NO159767B - Anvendelse av et hjelpestoff som tilsetning til beta-laktamantibiotikum for aa oeke absorpsjonsgraden av antibiotikumet i blodet ved oral administrering. - Google Patents
Anvendelse av et hjelpestoff som tilsetning til beta-laktamantibiotikum for aa oeke absorpsjonsgraden av antibiotikumet i blodet ved oral administrering. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO159767B NO159767B NO810758A NO810758A NO159767B NO 159767 B NO159767 B NO 159767B NO 810758 A NO810758 A NO 810758A NO 810758 A NO810758 A NO 810758A NO 159767 B NO159767 B NO 159767B
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- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- sodium
- radical
- antibiotic
- acid
- beta
- Prior art date
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- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940106164 cephalexin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AVGYWQBCYZHHPN-CYJZLJNKSA-N cephalexin monohydrate Chemical compound O.C1([C@@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H]2[C@@H]3N(C2=O)C(=C(CS3)C)C(O)=O)=CC=CC=C1 AVGYWQBCYZHHPN-CYJZLJNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDLPVSKMFDYCOR-UEKVPHQBSA-N cephradine Chemical compound C1([C@@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H]2[C@@H]3N(C2=O)C(=C(CS3)C)C(O)=O)=CCC=CC1 RDLPVSKMFDYCOR-UEKVPHQBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosulfonic acid Substances OS(Cl)(=O)=O XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAIPRVGONGVQAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cis-caffeic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 QAIPRVGONGVQAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003326 cloxacillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LQOLIRLGBULYKD-JKIFEVAISA-N cloxacillin Chemical compound N([C@@H]1C(N2[C@H](C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)=O)C(=O)C1=C(C)ON=C1C1=CC=CC=C1Cl LQOLIRLGBULYKD-JKIFEVAISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K dicalcium phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940038472 dicalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000390 dicalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YFAGHNZHGGCZAX-JKIFEVAISA-N dicloxacillin Chemical compound N([C@@H]1C(N2[C@H](C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)=O)C(=O)C1=C(C)ON=C1C1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl YFAGHNZHGGCZAX-JKIFEVAISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001585 dicloxacillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007884 disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 1
- NOQNEAOETIMTQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium 2-carboxy-4-hydroxyphenolate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=C(C(=O)[O-])C=C(C=C1)O.[Na+].OC1=C(C(=O)[O-])C=C(C=C1)O NOQNEAOETIMTQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-HWKANZROSA-N ferulic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC(\C=C\C(O)=O)=CC=C1O KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-HWKANZROSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940114124 ferulic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC(C=CC(O)=O)=CC=C1O KSEBMYQBYZTDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004273 floxacillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000004211 gastric acid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003304 gavage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N guaiacol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1O LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000005772 leucine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003085 meticillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GPXLMGHLHQJAGZ-JTDSTZFVSA-N nafcillin Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(=O)N[C@@H]3C(N4[C@H](C(C)(C)S[C@@H]43)C(O)=O)=O)C(OCC)=CC=C21 GPXLMGHLHQJAGZ-JTDSTZFVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000515 nafcillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940056367 penicillin v Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BPLBGHOLXOTWMN-MBNYWOFBSA-N phenoxymethylpenicillin Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1 BPLBGHOLXOTWMN-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001187 pylorus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ONJSZLXSECQROL-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicyluric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CNC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O ONJSZLXSECQROL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XQMNBXPNBQFGBP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;(2-hydroxyphenyl)methanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC=CC=C1CS([O-])(=O)=O XQMNBXPNBQFGBP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NTAHVQPVJZSMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)acetate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC=CC=C1CC([O-])=O NTAHVQPVJZSMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XVEWOBVHDMTDOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC=C(CC([O-])=O)C=C1O XVEWOBVHDMTDOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PBHXKJNGAVZTKY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)acetate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC=C(OCC([O-])=O)C=C1 PBHXKJNGAVZTKY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FWDLHTBMGQEUDU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FWDLHTBMGQEUDU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JQWYTSHFVIDUHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=CC=CC(C([O-])=O)=C1O JQWYTSHFVIDUHA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DVSAFLNBVQKEKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 DVSAFLNBVQKEKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XBYKLNAHPCSCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzoate Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=CC=C(O)C(C([O-])=O)=C1 XBYKLNAHPCSCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PGSZYKMIHRQVPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(O)C(C([O-])=O)=C1 PGSZYKMIHRQVPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JSANKAFIQASTSI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-hydroxy-5-octoxybenzoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCOC1=CC=C(O)C(C([O-])=O)=C1 JSANKAFIQASTSI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QFPJMYAAWXLIPY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,5-dibromo-2-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=C(Br)C=C(Br)C=C1C([O-])=O QFPJMYAAWXLIPY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RSCGMZIEBCRSHM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,5-dihydroxybenzoate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC(O)=CC(C([O-])=O)=C1 RSCGMZIEBCRSHM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SDBVEUJRZKHWSH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC=C(C=CC([O-])=O)C=C1O SDBVEUJRZKHWSH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZCNGWQCRXUGQCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C=C(C([O-])=O)C(O)=CC2=C1 ZCNGWQCRXUGQCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XDWBXMATAPGYAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1C([O-])=O XDWBXMATAPGYAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KFVFFDSMNCKBLV-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;5-butoxy-2-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCOC1=CC=C(O)C(C([O-])=O)=C1 KFVFFDSMNCKBLV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YURBHIGWUCRYFI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C([O-])=O YURBHIGWUCRYFI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LXMSZDCAJNLERA-ZHYRCANASA-N spironolactone Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CC[C@@H]3[C@@]4(C)CCC(=O)C=C4C[C@H]([C@@H]13)SC(=O)C)C[C@@]21CCC(=O)O1 LXMSZDCAJNLERA-ZHYRCANASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OHKOGUYZJXTSFX-KZFFXBSXSA-N ticarcillin Chemical compound C=1([C@@H](C(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]2[C@H]3SC([C@@H](N3C2=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C=CSC=1 OHKOGUYZJXTSFX-KZFFXBSXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004659 ticarcillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-isoferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=CC(O)=O)C=C1O QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/20—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing sulfur, e.g. dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO], docusate, sodium lauryl sulfate or aminosulfonic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/425—Thiazoles
- A61K31/429—Thiazoles condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/43—Compounds containing 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula, e.g. penicillins, penems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/54—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
- A61K31/542—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/545—Compounds containing 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. cephalosporins, cefaclor, or cephalexine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/60—Salicylic acid; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/66—Phosphorus compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/12—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2013—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Cephalosporin Compounds (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Hydrogenated Pyridines (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår anvendelse av et hjelpestoff som tilsetning til |3-lactamantibiotikum for å øke absorpsjonsgraden av antibiotikumet i blodet ved oral administrering .
Som anvendt i denne beskrivelse angir uttrykket "p-lac-tam antibiotika" de antibiotika som inneholder 3-lactamgrup-pen, og innbefatter penicillinene, cefalosporinene og beslektede kjemiske arter,
Dét er vel kjent at p-lactamantibiotikaene som har det felles strukturelle trekk, nemlig en fireleddet lactamring,
er blitt beskrevet som den viktigste klasse terapeutiske midler til bekjempelse av grampositive og gramnegative infeksjo-ner. Til tross for deres store popularitet, er det også vel kjent at et stort antall av 3-lactamantibiotikaene slik som penicillinene, penicillin G, methacillin og carbenicillin, og cefalosporinene, cefazolin, cefapirin, cefaloridin, cefalothin, cefapirin, cefanon, cefamandol, cefaparol, cefoxitin, cefacetril, cefmetazol, cefuroxim, cefotaxim, T-1551, og oxa-cefalosporinet S^6059, utviser dårlig oral aktivitet.
Penicillinene som ble introdusert for endel år siden, lider av to hovedulemper: lav aktivitet overfor resistente organismer og mangel på oral aktivitet som skyldes dets iboende ustabilitet overfor mavesyre. Syreustabiliteten ble delvis overvunnet ved oppdagelsen av mer syrestabile penicilliner slik som penicillin V, som muliggjorde at penicillin ble ab-sorbert med mindre nedbrytning, og følgelig gav høyere blodnivåer av det aktive terapeutiske middel. Til tross for disse kjemiske modifikasjoner for å produsere syrestabile, oralt effektive, penicilliner, kan imidlertid mange av penicillinene i klinisk bruk, slik som penicillin G, methacillin, carbenicillin og ticarcillin, ikke administreres oralt. Selv de nye es-tere av carbenicillin, carfecillin og carindacillin absorberes bare i 40 % og gir lave blodnivåer av carbenicillin;
Det annet hovedproblem med penicillinantibiotikaene er
deres manglende aktivitet overfor resistente stammer av bakterier som produserer nedbrytende enzym, penicillinase. De tid-ligere semisyntetiske penicilliner, slik som methicillin, oxa-
cillin, cloxacillin, diclosacillin, flucloxacillin og nafcil-lin, ble utyiklet for å oyeryinne dette problem. Denne klasse penicilliner var resistent overfor penicillinaseenzymet, og var aktiv overfor disse resistente organismer som produserer enzymet. Imidlertid var disse forbindelser mindre aktive enn sine foreldre, og utviste særlig dårlig aktivitet overfor de viktige gramnegative organismer.
Den annen klasse (3-lactamantibiotika, cef alosporinene, ble utviklet fordi disse, ulik penicillinene, var meget aktive både overfor penicillinaseproduserende grampositive bakterier, og de gramnegative bakterier. Mangel på oral aktivitet, et praktisk talt universelt karakteristisk trekk ved cefalosporinene, deles imidlertid også av cefalosporin C,
og mesteparten av de nyere semisyntetiske analoger. Denne mangel på oral aktivitet var helt uventet, da cefalosporiner, ulik penicillinene, er stabile i mavesyre. Da molekylet ut-skilles uforandret i fæces, er det tydelig at mangelen på oral aktivitet skyldes dårlig absorpsjon, og forårsakes sann-synligvis av cefalosporinkjernens polare natur. Gjennom kje-misk modifisering er et antall oralt effektive &-lactamantibiotikaer fremstilt, slik som cefalexin, cefradin, cefalogly-cin, cefadioxil og cefaclor, som har vist en absorpsjon på mer enn 80 %. Uheldigvis er disse meget mindre aktive in vit-ro enn de klinisk injiserbare cefalosporiner. Det er klart at denne kjemiske modifisering har gitt et oralt aktivt antibiotikum hvis antibakterielle egenskaper er dårligere enn de for tiden anvendte injiserbare cefalosporiner.
Der foreligger således et klart behov for en ny metode for å øke den orale absorpsjon av de ikke-oralt effektive 3-lactamantibiotikaer. Nevnte metode ville kunne tillate oral anvendelse av de klinisk viktige (3-lactamantibiotikaer hvis bruk for tiden er begrenset til intramuskulær og intravenøs administrering.
Oppfinnelsen angår således anvendelse av et hjelpestoff av formel
hvori Rx er et radikal valgt fra -C02H, - (CH2)n-COOH,
-CH=CH-C02H, -S03H, eller et farmasøytisk akseptabelt salt derav, hvori R,, er et radikal valgt fra OH, H, et lavere alkoxyradikal med 1-10 carbonatomer, et lavere alkylradikal med 1-10 carbonatomer, et halogenradikal, et mono-, di-eller trihalogen-lavere alkylradikal med 1-5 carbonatomer, og hvori
n er et helt tall på 0 - 5, og
y er 1 eller 2,
som tilsetning til (3-lactamantibiotikum for å øke absorpsjonsgraden av antibiotikumet i blodet ved oral administrering.
Mer foretrukne hjelpestoffer er de av formelen:
hvori R1 er et radikal valgt fra
-C02H, -(CH2)-C00H, CH=CH-C02H, -S03H, eller et farma-søytisk akseptabelt salt derav hvori R2 er valgt fra OH, H, et lavere alkoxyradikal med 1-10 carbonatomer, et lavere alkylradikal med 1-10 carbonatomer, et halogenradikal, et mono-, di- eller trihalogen-lavere alkylradikal hvori alkylgruppen har 1-5 carbonatomer og hvori y er et helt tall på 1 eller 2.
Særlig foretrukne hjelpestoffer er de med formelen:
hvori R1 er C02H, (CH2)-COOH, S03H,
eller et farmasøytisk akseptabelt salt derav, hvori R2 er OH, H, et lavere alkoxyradikal, et lavere alkylradikal,
et halogenradikal, eller et trihalogen-lavere alkylradikal, og hvori y er et helt tall på 1 eller 2.
Spesifikke hjelpestoffer nyttige, ved foreliggende fremgangsmåte og legemiddelformer for økning av den orale absorpsjon av 3-lactamantibiotika innbefatter salicylsyre, resor-cylsyre, og gentisinsyre. Andre hydroxyarylsyrer, slik som l-hydroxy^2-nafthoinsyre, nafthoresorcylsyre, ferulsyre, kaf-feinsyre, og homovanillinsyre har lignende nyttig hjelpestoff-aktivitet ved foreliggende fremgangsmåte. Slike hjelpestof-aktivitet. Slike hjelpestoffer betraktes ikke som i og for seg nye og kan fremstilles ved vel kjente metoder innen faget.
Mengden av anvendt hjelpestoff kan variere over et vidt område. Effektiviteten av hjelpemidlet blir signifikant ved lokal konsentrasjon som overskrider 0,01% ved absorpsjonsstedet. Anvendelse av disse ved en dose hvorved deres konsentrasjon ved absorpsjonsstedet overskrider 5 % anbefales ikke på grunn av den lokale irriterende virkning på vevet.
De 3-lactamantibiotika hvis forhøyede orale utlevering er et trekk ved foreliggende oppfinnelsen, omfatter både penicillinene, penicillin G, methacillin, carbenicillin og ticari-cillin, og cefalosporinene, cefalosporin C, cefazolin, cefapirin, cefaloridin, cefalothin, cefapirin, cefanon, cefamandol, cefaparol, cefoxitin, cefacetril, cefmetazol, cefoxitin, cefuroxim, cefotaxim, T-1551, og oxacefalosporin, S-6059. Mengden av 3-lactamantibiotika som er nødvendig for fremstilling av legemiddelformen, kan variere over et vidt område, men vil normalt reguleres ved den mengde som er nød-vendig for å gi den terapeutisk effektive enhetsdose.
EKSEMPEL 1
Natriumsaltet av cefmetazol (50 mg/kg) og natriumsalicylat (200 mg/kg), oppløst i v^nn ble gitt til mus via sonde,
Som kontroll ble mus gitt en lik dose av natriumsaltet av cefmetazol i vann uten tilsatt natriumsalicylat. Musene ble anbragt i individuelle metabolismebur, og deres urin oppsamlet efter 24 timer.
Urinprøvene ble surgjort til pH 2,0 med IN fosforsyre. Surgjorte prøver ble anbragt på 100 - 200 mesh XAD.2 kolonner (1,5 ml)„, og kolonnene ble vasket med 1^0, Cefmetazol ble eluert med 2 ml methanol og målt ved høytrykksvæskekromatogra-fi som ble utført under anvendelse av en "Altex" væskekromato-graf utstyrt med en dobbel bølgelengdemåler (254 nm og 280 nm). Kolonnen var en LiChrosorb <®> 10 RP-18 (lengde 25 cm, indre diameter 4,6 mm). Alle forsøk ble utført ved omgivende temperatur. En 3 cm's sikkerhetskolonne av "RP-18" kolonne-materiale ble også anvendt. Den mobile fase bestod av 30 %
-4
tetrghydrofuran, 7,5 x 10 M tetra-n-hexyl ammoniumperklorat, og 70 % Hz 90. Strømningsh2astigheten var 2 ml/minutt, og tryk-ket mindre enn 140 kg/cm . Konsentrasjoner av cefmetazol ble bestemt ved måling av topphøyde ved 254 nm og beregning på basis av standardkurver utført under identiske betingelser. Resultatene er vist i tabell I,
På lignende måte ble følgende kombinasjoner av andre 3-lactamer og hydroxyarylsyrer også funnet å øke den orale absorpsjon av det tilsvarende antibiotikum.
Legemiddelformene administre-
res hensiktsmessig i orale doseringsformer slik som tabletter eller kapsler, ved kombinasjon av (3-lactamantibiotikumet i en terapeutisk mengde og den hydroxyaromatiske syre eller salt derav i tilstrekkelig mengde til effektivt å øke den orale utlevering med en hvilken som helst oral farmasøytisk akseptabel
inert bærer, slik som lactose, stivelse (farmasøytisk kvali-tet) , dikalsiumfosfat, kalsiumsulfat, kaolin, mannitol og pulverformig sukker. For å redusere irritasjonen i maven bør den foretrukne doseringsform av den hydroxyaromatiske syre være et farmasøytisk akseptabelt salt, og legemiddelformen bør være beregnet på å frigi (3-lactamantibiotikumet og det hydroxyaromatiske syresalt efter pylorus. I tillegg kan om nødvendig egnede bindemidler, smøremidler, oppbrytende midler og farvestoffer også tilsettes. Typiske bindemidler inn^ befatter stivelse, gelatin, sukker slik som sucrose, molasse og lactose, naturlige og syntetiske gummier, slik som acacia, natriumalginat, ekstrakt av kruscaragen, carboxymethylcellu-lose, methylcellulose og polyvinylpyrrolidon, polyethylengly-col, ethylcellulose og vokser. Typiske smøremidler for anvendelse i disse doseringsformer kan innbefatte borsyre, nat-riumbenzoat, natriumacetat, natriumklorid, leucin og poly-ethylenglycol. Egnede oppløsende midler kan innbefatte stivelse, methylcellulose, agar, bentonitt, cellulose og trepro-dukter, alginsyre, guargummi, citrusmasse, carboxymethylcel-lulose og natriumlaurylsulfat. Eventuelt kan et konvensjo^-nelt, farmasøytisk akseptabelt farvestoff innarbeides i den orale doseringsenhetsform, f.eks, hvilket som helst av stan-dard FD & C farvestoffer.
EKSEMPEL 2 Fremstilling av natrium-2-hydroxy-methoxy-^
be nzens ul f on at
12,4 g p-methoxyfenyl ble oppløst i 100 ml kloro-form og isavkjølt. 11,6 g klorsulfonsyre ble tilsatt dråpevis til den omrørte reaksjonsblanding. Kjølebadet ble fjernet efter tilsetningen og omrøring fortsatt 24 timer ved romtempera-tur. Kloroformen ble derefter avdestillert, og residuet ble tørket i vakuum til et hygroskopisk lysebrunt fast stoff som veiet 20,5 g, som var 2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-benzensulfonsyre. NMR (CDC13) 3.73 (3H, s 0C§3), 6.8 - 7.2 (3H, m, aromatisk H), og 9.86 (2H, bred sf OH og S03H), IR (film) 3500 - 2900, 1512, 1470, 1229, 1198, 996, 938 cm"<1>.
Den ovennevnte sulfonsyre (10 g) ble oppløst i 10 ml vann og helt i 75 ml mettet natriumkloridoppløsning. Et hvitt, fast stoff utskiltes omgående, Det ble filtrert og tørket, Krystallisasjon fra vann gav det rene natriumsalt av 2-h<y>drox<y>^-5-methoxybenzensulfonsyre (6,6 g) ,
NMR (D20) 3,83 (3H, s, OCH_3)., 7.05 og 7.33 (3H, multiplet-ter, aromatiske). IR (KBr) 3260, 1518, 1440, 1300, 1280, 1240, 1210, 1905, 1045 cm"<1>.
EKSEMPEL 3
Typisk fremstilling av enterisk-belagte tabletter inneholdende hjelpestoff.
300 mg cefoxitintabletter
Cefoxitinnatriumsaltet ble malt, ført gjennom en 40 mesh sikt, blandet med natrium 5-methoxysalicylatet, halv-parten av magnesiumstearatet og slått med 12,70 mm's flate stempler. Klumpene ble brutt opp og ført gjennom en 40 mesh sikt, blandet med mikrokrystallinsk cellulose og resten av magnesiumstearatet. Materialet ble tablettert under anvendelse av konkave 11,11 mm's dype stempler under dannelse av tabletter med 10 kg's hårdhet.
Belegning:
Tablettene ble belagt med 15 mg for-belegg og 34 mg enterisk belegg efter de belegningsprosedyrer som er beskrevet i det efterfølgende.
Enterisk belegningsprosedyre
Tablettene eller kapslene ble anbragt i en beleg-ningspanne inneholdende vinger for å gi grundig omrøring. En liten mengde av belegningsoppløsningen ble påført under anvendelse av en luftspreder, og oppløsningsmidlene ble fordampet ved tilførsel av varm luft rettet inn i belegningspannen, Denne prosedyre ble gjentatt inntil den ønskede mengde beleg-ningsmateriale var påført. Belegningsmaterialmengden ble be^-stemt av vektøkningen av en representativ gruppe tabletter.
Bele gn i rigs opplø s ri i nge r:
For- bélegg:
En film av hydroxypropylmethylcellulose ble på-ført tablettene, efterfulgt av en enterisk belegning. Enterisk belegriing;
En film av hydroxypropylmethylcellulosefthalat ble påført.
Oppløsninger:
En 5 vekt%'s oppløsning ay hydroxypropylmethylcellulose og en 10 vekt%'s oppløsning av hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulosef thalat i ethanol: methylenklorid (1:1 på vektbasis) ble anvendt som belegningsoppløsninger,
EKSEMPEL 4
Ved å følge prosedyren i eksempel 3 for fremstil-lingen av enterisk belagte tabletter og anvende ekvivalente mengder av bestanddelene, kan følgende forbindelser anvendes i stedet for cefoxitin som er (6R-cis)-3-[[(aminocarbonyl)-oxy]methyl]-7-methoxy^8-oxo-7[(2-thienylacetyl)amino]-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-2-carboxylsyre. 1) Cefamandol som er 7-[(hydroxyfenylacetyl)-amino]-3-[[(l-methyl-lH-tetrazol-5-yl)thio]methyl]-8-oxo-5-thia-l-azabicyclo[4,2.0]oct-2-en^2-carboxylsyre 2) Amoxicillin som er 6-[ [amino(4-hydroxyfenyl)-acetyl]-
amino]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-l-azabicyclo-[3.2.0]-heptan-2-carboxylsyre
3) N-formimidoyl thienamycinmonohydrat.
Også de efterfølgende hjelpestoffer kan anvendes i kombinasjon med hvilket som helst av de legemidler eller forbindelser som er beskrevet i eksempler 1, 3 eller 4 i egnede forhold.
Hjelpestoffene kan velges fra, de følgende salter eller tilsvarende syrer:
Natrium 5-^methoxy salicyiat
Natrium salicyiat
Natrium homovanilat
Natrium 2,5-dihydroxybenzoat Natrium 2, 4-rdihydroxybenzoat Natrium 3,4-dihydroxymandelat Natrium 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandé.lat Natrium 3-methoxy-4-hydroxycinnamat Natrium 5-methoxy-2-hydroxyfenylsulfonat Natrium 3-methylsalicylat
Natrium 5-methylsalicylat
Natrium 5-tert-octylsalicylat Natrium 3-tert-butyl-6-methylsalicyiat Natrium 3,5-diisopropylsalicylat
Natrium 3-tert-butyl-5-methylsalicylat Natrium guaicolsulfonat
Natrium 5-bromosalicylat
Natrium 3,5-dibromosalicylat
Natrium 5-j od' salicyiat
Natrium 3,5-dijod^ salicyiat
Natrium 2-hydroxyfenylacetat
Natrium 3-hydroxy-2-nafthoat
Natrium mandelat
Natrium fenyllactat
Natrium 2-hydroxyfenyImethansulfonat
Natrium 5-trifluormethyl-2-hydroxybenzoat Natrium 4-hydroxy-3-hydroxyfenyImethansulfonat Natrium 3-methoxysalicylat
Natrium 5-octyloxysalicylat
Natrium 5-butoxysalicylat
Natrium p-hydroxyfenoxyacetat
Natrium 3,4-dihydroxyfenylacetat
Natrium 5-klorsalicylat
Natrium 3,4-dihydroxycinnamat
Natrium 3,5-dihydroxybenzoat
Natrium 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoat
Natrium l-hydroxy-2-nafthoat
Natrium salicylurat
Enhver fagmann kan fremstille disse orale doseringsformer ved enkelt å anvende de fremstillingsprosedyrer som er beskrevet i REMINGTON'S PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, 15.utgave (1975) sider 1576 - 1617.
Claims (3)
1. Anvendelse av et hjelpestoff av formel
hvori R1 er et radikal valgt fra -C02H, -(CH2)n~COOH, -CH=CH-C02H, -S03H, eller et farmasøytisk akseptabelt salt derav, hvori R2 er et radikal valgt fra OH, H, et lavere alkoxyradikal med 1 - 10 carbonatomer, et lavere alkylradikal med 1-10 carbonatomer, et halogenradikal, et mono-, di-eller trihalogen-lavere alkylradikal med 1-5 carbonatomer, og hvori
n er et helt tall på 0 - 5, og
y er 1 eller 2,
som tilsetning til (3-lactamantibiotikum for å øke absorpsjonsgraden av antibiotikumet i blodet ved oral administrering.
2. Anvendelse ifølge krav 1 av et hjelpestoff av formel
hvori R er et radikal valgt fra -C02H, -(CH2)-C00H, CH=CH-C02H, -S03H, eller et farma-søytisk akseptabelt salt derav hvori R2 er valgt fra OH, H, et lavere alkoxyradikal med 1-10 carbonatomer, et lavere alkylradikal med 1-10 carbonatomer, et halogenradikal, et mono-, di- eller trihalogen-lavere alkylradikal hvori alkylgruppen har 1-5 carbonatomer og hvori y er et helt tall på 1 eller 2.
3. Anvendelse ifølge krav 1, av et hjelpestoff av formelen
hvori R1 er C02H, (CH2)-COOH, S03H,
eller et farmasøytisk akseptabelt salt derav, hvori R2 er OH, H, et lavere alkoxyradikal, et lavere alkylradikal,
et halogenradikal, eller et trihalogen-lavere alkylradikal, og hvori y er et helt tall på 1 eller 2.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12809980A | 1980-03-07 | 1980-03-07 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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NO810758L NO810758L (no) | 1981-09-08 |
NO159767B true NO159767B (no) | 1988-10-31 |
NO159767C NO159767C (no) | 1989-02-08 |
Family
ID=22433628
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NO810758A NO159767C (no) | 1980-03-07 | 1981-03-05 | Anvendelse av et hjelpestoff som tilsetning til beta-laktamantibiotikum for aa oeke absorpsjonsgraden av antibiotikumet i blodet ved oral administrering. |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0036534B1 (no) |
JP (1) | JPS56128714A (no) |
AT (1) | ATE29837T1 (no) |
DE (1) | DE3176461D1 (no) |
DK (1) | DK101981A (no) |
ES (1) | ES500184A0 (no) |
FI (1) | FI810637L (no) |
GR (1) | GR74441B (no) |
IE (1) | IE52973B1 (no) |
NO (1) | NO159767C (no) |
PT (1) | PT72616B (no) |
Families Citing this family (8)
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AU541247B2 (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1985-01-03 | R.P. Scherer Corporation | Adjuvants for rectal delivery of drug substances |
EP0177342A3 (en) * | 1984-10-04 | 1987-12-02 | Genentech, Inc. | Oral formulation of therapeutic proteins |
IL77186A0 (en) * | 1985-11-29 | 1986-04-29 | Touitou Elka | Pharmaceutical insulin composition |
JPH05248655A (ja) * | 1992-01-09 | 1993-09-24 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 空気調和装置 |
ES2121947T3 (es) * | 1992-05-15 | 1998-12-16 | Shiseido Co Ltd | Preparacion externa para la piel. |
US5424289A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-06-13 | Alza Corporation | Solid formulations of therapeutic proteins for gastrointestinal delivery |
FR2726468B1 (fr) | 1994-11-03 | 1996-12-13 | Oreal | Utilisation de derive de l'acide salicylique comme stabilisant d'une emulsion huile-dans-eau |
WO1998026803A1 (fr) * | 1996-12-19 | 1998-06-25 | Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Composition pharmaceutique pour administration par voie orale |
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GB1036194A (en) * | 1962-03-26 | 1966-07-13 | William Kurt Wallersteiner | Improvements relating to antibiotic compositions |
US3676434A (en) * | 1970-07-29 | 1972-07-11 | Lilly Co Eli | Cephalosporin salts |
US4210635A (en) * | 1978-02-15 | 1980-07-01 | Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Antibacterial composition |
-
1980
- 1980-12-08 JP JP17306480A patent/JPS56128714A/ja active Granted
-
1981
- 1981-02-27 FI FI810637A patent/FI810637L/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1981-03-03 IE IE452/81A patent/IE52973B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-03-04 GR GR64313A patent/GR74441B/el unknown
- 1981-03-05 PT PT72616A patent/PT72616B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-03-05 NO NO810758A patent/NO159767C/no unknown
- 1981-03-06 DE DE8181101642T patent/DE3176461D1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-03-06 DK DK101981A patent/DK101981A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1981-03-06 AT AT81101642T patent/ATE29837T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-03-06 ES ES500184A patent/ES500184A0/es active Granted
- 1981-03-06 EP EP81101642A patent/EP0036534B1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
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IE52973B1 (en) | 1988-04-27 |
EP0036534B1 (en) | 1987-09-23 |
JPS6346727B2 (no) | 1988-09-19 |
DE3176461D1 (en) | 1987-10-29 |
DK101981A (da) | 1981-09-08 |
ATE29837T1 (de) | 1987-10-15 |
IE810452L (en) | 1981-09-07 |
NO159767C (no) | 1989-02-08 |
JPS56128714A (en) | 1981-10-08 |
NO810758L (no) | 1981-09-08 |
FI810637L (fi) | 1981-09-08 |
ES8301107A1 (es) | 1982-12-01 |
ES500184A0 (es) | 1982-12-01 |
GR74441B (no) | 1984-06-28 |
PT72616B (en) | 1985-10-04 |
PT72616A (en) | 1981-04-01 |
EP0036534A1 (en) | 1981-09-30 |
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