVE PROCEDURE
SE7907227A SE435545B (en) 1978-09-04 1979-08-30 DEVICE FOR SPEED BED COMBUSTION OVEN
GB7930321A GB2030275B (en) 1978-09-04 1979-08-31 Fluidised bed incinerator
DE19792935542 DE2935542A1 (en) 1978-09-04 1979-09-03 METHOD FOR OPERATING A FLUID-LAYER COMBUSTION PLANT AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD
FR7921999A FR2434999A1 (en) 1978-09-04 1979-09-03 METHOD FOR OPERATING A FLUIDIZED BED INCINERATOR, AND MEANS FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD
DE19792935520 DE2935520A1 (en) 1978-09-04 1979-09-03 METHOD FOR OPERATING A FLUID-LAYER COMBUSTION PLANT AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO783018A NO783018L (en) 1978-09-04 1978-09-04 Fluidised bed incinerator.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
NO783018L true NO783018L (en) 1980-03-05

Family

ID=19884405

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NO783018A NO783018L (en) 1978-09-04 1978-09-04 Fluidised bed incinerator.

Country Status (5)

Country Link
DE (2) DE2935520A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2434999A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2030275B (en)
NO (1) NO783018L (en)
SE (2) SE435545B (en)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4359968A (en) * 1979-01-10 1982-11-23 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed heat exchanger utilizing a baffle system
DE3115236A1 (en) * 1981-04-15 1982-11-04 Babcock-BSH AG vormals Büttner-Schilde-Haas AG, 4150 Krefeld Fluid bed firing
GB2151503B (en) * 1981-12-15 1986-08-20 William Benedict Johnson Fluidized bed combustion apparatus and method of carrying out fluidized bed combustion
IT1155658B (en) * 1982-03-23 1987-01-28 Fata Ind Spa SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR THE RECOVERY OF SANDS CONTAINED IN FOUNDRY SHAPES AND SOULS BY CALCINATION IN A FLUIDIZED BED OVEN
FR2526182B1 (en) * 1982-04-28 1985-11-29 Creusot Loire METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE TEMPERATURE OF A FLUIDIZED BED
DE3320049A1 (en) * 1983-06-03 1984-12-06 Inter Power Technologie GmbH, 6600 Saarbrücken METHOD FOR OPERATING A FLUIDIZED BURN FIRING
DE3347023A1 (en) * 1983-12-24 1985-07-25 Hölter, Heinz, Dipl.-Ing., 4390 Gladbeck Fluidised bed technology for small heating outputs
SE450164B (en) * 1985-10-22 1987-06-09 Asea Stal Ab SETTING TO ADJUST THE BED HEIGHT IN A POWER PLANT WITH A FLUIDIZED BED AND POWER PLANT WITH A CONTROL FOR THE BED HEIGHT
NO159879C (en) * 1986-05-02 1989-02-15 Santo As PROCEDURES FOR OPERATION OF A COMBUSTION PLANT, SEAT FOR IMPLEMENTATION.
SE457015B (en) * 1987-03-25 1988-11-21 Abb Stal Ab POWER PLANT WITH FLUIDIZED BOTTOM PREPARATION
SE457014B (en) * 1987-03-25 1988-11-21 Abb Stal Ab PROVIDED TO IMPROVE THE USE OF SULFUR ABSORBENT IN PRE-BURNING IN A FLUIDIZED BATH AND A POWER PLANT WITH FLUIDIZED BOTH PREPARATION
FR2693729B1 (en) * 1992-07-16 1994-10-07 Bp Chemicals Snc Fluidized bed polymerization reactor and polymerization process.

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2624302A1 (en) * 1976-05-31 1977-12-22 Metallgesellschaft Ag PROCEDURE FOR CARRYING OUT EXOTHERMAL PROCESSES

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2434999A1 (en) 1980-03-28
SE7907227L (en) 1980-03-05
FR2434999B1 (en) 1984-12-14
GB2030275A (en) 1980-04-02
GB2030275B (en) 1983-05-25
SE435545B (en) 1984-10-01
DE2935520A1 (en) 1980-03-13
DE2935542A1 (en) 1980-03-27
SE7907226L (en) 1980-03-05

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