NO138578B - INSTRUMENT TO USE DIRECT DETECTION OF NEISSERIA GONORRHEAE WITHOUT CULTURE - Google Patents
INSTRUMENT TO USE DIRECT DETECTION OF NEISSERIA GONORRHEAE WITHOUT CULTURE Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO138578B NO138578B NO3205/72A NO320572A NO138578B NO 138578 B NO138578 B NO 138578B NO 3205/72 A NO3205/72 A NO 3205/72A NO 320572 A NO320572 A NO 320572A NO 138578 B NO138578 B NO 138578B
- Authority
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- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- swab
- instrument
- sample
- phenylenediamine
- dimethyl
- Prior art date
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- 241000588652 Neisseria gonorrhoeae Species 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KBIWNQVZKHSHTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n,4-n-dimethylbenzene-1,4-diamine;oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O.CN(C)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 KBIWNQVZKHSHTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IAEDWDXMFDKWFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-azaniumylphenyl)-dimethylazanium;dichloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.CN(C)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 IAEDWDXMFDKWFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZHKAQNFBQHPERX-HNQUOIGGSA-N (e)-3-(furan-2-yl)prop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound N#C\C=C\C1=CC=CO1 ZHKAQNFBQHPERX-HNQUOIGGSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000004316 Oxidoreductases Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000854 Oxidoreductases Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- KTWNIUBGGFBRKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CN(C)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 KTWNIUBGGFBRKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 208000000143 urethritis Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 206010018612 Gonorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 208000001786 gonorrhea Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 210000000416 exudates and transudate Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000003748 differential diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000001635 urinary tract Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920004934 Dacron® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 206010046443 Urethral discharge Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000588653 Neisseria Species 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003708 urethra Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002485 urinary effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000032170 Congenital Abnormalities Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001517310 Eria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 201000005569 Gout Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004909 Moisturizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000005647 Mumps Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZORFPDSXLZWJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 BZORFPDSXLZWJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010029400 Nicotinic acid deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000002141 Pellagra Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010066892 Rectourethral fistula Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000191940 Staphylococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000224527 Trichomonas vaginalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000005799 Urinary Bladder Fistula Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010064921 Urinary tract inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000700647 Variola virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010047363 Vesical fistula Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006701 autoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000721 bacterilogical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000002479 balanitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002405 diagnostic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010013990 dysuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000028104 epidemic louse-borne typhus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003811 finger Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000006750 hematuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027866 inflammatory disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000027939 micturition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001333 moisturizer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000010805 mumps infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006395 oxidase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004986 phenylenediamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002307 prostate Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000007094 prostatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000008827 tuberculosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061393 typhus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000019206 urinary tract infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
- C12Q1/04—Determining presence or kind of microorganism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
- C12Q1/12—Nitrate to nitrite reducing bacteria
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5029—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures using swabs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B10/0096—Casings for storing test samples
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
- A61B10/0291—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy for uterus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B2010/0003—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements including means for analysis by an unskilled person
- A61B2010/0006—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements including means for analysis by an unskilled person involving a colour change
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
- B01L2200/10—Integrating sample preparation and analysis in single entity, e.g. lab-on-a-chip concept
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
- B01L2200/16—Reagents, handling or storing thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/06—Auxiliary integrated devices, integrated components
- B01L2300/069—Absorbents; Gels to retain a fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S435/00—Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
- Y10S435/81—Packaged device or kit
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S435/00—Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
- Y10S435/8215—Microorganisms
- Y10S435/822—Microorganisms using bacteria or actinomycetales
- Y10S435/871—Neisseria
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
- Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
- Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår et instrument til bruk The present invention relates to an instrument for use
ved direkte påvisning av Neisseria Gonorrhoeae uten dyrkning, by direct detection of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae without culture,
ved å fremkalle en intial distinkt fargeforandring på en vatt- by inducing an initial distinct color change on a wat-
pinne i instrumentet etter oppsamling av en prøve på denne. stick in the instrument after collecting a sample on it.
Det er kjent at det i USA og i mesteparten av verden It is known that in the United States and in most of the world
forøvrig foreligger en epidemi med henblikk på veneriske syk- moreover, there is an epidemic with regard to venereal diseases
dommer. I De Forente Stater alene har sykdommen nådd pande- judge. In the United States alone, the disease has reached pan-
miske dimensjoner. Det er anslått at kun 1/5 av tilfellene rapporteres og at kun 1/3 kommer frem til leger eller til de offentlige helsemyndigheter for behandling. Hvis det forelå different dimensions. It is estimated that only 1/5 of the cases are reported and that only 1/3 reach doctors or the public health authorities for treatment. If it was available
en enkel, hurtig og billig prøvemetode, ville dette understøtte påvisningen og kontrollen av denne sykdom. a simple, quick and cheap test method, this would support the detection and control of this disease.
Det vanlige kliniske tegn på en gonorrhoé-infeksjon hos mannen, er en materieutflod fra urinrøret og uringåpningen. En rutineundersøkelse er nødvendig for å foreta en differensial- The usual clinical sign of a gonorrhea infection in men is a discharge of material from the urethra and urethral orifice. A routine examination is necessary to make a differential
diagnose med henblikk på arten av utfloden før antibiotika kan foreskrives. Som en regel er den første prøven å bestemme diagnosis with regard to the nature of the discharge before antibiotics can be prescribed. As a rule, the first test is to decide
hvorvidt urinrørsbetennelsen skyldes gonokokker eller er av ikke-spesifikk art. whether the urethritis is caused by gonococci or is of a non-specific nature.
Fra US-PS 2.970.945 er det kjent å anvende en tørket From US-PS 2,970,945 it is known to use a dried
reagens i tabelttform samt et fuktemiddel for aktivering av reagensen ved undersøkelse av kliniske preparater for diagnose av Neisseria Gonorrhoeae. Som fargereagens anvendes derved et fenylendiamin. Fra US-PS 2.721.552 og US-PS 3.360.440 er det reagent in tablet form and a wetting agent for activating the reagent when examining clinical preparations for the diagnosis of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae. A phenylenediamine is used as a color reagent. From US-PS 2,721,552 and US-PS 3,360,440 it is
kjent innretninger som er bygget opp av en eller flere ikke-kommuniserende beholdere, hvorved en av beholderne inneholder en vandig- og den andre en tørr substans, som på egnet måte kan blandes med hverandre. Likeledes kan fra det sistnevnte patent, utleses en fremgangsmåte for undersøkelse av kliniske preparater for diagnoseformål. De kjente innretninger.har den known devices which are made up of one or more non-communicating containers, whereby one of the containers contains an aqueous and the other a dry substance, which can be mixed with each other in a suitable way. Likewise, a method for examining clinical preparations for diagnostic purposes can be read from the latter patent. The known devices have it
mangel at de ved rutineundersøkelser av de direkte tatte prøver deficiency that they during routine examinations of the directly taken samples
av eksudater i et mistenkelig tilfelle, ikke er enkle nok, slik at en hurtig og enkel differensialdiagnose ikke kan stilles. of exudates in a suspicious case, are not simple enough, so that a quick and simple differential diagnosis cannot be made.
Til slutt skal nevnes US-PS 3.450.129 som gjør bruk Finally, mention should be made of US-PS 3,450,129 which makes use
av en sprø beholder for transport av reagens til et laborator-' of a fragile container for transporting reagent to a laboratory
ium og tar sikte på å holde bakteriene i live inntil de kan dyrkes. ium and aims to keep the bacteria alive until they can be cultured.
Gjenstand for oppfinnelsen er derfor å frembringe et The object of the invention is therefore to produce a
system som anvendes direkte på pasienten, og som gir den behand-lende lege et differnsialdiagnoseverktøy som er tidsbesparende, billig og pålitelig. system that is applied directly to the patient, and which provides the attending physician with a differential diagnosis tool that is time-saving, cheap and reliable.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår således et instrument til The present invention thus relates to an instrument
bruk ved direkte påvisning av Neisseria Gonorrhoeae uten dyrkning ved å fremkalle en intial distinkt fargeforandring på en vatt- use in the direct detection of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae without culture by inducing an initial distinct color change on a swab
pinne i instrumentet etter oppsamling av en prøve på denne, og instrumentet karakteriseres ved at det omfatter en tørr bærer for en oksydaseprøvende reagens som er p-amino-dimetylanilinoksalat, N,N-dimetyl-p-fenylendiamin-dihydroklorid, N,N-dimety1-P-fenylendiaminoksalat, N,N,-dimetyl-p-fenylendiaminmonohydroklorid eller N,N,N', NHietrametyl-p-fenylendiamin-dihydroklorid, og en knus- stick in the instrument after collecting a sample on it, and the instrument is characterized in that it comprises a dry carrier for an oxidase testing reagent which is p-amino-dimethylaniline oxalate, N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride, N,N-dimethyl -P-phenylenediamine oxalate, N,N,-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine monohydrochloride or N,N,N',NHietramethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride, and a crush-
bar beholder for en aktiveringsvæske som består av vann, physiologisk saltløsning eller en bufferløsning med pH 6,5-7,2, begge deler som i og for seg kjent anbrakt i et fleksibelt rør med teleskopisk hette, samt en i og for seg kjent vattpinne beregnet for innføring av en prøve i det fleksible rør, idet det på vattpinnen inntrer en fargeforandring når prøven er innført og beholderen knuses. bare container for an activation liquid consisting of water, physiological salt solution or a buffer solution with a pH of 6.5-7.2, both of which are placed in a flexible tube with a telescopic cap, as well as a swab known per se intended for introducing a sample into the flexible tube, as a color change occurs on the swab when the sample is introduced and the container is crushed.
Som en bedømmelsesprøve på gonbrrhoé i offentlige klin- As an assessment test for gonorrhea in public clinics
ikker for veneriske sykdommer, hospitaler, legekontorer og i de væpnede.styrker, vil foreliggende innretning tjene som et billig og nøyaktig differensialdiagnosehjelpemiddel for å hjelpe legen eller klinikken med valget av legemiddelbehandling. not for venereal diseases, hospitals, doctor's offices and in the armed forces, the present device will serve as a cheap and accurate differential diagnosis aid to help the doctor or clinic with the choice of drug treatment.
Behovet for et enkelt og billig diagnosesystem, som kan benyttes i marken uavhengig av bakteriologiske og mikroskopiske prøver, The need for a simple and cheap diagnostic system, which can be used in the field independently of bacteriological and microscopic samples,
er således stort. En a<y> vanskelighetene ved å foreta en hurtig og pålitelig diagnose av infeksjonen hos mannen, er den opprinne-lige til forveksling foreliggende likhet med urinveisbetennelse. is thus large. One of the difficulties in making a quick and reliable diagnosis of the infection in the man is the initially confusing resemblance to urinary tract infection.
En urinveisutflod hos mannen kan forekomme som resultat av følgende andre tilfeller, prostatitis, trauma, Escherichia coli, staphylococcus, tuberculosis, balanitis, intatte stoffer som irriterer urinveiene, cantharades, vegetabilske stoffer som er rike på oksalater og andre som kan medføre urinveisbetennelser. Pellagra, diabetes og podagra er ansvarlig i enkelte tilfelle. Trichomonas vaginalis kan finnes hyppig ved abacterial urethritis. Entomoeba histolytica, som årsak til urethral utflod, finnes utelukkende ved nærvær av recto-urethral eller vesical fistula. Bilfarizia er en metozo som gir urethritis heller hyppig i endemiske områder. Slike systemiske sykdommer som tyfus, kusma, influensa og.kopper kan, hvis de er septicemiske, gi urethritis. A urinary discharge in men can occur as a result of the following other cases, prostatitis, trauma, Escherichia coli, staphylococcus, tuberculosis, balanitis, intact substances that irritate the urinary tract, cantharades, vegetable substances rich in oxalates and others that can cause urinary tract inflammation. Pellagra, diabetes and gout are responsible in some cases. Trichomonas vaginalis can be found frequently in abacterial urethritis. Entomoeba histolytica, as a cause of urethral discharge, is found exclusively in the presence of recto-urethral or vesical fistula. Bilfarizia is a metozoan that causes urethritis rather frequently in endemic areas. Such systemic diseases as typhus, mumps, influenza and smallpox can, if septicemic, produce urethritis.
Hos en stor prosentandel av individer med akutt eller kronisk urethral utflod er påvisning av neisseria ikke mulig, selv om det foreligger mistanke for en gonorrhoé-irifeksjon. Mange av disse behandles, som gonorrhoé-infeksjoner, og det-er kun hvis de er hårdnakkede etter flere terapeutiske behandlinger, at deres abakterielle art kan erkjennes. Etterfølgende grundig undersøkelse av hele den fremre og bakre uringang og øvre urintrakt kan tøpe at tegnene på betennelse er tilstede, med at. strukturell deformitet ikke er predisponert, og at videre etio-logiske organismer helt er fraværende. In a large percentage of individuals with acute or chronic urethral discharge, detection of neisseria is not possible, even if a gonorrheal infection is suspected. Many of these are treated, like gonorrhoeal infections, and it is only if they are obstinate after several therapeutic treatments that their abacterial nature can be recognized. Subsequent thorough examination of the entire anterior and posterior urethra and upper urinary tract can reveal that the signs of inflammation are present, with that. structural deformity is not predisposed, and that further etiological organisms are completely absent.
Det er anslått at 80% av ikke-spesifikk urethritis er. abakteriell. To former er fremherskende: den akutte type som minner om akutt gonorrhoé og den subakutte eller Walisiske type. Abakterielle pyuriske betingelser for prostata og den øvre urintrakt er kjent i lang tid, og leilighetsvis er urethritis for-bundet med symptomer som skyldes den øvre urintrakt. Den akutte abakterielle urethritis har vanligvis sin begynnelse 1-5 dager etter samleie. En voldsom materieutflod inntrer mens urinåp-ningen blir rød, og det inntrer ledsagende dysuria. At den bakre urinvei er betent, indikeres av hyppig vannlating, trykk og tilslutt hematuria. Det kliniske bilde er så likt det som opptrår. ved gonorrhoé, at det er forbløffende når neisseria ikke er påvisbar. Den differensielle diagnose av en urethral utflod beror på utelukkelse, av den urethritis som foreligger som gonorrhoé, som det første trinn etter utelukkelse av andre, bakterier, fremmedlegemer, trauma, lokale svulster og spesi-fikke betennelsessykdommer, sensitivitetsreaksjoner,. urethral bekreftelse av systemisk sykdom og angrep av protozor, metazor It is estimated that 80% of non-specific urethritis is. abacterial. Two forms are predominant: the acute type which resembles acute gonorrhea and the subacute or Welsh type. Abacterial pyuric conditions of the prostate and upper urinary tract have been known for a long time, and occasionally urethritis is associated with symptoms due to the upper urinary tract. Acute abacterial urethritis usually begins 1-5 days after intercourse. A violent discharge of matter occurs while the urinary opening becomes red, and accompanying dysuria occurs. That the posterior urinary tract is inflamed is indicated by frequent urination, pressure and finally hematuria. The clinical picture is so similar to what appears. in gonorrhea, that it is astonishing when Neisseria is not detectable. The differential diagnosis of a urethral discharge depends on the exclusion of the urethritis that presents as gonorrhea, as the first step after the exclusion of others, bacteria, foreign bodies, trauma, local tumors and specific inflammatory diseases, sensitivity reactions. urethral confirmation of systemic disease and attack by protozoa, metazoa
.og fungi. .and fungi.
Hovedgjenstanden for foreliggende oppfinnelse er, som The main object of the present invention is, as
nevnt ovenfor, å frembringe et instrument som vil påvise Neiss- mentioned above, to produce an instrument that will detect Neiss-
eria Gonorrhoeae hos mannen, uten bruk av dyrkning eller den klassiske gram-fargemetode, hvilke begge er tidskrevende og dyre å gjennomføre, og hvilke begge krever trenet personell og laboratorieutstyr. eria Gonorrhoeae in the man, without the use of culture or the classic gram stain method, both of which are time-consuming and expensive to perform, and which both require trained personnel and laboratory equipment.
Instrumentet ifølge oppfinnelsen omfatter, som nevnt, en bærer for en reagens fra gruppen oksydaseprøvende reagenser, The instrument according to the invention comprises, as mentioned, a carrier for a reagent from the group of oxidase testing reagents,
kjent som fenylendiaminer, og man benytter en reagens valgt blant følgende: p-aminodimetylanilinoksalat, N,N-dimety1-p-fenylendiamin-dihydroklorid, N,N-dimetyl-p-fenylendiaminoksalat, N,N-dimetyl-p-fenylendiamin-mono-hydroklorid og N,N,N',N'-tetrametyl-p-fenylendiamin-dihydroklorid. En bærer av et hvilket som helst egnet materiale, slik som dakronfiber, bomullsfiber eller et annet porøst materiale, impregneres eller mettes med en av disse reagenser under spesielle betingelser, som beskrives nedenfor, og tørkes deretter. Den forblir i tørr tilstand inntil den aktiveres med et fuktemiddel. known as phenylenediamines, and a reagent selected from the following is used: p-aminodimethylaniline oxalate, N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride, N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine oxalate, N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine-mono -hydrochloride and N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride. A support of any suitable material, such as dacron fiber, cotton fiber, or other porous material, is impregnated or saturated with one of these reagents under special conditions, described below, and then dried. It remains in a dry state until it is activated with a moisturizer.
Bæreren er en av hovedkomponentene i instrumentet ifølge oppfinnelsen, og den inneholder den reaktive kjemiske forbind- The carrier is one of the main components of the instrument according to the invention, and it contains the reactive chemical compound
else som er i stand til å identifisere gonokokker. I tørr tilstand vil bæreren forbli stabil og ha en lang levetid. En annen viktig komponent er fuktemidlet, som er adskilt fra bæreren ved at det inneholdes i en knusbar beholder. Når den knusbare beholder knuses, frigjøres fuktemidlet i den, og dette aktiverer reagensen på bæreren. Denne bringes etter at den er gjort følsom, i kontakt med prøven, på spissen av en vattpinne, reagerer med tilstedeværende gonokokker og forårsaker at prøven på vattpinnen, antar en karakteristisk farge, avhengig av den valgte reagens. else able to identify gonococci. In a dry state, the carrier will remain stable and have a long life. Another important component is the wetting agent, which is separated from the carrier by being contained in a breakable container. When the crushable container is crushed, the wetting agent in it is released, and this activates the reagent on the carrier. This, after being sensitized, is brought into contact with the sample on the tip of a swab, reacts with the gonococci present and causes the sample on the swab to assume a characteristic color, depending on the reagent chosen.
Bæreren er nær fargeløs av utseende og forårsaker ingen forstyrrende reaksjon da den Ikke reagerer kolorimetrisk. Fargeforandringen inntrer på prøven som er samlet på vattpinnen. Reaksjonstiden for å.indikere en positiv prøve, ligger vanlig- The carrier is almost colorless in appearance and causes no disturbing reaction as it does not react colorimetrically. The color change occurs on the sample collected on the swab. The reaction time to indicate a positive sample usually lies
vis innen området 30-120 sek. show within the range 30-120 sec.
Fuktemidlet i beholderen kan bestå av vann, fysiologisk The wetting agent in the container may consist of water, physiologically
salt, pH-bufferoppløsninger eller en hvilken som helst oppløsn-ing eller kombinasjon av oppløsninger som fremmer oksydasereak-sjonen eller gjør den følsom. Reguleringen av pH-verdien i salt, pH buffer solutions or any solution or combination of solutions which promotes the oxidase reaction or sensitizes it. The regulation of the pH value i
fuktemidlet er ønskelig for å forhindre autooksydasjon av reag-ensen på bæreren. Det foretrukne pH-område for fuktemidlet eir ' 6,5-7,2. For nærmere å illustrere fremgangsmåten til gjennom-føring av prøven ved bruk av de foran nevnte reagenser, henvises det til tegningen hvor: fig. 1 viser en type instrument som er egnet til bruk ved gjennomføring av fremgangsmåten til påvisning av Neisseria Gonorrhoeae, og den viser instrumentet før bruk i en prøve i the wetting agent is desirable to prevent autoxidation of the reagent on the support. The preferred pH range for the wetting agent is 6.5-7.2. To further illustrate the procedure for carrying out the test using the aforementioned reagents, reference is made to the drawing where: fig. 1 shows a type of instrument suitable for use in carrying out the method for the detection of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae, and it shows the instrument before use in a sample in
den form det selges, som et pakket system bestående av to hoved-, deler; og the form in which it is sold, as a packaged system consisting of two main parts; and
fig. 2 viser instrumentet som er. vist i fig. 1, etter at det har vært benyttet til en prøve. fig. 2 shows the instrument which is shown in fig. 1, after it has been used for a test.
Med nærmere henvisning til tegningene; som viser en type instrument til gjennomføring av fremgangsmåten, er 10^et før av transparent fleksibel plast i hvilket det er skjøvet inn en bærer 12 av bomull, som er imprégnert eller mettet med reagensen, og tørket. Bæreren er anbragt i en knusbar beholder 14, som er anbrakt i den lukke ende av røret, og en hette 16 er anbrakt over den åpne ende av røret, mens en steril vattpinne 18 med et plasthåndtak 20, som skal benyttes til oppsamling av en.prøve • With further reference to the drawings; which shows a type of instrument for carrying out the method, 10 is a former of transparent flexible plastic into which a support 12 of cotton is pushed, which is impregnated or saturated with the reagent and dried. The carrier is placed in a crushable container 14, which is placed in the closed end of the tube, and a cap 16 is placed over the open end of the tube, while a sterile swab 18 with a plastic handle 20, which is to be used for collecting a. sample •
av eksudatet, er forseglet i en separat steril konvolutt 22, of the exudate, is sealed in a separate sterile envelope 22,
og røret og konvolutten er pakket sammen i et omslag eller en annen egnet beholder som ikke er vist. Mens veggstrukturen i plastrøret er fleksibel, har røret tilstrekkelig stivhet til - vanligvis å holde en generell sylindrisk form og til å tillate lett innføring av vattpinnen etter at en prøve av eksudatet er tatt.. Beholderen inneholder et egnet fuktemiddel, slik som. beskrevet heri, og er tilstrekkelig sprø til. at den lett kan V. knuses når sidene av det fleksible rør presses innover mellom tommel og pekefiner, hvorved beholderen splintres slik at, væske-:-innholdet fukter materialet som er impregnert.Ti bæreren, tiyilkén"-;' vanligvis presses inn i fluidet og det knuste glass, når vattpinnen føres inn i røret. Når vattpinnen, som inneholder prøven, kommer i kontakt med bæreren, skjer øyeblikkelig - en - reaksjon mellom prøven på vattpinnen dg reagensen i bæreren, og, ;:>; " hvis gonokokker er tilstede, vil prøven på vattpinnen forandre '; farge, vanligvis til purpur, rødoransjé eller mørkegrå, avhengig av reagensen, som benyttes i bæreren, for således .å indikere en •_ . positiv prøve. Reaksjonstiden for å indikere én' pos-itiv prøve.,/,' ligger vanligvis innen området 30-120 sek..'; - v and the tube and envelope are packaged together in a wrapper or other suitable container not shown. While the wall structure of the plastic tube is flexible, the tube has sufficient rigidity to - usually maintain a general cylindrical shape and to allow easy insertion of the swab after a sample of the exudate is taken. The container contains a suitable wetting agent, such as. described herein, and is sufficiently brittle to that it can be easily V. crushed when the sides of the flexible tube are pressed inward between the thumb and the index finger, thereby shattering the container so that the liquid content moistens the material which is impregnated. usually pressed into the fluid and the broken glass, when the swab is introduced into the tube. When the swab, which contains the sample, comes into contact with the carrier, an instant - a - reaction takes place between the sample on the swab and the reagent in the carrier, and, ;:> ; " if gonococci are present, the swab sample will change '; color, usually to purple, red-orange or dark grey, depending on the reagent used in the carrier, thus indicating a •_ . positive sample. The reaction time to indicate one positive sample is usually in the range of 30-120 sec.; - v
Foretrukne bestanddeler av instrumentet ifølge oppfinnelsen illustreres nedenfor. Preferred components of the instrument according to the invention are illustrated below.
En 1%-ig oppløsning av N,N,N',N'-tetrametyl-p-fenylendiamin-dihydroklorid prepareres som følger: 1 gram av reagenser tilsettes til 35 ml destillert vann som er brakt til koking og deretter avkjølt. Oppløsningen bevirkes ved hurtig omrøring. A 1% solution of N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride is prepared as follows: 1 gram of reagents is added to 35 ml of distilled water which has been brought to a boil and then cooled. The solution is effected by rapid stirring.
64 ml etylalkohol ("Fisher A-407") tilsettes deretter og dette omrøres. Strimler av bomull "vebril", 19,05 mm brede og 508 mm lange, dyppes deretter en av gangen i oppløsningen, anbringes på en nylonsjikt i horisontal stilling og tillates å lufttørke. De tørre strimler skjæres deretter opp i stykker med en lengde 64 ml of ethyl alcohol ("Fisher A-407") is then added and this is stirred. Strips of cotton "vebril", 19.05 mm wide and 508 mm long, are then dipped one at a time in the solution, placed on a nylon sheet in a horizontal position and allowed to air dry. The dry strips are then cut into lengthwise pieces
på 14,29 mm. Dette er bærerne. of 14.29 mm. These are the carriers.
En fysiologisk saltoppløsning fremstilles ved å tilsette 85 gram natriumklorid til 99 ml destillert vann, og pH-verdien A physiological saline solution is prepared by adding 85 grams of sodium chloride to 99 ml of distilled water, and the pH
justeres til 7,0. Denne oppløsning blir fuktemidlet. Knusbare beholdere, som inneholder \ ml av denne oppløsning, fremstilles, da dette er den mengde som er nødvendig til helt å fukte en 19,05 mm bred og 14,29 mm lang bærer. adjusted to 7.0. This solution becomes the wetting agent. Crushable containers containing \ml of this solution are prepared, as this is the amount necessary to completely wet a 19.05 mm wide by 14.29 mm long carrier.
Beholderen, som har en omtrentlig diameter på 7 mm og en lengde på 35 mm, anbringes på bunnen av et fleksibelt glassrør med en innvendig diamter på omtrent 8 mm og en lengde på 160 mm. En bærer, som er fremstilt ved den ovenfor angitte teknikk, rulles opp og presses ned i røret slik at den kommer i kontakt med beholderen. En teleskophette med en J.engde på omtrent 65 mm, anbringes over. den åpne ende av plastrøret for å lukke systemet. En steril dakron-vattpinne, anbrakt på en plastikkpinne, med en lengde på omtrent 150 mm, pakkes sammen med reagens-systemet, og denne kombinasjon blir diagnoseinstrumentet. Denne vattpinne foreligger separat i sin egen sterile pergamynkonvolutt. The container, which has an approximate diameter of 7 mm and a length of 35 mm, is placed at the bottom of a flexible glass tube with an internal diameter of approximately 8 mm and a length of 160 mm. A carrier, which is produced by the above-mentioned technique, is rolled up and pressed down into the tube so that it comes into contact with the container. A telescopic hood with a length of approximately 65 mm is placed over it. the open end of the plastic tube to close the system. A sterile dacron swab, placed on a plastic stick, with a length of approximately 150 mm, is packed together with the reagent system, and this combination becomes the diagnostic instrument. This swab is available separately in its own sterile parchment envelope.
Den ovenfor angitte enkle pakning bestående av to enheter, er tilpasset salg gjennom vanlige farmasøytiske kanaler til leger, klinikker og hospitaler, og pakningen er umiddelbart til-gjengelig for en prøve, og hurtig diagnose av pasientens tilstand på stedet hvor prøven tas. Når en diagnoseprøve på gonorrhoé skal gjennomføres, åpnes pakningen, og den sterile vattpinne fjernes fra sitt omslag og en prøve av eksudatet samles på vattpinnens spiss. Den teleskopiske hette fjernes deretter fra plastrøret, og vattpinnen føres med spissen først inn i plast-røret. Teleskophetten settes deretter på igjen. Det fleksible . rør presses deretter der hvor beholderen ligger for å knuse denne og firgjøre inneholdet. Samtidig presses teleskophetten ned og tvinger den prøvebærende vattpinne i kontakt med bæreren. Dette tvinger også bæreren ned i fuktemidlet for å aktivere systemet. Prøven på vattpinnen blir purpurfarget i løpet av to minutter, hvis det er en positiv prøve på gonorrhoé. Vattpinnen kan trekkes ut fra bæreren omkring 2,5 cm for å lette avlesning av prøveresultatet, dvs. fargeforandringen som foregår i prøven på vattpinnen. Bruken av denne prøve gir derfor legen eller klinikken et hurtig og nøyaktig diagnoseverktøy idet første trinn i den differensielle diagnose. The above-mentioned simple package consisting of two units is suitable for sale through normal pharmaceutical channels to doctors, clinics and hospitals, and the package is immediately available for a sample, and rapid diagnosis of the patient's condition at the place where the sample is taken. When a diagnostic test for gonorrhea is to be carried out, the package is opened, the sterile swab is removed from its cover and a sample of the exudate is collected on the tip of the swab. The telescopic cap is then removed from the plastic tube, and the swab is inserted point first into the plastic tube. The telescopic cap is then put back on. The flexible. tubes are then pressed where the container is located to crush it and quadrate the contents. At the same time, the telescopic cap is pressed down and forces the sample-bearing swab into contact with the carrier. This also forces the wearer into the wetting agent to activate the system. The sample on the swab turns purple within two minutes, if there is a positive test for gonorrhea. The swab can be pulled out from the carrier about 2.5 cm to facilitate reading the test result, i.e. the color change that takes place in the sample on the swab. The use of this test therefore gives the doctor or clinic a quick and accurate diagnostic tool as the first step in the differential diagnosis.
For ytterligere å vise følsomheten i dette system og evnen til å påvise gonokokker nøyaktig på det sted hvor prøven samles på pinnen, gjentas den ovenfor angitte fremgangsmåte og en kultur av Neisseria Gonorrhoeae, benyttes som representativ for eksudatet i det foregående eksempel. I dette eksempel benyttes vattpinnen til å samle noen kolonier fra en petriskålkul-tur. Den samme fremgangsmåte gjennomføres med dette instrument. En distinkt purpurfarging av bakteriene på vattpinnen vil be-merkes i løpet av 1 min. Den nær fargeløse bærer og den hvite bakgrunn av dakron-vattpinnen gjør identifiseringen av organis-mene på vattpinnen klar og distinkt, akkurat som den vil gjøre med eksudatet direkte fra en pasient. To further demonstrate the sensitivity of this system and the ability to detect gonococci precisely at the point where the sample is collected on the swab, the above procedure is repeated and a culture of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae is used as representative of the exudate in the previous example. In this example, the swab is used to collect some colonies from a Petri dish culture. The same procedure is carried out with this instrument. A distinct purple staining of the bacteria on the swab will be noted within 1 min. The nearly colorless carrier and white background of the dacron swab makes identification of the organisms on the swab clear and distinct, just as it would be with the exudate directly from a patient.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US193739A US3876503A (en) | 1971-10-29 | 1971-10-29 | Method and instrument for the detection of neisseria gonorrheae without culture |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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NO138578B true NO138578B (en) | 1978-06-19 |
NO138578C NO138578C (en) | 1978-09-27 |
Family
ID=22714821
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO3205/72A NO138578C (en) | 1971-10-29 | 1972-09-08 | INSTRUMENT TO USE DIRECT DETECTION OF NEISSERIA GONORRHEAE WITHOUT CULTURE |
Country Status (9)
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US (1) | US3876503A (en) |
CA (1) | CA972267A (en) |
DK (1) | DK142823B (en) |
FI (1) | FI55266C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2158269B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1371417A (en) |
IT (1) | IT986857B (en) |
NO (1) | NO138578C (en) |
SE (1) | SE414410B (en) |
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US4067776A (en) * | 1975-11-25 | 1978-01-10 | Research Foundation Of Children's Hospital | Method for differential diagnosis of meningitis with a limulus lysate test |
US3968010A (en) * | 1975-12-08 | 1976-07-06 | Miles Laboratories, Inc. | Microbiological culturing method and means |
US4082614A (en) * | 1975-12-10 | 1978-04-04 | Bio-Syn, Inc. | Means for conveying pathological specimens safely to places of identification |
US4017420A (en) * | 1975-12-22 | 1977-04-12 | Smithkline Corporation | Stable oxidase reagent solutions |
US4108729A (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1978-08-22 | U.S. Packaging Corp. | Paper booklet for presumptive diagnosis of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae in the male |
US4223093A (en) * | 1978-08-25 | 1980-09-16 | Precision Dynamics Corporation | Culture collection and transport device |
US4196167A (en) * | 1978-12-26 | 1980-04-01 | California Medical Developments, Inc. | Drug detection device |
US4376634A (en) * | 1980-05-30 | 1983-03-15 | Mallinckrodt, Inc. | Assay kit having syringe, dilution device and reagents within sealed container |
US5264346A (en) * | 1991-06-03 | 1993-11-23 | Chen Kirk C S | Colorimetric method for beta-lactamase assay and its applications |
CN1352923A (en) * | 2000-11-15 | 2002-06-12 | 吴振东 | Composite cotton swab opened by folding it |
US7232681B2 (en) * | 2003-04-24 | 2007-06-19 | O'connell David | Personal cell sampling kit |
GB0808557D0 (en) | 2008-05-13 | 2008-06-18 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Sampling devices and methods of use |
US10240181B2 (en) | 2012-07-06 | 2019-03-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Apparatus and methods for detecting ATP in a liquid sample |
US10793890B2 (en) | 2012-07-06 | 2020-10-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Apparatus for detecting ATP in a liquid sample |
EP3442706A4 (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2020-02-19 | NextGen Jane, Inc. | Sample collection and preservation devices, systems and methods |
Family Cites Families (6)
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US3446596A (en) * | 1965-04-02 | 1969-05-27 | Mallinckrodt Chemical Works | Analytical package and method |
US3388043A (en) * | 1965-06-01 | 1968-06-11 | Nunc As | Bacteriological sampling set |
US3360440A (en) * | 1966-04-13 | 1967-12-26 | Haab Walter | Cold water reconstitutable microbiological medium, process for preparation and use, ad product |
US3689224A (en) * | 1966-04-13 | 1972-09-05 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Chemical contaminant detection sampler |
US3450129A (en) * | 1966-07-06 | 1969-06-17 | Medical Supply Co | Swabbing unit |
US3661717A (en) * | 1970-05-08 | 1972-05-09 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Unitary sterility indicator and method |
-
1971
- 1971-10-29 US US193739A patent/US3876503A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1972
- 1972-08-10 CA CA149,145A patent/CA972267A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-08-21 GB GB3882572A patent/GB1371417A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-09-04 DK DK436272AA patent/DK142823B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-09-08 NO NO3205/72A patent/NO138578C/en unknown
- 1972-10-09 FI FI2787/72A patent/FI55266C/en active
- 1972-10-12 IT IT30390/72A patent/IT986857B/en active
- 1972-10-25 FR FR7237807A patent/FR2158269B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-10-27 SE SE7213927A patent/SE414410B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR2158269A1 (en) | 1973-06-15 |
DK142823C (en) | 1981-09-21 |
GB1371417A (en) | 1974-10-23 |
FI55266B (en) | 1979-02-28 |
IT986857B (en) | 1975-01-30 |
DE2252957A1 (en) | 1973-05-03 |
FR2158269B1 (en) | 1977-01-14 |
CA972267A (en) | 1975-08-05 |
DE2252957B2 (en) | 1976-07-15 |
NO138578C (en) | 1978-09-27 |
US3876503A (en) | 1975-04-08 |
DK142823B (en) | 1981-02-02 |
FI55266C (en) | 1979-06-11 |
SE414410B (en) | 1980-07-28 |
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