NO130754B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO130754B NO130754B NO01918/69A NO191869A NO130754B NO 130754 B NO130754 B NO 130754B NO 01918/69 A NO01918/69 A NO 01918/69A NO 191869 A NO191869 A NO 191869A NO 130754 B NO130754 B NO 130754B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- side wall
- forms
- axial
- curvature
- sidewall
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012611 container material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D1/00—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling
- B21D1/06—Removing local distortions
- B21D1/08—Removing local distortions of hollow bodies made from sheet metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D1/00—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F5/00—Means for displaying samples
- G09F5/02—Portable sample cases
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
- Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte ved eliminering av uønskede Procedure for eliminating undesirables
deformasjoner og spenninger i en prinsipielt deformations and stresses in a principle
sylindrisk sidevegg av en platemetallbeholder. cylindrical side wall of a sheet metal container.
Denne oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte ved eliminering This invention relates to a method by elimination
au uønskede deformasjoner og spenninger i en prinsipielt'sylind- au undesirable deformations and stresses in a principally'cylind-
risk sidevegg av en platemetallbeholder, eller en del av en sådan vegg, ved hjelp av radialt utvidbare og sammentrekkbare, innvend- risk side wall of a sheet metal container, or part of such a wall, by means of radially expandable and contractible, internal
ige former som samvirker med utvendige former. Sylindriske beholdere, såsom oljefat, trenger å rekondisjoneres eller overhales etter en tids bruk, hvilket består i at beholderens indre rengjøres og de deformerte deler av sylinderveggen befris for bulker. Under an-vendelsen blir denne type fat utsatt for store påkjenninger som bevirker deformasjoner som må elimineres, med ved den kjente fremgangsmåte ved hvilken der brukes indre og ytre formeverktøy, er det ikke mulig å få deformasjonene fullstendig eliminert, hvilket skyldes materialets egenskaper. Hensikten med oppfinnelsen er forms that interact with external forms. Cylindrical containers, such as oil drums, need to be reconditioned or overhauled after a period of use, which consists in cleaning the inside of the container and removing dents from the deformed parts of the cylinder wall. During use, this type of barrel is exposed to great stresses which cause deformations that must be eliminated, with the known method in which internal and external molding tools are used, it is not possible to have the deformations completely eliminated, which is due to the properties of the material. The purpose of the invention is
derfor å skaffe en fremgangsmåte ved hjelp au huilken rekondisjoner-ingen au deformerte, sylindriske beholdere kan foretas i-en så stor grad at de ikke kan skilles fra ..nye. therefore, obtaining a method by means of which the reconditioning of deformed, cylindrical containers can be carried out to such an extent that they cannot be distinguished from new ones.
Ifølge oppfinnelsen oppnåes dette ved at sideveggen eller en aksial sideveggdel ved hjelp av de radialt utvidbare og sammentrekkbare, innvendige former utvides i en sådan grad at flytegrensen for platematerialet i hele eller den aksiale sideveggdel overskrides, According to the invention, this is achieved by the side wall or an axial side wall part being expanded by means of the radially expandable and contractible internal forms to such an extent that the yield strength of the plate material is exceeded in the whole or the axial side wall part,
og at sideveggen eller den aksiale sideueggdel derpå presses sammen eller krympes ved hjelp av de ytre former under samtidig understøt-telse av sideveggen eller den aksiale sideveggdel ved hjelp av de innvendige former som presses innad av de utvendige former for å inneslutte sideueggens eller den aksiale sidéueggdels platemateriale mellom de utvendige og innvendige- former og for å unngå at der under sammenpressingen finner sted en bøyning av materialet, hvilken sammenpressingsoperas jon stanses så snart flytegrensen for hele eller den aksiale sideveggdels krumningsradius er så meget mindre enn den opprinnelige krumningsradius at sideveggen eller sideveggdelen praktisk talt vil anta sin opprinnelige krumningsradius under tilbakefjæringen av materialet. Som følge av at ikke bare de deformerte partier av sideveggen eller sideveggdelen blir strukket, men hele området må passere flytegrensen to ganger, først ved ut-videlse og deretter ved krymping eller stuking, og som følge av at passeringen av flytegrensen under det annet trinn av behandlingen utføres i en sådan utstrekning at sylinderveggen antar sin opprinnelige diameter etter at formedelenes virkning er bragt til opphør, er det m.ulig å få fjernet alle deformasjoner fullstendig uten at der etterlates noen merker. and that the side wall or the axial side wall part is then pressed together or shrunk by means of the outer forms while simultaneously supporting the side wall or the axial side wall part by means of the internal forms which are pressed inwards by the external forms to enclose the side wall or the axial side wall part plate material between the external and internal forms and to avoid bending of the material during the compression, which compression operation is stopped as soon as the yield strength of the whole or the axial side wall part's radius of curvature is so much smaller than the original radius of curvature that the side wall or the side wall part practically spoken will assume its original radius of curvature during the rebound of the material. As a result of the fact that not only the deformed parts of the sidewall or sidewall part are stretched, but the entire area must pass the yield point twice, first by expansion and then by shrinkage or buckling, and as a result of the passing of the yield point during the second stage of the treatment is carried out to such an extent that the cylinder wall assumes its original diameter after the effect of the mold parts has been brought to an end, it is possible to remove all deformations completely without leaving any marks.
Fra US-PS. 2 292 054 er det kjent å fremstille en felg aller lignende av et sylindrisk emne av platemetall ved at emnet først utvides og deretter kontraheres. Emnet utvides først til stor diameter og formes samtidig, hvoretter det kontraheres til sin ende-lige form og diameter som avviker fra emnets opprinnelige diameter. Selv om materialets flytegrense passeres ved denne kjente fremgangsmåte, gir patentet ingen anvisning når det gjelder rekondi-sjonering eller overhaling av en deformert beholdervegg. From USPS. 2 292 054 it is known to produce a very similar rim from a cylindrical blank of sheet metal by first expanding and then contracting the blank. The blank is first expanded to a large diameter and shaped at the same time, after which it contracts to its final shape and diameter which deviates from the original diameter of the blank. Even if the material's yield point is passed by this known method, the patent does not give any instructions regarding the reconditioning or overhaul of a deformed container wall.
Oppfinnelsen skal nu forklares videre under henvisning til tegningene, hvis fig. 1 viser et diagram av spennings-forlengelsen til forklaring au oppfinnelsens prinsipp og fig. 2 uiser en ut-førelse au et apparat for anvendelse ved fremgangsmåtens utførelse. The invention will now be explained further with reference to the drawings, whose fig. 1 shows a diagram of the voltage extension to explain the principle of the invention and fig. 2 shows an embodiment and an apparatus for use in carrying out the method.
På diagrammet i fig. 1 er spenningen av/satt på den vertikale akse og forlengelsen på den horisontale akse. Det forutsettes at en sylindrisk sideveggdel med en utad utvidet bulk skal repareres. Under ekspandering vil den ubeskadigede eller ubulkede veggdel for-lenges fra punkt 1 (origo) i diagrammet etter linjen a. Ved 2 passeres fly..tegrensen og deformasjon foregår deretter etter linjaib, f.eks. opp til punkt 3. On the diagram in fig. 1 is the tension on/off on the vertical axis and the extension on the horizontal axis. It is assumed that a cylindrical side wall part with an outwardly extended dent is to be repaired. During expansion, the undamaged or unbulked wall part will be extended from point 1 (origin) in the diagram along line a. At 2, the plane limit is passed and deformation then takes place along line a, e.g. up to point 3.
Den elastiske deformasjon av den bulkede del begynner noe senere ved punkt 4 og følger linjen c opp til punkt 5, hvoretter den videre deformasjon foregår etter linjen d til punkt 6. Hvis den kraft som bevirker utvidelsen, deretter fjernes, vil materialet fjære tilbake etter linjene e og f og nå punktene 7 og 8 som viser en gjenværende deformasjon, således at den opprinnelige deformasjon fremdeles er synlig. Hvis nå klemkjevene føres i den motsatte ret-ning for å redusere diameteren, skjer dette ifølge diagrammet fra punktene 7 og 8 etter linjene g hhv. h til punktene 9 og 10, hvoretter videre deformasjon vil følge linjene i og k. Denne reduksjon fortsetter til punktene 11 og 12, og hvis de deformerende krefter deretter fjernes, vil materialet fjære tilbake etter linjene 1 og m med linjen 1 endende i punkt 1 og linjen m meget nær dette punkt, således at den opprinnelige bulk ikke eller praktisk talt ikke lenger kan sees. The elastic deformation of the dented part begins somewhat later at point 4 and follows line c up to point 5, after which further deformation takes place along line d to point 6. If the force causing the expansion is then removed, the material will spring back along the lines e and f and now points 7 and 8 which show a residual deformation, so that the original deformation is still visible. If the clamping jaws are now moved in the opposite direction to reduce the diameter, this takes place according to the diagram from points 7 and 8 along the lines g or h to points 9 and 10, after which further deformation will follow lines i and k. This reduction continues to points 11 and 12, and if the deforming forces are then removed, the material will spring back along lines 1 and m with line 1 ending at point 1 and the line m very close to this point, so that the original bulk cannot or practically can no longer be seen.
Skulle denne operasjon vise seg å være utilstrekkelig, er Should this operation prove insufficient, is
det tilstrekkelig å gjenta den for å oppnå en fullstendig fjern-else av bulkene. it is sufficient to repeat it to achieve a complete removal of the dents.
Det vil være klar at også asymmetriske spenninger i materialet vil bli utjevnet under de nevnte operasjoner og at det ved hjelp av fremgangsmåten er mulig å gjenopprette den opprinnelige form og de opprinnelige dimensjoner. It will be clear that asymmetric stresses in the material will also be equalized during the aforementioned operations and that with the help of the method it is possible to restore the original shape and the original dimensions.
Fig. 2 viser et apparat for fremgangsmåtens utførelse. Fig. 2 shows an apparatus for carrying out the method.
Apparatet omfatter en underdel 1 og en overdel 2 og en mellom disse anbragt sylindrisk kapsel 3. Over-og underdelen er videre forbundet ved strekkstenger 4 omgitt av rør 5 som tjener som av-standselementer.. En hydraulisk sylinder 7 er understøttet av strekkstenger 6 og dens stempelstang 8 bærer en konisk del 9 sot samvirker med et antall radialt bevegelige segmenter eller klem-kjever 10 som føres oppad når stempelstangen 8 med den koniske del løftes; segmentene 10 vender tilbake til sireooprinneiige stil-linger ved hjelp av f.eks. ikke viste sirkulære fjærer som om- The apparatus comprises a lower part 1 and an upper part 2 and a cylindrical capsule 3 placed between these. The upper and lower parts are further connected by tension rods 4 surrounded by pipes 5 which serve as spacers. A hydraulic cylinder 7 is supported by tension rods 6 and its piston rod 8 carries a conical part 9 which cooperates with a number of radially movable segments or clamping jaws 10 which are guided upwards when the piston rod 8 with the conical part is lifted; the segments 10 return to their original positions by means of e.g. did not show circular springs as if-
slutter segmentene, såsom ved sporet 11. ends the segments, such as at track 11.
Oyerdelen 2 bærer videre et antall hydrauliske sylindre 12, The Oyer part 2 further carries a number of hydraulic cylinders 12,
hvis stempelstenger er forbundet med en ringformet del 13 med et sylindrisk skjørt 14 som omgir en hul konisk del 15, hvis indre, overflate 16 samvirker med et antall radialt innad bevegelige segmenter 17. Ved sine motstående kanter er segmentene 10 og 17 ut- whose piston rods are connected by an annular part 13 with a cylindrical skirt 14 surrounding a hollow conical part 15, the inner surface 16 of which cooperates with a number of radially inwardly movable segments 17. At their opposite edges, the segments 10 and 17 are out-
styrt med foringer 18 og 19, hvis profil svarer til det indre'hhv. guided with liners 18 and 19, whose profile corresponds to the inner'respectively.
det ytre profil av beholderen som skal behandles. Segmentene 17 the outer profile of the container to be treated. The segments 17
er ført gjennom slisser i den sylindriske del 3. is passed through slots in the cylindrical part 3.
Når en operasjon skal påbegynnes, inntar segmentene 10 og 17 When an operation is to be started, segments 10 and 17 occupy
sin tilbaketrukne stilling som tillater innføringen av en beholder som skal behandles. Deretter ekspanderes segmentene 10 ved at den koniske del 9 trekkes oppad, hvilken ekspansjon fortsettes så lenge som nødvendig for at beholdermaterialets flytegrense skal passeres i tilstrekkelig grad. Deretter presses segmentene 17 innad ved at den koniske del 15 senkes ved hjelp av sylindrene 12, og såsnart beholderveggen er blitt tilstrekkelig fastklemt mellom segmentene 10 og 17, reguleres trykket i sylinderen 7, således at segmentene its retracted position which allows the introduction of a container to be treated. The segments 10 are then expanded by pulling the conical part 9 upwards, which expansion is continued for as long as necessary for the yield point of the container material to be passed to a sufficient extent. The segments 17 are then pressed in by the conical part 15 being lowered by means of the cylinders 12, and as soon as the container wall has been sufficiently clamped between the segments 10 and 17, the pressure in the cylinder 7 is regulated, so that the segments
10 kan presses innad og platematerialet fastklemmes mellom segment- 10 can be pressed in and the plate material clamped between segments
ene for å unngå at materialet skal bulke innad. Ved slutten av operasjonen føres segmentene tilbake til sine utgangsstiIlinger, hvoretter den reparerte beholder kan tas ut. one to prevent the material from denting inwards. At the end of the operation, the segments are returned to their starting positions, after which the repaired container can be removed.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB22931/68A GB1204736A (en) | 1968-05-14 | 1968-05-14 | Method of and apparatus for reducing asymmetrical stresses in a generally cylindrical sheet metal side wall of a container of such a side wall |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO130754B true NO130754B (en) | 1974-10-28 |
NO130754C NO130754C (en) | 1975-02-05 |
Family
ID=10187376
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO1918/69A NO130754C (en) | 1968-05-14 | 1969-05-09 |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3581546A (en) |
AT (1) | AT298954B (en) |
BE (1) | BE733079A (en) |
BR (1) | BR6908825D0 (en) |
CH (1) | CH490904A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1924716C3 (en) |
ES (2) | ES367178A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2008472A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1204736A (en) |
IE (1) | IE33454B1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL7305621A (en) |
NO (1) | NO130754C (en) |
SE (1) | SE391464B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6045013B2 (en) * | 1978-08-07 | 1985-10-07 | 株式会社日立製作所 | How to straighten the tube end into a perfect circle |
BR8804178A (en) * | 1988-08-09 | 1990-01-02 | Antonio Henrique Kramer | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CAN BODIES BY STRETCHING, WITH EXPANSION OF THE DIAMETER AND REDUCING THE PLATE THICKNESS, FROM A CYLINDRICAL TIN BODY, SMALLER DIAMETER, MADE IN HIGHER THICKNESS PLATE |
US5595086A (en) * | 1994-08-02 | 1997-01-21 | Aluminum Company Of America | Apparatus for calibrating hollow nonsymmetrical multiplane extrusions and associated method |
US5826457A (en) * | 1997-07-11 | 1998-10-27 | Eagles; Allen S. | Wheel for mandrel of pipe straightening presses |
US6338189B1 (en) | 1999-10-07 | 2002-01-15 | Allison Engine Company, Inc. | Method and apparatus for expansion forming a workpiece using an external deformable supporting fixture |
US7475583B2 (en) * | 2006-02-01 | 2009-01-13 | State Pipe & Supply, Inc. | Method for repairing metal pipe |
CN114011964B (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2024-06-18 | 江苏新天宝机械有限公司 | Automatic core-expanding flanging die |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2461839A (en) * | 1949-02-15 | Device for eestoking to shape the | ||
US373743A (en) * | 1887-11-22 | William kent | ||
US2931416A (en) * | 1958-05-20 | 1960-04-05 | Krise Otis | Milk case straightener |
-
1968
- 1968-05-14 GB GB22931/68A patent/GB1204736A/en not_active Expired
-
1969
- 1969-05-06 SE SE6906402A patent/SE391464B/en unknown
- 1969-05-07 US US822614A patent/US3581546A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1969-05-08 IE IE653/69A patent/IE33454B1/en unknown
- 1969-05-09 NO NO1918/69A patent/NO130754C/no unknown
- 1969-05-12 FR FR6915242A patent/FR2008472A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1969-05-13 ES ES367178A patent/ES367178A1/en not_active Expired
- 1969-05-14 BR BR208825/69A patent/BR6908825D0/en unknown
- 1969-05-14 BE BE733079D patent/BE733079A/xx unknown
- 1969-05-14 DE DE1924716A patent/DE1924716C3/en not_active Expired
- 1969-05-14 AT AT464669A patent/AT298954B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-05-14 CH CH737169A patent/CH490904A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-06-19 ES ES368571A patent/ES368571A1/en not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-04-19 NL NL7305621A patent/NL7305621A/xx unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES368571A1 (en) | 1971-05-01 |
US3581546A (en) | 1971-06-01 |
FR2008472A1 (en) | 1970-01-23 |
ES367178A1 (en) | 1971-04-01 |
CH490904A (en) | 1970-05-31 |
SE391464B (en) | 1977-02-21 |
GB1204736A (en) | 1970-09-09 |
IE33454B1 (en) | 1974-07-10 |
BE733079A (en) | 1969-11-14 |
DE1924716C3 (en) | 1979-08-09 |
NO130754C (en) | 1975-02-05 |
AT298954B (en) | 1972-05-25 |
DE1924716A1 (en) | 1969-11-27 |
IE33454L (en) | 1969-11-14 |
NL7305621A (en) | 1973-07-25 |
DE1924716B2 (en) | 1978-11-30 |
BR6908825D0 (en) | 1973-01-02 |
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