NO159535B - PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF HEAVY SALT SOLUTIONS CONTAINING FLUID LOSS REDUCING QUANTITIES OF HYDROXYTHYL CELLULOSE. - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF HEAVY SALT SOLUTIONS CONTAINING FLUID LOSS REDUCING QUANTITIES OF HYDROXYTHYL CELLULOSE. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO159535B NO159535B NO830789A NO830789A NO159535B NO 159535 B NO159535 B NO 159535B NO 830789 A NO830789 A NO 830789A NO 830789 A NO830789 A NO 830789A NO 159535 B NO159535 B NO 159535B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- salt solutions
- hec
- bromide
- zinc bromide
- cellulose
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 title claims description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title description 4
- VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc bromide Chemical compound Br[Zn]Br VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 62
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 51
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229940102001 zinc bromide Drugs 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dibromide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Br-].[Br-] WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001622 calcium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 zinc bromide Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 4
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N levoglucosan Chemical group O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2CO[C@@H]1O2 TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 3
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YAXKTBLXMTYWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-butanetriol Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)CO YAXKTBLXMTYWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- AALKGALVYCZETF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound CCC(O)C(O)CO AALKGALVYCZETF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOPINZRYMFPBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)CCO RUOPINZRYMFPBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/04—Aqueous well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/06—Clay-free compositions
- C09K8/08—Clay-free compositions containing natural organic compounds, e.g. polysaccharides, or derivatives thereof
- C09K8/10—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av tunge saltoppløsninger inneholdende sinkbromid og minst ett oppløselig salt valgt fra gruppen bestående av kalsiumklorid og kalsiumbromid, og spesielt saltoppløsninger som har et innhold av væsketapsreduserende hydroksyetylcellulose. The present invention relates to a method for the production of heavy salt solutions containing zinc bromide and at least one soluble salt selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride and calcium bromide, and in particular salt solutions which have a content of fluid loss-reducing hydroxyethyl cellulose.
I senere år har det praktiske operasjonsområdet for klare saltoppløsninger for bruk innen olje- og gassindustrien blitt betydelig utvidet ved anvendelse av oppløselige sinksalter, spesielt sinkbromid, slik at fordelene med klare saltoppløsninger nå kan oppnås med væsker som har densiteter så høyt som 2,30 kg/liter ved omgivelsestemperaturer og In recent years, the practical range of operation of clear salt solutions for use in the oil and gas industry has been significantly extended by the use of soluble zinc salts, particularly zinc bromide, so that the advantages of clear salt solutions can now be achieved with liquids having densities as high as 2.30 kg /liter at ambient temperatures and
-trykk. -Print.
De klare saltoppløsninger med høy densitet er utbredt be-nyttet: Som kompletteringsvæsker for å minimalisere plugg-dannelse i perforeringstunneler, for å beskytte formasjons-permeabilitet og for å minimalisere mekaniske problemer; The high density clear salt solutions are widely used: As completion fluids to minimize plugging in perforation tunnels, to protect formation permeability and to minimize mechanical problems;
som overhalingsvæsker av de samme grunner; som paknings-væsker for å tillate lett bevegelse og tilbaketrekking av pakningen; for rømmings-, gruspakkings- og sandkonsoliderings-anvendelser; som drepevæske eller ballastvæske; for vaier-arbeid; og som borevæsker. as overhaul fluids for the same reasons; as packing fluids to allow easy movement and retraction of the packing; for excavating, gravel packing and sand consolidation applications; as kill fluid or ballast fluid; for cable work; and as drilling fluids.
Klare saltoppløsninger med en densitet på 1,70 kg/liter eller lavere formuleres vanligvis til å inneholde natriumklorid, natriumbromid, kaliumklorid, kalsiumklorid, kalsiumbromid eller blandinger av disse salter. Klare saltoppløsninger med en densitet opptil ca. 1,81 kg/salt kan formuleres med kalsiumklorid og kalsiumbromid, men dersom saltoppløsningen må ha en krystallisasjonstemperatur, blir klare salt-oppløsninger i dette densitetsområdet vanligvis formulert til å inneholde et oppløselig sinksalt. Sinkbromid fore-trekkes fordi saltoppløsninger inneholdende dette stoff er mindre korroderende enn saltoppløsninger inneholdende sinkklorid. Klare saltoppløsninger med densitet større enn ca. 1,81 kg/liter formuleres til å inneholde sinkbromid. Generelt er hydroksyetylcellulose (HEC) og xantangummi-polymerer forenlige med væskene som ikke inneholder sinksalter. Ved de høyere densiteter er imidlertid hydratise-ringen av de viskositetsgjørende midler betydelig lang-sommere. HEC anses vanligvis som utilfredsstillende for bruk i væsker inneholdende sinksalter. Clear salt solutions with a density of 1.70 kg/liter or less are usually formulated to contain sodium chloride, sodium bromide, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium bromide or mixtures of these salts. Clear salt solutions with a density of up to approx. 1.81 kg/salt can be formulated with calcium chloride and calcium bromide, but if the salt solution must have a crystallization temperature, clear salt solutions in this density range are usually formulated to contain a soluble zinc salt. Zinc bromide is preferred because salt solutions containing this substance are less corrosive than salt solutions containing zinc chloride. Clear salt solutions with a density greater than approx. 1.81 kg/litre is formulated to contain zinc bromide. In general, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and xanthan gum polymers are compatible with the fluids that do not contain zinc salts. At the higher densities, however, the hydration of the viscosity-increasing agents is considerably slower. HEC is generally considered unsatisfactory for use in fluids containing zinc salts.
Man har nå funnet at HEC vil virke som et væsketapsadditiv i visse tunge saltoppløsninger hvori HEC ikke virker effek-tivt som et viskositetsgjørende middel. Disse tunge salt-oppløsningene inneholder 16-20 vekt-% sinkbromid. It has now been found that HEC will act as a liquid loss additive in certain heavy salt solutions in which HEC does not act effectively as a viscosity increasing agent. These heavy salt solutions contain 16-20% by weight zinc bromide.
Det er derfor et formål med foreliggende oppfinnelse å tilveiebringe visse tunge saltoppløsninger inneholdende sinkbromid og minst ett oppløselig salt valgt fra gruppen bestående åv kalsiumklorid og kalsiumbromid, og en væsketapsreduserende mengde av hydroksyetylcellulose. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide certain heavy salt solutions containing zinc bromide and at least one soluble salt selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride and calcium bromide, and a liquid loss-reducing amount of hydroxyethyl cellulose.
Et annet formål med oppfinnelsen er å tilveiebringe tunge saltoppløsninger med en densitet i området 1,70 - 1,9 2 kg/liter inneholdende sinkbromid og minst ett oppløselig salt valgt fra gruppen bestående av kalsiumklorid og kalsiumbromid, og en væsketapsregulerende mengde av hydroksyetylcellulose. Another object of the invention is to provide heavy salt solutions with a density in the range 1.70 - 1.9 2 kg/litre containing zinc bromide and at least one soluble salt selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride and calcium bromide, and a fluid loss regulating amount of hydroxyethyl cellulose.
Ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse er det således tilveie-bragt en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av en tung salt-oppløsning som har redusert væsketap, en densitet i området 1,70 - 1,92 kg/liter, og inneholdende sinkbromid, kalsiumklorid og kalsiumbromid, hvor konsentrasjonen av sinkbromid i saltoppløsningen er justert til å være i området 16 - 20 vekt-%, og hvor en væsketapsreduserende mengde av hydroksyetylcellulose i en konsentrasjon på According to the present invention, there is thus provided a method for producing a heavy salt solution which has reduced liquid loss, a density in the range 1.70 - 1.92 kg/litre, and containing zinc bromide, calcium chloride and calcium bromide, where the concentration of zinc bromide in the salt solution is adjusted to be in the range of 16 - 20% by weight, and where a fluid loss-reducing amount of hydroxyethyl cellulose in a concentration of
0,71 - 14,27 kg/m 3 blandes med saltoppløsningen, og denne fremgangsmåten er kjennetegnet ved at man justerer konsentrasjonen av sinkbromid før hydroksyetylcellulose blandes med saltoppløsningen. 0.71 - 14.27 kg/m 3 is mixed with the salt solution, and this method is characterized by adjusting the concentration of zinc bromide before hydroxyethyl cellulose is mixed with the salt solution.
Det er foretrukket at konsentrasjonen av sinkbromid er It is preferred that the concentration of zinc bromide is
<18% og konsentrasjonen av kalsiumklorid er <5(X-17)%, <18% and the concentration of calcium chloride is <5(X-17)%,
hvor X er % sinkbromid. where X is % zinc bromide.
Generelt fremstilles tunge saltoppløsninger ved sammenblanding av forskjellige standard kommersielt tilgjengelige saltoppløsninger som følger: Kalsiumkloridsaltoppløsninger med en densitet i området 1,32 - 1,39 kg/liter; kalsium-bromidsaltoppløsning med en densitet på 1,70 kg/liter; In general, heavy salt solutions are prepared by mixing different standard commercially available salt solutions as follows: Calcium chloride salt solutions with a density in the range 1.32 - 1.39 kg/litre; calcium bromide salt solution with a density of 1.70 kg/liter;
og en kalsiumbromid/sinkbromid-oppløsning med en densitet på 2,30 kg/liter inneholdende ca. 20% kalsiumbromid og ca. 57% sinkbromid. Fast kalsiumklorid og fast kalsiumbromid anvendes også i forbindelse med disse saltoppløsninger for å fremstille de tunge saltoppløsningene. Det er imidlertid foretrukket å benytte kun væskeformige oppløsninger for å formulere saltoppløsningene ved utførelse av foreliggende oppfinnelse. Standard tabeller for blanding og fremstilling av saltoppløsninger er tilgjengelige fra de forskjellige produsenter og leverandører av disse kommersielt tilgjengelige saltoppløsningene. and a calcium bromide/zinc bromide solution with a density of 2.30 kg/litre containing approx. 20% calcium bromide and approx. 57% zinc bromide. Solid calcium chloride and solid calcium bromide are also used in connection with these salt solutions to prepare the heavy salt solutions. However, it is preferred to use only liquid solutions to formulate the salt solutions when carrying out the present invention. Standard tables for mixing and preparing saline solutions are available from the various manufacturers and suppliers of these commercially available saline solutions.
HEC polymerene som er nyttige som væsketapsregulerende midler i foreliggende oppfinnelse, er faste, partikkel-formige materialer som er vannoppløselige eller vann-dispergerbare gummier, og som ved oppløsning eller disper-sjon i et vandig medium øker systemets viskositet. HEC-polymerer er generelt høyeffektive, vannoppløselige, ikke-ioniske materialer som fremstilles ved behandling av cellulose med natriumhydroksyd fulgt av omsetning med etylenoksyd. Hver anhydroglukose-enhet i cellulose-molekylet har tre reaktive hydroksygrupper. Det gjennomsnittlige antall mol etylenoksyd som blir festet til hver anhydroglukose-enhet i cellulose, betegnes mol bundet substituent. Det gjennomsnittlige antall hydroksylgrupper The HEC polymers which are useful as liquid loss control agents in the present invention are solid, particulate materials which are water-soluble or water-dispersible rubbers, and which upon dissolution or dispersion in an aqueous medium increase the viscosity of the system. HEC polymers are generally high-performance, water-soluble, nonionic materials that are prepared by treating cellulose with sodium hydroxide followed by reaction with ethylene oxide. Each anhydroglucose unit in the cellulose molecule has three reactive hydroxy groups. The average number of moles of ethylene oxide that is attached to each anhydroglucose unit in cellulose is called mole of bound substituent. The average number of hydroxyl groups
i hver anhydroglukose-enhet som har reagert med etylenoksyd, betegnes substitusjonsgrad. Generelt er det foretrukket å benytte HEC-polymerer som har en mol substitusjon på over 1. in each anhydroglucose unit that has reacted with ethylene oxide, the degree of substitution is indicated. In general, it is preferred to use HEC polymers that have a molar substitution of more than 1.
Ved tilsetning av tørr, pulverformig, hydrofil HEC- By adding dry, powdery, hydrophilic HEC-
polymer til vann gjennomgår polymerpartiklene vanligvis hydratisering og hindrer derved at det indre av partiklene lett hydratiseres, solvatiseres eller på annen måte dis-pergeres i den vandige medium. Følgelig må høy skjærpåvirkning, lange blandetider og/eller forhøyede tempera-turer anvendes for å oppnå et homogent system. polymer to water, the polymer particles usually undergo hydration and thereby prevent the interior of the particles from being easily hydrated, solvated or otherwise dispersed in the aqueous medium. Consequently, high shear, long mixing times and/or elevated temperatures must be used to achieve a homogeneous system.
Man har funnet at HEC og andre hydrofile polymerer kan aktiveres slik at polymerene vil gjøre tunge saltoppløsninger viskøse ved omgivelsestemperatur. Aktiverte HEC-sammensetninger og fremgangsmåter for aktivering av HEC er beskrevet i US patenter 4.330.414 og 4.392.964. Fremgangsmåter for aktivering av andre hydrofile polymerer er beskrevet i US patent 4.427.556. It has been found that HEC and other hydrophilic polymers can be activated so that the polymers will make heavy salt solutions viscous at ambient temperature. Activated HEC compositions and methods for activating HEC are described in US patents 4,330,414 and 4,392,964. Methods for activating other hydrophilic polymers are described in US patent 4,427,556.
Aktiverte HEC-sammensetninger omfatter: Activated HEC compositions include:
1. HEC, et solvatiseringsmiddel omfattende en vann-blandbar, polar, organisk væske som ved ensartet blanding med HEC i et vektforhold for HEC til solvatiseringsmiddel på 1:2 gir en blanding med vesentlig intet fritt væske-formig solvatiseringsmiddel til stede etter henstand i 1 uke ved omgivelsestemperatur i en forseglet beholder, og et fortynningsmiddel omfattende en organisk væske som ikke er et solvatiseringsmiddel; og 2) HEC, en vandig væske og en vannoppløselig polar, organisk væske som ved ensartet blanding med HEC i et vektforhold for HEC til polar, organisk væske på 1:2 gir en blanding med fri væske til stede etter hensetning i ro i 1 uke ved omgivelsestemperatur i en lukket beholder. Den vandige væsken har fortrinnsvis en pH-verdi på over 7,0. 1. HEC, a solvating agent comprising a water-miscible, polar, organic liquid which, when uniformly mixed with HEC at a weight ratio of HEC to solvating agent of 1:2, yields a mixture with substantially no free liquid solvating agent present after standing for 1 week at ambient temperature in a sealed container, and a diluent comprising an organic liquid which is not a solvating agent; and 2) HEC, an aqueous liquid and a water-soluble polar organic liquid which, when uniformly mixed with HEC at a weight ratio of HEC to polar organic liquid of 1:2, gives a mixture with free liquid present after standing at rest for 1 week at ambient temperature in a closed container. The aqueous liquid preferably has a pH value above 7.0.
Generelt har man funnet at praktisk talt hvilken som helst organisk forbindelse som tilfredsstiller den ovenfor beskrevne solvatiseringstest, i brukbar grad vil fungere som et solvatiseringsmiddel. Foretrukne solvatiseringsmidler inn-befatter: Alifatiske glykoler inneholdende 2-5 karbonatomer slik som etylenglykol, 1,2-propandiol, 1,4-butan-diol, 1,3-pentandiol og lignende; alkylentrioler inneholdende 2-6 karbonatomer slik som glycerol, 1,2,3-butan-triol, 1,2,3-pentantriol og lignende; amider inneholdende 1-4 karbonatomer slik som formamid, acetamid, dimetyl-fprmamid og lignende; og blandinger av forskjellige av de ovenfor angitte forbindelser. In general, it has been found that practically any organic compound which satisfies the above-described solvation test will function usefully as a solvation agent. Preferred solvating agents include: Aliphatic glycols containing 2-5 carbon atoms such as ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-pentanediol and the like; alkylene triols containing 2-6 carbon atoms such as glycerol, 1,2,3-butane-triol, 1,2,3-pentanetriol and the like; amides containing 1-4 carbon atoms such as formamide, acetamide, dimethylformamide and the like; and mixtures of various of the above compounds.
Fortynningsmiddelet vil generelt være en hvilken som helst flytende, organisk forbindelse eller materiale som ikke er et solvatiseringsmiddel. Generelt er fortynnings-midlene væsker som ikke i særlig grad sveller HEC-polymerene, dvs. de gir ikke halvfaste eller viskøse blandinger uten noen fri væske til stede etter 1 ukes solvatiseringsperiode som beskrevet i den ovenfor angitte test for bestemmelse av solvatiseringsmidler. Eksempler på fortynningsmidler inn-befatter væskeformige, alifatiske og aromatiske hydro-karboner inneholdende 5-10 karbonatomer; petroleum, diesel-olje, isopropan, alkylenglykoletere, vegetabilske oljer, The diluent will generally be any liquid organic compound or material that is not a solvating agent. In general, the diluents are liquids which do not significantly swell the HEC polymers, i.e. they do not give semi-solid or viscous mixtures without any free liquid present after a 1-week solvation period as described in the above-mentioned test for the determination of solvates. Examples of diluents include liquid, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons containing 5-10 carbon atoms; petroleum, diesel oil, isopropane, alkylene glycol ethers, vegetable oils,
osv. Spesielt foretrukne er organiske væsker som er vann-oppløselige eller -blandbare, mest foretrukket alkanoler med minst 3 karbonatomer, etylenglykolmonoalkyletere, dialkylenglykolmonoalkyletere og lignende. Fortynningsmiddelet vil opprettholde polymersammensetningen i en flytende, hellbar tilstand ved en temperatur på ca. 20°C. Det skal imidlertid forstås at mindre mengder fortynningsmiddel om ønsket kan benyttes, og at den endelige mengde fortynningsmiddel som benyttes, vil avhenge av typen av skjærpåvirkning som er tilgjengelig for dispergering av fortykningsmiddelet. Generelt er det funnet at ønskede fortykningsmidler, som er hellbare væsker, kan fremstilles fra blandinger inneholdende 10-25 vekt-% HEC-polymer, 70 vekt-% fortynningsmiddel, og 5 - 88% solvatiseringsmiddel. etc. Particularly preferred are organic liquids which are water-soluble or -miscible, most preferably alkanols with at least 3 carbon atoms, ethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, dialkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers and the like. The diluent will maintain the polymer composition in a liquid, pourable state at a temperature of approx. 20°C. However, it should be understood that smaller amounts of diluent can be used if desired, and that the final amount of diluent used will depend on the type of shear action available for dispersing the thickener. In general, it has been found that desired thickeners, which are pourable liquids, can be prepared from mixtures containing 10-25% by weight HEC polymer, 70% by weight diluent, and 5-88% solvating agent.
HEC er blitt tilsatt til tunge saltoppløsninger for å øke saltoppløsningens viskositet slik at graden av tap av saltoppløsning til formasjonen som kommer i kontakt med saltoppløsningen, reduseres. I fravær av brodannende partikler gir hydroksyetylcellulose normalt dårlig væsketapsregulering i de saltoppløsninger hvori HEC HEC has been added to heavy brines to increase the viscosity of the brine so that the rate of loss of brine to the formation contacting the brine is reduced. In the absence of bridging particles, hydroxyethyl cellulose normally provides poor fluid loss control in the salt solutions in which HEC
er fullstendig hydratisert. Se f.eks. US patent 4.420.406. is fully hydrated. See e.g. US Patent 4,420,406.
Som beskrevet i US patent 4.420.406 er det funnet at dersom konsentrasjonen av sinkbromid er 20 vekt-% eller mindre, så vil HEC ikke på effektiv måte geldanne saltoppløsningen eller gjøre den viskøs. Man har virkelig funnet at mens det er mulig å gjøre viskøs en saltoppløsning uten noe sink-bromidinnhold eller en saltoppløsning inneholdende en høy konsentrasjon av sinkbromid, med HEC, dersom de to for-tykkede oppløsningene sammenblandes for fremstilling av en oppløsning inneholdende sinkbromid i en konsentrasjon på 20 vekt-% eller mindre, så vil viskositeten til den blandede saltoppløsning vesentlig være den samme som om intet HEC var til stede. As described in US patent 4,420,406, it has been found that if the concentration of zinc bromide is 20% by weight or less, then HEC will not effectively gel the salt solution or make it viscous. Indeed, it has been found that while it is possible to viscose a saline solution with no zinc bromide content or a saline solution containing a high concentration of zinc bromide, with HEC, if the two thickened solutions are mixed to produce a solution containing zinc bromide at a concentration of 20% by weight or less, then the viscosity of the mixed salt solution will be substantially the same as if no HEC were present.
HEC virker i foreliggende oppfinnelse som et utmerket væsketapsregulerende additiv i visse tunge saltoppløsninger hvori HEC-materialet er et meget ineffektivt viskositetsgjørende middel. De HEC-holdige saltoppløsningene ifølge oppfinnelsen er uklare eller opake sammenlignet med de klare salt-oppløsningene som oppnås når HEC-materialet er fullstendig, eller nesten fullstendig, hydratisert. HEC-materialet er tydeligvis ikke fullstendig oppløseliggjort i disse salt-oppløsningene og således er i det minste en del av HEC-materialet tilgjengelig for å virke som et brodannende middel for å nedsette disse saltoppløsningers væsketap. In the present invention, HEC acts as an excellent liquid loss regulating additive in certain heavy salt solutions in which the HEC material is a very ineffective viscosifying agent. The HEC-containing salt solutions according to the invention are cloudy or opaque compared to the clear salt solutions obtained when the HEC material is completely, or almost completely, hydrated. The HEC material is clearly not completely solubilized in these salt solutions and thus at least part of the HEC material is available to act as a bridging agent to reduce the fluid loss of these salt solutions.
Ved en utførelse av foreliggende oppfinnelse er det foretrukket at HEC-materialet er aktivert slik at nevnte materiale vil hydratisere i disse tunge saltoppløsningene ved omgivelsestemperatur. In an embodiment of the present invention, it is preferred that the HEC material is activated so that said material will hydrate in these heavy salt solutions at ambient temperature.
Konsentrasjonen av HEC behøver bare å være tilstrekkelig til å redusere saltoppløsningens væsketap. Konsentrasjonen av HEC er som nevnt 0,71 - 14,27 kg/m <3>, mer foretrukket 0,71 3 The concentration of HEC need only be sufficient to reduce the salt solution's fluid loss. The concentration of HEC is, as mentioned, 0.71 - 14.27 kg/m <3>, more preferably 0.71 3
- 8,56 kg/m . - 8.56 kg/m .
For mer fullstendig å illustrere oppfinnelsen gis følgende eksempler. To more fully illustrate the invention, the following examples are given.
Eksempler Examples
Tunge saltoppløsninger med den i tabell 1 angitte sammensetning ble fremstilt ved sammenblanding av de angitte mengder av følgende materialer: En 2,30 kg/liter kalium-bromid/sinkbromid-oppløsning inneholdende 20% kalsiumbromid og 57% sinkbromid; en 1,70 kg/liter kalsiumbromid-oppløsning inneholdende 53% kalsiumbromid; en 1,39 kg/liter kalsiumkloridoppløsning inneholdende 37,6% kalsiumklorid; Heavy salt solutions with the composition indicated in Table 1 were prepared by mixing the indicated amounts of the following materials: A 2.30 kg/liter potassium bromide/zinc bromide solution containing 20% calcium bromide and 57% zinc bromide; a 1.70 kg/liter calcium bromide solution containing 53% calcium bromide; a 1.39 kg/liter calcium chloride solution containing 37.6% calcium chloride;
og kalsiumkloridpellets inneholdende 9 5% kalsiumklorid. Etter avkjøling til romtemperatur ble det tilsatt enten: 8,56 and calcium chloride pellets containing 95% calcium chloride. After cooling to room temperature, either: 8.56 was added
kg/m<3> "NATROSOL 250 HHR"-hydroksyetylcellulose; eller 8,56 kg/m<3> aktivert "NATROSOL 250 HHR" (dvs. 42,80 kg/m<3> av en sammensetning inneholdende 20% HEC, 25% glycerol, 54,6% isopropanol og 0,4% "CAB-O-SIL M5"). Deretter ble de tunge saltoppløsningene rullebehandlet i 16 timer ved romtemperatur og API RP 13B-reologien og væsketapet oppnådd. De tunge saltoppløsningene ble så rullebehandlet i 16 timer ved 65,6°C, avkjølt ved romtemperatur og API RP 13B-data igjen oppnådd. De oppnådde data er gitt i tabell 2. kg/m<3> "NATROSOL 250 HHR"-hydroxyethyl cellulose; or 8.56 kg/m<3> activated "NATROSOL 250 HHR" (ie 42.80 kg/m<3> of a composition containing 20% HEC, 25% glycerol, 54.6% isopropanol and 0.4% "CAB-O-SIL M5"). Then, the heavy salt solutions were roll-treated for 16 hours at room temperature and the API RP 13B rheology and liquid loss obtained. The heavy salt solutions were then roll treated for 16 hours at 65.6°C, cooled to room temperature and API RP 13B data again obtained. The data obtained are given in table 2.
Dataene indikerer at tunge saltoppløsninger inneholdende The data indicate that heavy salt solutions containing
HEC kan formuleres til å utvise et meget lavt API-væsketap forutsatt at prosentandelen av sinkbromid i saltoppløsningen er i området 16 - 20 vekt-%. % sinkbromid er fortrinnsvis området 18 - 20% og % kalsiumklorid er mindre enn ca. 5(X-17)%. I dette foretrukne område oppløseliggjøres HEC HEC can be formulated to exhibit a very low API liquid loss provided the percentage of zinc bromide in the brine is in the range of 16 - 20% by weight. % zinc bromide is preferably in the range 18 - 20% and % calcium chloride is less than approx. 5(X-17)%. In this preferred area, HEC is solubilized
i en slik grad at betydelig viskositet gis til den tunge saltoppløsningen. Dataene indikerer også at det er foretrukket å sløyfe eventuelt fast kalsiumklorid i den tunge saltoppløsning. to such an extent that considerable viscosity is imparted to the heavy salt solution. The data also indicate that it is preferred to loop any solid calcium chloride in the heavy salt solution.
For å oppnå væsketapsregulerende egenskaper hos saltoppløsnin-ger inneholdende 16 - 20 vekt-% sinkbromid er det nødvendig først å justere konsentrasjonen av sinkbromidet i 10 - 20%-området, og deretter tilsette HEC-materialet. Eksemplene 11 In order to achieve fluid loss-regulating properties in salt solutions containing 16 - 20% by weight zinc bromide, it is necessary to first adjust the concentration of the zinc bromide in the 10 - 20% range, and then add the HEC material. The examples 11
- 32 i tabellene 1 og 2 viser saltoppløsninger som inneholder 16 - 20% sinkbromid. Det skal påpekes at i alle disse eksemplene så utviser sammensetningene, etter at saltoppløsningen har blitt rullet i 16 timer ved 65,6°C, meget lavt væsketap med unntagelse for det tilfelle hvor fast kalsiumklorid har blitt tilsatt til saltoppløsningen. Det fremgår også fra - 32 in tables 1 and 2 show salt solutions containing 16 - 20% zinc bromide. It should be pointed out that in all these examples the compositions, after the salt solution has been rolled for 16 hours at 65.6°C, show very low liquid loss with the exception of the case where solid calcium chloride has been added to the salt solution. It also appears from
tabellene at dersom sinkbromid-konsentrasjonen er mindre enn 16%, så får man et stort væsketap, mens dersom saltoppløsningen inneholder mer enn ca. 20% sinkbromid, så blir væsketapet betydelig større. Det fremgår derfor at det oppnås et uventet resultat ved først å justere konsentrasjonen av sinkbromidet i 16 - 20%-området, og deretter tilsette HEC-materialet. the tables that if the zinc bromide concentration is less than 16%, then you get a large fluid loss, while if the salt solution contains more than approx. 20% zinc bromide, then the liquid loss becomes significantly greater. It therefore appears that an unexpected result is achieved by first adjusting the concentration of the zinc bromide in the 16 - 20% range, and then adding the HEC material.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US35730882A | 1982-03-11 | 1982-03-11 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO830789L NO830789L (en) | 1983-09-12 |
| NO159535B true NO159535B (en) | 1988-10-03 |
| NO159535C NO159535C (en) | 1989-01-11 |
Family
ID=23405081
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO830789A NO159535C (en) | 1982-03-11 | 1983-03-07 | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF HEAVY SALT SOLUTIONS CONTAINING FLUID LOSS REDUCING QUANTITIES OF HYDROXYTHYL CELLULOSE. |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58171471A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU553329B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8301153A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1202477A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3308214C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES8404377A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2523142B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2116230B (en) |
| HK (1) | HK13087A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE54289B1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN159877B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1194160B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8300898A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO159535C (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4496468A (en) * | 1982-03-29 | 1985-01-29 | Nl Industries, Inc. | Hydrated hydroxyethyl cellulose compositions |
| GB8428348D0 (en) * | 1984-11-09 | 1984-12-19 | Shell Int Research | Degrading of viscous microbial polysaccharide formulation |
| AU2003296906A1 (en) | 2002-09-12 | 2004-05-13 | M-I L.L.C. | Remediation treatment of sustained casing pressures (scp) in wells with top down surface injection of fluids and additives |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4304677A (en) * | 1978-09-05 | 1981-12-08 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method of servicing wellbores |
| US4330414A (en) * | 1980-02-08 | 1982-05-18 | Nl Industries, Inc. | Dispersible hydrophilic polymer compositions |
| US4392964A (en) * | 1980-05-05 | 1983-07-12 | Nl Industries, Inc. | Compositions and method for thickening aqueous brines |
| CA1168427A (en) * | 1980-08-08 | 1984-06-05 | Roy F. House | Method of producing a homogeneous viscous well servicing fluid within a borehole and well servicing fluid compositions |
| CA1168850A (en) * | 1980-09-23 | 1984-06-12 | Roy F. House | Suspension of hydrophilic polymer with an inorganic salt |
-
1983
- 1983-02-11 AU AU11336/83A patent/AU553329B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-02-16 GB GB08304212A patent/GB2116230B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-21 CA CA000422031A patent/CA1202477A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-23 IN IN222/CAL/83A patent/IN159877B/en unknown
- 1983-03-07 NO NO830789A patent/NO159535C/en unknown
- 1983-03-08 DE DE3308214A patent/DE3308214C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1983-03-08 BR BR8301153A patent/BR8301153A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-03-10 FR FR8303953A patent/FR2523142B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-03-10 ES ES520465A patent/ES8404377A1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-03-10 IE IE526/83A patent/IE54289B1/en unknown
- 1983-03-11 JP JP58039339A patent/JPS58171471A/en active Granted
- 1983-03-11 NL NL8300898A patent/NL8300898A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-03-11 IT IT20037/83A patent/IT1194160B/en active
-
1987
- 1987-02-12 HK HK130/87A patent/HK13087A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8304212D0 (en) | 1983-03-23 |
| GB2116230B (en) | 1985-10-16 |
| IE830526L (en) | 1983-09-11 |
| JPS58171471A (en) | 1983-10-08 |
| IE54289B1 (en) | 1989-08-16 |
| DE3308214A1 (en) | 1983-09-15 |
| IT1194160B (en) | 1988-09-14 |
| HK13087A (en) | 1987-02-20 |
| GB2116230A (en) | 1983-09-21 |
| CA1202477A (en) | 1986-04-01 |
| DE3308214C2 (en) | 1994-04-14 |
| ES520465A0 (en) | 1984-05-01 |
| NO159535C (en) | 1989-01-11 |
| NL8300898A (en) | 1983-10-03 |
| NO830789L (en) | 1983-09-12 |
| BR8301153A (en) | 1983-11-22 |
| IN159877B (en) | 1987-06-13 |
| AU1133683A (en) | 1983-09-15 |
| IT8320037A1 (en) | 1984-09-11 |
| FR2523142A1 (en) | 1983-09-16 |
| ES8404377A1 (en) | 1984-05-01 |
| FR2523142B1 (en) | 1988-05-13 |
| JPH0377835B2 (en) | 1991-12-11 |
| AU553329B2 (en) | 1986-07-10 |
| IT8320037A0 (en) | 1983-03-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| NO812926L (en) | DISPERSIBLE HYDROPHILE POLYMER COMPOSITIONS | |
| NO810352L (en) | DISPERSIBLE HYDROPHILE POLYMER COMPOSITIONS. | |
| US4496468A (en) | Hydrated hydroxyethyl cellulose compositions | |
| US6100222A (en) | High density, viscosified, aqueous compositions having superior stability under stress conditions | |
| NO155849B (en) | NON-Aqueous suspensions for use as a thickener AND USE THEREOF. | |
| NO317392B1 (en) | Process for breaking of stabilized viscosity controlled fluids | |
| NO174523B (en) | Procedure for temporary plugging of underground formations | |
| US4566976A (en) | Viscous heavy brines | |
| EP0289529B1 (en) | Viscosifiers for brines utilizing hydrophilic polymer-mineral oil systems | |
| US4420406A (en) | Thickened heavy brines | |
| US5919738A (en) | Fluids for use in drilling and completion operations comprising water insoluble colloidal complexes for improved rheology and filtration control | |
| NO812339L (en) | SALT WATER SUSPENSIONS AND WATER-REDUCING ADDITIVES FOR SUCH. | |
| NO159535B (en) | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF HEAVY SALT SOLUTIONS CONTAINING FLUID LOSS REDUCING QUANTITIES OF HYDROXYTHYL CELLULOSE. | |
| NO157541B (en) | VISCOE, HEAVY SALT SOLVENT FOR USE IN OIL DRILLING, AND PROCEDURE FOR INCREASING ITS VISCOSITY AND HYDRATIZATION SPEED. | |
| NO180731B (en) | A method of applying a liquid gel to a well drilled in the soil | |
| US5009798A (en) | Low fluid loss heavy brines containing hydroxyethyl cellulose | |
| US4758357A (en) | Dispersible hydrophilic polymer compositions for use in viscosifying heavy brines | |
| NO159101B (en) | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF A BURN TREATMENT LIQUID | |
| US4394273A (en) | Defoamers for aqueous liquids containing soluble zinc salts | |
| NO812494L (en) | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF A HOMOGENE, VISCED BROWN TREATMENT LIQUID IN A DRILL, AND COMPOSITIONS OF BROWN TREATMENT LIQUID | |
| CA1168850A (en) | Suspension of hydrophilic polymer with an inorganic salt | |
| CA1204586A (en) | Low fluid loss heavy brines containing hydroxyethyl cellulose | |
| NO161340B (en) | PROCEDURE AND MEASURES FOR REDUCING FLUID LOSS IN Aqueous BROWN CONTROL FLUIDS AND SUCH BROWN CONTROL FLUIDS. | |
| CA1189302A (en) | Activation of hydroxyethyl cellulose for use in heavy brines | |
| GB2121092A (en) | Thickened heavy brines |