NO175804B - Oil absorbing material, as well as the process of making it - Google Patents
Oil absorbing material, as well as the process of making it Download PDFInfo
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- NO175804B NO175804B NO920499A NO920499A NO175804B NO 175804 B NO175804 B NO 175804B NO 920499 A NO920499 A NO 920499A NO 920499 A NO920499 A NO 920499A NO 175804 B NO175804 B NO 175804B
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- Prior art keywords
- pulp
- wood
- dried
- approx
- drying
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000008124 Picea excelsa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000193463 Picea excelsa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001236197 Pinus tropicalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000317 environmental toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
- E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
- E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0202—Separation of non-miscible liquids by ab- or adsorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
- B01D17/0214—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation with removal of one of the phases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
- C02F1/681—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of solid materials for removing an oily layer on water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/32—Materials not provided for elsewhere for absorbing liquids to remove pollution, e.g. oil, gasoline, fat
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører et oljeabsorberende materiale som angitt i krav l's ingress, samt en fremgangsmåte som angitt i kravene 4-7. The present invention relates to an oil-absorbing material as stated in claim 1's preamble, as well as a method as stated in claims 4-7.
Ved transport og bruk av forskjellige oljeprodukter er det uunngåelig at det kan skje utslipp under forskjellige forhold. Mindre utslipp fra landbaserte anlegg kan vanligvis behandles forholdsvis enkelt, men verre er det større skip, f.eks. tankskip går på grunn med store lekkasjer til følge. Slike situasjoner har man hatt både i Alaska og på kysten av Bretagne, og i tillegg til at opprenskningskostnadene blir astronomiske, vil man også få store uheldige langtidseffekter på plante- og dyreliv. When transporting and using different oil products, it is inevitable that emissions can occur under different conditions. Smaller emissions from land-based facilities can usually be treated relatively easily, but it is worse for larger ships, e.g. tankers run aground with large leaks as a result. Such situations have occurred both in Alaska and on the coast of Brittany, and in addition to the clean-up costs being astronomical, there will also be major adverse long-term effects on flora and fauna.
Det følger av dette at det er behov for midler som kan brukes i åpen sjø og helst så hurtig at oljen ikke får tid til å spre seg over store områder. I dag brukes det fortrinnsvis lenser til å begrense spredningen, men disse har sine begrensninger når vindstyrken er stor og bølgene høye, dvs. de værforhold som gir størst sannsynlighet for forlis. It follows from this that there is a need for means that can be used in the open sea and preferably so quickly that the oil does not have time to spread over large areas. Today, bilges are preferably used to limit the spread, but these have their limitations when the wind is strong and the waves are high, i.e. the weather conditions that give the greatest probability of sinking.
Det brukes også kjemikalier som har overflate-aktive stoffer tilsatt og som bidrar til at oljen oppløses eller blir dispergert i vann. Det diskuteres blant fagfolk om dette er noen tilfredsstillende løsning fordi slike kjemikalier som er organiske i karakter, vil ha en rekke toksiske effekter. Dessuten kreves det store mengder for at man skal oppnå noen effekt, og man kan derfor ikke påstå at dette er noen fullgod løsning på problemet med de krav som i dag stilles til miljøvern. Chemicals are also used that have surface-active substances added and that contribute to the oil dissolving or being dispersed in water. It is debated among professionals whether this is a satisfactory solution because such chemicals, which are organic in nature, will have a number of toxic effects. In addition, large amounts are required to achieve any effect, and it cannot therefore be claimed that this is a completely satisfactory solution to the problem of the demands placed on environmental protection today.
Det er også kjent fiberprodukter som brukes for å absorbere olje, og slike produkter omsettes også kommersielt. Ifølge Statens Forurensningstilsyn består disse produktene av bark, men de har den svakhet at de ikke kan brukes i åpent hav, men bare i strandsonen. Vanskeligheter med bark er for øvrig at den inneholder en betydelig mengde vannløselige produkter, og de vil gjerne ved ytre belastninger brytes ned til svært små partikler som det vil bli vanskelig å samle sammen uten at kostnadene blir svært høye. Barkproduktene kan gis en større kohesjon ved å presse dem til briketter, men dette reduserer porøsiteten i materialet, og vil derfor redusere den mengde olje som kan absorberes. There are also known fiber products that are used to absorb oil, and such products are also sold commercially. According to the Norwegian Pollution Control Board, these products consist of bark, but they have the weakness that they cannot be used in the open sea, but only in the beach zone. Difficulties with bark are, moreover, that it contains a significant amount of water-soluble products, and they will tend to break down into very small particles under external stress which will be difficult to collect together without the costs becoming very high. The bark products can be given greater cohesion by pressing them into briquettes, but this reduces the porosity of the material, and will therefore reduce the amount of oil that can be absorbed.
Det har også vært lansert produkter av bleket og ubleket cellulose for dette formål. Slike produkter vil langt på vei være hydrofile, og man er nødt til å tilsette betydelige mengder kjemikalier som voksemulsjoner, kunstharpikser, alun, m.m. for at produktene skal bli hydrofobe. Dette er nemlig et absolutt krav når det gjelder produkter som kan brukes i åpent vann. Products made of bleached and unbleached cellulose have also been launched for this purpose. Such products will by far be hydrophilic, and you have to add significant amounts of chemicals such as wax emulsions, synthetic resins, alum, etc. for the products to become hydrophobic. This is an absolute requirement when it comes to products that can be used in open water.
Fra US patent nr. 4.343.680 er det eksempelvis kjent et absorberende middel fremstilt fra høyutbyttesmasser ved at slike masser med et innhold av ekstraktivstoffer større enn 3,0 % oppvarmes til ca. 105°C eller høyere i minst 16 timer, hvoretter den varmebehandlete masse fluffes. Den lange varmebehandling på minst 16 timer gjør fremstilling av et slikt produkt tidskrevende og kostbart, og ytterligere ved at det foreligger i fluffet form vil det være vanskelig å anvende for oljeoppsamling til sjøs, spesielt når det blåser. From US patent no. 4,343,680 it is known, for example, an absorbent produced from high-yield pulps by heating such pulps with a content of extractives greater than 3.0% to approx. 105°C or higher for at least 16 hours, after which the heat-treated pulp is fluffed. The long heat treatment of at least 16 hours makes the production of such a product time-consuming and expensive, and furthermore, as it is available in fluffy form, it will be difficult to use for oil collection at sea, especially when it is windy.
Problemet kan således uttrykkes til å kunne lage porøse partikler som har tilstrekkelig styrke til å holde sammen i åpent hav med de belastninger som kan oppså der, og med en hydrofob overflate slik at bare et minimum av vann absorberes. The problem can thus be expressed as being able to make porous particles that have sufficient strength to hold together in the open sea with the loads that can occur there, and with a hydrophobic surface so that only a minimum of water is absorbed.
Det bør her tillegges at det over lengre tid vil være umulig å hindre at en viss mengde fuktighet trenger inn i dampfase. Denne mengden vil være en funkjon av vannets temperatur og damptrykk og rimeligvis den tid som partiklene flyter i vann. It should be added here that over a long period of time it will be impossible to prevent a certain amount of moisture from penetrating into the vapor phase. This amount will be a function of the water's temperature and vapor pressure and reasonably the time that the particles float in water.
Det har nå overraskende vist seg at det er mulig å oppnå en hydrofob overflate bare ved å utnytte de harpiksene som naturlig finnes i veden. Samtidig har det vist seg like overraskende at det er mulig å oppnå sfæriske partikler eller partikler som er tilnærmet sfæriske i form ved å la partiklene rotere mens de tørker. Slike roterende ovner er kjent fra bl.a. sementindustrien, og de har vanligvis en liten helling med horisontalplanet slik at partiklene ved hjelp av tyngdekraften forskyves fra innløpet mot utløpet. It has now surprisingly been shown that it is possible to achieve a hydrophobic surface only by utilizing the resins that are naturally found in the wood. At the same time, it has been found equally surprising that it is possible to obtain spherical particles or particles that are approximately spherical in shape by allowing the particles to rotate while drying. Such rotary ovens are known from e.g. the cement industry, and they usually have a slight slope to the horizontal plane so that the particles are displaced by gravity from the inlet towards the outlet.
Det oljeabsorberende materiale er særpreget ved det som er angitt i krav l's karakteriserende del. Ytterligere trekk fremgår av kravene 2 og 3. The oil-absorbing material is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 1. Further features appear from requirements 2 and 3.
I praksis vil det i trevirke være betydelige variasjoner i harpiksmengden, f.eks. fra ytterveden eller bakhon til kjerneveden. For å kompensere for disse variasjonene kan det være nødvendig å tilsette mindre mengder med hydrofoberingsmidler. Det skal imidlertid være en forutsetning at denne tilsatte mengden skal være vesentlig mindre enn den harpiksmengde som finnes i veden. In practice, there will be significant variations in the amount of resin in wood, e.g. from the outer wood or back to the heartwood. To compensate for these variations, it may be necessary to add smaller amounts of hydrophobic agents. It must, however, be a prerequisite that this added amount must be substantially less than the amount of resin found in the wood.
Enklest er det å fremstille produktet ved å behandle et harpiksrikt treslag som f.eks. furu i moderne raffinerer uten bruk av kjemikalier, men ved høyere temperatur, og massen surgjøres naturlig p.g.a. de organiske syrer som frigjøres under tørkingen og den etterfølgende lagringen. Det vil imidlertid også være mulig å fremstille et tilfredsstillende produkt ved å impregnere flismaterialet med kjemikalier som natronlut og sulfitt før raffineringen. Massen kalles i dette tilfellet CTMP (Chemi-Thermo-Mecha-nical-Pulp), og fordelen med bruken av kjemikalier er at defibreringen blir mer fullstendig og fibrene lenger. For å få en hydrofob overflate i dette tilfellet er det nødvendig at massen ikke vaskes, og at den surgjøres med sterke syrer som svovelsyre eller saltsyre før tørkingen påbegynnes. It is easiest to produce the product by treating a resin-rich type of wood such as pine in modern refineries without the use of chemicals, but at a higher temperature, and the pulp is naturally acidified due to the organic acids released during drying and subsequent storage. However, it will also be possible to produce a satisfactory product by impregnating the chip material with chemicals such as caustic soda and sulphite before refining. In this case, the pulp is called CTMP (Chemi-Thermo-Mechanical-Pulp), and the advantage of using chemicals is that the defibration is more complete and the fibers longer. In order to obtain a hydrophobic surface in this case, it is necessary that the mass is not washed, and that it is acidified with strong acids such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid before drying begins.
Eksempel 1: Et sortiment av norsk furu (Pinus Silvestris) med en ytterdiameter på ca. 20 cm ble hugget til flis på vanlig måte når man skal fremstille termo-mekanisk masse, en moderne høy-utbyttesmasse. Flisen ble fuktet med damp og kjørt gjennom dobbeltskive-raffinører i to trinn til en Canadian Freeness på ca. 150. Dette er et mål på massens finhet og er i alt vesentlig en funksjon av energiforbruket. Massen kom ut av raffinøren med ca. 20% tørrstoff og ble deretter overført til en betongblander som roterte mens det ble blåst varm luft ned i blanderen. Den største del av massen overgikk under tørkingen til sfæriske partikler av varierende størrelse, og etter fullstendig tørking og lagring ved høyere temepratur i et par døgn, hadde partiklene fått en hydrofob overflate som gjorde at de fløt på vann i opptil flere døgn og samtidig absorberte de olje og. andre organiske væsker tilsvarende flere ganger fibervekten. Example 1: An assortment of Norwegian pine (Pinus Silvestris) with an outer diameter of approx. 20 cm was chopped into chips in the usual way when producing thermo-mechanical pulp, a modern high-yield pulp. The chips were wetted with steam and run through double disc refiners in two stages to a Canadian Freeness of approx. 150. This is a measure of the fineness of the mass and is essentially a function of the energy consumption. The mass came out of the refiner with approx. 20% solids and was then transferred to a concrete mixer which rotated while hot air was blown into the mixer. The largest part of the mass turned during drying into spherical particles of varying sizes, and after complete drying and storage at a higher temperature for a couple of days, the particles had acquired a hydrophobic surface which made them float on water for up to several days and at the same time they absorbed oil and. other organic liquids corresponding to several times the fiber weight.
Eksempel 2: Et parti furu fra Zambia (POinus Kesiya) ble behandlet på samme måte som eks. 1, men massens Freeness ble ikke redusert lenger enn til ca. 300 CSF. Det viste seg at massen hadde vanskelig for å danne sfæriske partikler, og det var likeledes vanskeligere å få overflaten fullstendig hydrofob. Årsaken til dette er trolig at tropiske furu-arter inneholder mindre harpiks enn furu som vokser i tempererte strøk. Det synes også klart at tendensen til å danne sfæriske partikler under tørkingen henger sammen med fibrenes spesifikke overflate, og denne øker med økende kraftforbruk samtidig som Freeness (Canadian Standard Freeness) synker. Example 2: A batch of pine from Zambia (POinus Kesiya) was treated in the same way as ex. 1, but the Freeness of the mass was not reduced further than to approx. 300 CSF. It turned out that the mass had difficulty forming spherical particles, and it was likewise more difficult to make the surface completely hydrophobic. The reason for this is probably that tropical pine species contain less resin than pine that grows in temperate regions. It also seems clear that the tendency to form spherical particles during drying is linked to the specific surface of the fibres, and this increases with increasing power consumption at the same time as Freeness (Canadian Standard Freeness) decreases.
Eksempel 3: Et parti norsk furu likt det virket som ble brukt i eks. 1, ble impregnert med 1% NaOH og 3% natrium-sulfitt. Den impregnerte flisen ble behandlet i raffinører ved ca. 115°C som nevnt tidligere i to trinn til en Freeness på ca. 200 CSF. Tørrstoffinnholdet ut fra raffinørene var ca. 22%. Etter surgjøring ble massene tørket ved ca. 110°C til et tørrstoffinnhold på ca. 90% under langsom rotasjon og deretter lagt i varmeskap ved 105"C i to døgn. Den største del av partiklene ble sfærisk avrundet i formen og med oleofil og hydrofob overflate. Example 3: A batch of Norwegian pine similar to the timber used in ex. 1, was impregnated with 1% NaOH and 3% sodium sulphite. The impregnated chip was processed in refiners at approx. 115°C as mentioned earlier in two stages to a Freeness of approx. 200 CSF. The solids content from the refiners was approx. 22%. After acidification, the pulps were dried at approx. 110°C to a dry matter content of approx. 90% under slow rotation and then placed in a heating cabinet at 105"C for two days. The largest part of the particles was spherically rounded in shape and with an oleophilic and hydrophobic surface.
Det vil forstås av eksemplene at det oljeabsorberende materialet ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse som er gjort hydrofobt ved varmebehandling, eventuelt etter en sur-gjøring til pH ca. 5 i det alt vesentlige vil være fritt for miljøgifter, da det absorberende produkt er fremstilt på basis av et ikke-toksisk naturprodukt. It will be understood from the examples that the oil-absorbing material according to the present invention which has been made hydrophobic by heat treatment, possibly after acidification to a pH of approx. 5 will essentially be free of environmental toxins, as the absorbent product is made on the basis of a non-toxic natural product.
Det vil forstås at ved den ovenfor viste varmebehandling erholdes et kunstig eldet, harpiksinneholdende ligno-celluloseprodukt som ved fremstilling i industriell skala kan fremstilles i kontinuerlige roterende ovner av en type lignende dem som anvendes i sementindustrien. Ved an-vendelse av slike roterende ovner må naturligvis tempera-turen tilpasse seg det faktum at fibrene er av et organisk materiale som ikke bør nedbrytes eller antennes. For å unngå overopphetning av materialet kan det i praksis være gunstig å la den varme tørkeluften møte det fuktige materialet, selv om dette fra et varmeteknisk synspunkt ikke er det gunstigste. Det sier seg også selv at ved en industriell fremstilling kan det være nødvendig å foreta en sikting av det erholdte produkt og returnere den del av materialet med en uønsket liten størrelse, eksempelvis mindre enn 1 cm i diameter, til tørkeovnens innløp for blanding med frisk, fuktig masse. It will be understood that by the heat treatment shown above, an artificially aged, resin-containing ligno-cellulosic product is obtained which, when produced on an industrial scale, can be produced in continuous rotary kilns of a type similar to those used in the cement industry. When using such rotary ovens, the temperature must of course adapt to the fact that the fibers are of an organic material that should not decompose or ignite. In order to avoid overheating of the material, it may in practice be beneficial to allow the hot drying air to meet the moist material, although this is not the most favorable from a heat engineering point of view. It also goes without saying that during industrial production it may be necessary to sieve the product obtained and return the part of the material with an undesired small size, for example less than 1 cm in diameter, to the drying oven inlet for mixing with fresh, moist mass.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO920499A NO175804C (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1992-02-07 | Oil absorbing material, as well as the process of making it |
AU35766/93A AU3576693A (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1993-02-03 | Oil-absorbent fiber pellets |
CA002127252A CA2127252A1 (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1993-02-03 | Oil-absorbent fiber pellets |
PCT/NO1993/000020 WO1993015833A1 (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1993-02-03 | Oil-absorbent fiber pellets |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO920499A NO175804C (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1992-02-07 | Oil absorbing material, as well as the process of making it |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO920499D0 NO920499D0 (en) | 1992-02-07 |
NO920499L NO920499L (en) | 1993-08-09 |
NO175804B true NO175804B (en) | 1994-09-05 |
NO175804C NO175804C (en) | 1994-12-14 |
Family
ID=19894851
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO920499A NO175804C (en) | 1992-02-07 | 1992-02-07 | Oil absorbing material, as well as the process of making it |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU3576693A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2127252A1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO175804C (en) |
WO (1) | WO1993015833A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998010146A1 (en) * | 1996-09-05 | 1998-03-12 | Prolup Absorbenter Ab | Absorption means |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19757071A1 (en) * | 1997-12-20 | 1999-06-24 | Univ Freiberg Bergakademie | Making oleophilic, buoyant, flowing, absorbent cellulosic granules capable of e.g. mopping-up oil spills on water |
FI3669U1 (en) * | 1998-03-31 | 1998-10-13 | Sanfix Finland Ab Oy | Cleaning filter for oily liquids |
DE60107122T2 (en) | 2001-07-17 | 2006-01-19 | Liang, Zhi-Wei | Change in water friendliness and hostility of natural organic matter through the process of oxidative thermochemical drying |
WO2011121027A1 (en) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-10-06 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Curable mixture |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE8202932L (en) * | 1982-05-10 | 1983-11-11 | Kopparfors Papyrus Ab | ABSORPTION AGENTS FOR ORGANIC LIQUIDS, IN PARTICULAR OIL, WHICH ARE NOT DAMAGE EXPLOSIVE AND LOW FIRE RISK |
-
1992
- 1992-02-07 NO NO920499A patent/NO175804C/en unknown
-
1993
- 1993-02-03 AU AU35766/93A patent/AU3576693A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-02-03 CA CA002127252A patent/CA2127252A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-02-03 WO PCT/NO1993/000020 patent/WO1993015833A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998010146A1 (en) * | 1996-09-05 | 1998-03-12 | Prolup Absorbenter Ab | Absorption means |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU3576693A (en) | 1993-09-03 |
NO175804C (en) | 1994-12-14 |
NO920499L (en) | 1993-08-09 |
WO1993015833A1 (en) | 1993-08-19 |
CA2127252A1 (en) | 1993-08-19 |
NO920499D0 (en) | 1992-02-07 |
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