NO132917B - - Google Patents
Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO132917B NO132917B NO722671A NO267172A NO132917B NO 132917 B NO132917 B NO 132917B NO 722671 A NO722671 A NO 722671A NO 267172 A NO267172 A NO 267172A NO 132917 B NO132917 B NO 132917B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- rectifier
- transformer
- cells
- specified
- wall
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 abstract 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D319/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D319/10—1,4-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,4-dioxanes
- C07D319/14—1,4-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,4-dioxanes condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D319/16—1,4-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,4-dioxanes condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with one six-membered ring
- C07D319/18—Ethylenedioxybenzenes, not substituted on the hetero ring
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Belt Conveyors (AREA)
Abstract
Transport- o.g sorteringsrem, særlig for reke-sorteringsmaskin.Transport and sorting belt, especially for shrimp sorting machine.
Description
Likeretteranlegg med enkrystall-halvlederceller. Rectifier system with single-crystal semiconductor cells.
Likeretteranlegg til gjennomførelse av Rectifier plant for implementation of
elektrokjemiske prosesser må være istan d til å levere meget sterke strømmer ved forholdsvis lave spenninger. Slike innret-ninger betegnes også som høystrøm-likeretteranlegg. For å oppnå en god virk-ningsgrad er det ønskelig å holde de induk-tive og ohmske motstander innenfor an-legget så små som mulig. Lengden av like-strømledningene blir i praksis bestemt ved den konstruktive oppbygning av vedkom-mende forbrukeranlegg. Men der er også mulighet for innenfor selve likeretteran-legget å holde lengden av trefase-lednin-gene så liten som mulig. electrochemical processes must be able to deliver very strong currents at relatively low voltages. Such devices are also referred to as high-current rectifier systems. In order to achieve a good degree of efficiency, it is desirable to keep the inductive and ohmic resistances within the system as small as possible. The length of the direct current cables is in practice determined by the constructive structure of the relevant consumer system. But there is also the possibility within the rectifier system itself to keep the length of the three-phase cables as small as possible.
Når man ikke tar hensyn til den strøm-fortrengning som opptrer ved de sterke strømmer, er det samlede trefasestrøm-skinnetverrsnitt, som f. eks. behøves ved stjernepunktkobling med sugekvelespole, When one does not take into account the current displacement that occurs with the strong currents, the overall three-phase current rail cross-section, which e.g. required for star point connection with suction choke coil,
1,73 ganger skinntverrsnittet for en like-strøm-pol. Ved brokobling stiger dette ma-terialbehov til det 2,45-dobbelte resp. det 3,46-dobbelte, dersom broavgreningen f. eks. er anbragt i transformatoren med den 1.73 times the rail cross section for a direct current pole. With bridging, this material requirement rises to the 2.45-fold resp. the 3.46-fold, if the bridge branch e.g. is placed in the transformer with it
magnetiske spenningsstyring over trans-duktorer. Av disse tall fremgår allerede av hensyn til kobbervekten kravet om minst mulig ledningslengde. magnetic voltage control over transducers. From these figures, due to the copper weight, the requirement for the smallest possible cable length is already apparent.
Man har tildels allerede løst denne oppgave ved å la de nødvendige selen-likerettere arbeide innenfor kapselen, altså under olje. Å anbringe likeretterelementene på et slikt utilgjengelig sted kan undertiden være tilladelig, fordi selenlikeretter-ne er selvhelbredende resp. i tilfellet av defekter i det minste beholder sin sperre-virkning. This task has already been partially solved by allowing the necessary selenium rectifiers to work inside the capsule, i.e. under oil. Placing the rectifier elements in such an inaccessible place can sometimes be permissible, because the selenium rectifiers are self-healing or in the case of defects at least retains its blocking effect.
I den senere tid har enkrystall-like-retterelementer på germanium- og silisium-basis rykket sterkt i forgrunnen, da de har mindre plassbehov og en høy virk-ningsgrad. I motsetning til de innlednings-vis nevnte selen-likerettere har disse nye halvlederceller imidlertid den egenskap at de ved defekter danner kortslutninger. Det betyr at det er uhensiktsmessig å la disse likerettere arbeide under olje i det indre av transformatorbeholderen, da mulighe-tene for utskiftning isåfall blir meget dår-lige. Det var derfor ønskelig å kombinere fordelene av en lett utskiftbarhet av likerettercellene og en mest mulig kort led-ningsføring. In recent times, single-crystal rectifier elements on a germanium and silicon basis have moved strongly to the fore, as they require less space and have a high degree of efficiency. However, in contrast to the selenium rectifiers mentioned at the outset, these new semiconductor cells have the property that they form short circuits in the event of defects. This means that it is inappropriate to allow these rectifiers to work under oil in the interior of the transformer container, as the possibilities for replacement will then be very poor. It was therefore desirable to combine the advantages of easy replaceability of the rectifier cells and the shortest possible wiring.
Ifølge oppfinnelsen blir dette oppnådd ved at likerettercellene er innsatt tettlukkende i åpninger i transformatorbeholderens vegg. Fig. 1 viser skjematisk et likeretteranlegg med transformator, særlig til forsyning av elektrokjemiske eller andre høy-strøm-forbrukere, hvis likeretterceller er anbragt løsbart på innsatsplater 2, som er forsynt med kjøleribber på baksiden og er innsatt slik i transformatorveggen at kjø-leribbene rager inn i transformatorens kjø-lemiddel, f. eks. olje. På innsatsplatene 2 festes likerettercellene 1 hensiktsmessig ved hjelp av gjengebolter, som skrues inn i ikke gjennomgående boringer i platene. Det er da mulig å skifte ut likeretterceller uten at transformatorbeholderen åpnes. Fig. 2 viser en likeretter-brokobling, hvor f. eks. minus-polen kan være forbun-det direkte med beholderen. Her er det riktignok nødvendig at avgreningsledning-ene 4 til den annen likerettergruppe føres ut isolert gjennom beholderveggen. De likeretterceller som fører til den positive pol, er for hver fase montert på en særskilt innsatsplate 5, som igjen er innsatt isolert i beholderveggen 3. Den strekpunk-terte linje skal på denne og de følgende figurer skjematisk antyde beholderveggen 3. Primærviklingene er i alle tilfeller sløy-fet, da de er uten betydning for forståel-sen av den foreliggende oppfinnelse. According to the invention, this is achieved by the rectifier cells being inserted tightly in openings in the wall of the transformer container. Fig. 1 schematically shows a rectifier system with a transformer, in particular for the supply of electrochemical or other high-current consumers, whose rectifier cells are placed releasably on insert plates 2, which are provided with cooling fins on the back and are inserted in the transformer wall in such a way that the cooling fins protrude into the transformer's coolant, e.g. oil. On the insert plates 2, the rectifier cells 1 are suitably attached by means of threaded bolts, which are screwed into non-through bores in the plates. It is then possible to replace rectifier cells without opening the transformer container. Fig. 2 shows a rectifier bridge connection, where e.g. the minus pole can be connected directly to the container. Here, it is admittedly necessary that the branch lines 4 to the second rectifier group are led out isolated through the container wall. The rectifier cells leading to the positive pole are for each phase mounted on a separate insert plate 5, which is again inserted isolated in the container wall 3. The dotted line in this and the following figures schematically indicates the container wall 3. The primary windings are in all cases omitted, as they are of no importance for the understanding of the present invention.
Fig. 3 viser likeledes en enkel brokobling, dog er der i motsetning til fig. 2 be-nyttet likeretterceller med motsatte gjen-nomslipningsretninger i de to grener av hver fase. Fordelen ved denne anordning består i at de av transformatorens lednin-ger som kommer fra avgreningspunkter, kan føres i transformatorens indre til likerettercellene 6 og 7, m.a.o., der behøves ingen gjennomføring i beholderveggen. En liten ulempe må sees i at disse likeretterceller på den negative side må bygges inn fasemessig adskilt på enkeltplater 8 og innbygges isolert fra hverandre i veggen av transformatorbeholderen. Fig. 3 likewise shows a simple bridge connection, however, in contrast to fig. 2 used rectifier cells with opposite grinding directions in the two branches of each phase. The advantage of this arrangement is that those of the transformer's wires that come from branch points can be led inside the transformer to the rectifier cells 6 and 7, respectively, where no passage is needed in the container wall. A small disadvantage must be seen in that these rectifier cells on the negative side must be built in phase-separated on individual plates 8 and built in isolated from each other in the wall of the transformer container.
Likerettercellene behøver imidlertid ikke alle å innsettes i en og samme be-holdervegg, de kan også være fordelt på However, the rectifier cells do not all need to be inserted in one and the same container wall, they can also be distributed
to eller flere vegger. Fig. 3a viser dette til-felle for den brokobling som allerede er nevnt i forbindelse med fig. 2 og 3. I elek-trisk henseende er denne kobling helt like-verdig med den på fig. 3, men den byr undertiden på konstruktive fordeler med hensyn til forbindelsene med et forbrukeranlegg. Fig. 4 viser skjematisk den kjente dobbeltstjernekobling med sugekvelespole 9 i den normale oppbygningsform. Hver likerettergruppe som tilhører en fase, befinner seg på en innsatsplate som er innsatt isolert i beholderveggen. Fig. 5 viser den samme elektriske kobling under anvendelse av likeretterceller med omvendt gjennomgangsretning. Denne kobling byr den fordel at samtlige likerettere er festet på en felles innsatsplate 10, så der dessuten er mulighet for even-tuelt å forbinde denne innsatsplate, som utgjør anleggets positive pol, ledende med beholderveggen og føre den negative pol isolert igjennom. Men det er også mulig å forbinde den negative pol med beholderen og feste innsatsplaten isolert. Til gjen-gjeld for disse fordeler har koblingen den ulempe at to ganger tre faseledninger 13 må føres isolert gjennom beholderveggen til likeretterne. two or more walls. Fig. 3a shows this case for the bridging connection already mentioned in connection with fig. 2 and 3. In electrical terms, this connection is completely equivalent to the one in fig. 3, but it sometimes offers constructive advantages with regard to the connections with a consumer plant. Fig. 4 schematically shows the known double star connection with suction choke coil 9 in its normal structural form. Each rectifier group belonging to a phase is located on an insert plate which is inserted isolated in the container wall. Fig. 5 shows the same electrical connection using rectifier cells with reverse feed direction. This connection offers the advantage that all rectifiers are attached to a common insert plate 10, so there is also the possibility of possibly connecting this insert plate, which constitutes the plant's positive pole, conductively with the container wall and passing the negative pole isolated through. But it is also possible to connect the negative pole to the container and fix the insert plate isolated. In return for these advantages, the connection has the disadvantage that two by three phase lines 13 must be routed isolated through the container wall to the rectifiers.
Fig. 6 viser et likeretteranlegg for sær- Fig. 6 shows a rectifier system for special
lig store effektverdier, hvor hver enkelt equally large power values, where each individual
fase befinner seg på en enkelt transforma-torkjerne og er anbragt i en særskilt beholder. Hva den elektriske kobling angår, så er der igjen vist en dobbeltstjernekobling med sugekvelespole, og hver enkelt-transformator har to isolerte innsatsplater 11. phase is located on a single transformer core and is housed in a separate container. As far as the electrical connection is concerned, a double star connection with suction choke coil is again shown, and each individual transformer has two insulated insert plates 11.
Fig. 7 viser en dobbeltstjernekobling med sugekvelespole 9 for forhøyet likespen-ning med dobbelte stjerneviklinger på hver side, samt tilhørende likerettere. Hver av de viste tolv innsatsplater 12 er festet isolert i transformatorbeholderen 3. Fig. 7 shows a double star connection with suction choke coil 9 for elevated direct voltage with double star windings on each side, as well as associated rectifiers. Each of the twelve insert plates 12 shown is fixed in isolation in the transformer container 3.
Den foreliggende omtale av forskjel-lige koblingsmuligheter gjør ikke krav på fullstendighet, idet man selvsagt kan velge hvilke som helst koblinger som er kjent for andre slags likerettere. The present description of various connection options does not claim to be complete, as one can of course choose any connections that are known for other types of rectifiers.
Dessuten er ytterligere konstruktive løsningsmuligheter gitt ved at en del av likerettercellene kan anordnes med gjen-nomslipningsretning fra transformatorens indre og utad og en annen del med gjen-nomslipningsretning utenfra til det indre av transformatoren. Furthermore, further constructive solution possibilities are provided by the fact that a part of the rectifier cells can be arranged with a through-grinding direction from the inside of the transformer outwards and another part with a through-grinding direction from the outside to the inside of the transformer.
Ved halvleder-likerettere er det vanlig With semiconductor rectifiers it is common
å koble kondensatorer eller RC-ledd paral-lelt med likerettercellene for å unngå util-ladelig høye spennings-spisser. Det kan være hensiktsmessig å forbinde disse deler med innsatsplater til et større byggeele-ment. to connect capacitors or RC links in parallel with the rectifier cells to avoid unacceptably high voltage peaks. It may be appropriate to connect these parts with insert plates to a larger building element.
I mange tilfeller vil det dessuten være fordelaktig også å forbinde de ved høy-strøm-likeretteranlegg nødvendige beskyt-telsesinnretninger, f. eks. spesielt hurtig-virkende lavspennings-sikringer eller kort-slutnings-organer, med innsatsplaten, eller i det minste feste dem i nærheten av denne på ytter- eller inner-vegger av transformatorbeholderen. In many cases, it will also be advantageous to also connect the protection devices required for high-current rectifier systems, e.g. especially fast-acting low-voltage fuses or short-circuit devices, with the insert plate, or at least fix them close to this on the outer or inner walls of the transformer container.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO267172A NO132917C (en) | 1972-07-26 | 1972-07-26 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO267172A NO132917C (en) | 1972-07-26 | 1972-07-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO132917B true NO132917B (en) | 1975-10-27 |
NO132917C NO132917C (en) | 1976-02-04 |
Family
ID=19879026
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO267172A NO132917C (en) | 1972-07-26 | 1972-07-26 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
NO (1) | NO132917C (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1988006495A1 (en) * | 1987-03-06 | 1988-09-07 | Seamac Handels- Og Ingeniørselskab A/S | Grading apparatus for shrimps or other products consisting of discrete objects |
WO1996041541A1 (en) * | 1995-06-09 | 1996-12-27 | Style - R.M. Magnusson | Grading machine and equipment |
US11203042B2 (en) | 2016-09-28 | 2021-12-21 | Style Ehf. | Adjustment mechanism for grading systems |
-
1972
- 1972-07-26 NO NO267172A patent/NO132917C/no unknown
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1988006495A1 (en) * | 1987-03-06 | 1988-09-07 | Seamac Handels- Og Ingeniørselskab A/S | Grading apparatus for shrimps or other products consisting of discrete objects |
WO1996041541A1 (en) * | 1995-06-09 | 1996-12-27 | Style - R.M. Magnusson | Grading machine and equipment |
GB2316636A (en) * | 1995-06-09 | 1998-03-04 | Style R M Magnusson | Grading machine and equipment |
GB2316636B (en) * | 1995-06-09 | 1999-08-25 | Style R M Magnusson | Grading machine and equipment |
US11203042B2 (en) | 2016-09-28 | 2021-12-21 | Style Ehf. | Adjustment mechanism for grading systems |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO132917C (en) | 1976-02-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
RU2592066C2 (en) | Dc power supply system with possibility of system protection | |
US10008856B2 (en) | Power system for offshore applications | |
US20120112545A1 (en) | M2LC System Coupled to a Rectifier System | |
NO153284B (en) | CATS FOR POST SURGICAL DRAINAGE. | |
US20200266629A1 (en) | Group of electrical ac generators with rectifiers connected in series | |
US11764583B2 (en) | Energy distribution system | |
US20170170663A1 (en) | Arrangement and installation for transmitting electric power with a reserve rectifier | |
US11356033B2 (en) | Modular multi-point converter with modular storage units | |
US20200287378A1 (en) | Array of electrical generator units | |
NO132917B (en) | ||
EP1529328B1 (en) | Electrical network for surface and submarine vessels for example naval ships and for offshore units | |
WO2017000224A1 (en) | Transformer-less static synchronous series compensator and protection method thereof | |
ES2906176T3 (en) | Phase compensation system | |
ES2918451T3 (en) | Electric power supply network and its operation | |
US3098963A (en) | Method and apparatus for controlling a direct current power source | |
US2932781A (en) | Semi-conductor protective means | |
DE1122178B (en) | Rectifier system with a high-current transformer housed in an oil tank and with single-crystal semiconductor cells | |
US2349611A (en) | Protection of polyphase impedance networks | |
US1779724A (en) | Electric protective arrangement for a. c. power circuits | |
BR112018003411B1 (en) | SUBMARINE ALTERNATING CURRENT POWER SUPPLY DEVICE AND SYSTEM | |
GB2568213A (en) | Grounding arrangement for a voltage source converter | |
US2322249A (en) | Electric circuit | |
SE457040B (en) | POWER STATION CONDUCTS TRANSFER OF HIGH-SPEED DC POWER | |
CN205846729U (en) | A kind of wiring construction of inverter | |
US946473A (en) | System of distribution. |