NO124457B - - Google Patents

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Publication number
NO124457B
NO124457B NO167954A NO16795467A NO124457B NO 124457 B NO124457 B NO 124457B NO 167954 A NO167954 A NO 167954A NO 16795467 A NO16795467 A NO 16795467A NO 124457 B NO124457 B NO 124457B
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
adhesive
polyvinyl butyral
ammonium
adhesive according
amount
Prior art date
Application number
NO167954A
Other languages
Norwegian (no)
Inventor
Karl Gunnar Rune Soederstroem
Original Assignee
Karl Gunnar Rune Soederstroem
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SE05987/66A external-priority patent/SE337952B/xx
Priority claimed from SE04510/67A external-priority patent/SE357636B/xx
Application filed by Karl Gunnar Rune Soederstroem filed Critical Karl Gunnar Rune Soederstroem
Publication of NO124457B publication Critical patent/NO124457B/no

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07DHANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/20Testing patterns thereon
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07DHANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/06Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
    • G07D7/12Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07DHANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/16Testing the dimensions
    • G07D7/164Thickness

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Description

Klebemiddel. Adhesive.

Oppfinnelsen vedrører sammensetnin-gen av et klebemiddel og kitt som inneholder polyvinylbutyral. The invention relates to the composition of an adhesive and putty containing polyvinyl butyral.

Med polyvinylbutyral forstås her polyvinylalkohol i hvilken en stor del av hydroksylgruppene, som regel 50 til 90 % av disse, er sperret ved reaksjon med butyl-aldehyd. By polyvinyl butyral is meant here polyvinyl alcohol in which a large part of the hydroxyl groups, usually 50 to 90% of these, are blocked by reaction with butyl aldehyde.

Det er kjent at polyvinylalkohol og modi-fisert polyvinylalkohol herdes ved innvirk-ning av bromsalter, kromater og bi-kromater, samt videre ved aluminium- og zirkoniumsalter. Derved blir fremdeles frie hydroksylgrupper bundet, og vannbestan-digheten blir bedre. It is known that polyvinyl alcohol and modified polyvinyl alcohol are hardened by the action of bromine salts, chromates and bichromates, as well as further by aluminum and zirconium salts. Thereby, free hydroxyl groups are still bound, and water resistance is improved.

Det har vist seg at denne vannbestan-dighet fremdeles ikke er tilstrekkelig for mange anvendelser. It has been shown that this water resistance is still not sufficient for many applications.

I henhold til oppfinnelsen blir en videre bedring av bestandigheten mot fuktighet og salter oppnådd derved at polyvinylbutyral kombineres med ammoniumkromat og/eller ammoniumbikromat for herdning og med et kobbersalt for aktivering av herd-ningsreaksjonen. Mengdene av ammoniumkromat og/eller ammoniumbikromat kan utgjøre 20 til 60 % av den anvendte vekts-mengde polyvinylbutyral. Som kobbersalt kan man f. eks. anvende kobbersulfat, kobberklorid eller kobbernitrat. Egnede mengder av disse er 1—6 % av butyral-mengden. According to the invention, a further improvement in the resistance to moisture and salts is achieved by combining polyvinyl butyral with ammonium chromate and/or ammonium bichromate for curing and with a copper salt for activating the curing reaction. The amounts of ammonium chromate and/or ammonium bichromate can amount to 20 to 60% of the weight amount of polyvinyl butyral used. As a copper salt, you can e.g. use copper sulphate, copper chloride or copper nitrate. Suitable amounts of these are 1-6% of the butyral amount.

Da polyvinylbutyral i og for seg ofte ikke er egnet til mange høyverdige klebe-forbindelser med glass, metall og fenol-aldehydkondensater, på grunn av en for liten varmebestandighet, anvender man fortrinsvis blandinger av polyvinylbutyral med andre klebemidler. Ved en foretrukken utførelsesform av oppfinnelsen anvendes det et termisk herdnende klebemiddel hvis hovedbestanddel består av et herdbart f enolaldehydkondensat, som er blandet med et klebemiddel av polyvinylbutyral, ammoniumbikromat og et kobbersalt. Since polyvinyl butyral in and of itself is often not suitable for many high-quality adhesive compounds with glass, metal and phenol-aldehyde condensates, due to insufficient heat resistance, mixtures of polyvinyl butyral with other adhesives are preferably used. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a thermally hardening adhesive is used whose main component consists of a hardenable phenolaldehyde condensate, which is mixed with an adhesive of polyvinyl butyral, ammonium bichromate and a copper salt.

Teknisk herdnende fenolaldehydkon-densater kan anvendes som klebemiddel, hvorved det oppnås en sterk vedhengning, men forbindelsen er imidlertid temmelig sprø og går derfor lett istykker hvis de for-bundne deler ha» forskjellig utvidelses-koeffisienter. Technically hardening phenol aldehyde condensates can be used as an adhesive, whereby a strong adhesion is achieved, but the connection is however rather brittle and therefore breaks easily if the connected parts have different coefficients of expansion.

Derved at det termisk herdnende kondensat av fenol og aldehyd kombineres med polyvinylbutyral, blir klebeforbindelsens sprøhet mindre, hvilket imidlertid ledsages av en økning av ømfintligheten likeoverfor fuktighet. For å minske den sistnevnte ulempe, blir det i henhold til oppfinnelsen innført ammoniumkromat og/eller ammoniumbikromat og et kobbersalt i klebemidlet. By combining the thermally hardening condensate of phenol and aldehyde with polyvinyl butyral, the brittleness of the adhesive compound is reduced, which is, however, accompanied by an increase in sensitivity to moisture. In order to reduce the latter disadvantage, according to the invention, ammonium chromate and/or ammonium bichromate and a copper salt are introduced into the adhesive.

Som fenolaldehydkondensat kan det anvendes et kondensat av fenol, kresol, xylenol eller resorcin med et aldehyd, f. eks. formaldehyd, acetaldehyd eller butyr-aldehyd. Det kan anvendes såvel ettrinns-kondensater som totrinnskondensater, sistnevnte i nærvær av aldehyd-avgivende stoffer, f. eks. paraformaldehyd eller heksametylentetramin. As phenolaldehyde condensate, a condensate of phenol, cresol, xylenol or resorcinol with an aldehyde can be used, e.g. formaldehyde, acetaldehyde or butyraldehyde. Both one-stage condensates and two-stage condensates can be used, the latter in the presence of aldehyde-emitting substances, e.g. paraformaldehyde or hexamethylenetetramine.

Herdningen foregår som oftest ved 120 til 250° C. Det anvendes ofte et trykk på 1—10 atmosfærer. Curing usually takes place at 120 to 250° C. A pressure of 1-10 atmospheres is often used.

I klebemidlet kan det ved siden av opp-løsn ingsmidler som f. eks. etylalkohol ytter-ligere innføres farvestoffer, fyllstoffer og lignende. In the adhesive, next to solvents such as e.g. ethyl alcohol, colorants, fillers and the like are also introduced.

Som kitt blir klebemidlet i henhold til denne foretrukne utførelsesform av oppfinnelsen også anvendt efter at det er blitt blandet med en 10 til 20 ganger større mengde av anorganiske fyllstoffer f. eks. litopon og marmorpulver. Et slikt kitt egner seg utmerket til å forbinde en av et fenolaldehydkondensat bestående sokkel med glassbeholderen i en glødepære eller en f luorescenslampe. As putty, the adhesive according to this preferred embodiment of the invention is also used after it has been mixed with a 10 to 20 times greater amount of inorganic fillers, e.g. lithopone and marble powder. Such a putty is excellently suited for connecting a base consisting of a phenolaldehyde condensate to the glass container in an incandescent bulb or a fluorescent lamp.

Nedenfor er det beskrevet noen forsøk som har ført til oppfinnelsen. I. 14 mm brede strimler av fenolaldehydkondensat forbindes fast i en lengde av 15 mm ved hjelp av et klebemiddel bestående av polyvinylbutyral med 10 % ammoniumbikromat og 2 % kobbersulfat. Below, some experiments that have led to the invention are described. I. 14 mm wide strips of phenol aldehyde condensate are firmly joined in a length of 15 mm using an adhesive consisting of polyvinyl butyral with 10% ammonium bichromate and 2% copper sulphate.

Efter at klebemidlet var herdnet og i 4 uker var blitt utsatt for en atmosfære med foranderlig fuktighet, var en skyvekraft på 27 kg nødvendig for å bryte forbindelsen. After the adhesive had cured and had been exposed for 4 weeks to an atmosphere of variable humidity, a thrust of 27 kg was required to break the connection.

En tilsvarende klebeforbindelse som var blitt fremstillet med hjelp av et kobber-fritt klebemiddel, krevet en skyvekraft på 20—22 kg. Sløymer man også ammonium-bikromatet er motstanden mot skyvning 11—12 kg. II. Man fremstiller et klebemiddel ved å blande 50 g av en kresolformaldehyd-novolak med 7 g heksametylentetramin, 2 g polyvinylbutyral (74 % av hydroksylgruppene sperret), 1 g ammoniumkromat og 0.2 g kobbersulfat. A corresponding adhesive connection that had been produced using a copper-free adhesive required a thrust of 20-22 kg. If you also dissolve the ammonium bichromate, the resistance to pushing is 11-12 kg. II. An adhesive is prepared by mixing 50 g of a cresol formaldehyde novolak with 7 g of hexamethylenetetramine, 2 g of polyvinyl butyral (74% of the hydroxyl groups blocked), 1 g of ammonium chromate and 0.2 g of copper sulfate.

Denne blanding blir rørt ut med etylalkohol og strøket på en lampesokkel, hvorved alkoholen fordamper. Derefter blir en glødepæres glasskolbe trykket mot sokke-len, og det hele opphetet til 220°. Efter 30 sek. forløp avkjøles det langsomt. This mixture is stirred with ethyl alcohol and applied to a lamp base, whereby the alcohol evaporates. Then the glass bulb of an incandescent bulb is pressed against the base, and the whole thing is heated to 220°. After 30 sec. course, it cools slowly.

Efter at disse lamper er blitt holdt tre dager i en 5 % saltoppløsning på 40° C kan forbindelsen løses med torsjonskrefter på 60 resp. 48 resp. 56 kg/cm. After these lamps have been kept for three days in a 5% salt solution at 40° C, the connection can be loosened with torsional forces of 60 or 48 or 56 kg/cm.

Til sammenligning kan det anføres at det tilsvarende forsøk ble gjort med kobber-fritt klebemiddel, og forbindelsen ble da løst ved torsjonskrefter på 30, 22 og 20 kg/cm. For comparison, it can be stated that the corresponding experiment was carried out with copper-free adhesive, and the connection was then solved with torsional forces of 30, 22 and 20 kg/cm.

Claims (5)

1. Klebemiddel som inneholder polyvinylbutyral, karakterisert ved at det dess-uten inneholder ammoniumkromat og/eller ammoniumbikromat for herdning og et kobbersalt for aktivering av herdereak-sjonen.1. Adhesive containing polyvinyl butyral, characterized in that it also contains ammonium chromate and/or ammonium bichromate for curing and a copper salt for activating the curing reaction. 2. Klebemiddel ifølge påstand 1, karakterisert ved at den anvendte mengde ammoniumkromat og/eller ammoniumbikromat utgjør 20—60 % av polyvinyl-butyralet.2. Adhesive according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of ammonium chromate and/or ammonium bichromate used constitutes 20-60% of the polyvinyl butyral. 3. Klebemiddel ifølge påstand 1 eller 2, karakterisert ved at det anvendes 1—5 % kobbersalt, beregnet på mengden av poly-vinylbutyralet.3. Adhesive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that 1-5% copper salt is used, calculated on the amount of polyvinyl butyral. 4. Klebemiddel i henhold til påstand 1—3, karakterisert ved at det er tilsatt et termisk herdende fenolaldehydkondensat.4. Adhesive according to claims 1-3, characterized in that a thermally hardening phenolaldehyde condensate has been added. 5. Kitt som består av et klebemiddel i henhold til påstand 4 og en 10—20 ganger større mengde av et anorganisk fyllstoff.5. Putty consisting of an adhesive according to claim 4 and a 10-20 times greater amount of an inorganic filler.
NO167954A 1966-05-02 1967-04-29 NO124457B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE05987/66A SE337952B (en) 1966-05-02 1966-05-02
SE04510/67A SE357636B (en) 1967-03-31 1967-03-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
NO124457B true NO124457B (en) 1972-04-17

Family

ID=26654531

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NO167954A NO124457B (en) 1966-05-02 1967-04-29

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3448855A (en)
JP (1) JPS542876B1 (en)
AT (1) AT283789B (en)
CH (1) CH472743A (en)
DE (1) DE1574257C3 (en)
DK (1) DK136008B (en)
FI (1) FI56286C (en)
GB (1) GB1179483A (en)
NL (1) NL155386B (en)
NO (1) NO124457B (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3590992A (en) * 1969-01-30 1971-07-06 Karl Gunnar Rune Soderstrom Method and apparatus for examining and identifying banknotes and the like
US5678678A (en) * 1995-06-05 1997-10-21 Mars Incorporated Apparatus for measuring the profile of documents
US6802760B1 (en) * 2002-03-19 2004-10-12 Steven G. Goldstein Disk restoration service vending machine

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2951164A (en) * 1952-02-07 1960-08-30 Alan Foster Apparatus for identifying paper money or the like, as genuine, and for making changeor the like
US2950799A (en) * 1952-02-07 1960-08-30 Alan Foster Apparatus for identifying paper money, or the like, as genuine, and for making change or the like
US2827822A (en) * 1953-02-02 1958-03-25 Ross L Timms Apparatus for identifying printed documents and the like as genuine
US2922893A (en) * 1954-10-15 1960-01-26 Philco Corp Document identifying system
US2995976A (en) * 1957-01-30 1961-08-15 Universal Controls Inc Inspection and projection device
US2941187A (en) * 1957-12-30 1960-06-14 Luther G Simjian Apparatus and method for determining the character of a document

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1574257C3 (en) 1973-09-27
JPS542876B1 (en) 1979-02-14
NL6706020A (en) 1967-11-03
GB1179483A (en) 1970-01-28
US3448855A (en) 1969-06-10
DK136008B (en) 1977-07-25
DE1574257A1 (en) 1971-12-02
DE1574257B2 (en) 1973-03-08
NL155386B (en) 1977-12-15
FI56286B (en) 1979-08-31
CH472743A (en) 1969-05-15
FI56286C (en) 1979-12-10
DK136008C (en) 1978-01-09
AT283789B (en) 1970-08-25

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