NO168985B - DEVICE AT CHAIR. - Google Patents

DEVICE AT CHAIR. Download PDF

Info

Publication number
NO168985B
NO168985B NO874362A NO874362A NO168985B NO 168985 B NO168985 B NO 168985B NO 874362 A NO874362 A NO 874362A NO 874362 A NO874362 A NO 874362A NO 168985 B NO168985 B NO 168985B
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
hydrazine
water
weight
soluble
additive
Prior art date
Application number
NO874362A
Other languages
Norwegian (no)
Other versions
NO874362D0 (en
NO168985C (en
NO874362L (en
Inventor
Jostein Ekornes
Original Assignee
Ekornes Fabrikker As J E
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ekornes Fabrikker As J E filed Critical Ekornes Fabrikker As J E
Priority to NO874362A priority Critical patent/NO168985C/en
Publication of NO874362D0 publication Critical patent/NO874362D0/en
Priority to GB8913726A priority patent/GB2230943B/en
Priority to PCT/NO1988/000079 priority patent/WO1989003648A1/en
Priority to AU25456/88A priority patent/AU606477B2/en
Priority to AT88908998T priority patent/ATE103783T1/en
Priority to US07/372,381 priority patent/US4984846A/en
Priority to JP63508183A priority patent/JPH01503524A/en
Priority to DE3888962T priority patent/DE3888962T2/en
Priority to EP88908998A priority patent/EP0338050B1/en
Priority to CA000580416A priority patent/CA1299990C/en
Publication of NO874362L publication Critical patent/NO874362L/en
Priority to DK198902936A priority patent/DK172902B1/en
Priority to FI892978A priority patent/FI87884C/en
Publication of NO168985B publication Critical patent/NO168985B/en
Publication of NO168985C publication Critical patent/NO168985C/en
Priority to HK105892A priority patent/HK105892A/en

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C1/00Chairs adapted for special purposes
    • A47C1/02Reclining or easy chairs
    • A47C1/031Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts
    • A47C1/032Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest
    • A47C1/03294Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest slidingly movable in the base frame, e.g. by rollers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C1/00Chairs adapted for special purposes
    • A47C1/02Reclining or easy chairs
    • A47C1/031Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts
    • A47C1/032Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest
    • A47C1/03255Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest with a central column, e.g. rocking office chairs

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chairs For Special Purposes, Such As Reclining Chairs (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
  • Chairs Characterized By Structure (AREA)

Description

Fremgangsmåte til korrosjonsbeskyttelse ved hjelp av et hydrazin-preparat. Method for corrosion protection using a hydrazine preparation.

Oppfinnelsen vedrører beskyttelse av metalliske over-flater i lukkede kar og rørsystemer med vandig innhold mot korrosjon. The invention relates to the protection of metallic surfaces in closed vessels and pipe systems with aqueous content against corrosion.

Det er kjent å bekjempe korrosjon i tekniske innretninger som dampkjeler, fjernoppvarmingsanlegg, varmtvannsoppvarmingssystemer ved at man til det heri befinnende vann setter hydrazin. Virkningen av denne tilsetning forklarer man spesielt med en binding av det i vann oppløste oksygen. Dessuten lar iakttagelser det anta at hydrazinet på jernoverflaten begunstiger dannelsen av et tett og fastklebende beskyt-telsessjikt av magnetitt. It is known to combat corrosion in technical devices such as steam boilers, district heating systems, hot water heating systems by adding hydrazine to the water contained therein. The effect of this addition is explained in particular by a binding of the oxygen dissolved in water. Moreover, observations suggest that the hydrazine on the iron surface favors the formation of a dense and adhesive protective layer of magnetite.

Da hydrazinets reaksjonshastighet med oksygen ved værelsetemperatur imidlertid bare er liten, blir korrosjonsbeskyttelsesvlrk-ningen, spesielt på blanke metallflater uten Fe^O^-sjikt utilfreds-stillende under 60°C, selv når det i vannet er oppløst klorider og sulfater. Man har derfor allerede foreslått aktivatortilsetninger, However, since the hydrazine's reaction rate with oxygen at room temperature is only small, the corrosion protection performance, especially on shiny metal surfaces without an Fe^O^ layer, becomes unsatisfactory below 60°C, even when chlorides and sulfates are dissolved in the water. Activator additions have therefore already been proposed,

som ved værelsetemperatur fører til en sterk akselerasjon av oksygen-bindingen. Hertil har i den senere tid en synergistisk virksom kombinasjon av metylenblått og ^Cu(CN J^^K^ vist seg fremragende, selv på blankt metall i sterkt saltholdige oppløsninger, imidlertid bare begrenset til spesialtilfellene ved våtkonservering av stillestående eller lukkede vannføringssystemer og lukkede kjølekretsløpsinnretninger. Det har vist seg at ovennevnte kombinasjon av følgende grunner ikke which at room temperature leads to a strong acceleration of the oxygen bond. In addition, in recent times a synergistically effective combination of methylene blue and ^Cu(CN J^^K^ has proven excellent, even on bare metal in highly saline solutions, however only limited to the special cases of wet preservation of stagnant or closed water flow systems and closed cooling circuit devices .It has been found that the above combination for the following reasons does not

er å anvende for anlegg som kontinuerlig drives ved høyere vanntempera-turer: j is to be used for installations that are continuously operated at higher water temperatures: j

Cyanidet er ikke stabilt, og det kan derfor utskille The cyanide is not stable and can therefore precipitate

seg elementært kobber, alt etter hydrazinoverskuddet under tiden allerede ved omtrent 40°C. I kraftverkdrift er imidlertid kobber uønsket av flere grunner; det tillatelige maksimalinnhold i høytrykkskjelens matningsvann utgjør 3 . 10~^ gram Cu pr. liter. Undertiden står det også lovmessige bestemmelser mot bruk av cyanforbindelser. itself elemental copper, depending on the hydrazine excess during the time already at about 40°C. In power plant operation, however, copper is undesirable for several reasons; the maximum permissible content in the high-pressure boiler's feed water amounts to 3 . 10~^ grams of Cu per litres. Sometimes there are also statutory provisions against the use of cyan compounds.

Metylenblått anvendes i form av dets hyarokloridj i mange tilfeller forstyrrer imidlertid en forurensning av vanndampkrets-løpet ved klorider. Videre består inntil halvparten av det på omtalte måte aktiverte handelsvanlige hydrazin-preparat av isopropanol for å Methylene blue is used in the form of its hyarochloridej in many cases, however, a contamination of the water vapor cycle by chlorides interferes. Furthermore, up to half of the commercially available hydrazine preparation activated in the manner mentioned consists of isopropanol in order to

, holde det på grunn av reduksjon ved hjelp av hydrazin dannede leukome-tylenblått i oppløsning. Derved økes ikke bare de økonomiske omkost-ninger, men det fremkommer også spesielle doseringsvanskeligheter ved den kontinuerlige tilblanding, fordi en vilkårlig fortynning med vann ikke er tillatelig på grunn av faren for utfnokning. , keeping it due to reduction by means of hydrazine formed leukome-tylene blue in solution. This not only increases the financial costs, but special dosing difficulties also arise with the continuous mixing, because an arbitrary dilution with water is not permissible due to the risk of dilution.

Som det nå er funnet, bortfaller de forannevnte ulemper og anvendelsesbegrensninger ved en fremgangsmåte til korrosjonsbeskyttelse av jernmetall i kar med vandig innhold under anvendelse av hydrazin og et tilsetningsmiddel, som aktiverer dette, idet fremgangsmåten er karakterisert ved at man som aktiverende tilsetningsmiddel anvender en av de kjente vannoppløselige o- eller p-kinoide forbindelser i et vektsforhold til NgH^ mellom 1 ; I5OO og 1 : 15, fortrinnsvis mellom 1 : 150 og 1 : 3°- Videre vedrører oppfinnelsen en blanding til gjennomføring av fremgangsmåten, idet blandingen er karakterisert ved at den består av en oppløsning av 24 vektprosent hydrazinhydrat og 0,01 til 1 vektprosent av en deri oppløselig o- eller p-kinoid forbindelse i vann. As it has now been found, the above-mentioned disadvantages and limitations of use in a method for corrosion protection of ferrous metal in vessels with aqueous content using hydrazine and an additive which activates this are eliminated, the method being characterized by using as an activating additive one of the known water-soluble o- or p-quinoid compounds in a weight ratio to NgH^ between 1 ; 1500 and 1:15, preferably between 1:150 and 1:3°- Furthermore, the invention relates to a mixture for carrying out the method, the mixture being characterized in that it consists of a solution of 24% by weight hydrazine hydrate and 0.01 to 1% by weight of a therein soluble o- or p-quinoid compound in water.

Eksempler på slike forbindelser er o- og p-kinon, nafto-kinonene, antrakinonene og derivatene, spesielt slike med hydrofile substituenter, spesielt karbonsyrer og sulfonsyrer, såvel som deres alkalisalter, som naftakinon-(l ,2 )-sulfonsyre-(4-)-kalium, antrakinon-(9,10)-sulfonsyre-(2)-natrium, 1-nitroantrakinon-(9,10)-karbonsyre-(2). Det lønner seg å tilblande disse forbindelser til hydrazin—hydrat-oppløsningen i hydroksylform, altså som pyrokatekin, hydrokinon osv., spesielt ved fremstillingen av et handelsvanlig preparat med eksempelvis 24 vektprosent hydrazinhydrat (=■ 15% NgH^), for å unngå en reaksjon av kinoner med hydrazin under oppvarming, gassutvikling og forbruk av en del av hydrazinet. Examples of such compounds are o- and p-quinone, the naphthoquinones, the anthraquinones and their derivatives, especially those with hydrophilic substituents, especially carboxylic acids and sulfonic acids, as well as their alkali salts, such as naphthaquinone-(1,2)-sulfonic acid-(4- )-potassium, anthraquinone-(9,10)-sulfonic acid-(2)-sodium, 1-nitroanthraquinone-(9,10)-carbonic acid-(2). It pays to add these compounds to the hydrazine-hydrate solution in hydroxyl form, i.e. as pyrocatechin, hydroquinone, etc., especially when preparing a commercially available preparation with, for example, 24% by weight hydrazine hydrate (=■ 15% NgH^), to avoid a reaction of quinones with hydrazine during heating, gas evolution and consumption of part of the hydrazine.

Det er å anta at de ifølge oppfinnelsen som aktivatorer anvendte kinoide forbindelser virker som ekte katalysatorer, som hur-tigere enn hydrazinet umiddelbart reagerer, opptar hydrazinets hydrogen og overfører til det i vann oppløste oksygen. It is assumed that the quinoid compounds used as activators according to the invention act as real catalysts, which immediately react faster than the hydrazine, take up the hydrazine's hydrogen and transfer it to the water-dissolved oxygen.

På diagrammet er det vist den aktiverende virkning på fire eksempler. De dertil anvendte preparater inneholdt 3 gram av hver av de angitte aktivatorer i en liter av en 24 vektprosent hydrazin-hydratholdig vandig oppløsning og ble fortynnet med oksygenovermettet kondensvann til et innhold på 0,15 gram NgH^/liter; pH = 9»5; temperatur °» 20°C. Kurvene viser det fra begynnende 35 mg/liter avtagende oksygen-innhold av prøvene i avhengighet av iakttagelsestiden. The diagram shows the activating effect on four examples. The preparations used for this purpose contained 3 grams of each of the specified activators in one liter of a 24% by weight hydrazine hydrate-containing aqueous solution and were diluted with oxygen-supersaturated condensed water to a content of 0.15 grams of NgH^/liter; pH = 9-5; temperature °» 20°C. The curves show the decreasing oxygen content of the samples starting at 35 mg/litre depending on the observation time.

Claims (2)

1. Fremgangsmåte ved korrosjonsbeskyttelse av jernmetall i kar og rørsystemer med vandig innhold under anvendelse av hydrazin og et tilsetningsmiddel som aktiverer dette, karakterisert ved at man som aktiverende tilsetningsmiddel anvender en av de kjente vann-oppløselige o- eller p-kinoide forbindelser i et vektforhold til NgH^ mellom 1 : I5OO og 1 : 15.1. Method for corrosion protection of ferrous metal in vessels and pipe systems with aqueous content using hydrazine and an additive which activates this, characterized in that as activating additive one of the known water-soluble o- or p-quinoid compounds is used in a weight ratio to NgH^ between 1 : I5OO and 1 : 15. 2. Blanding til gjennomføring av fremgangsmåten ifølge krav 1,karakterisert ved at den består av en oppløsning av 24 vektprosent hydrazinhydrat og 0,01 til 1 vektprosent av en deri opp-løselig o- eller p-kinoid forbindelse i vann.2. Mixture for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of a solution of 24% by weight of hydrazine hydrate and 0.01 to 1% by weight of a soluble o- or p-quinoid compound in water.
NO874362A 1987-10-19 1987-10-19 DEVICE AT CHAIR. NO168985C (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO874362A NO168985C (en) 1987-10-19 1987-10-19 DEVICE AT CHAIR.
PCT/NO1988/000079 WO1989003648A1 (en) 1987-10-19 1988-10-14 Arrangement in an adjustable chair
JP63508183A JPH01503524A (en) 1987-10-19 1988-10-14 Placement in chair
EP88908998A EP0338050B1 (en) 1987-10-19 1988-10-14 Arrangement in an adjustable chair
AU25456/88A AU606477B2 (en) 1987-10-19 1988-10-14 Arrangement in an adjustable chair
AT88908998T ATE103783T1 (en) 1987-10-19 1988-10-14 ARRANGEMENT FOR AN ADJUSTABLE ARMCHAIR.
US07/372,381 US4984846A (en) 1987-10-19 1988-10-14 Arrangement in an adjustable chair
GB8913726A GB2230943B (en) 1987-10-19 1988-10-14 Arrangement in an adjustable chair
DE3888962T DE3888962T2 (en) 1987-10-19 1988-10-14 ARRANGEMENT FOR AN ADJUSTABLE ARMCHAIR.
CA000580416A CA1299990C (en) 1987-10-19 1988-10-18 Arrangement in a chair
DK198902936A DK172902B1 (en) 1987-10-19 1989-06-14 Interior of an adjustable chair
FI892978A FI87884C (en) 1987-10-19 1989-06-16 Arrangement in an adjustable chair
HK105892A HK105892A (en) 1987-10-19 1992-12-31 Arrangement in an adjustable chair

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO874362A NO168985C (en) 1987-10-19 1987-10-19 DEVICE AT CHAIR.

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
NO874362D0 NO874362D0 (en) 1987-10-19
NO874362L NO874362L (en) 1989-04-20
NO168985B true NO168985B (en) 1992-01-20
NO168985C NO168985C (en) 1992-04-29

Family

ID=19890321

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NO874362A NO168985C (en) 1987-10-19 1987-10-19 DEVICE AT CHAIR.

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US4984846A (en)
EP (1) EP0338050B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH01503524A (en)
AU (1) AU606477B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1299990C (en)
DE (1) DE3888962T2 (en)
DK (1) DK172902B1 (en)
FI (1) FI87884C (en)
GB (1) GB2230943B (en)
NO (1) NO168985C (en)
WO (1) WO1989003648A1 (en)

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WO1994022348A1 (en) * 1993-03-26 1994-10-13 Oy Ortus Ab Frame structure of a foldable chair

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US6880886B2 (en) * 2002-09-12 2005-04-19 Steelcase Development Corporation Combined tension and back stop function for seating unit
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US8567864B2 (en) 2011-08-12 2013-10-29 Hni Corporation Flexible back support member with integrated recline stop notches
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WO1994022348A1 (en) * 1993-03-26 1994-10-13 Oy Ortus Ab Frame structure of a foldable chair

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO874362D0 (en) 1987-10-19
GB2230943A (en) 1990-11-07
DE3888962D1 (en) 1994-05-11
JPH057007B2 (en) 1993-01-27
EP0338050B1 (en) 1994-04-06
WO1989003648A1 (en) 1989-05-05
EP0338050A1 (en) 1989-10-25
GB2230943B (en) 1992-04-08
AU606477B2 (en) 1991-02-07
FI87884C (en) 1993-03-10
CA1299990C (en) 1992-05-05
FI87884B (en) 1992-11-30
DK293689A (en) 1989-06-14
JPH01503524A (en) 1989-11-30
FI892978A (en) 1989-06-16
US4984846A (en) 1991-01-15
DK172902B1 (en) 1999-09-27
DK293689D0 (en) 1989-06-14
DE3888962T2 (en) 1994-07-21
FI892978A0 (en) 1989-06-16
NO168985C (en) 1992-04-29
AU2545688A (en) 1989-05-23
GB8913726D0 (en) 1990-07-18
NO874362L (en) 1989-04-20

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