NO115756B - - Google Patents

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Publication number
NO115756B
NO115756B NO161628A NO16162866A NO115756B NO 115756 B NO115756 B NO 115756B NO 161628 A NO161628 A NO 161628A NO 16162866 A NO16162866 A NO 16162866A NO 115756 B NO115756 B NO 115756B
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
anode
metal
contact
anodes
area
Prior art date
Application number
NO161628A
Other languages
Norwegian (no)
Inventor
T Gjerde
Original Assignee
Stormbull A S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stormbull A S filed Critical Stormbull A S
Priority to NO161628A priority Critical patent/NO115756B/no
Priority to GB5584/67A priority patent/GB1117408A/en
Priority to US614508A priority patent/US3422592A/en
Publication of NO115756B publication Critical patent/NO115756B/no

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • B28B23/04Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed
    • B28B23/043Wire anchoring or tensioning means for the reinforcements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
    • E04C5/12Anchoring devices
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/47Molded joint
    • Y10T403/472Molded joint including mechanical interlock
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/47Molded joint
    • Y10T403/473Socket or open cup for bonding material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/71Rod side to plate or side
    • Y10T403/7129Laterally spaced rods
    • Y10T403/7141Plural channels in connector

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)

Description

Anode til katodisk å beskytte mot korrosjon metalloverflater som er i berøring med en korroderende saltoppløsning. Anode to cathodically protect against corrosion metal surfaces that are in contact with a corrosive salt solution.

Oppfinnelsen angår en anode til katodisk å beskytte mot korrosjon metalloverflater som er i kontakt med korroderende The invention relates to an anode to cathodically protect against corrosion metal surfaces that are in contact with corroding

saltoppløsninger. Anoden er av et metall, saline solutions. The anode is made of a metal,

som er mere elektropositivt enn det metall which is more electropositive than that metal

hvis overflate skal beskyttes mot korrosjon, og er i ledende forbindelse med metalloverflaten og i kontakt med saltoppløs-ningen. whose surface is to be protected against corrosion, and is in conductive connection with the metal surface and in contact with the salt solution.

Det er kjent å beskytte sjøgående stål-skips skrog mot havvannets korroderende It is known to protect seagoing steel ship hulls against seawater's corrosive effects

virkning ved hjelp av et eller flere lag maling, som kan inneholde stoffer som for-hindrer bevoksning, dvs. avsetning og vekst effect by means of one or more layers of paint, which may contain substances that prevent vegetation, i.e. deposition and growth

av organismer på skipsskroget. Det er like-ledes kjent å beskytte sjøgående stålskips-skrog mot havvannets virkning ved at der of organisms on the ship's hull. It is also known to protect seagoing steel ship hulls against the effects of seawater by

på skipsskroget under vannlinjen anbringes anoder av et metall, som er mere elektropositivt enn jern, f. eks. magnesium. anodes of a metal, which is more electropositive than iron, are placed on the ship's hull below the waterline, e.g. magnesium.

Disse anoder frembringer en slik spen-ningsforskjell mellom skipsskroget og havvannet at jernets korrosjon nedsettes, selv These anodes produce such a voltage difference between the ship's hull and the seawater that the iron's corrosion is reduced, even

om der er huller i malinglaget. Det er if there are holes in the paint layer. It is

imidlertid en ulempe ved den sistnevnte however, a disadvantage of the latter

fremgangsmåte at spenningsforskjellen procedure that the voltage difference

mellom skipsskroget og havvannet kan between the ship's hull and the seawater can

medføre dannelse av blærer i malingen, lead to the formation of blisters in the paint,

som da skaller av på vedkommende steder. which then peels off in the relevant places.

Dette fenomen er sterkest i nærheten av This phenomenon is strongest in the vicinity of

anodene, hvor strømtettheten er størst. På the anodes, where the current density is greatest. On

grunn av anodene unngås korrosjon visst-nok på de steder hvor malingen er skallet due to the anodes, corrosion is certainly avoided in the places where the paint has peeled off

av, men den bevoksningshindrende virkning er sterkt nedsatt på disse steder. Ofte of, but the antifouling effect is greatly reduced in these places. Often

er den elektriske strøm som frembringes is the electric current produced

ved anodens virkning, meget kraftigere enn nødvendig for å oppnå den ønskede virkning. Dette er særlig tilfelle i begynnelsen, når malinglaget bare er lite beskadiget, og forårsaker den foran nevnte avskalling av malingen og dessuten også et unødvendig raskt og unyttig forbruk av anodemetall. by the action of the anode, much stronger than necessary to achieve the desired effect. This is particularly the case at the beginning, when the paint layer is only slightly damaged, and causes the aforementioned peeling of the paint and also an unnecessarily rapid and useless consumption of anode metal.

De nevnte ulemper søkes ved anoden ifølge oppfinnelsen unngått, idet der anvendes en eller flere anoder som er utformet eller anordnet slik at arealet av den totale anodeoverflate som er i berøring med saltoppløsningen, vokser under anodens eller anodenes bruk. The aforementioned disadvantages are sought to be avoided with the anode according to the invention, as one or more anodes are used which are designed or arranged so that the area of the total anode surface which is in contact with the salt solution increases during the use of the anode or anodes.

Bare en del (b) av anodens eller anodenes overflate er i kontakt med saltopp-løsningen, mens resten (a, c) av anode-overflaten, unntatt den del som er i ledende forbindelse med det metall som skal beskyttes, er dekket med et beskyttende skikt som ikke er elektrisk ledende, og det karakteristiske trekk ved anoden ifølge oppfinnelsen er at den har en sådan til-spisset eller avrundet form at den ubeskyttede endeflate tiltar i areal etterhvert som anoden tæres. Det beskyttende, ikke ledende lag kan f. eks. bestå av maling, lakk, as-falt eller et annet makromolekylært stoff. Only part (b) of the surface of the anode or anodes is in contact with the salt solution, while the rest (a, c) of the anode surface, except for the part which is in conductive contact with the metal to be protected, is covered with a protective layer which is not electrically conductive, and the characteristic feature of the anode according to the invention is that it has such a pointed or rounded shape that the unprotected end surface increases in area as the anode corrodes. The protective, non-conductive layer can e.g. consist of paint, varnish, asphalt or another macromolecular substance.

Praktiske forsøk har vist at det er mest fordelaktig å bruke anoder, som hver ifølge oppfinnelsen har en slik form at dets over-flateareal som er i berøring med saltopp-løsningen, kan bli minst ti ganger større under anodens bruk. Practical experiments have shown that it is most advantageous to use anodes, each of which according to the invention has such a shape that its surface area in contact with the salt solution can become at least ten times larger during the anode's use.

På tegningen vises noen utførelsesfor-mer for anoder ifølge oppfinnelsen. The drawing shows some embodiments of anodes according to the invention.

Fig. 1 viser, sett fra siden og ovenfra, Fig. 1 shows, seen from the side and from above,

en prismatisk anode med to mot hverandre stående trapesformede flater og fire rektangulære flater. a prismatic anode with two opposite trapezoidal surfaces and four rectangular surfaces.

Fig. 2 viser en prismatisk anode i hvil- Fig. 2 shows a prismatic anode at rest

ken to mot hverandre stående rektangu- ken two opposite rectangles

lære flater er krumme, og fig. 3 en anode med to halvsirkelform- learning surfaces are curved, and fig. 3 an anode with two semicircular form-

ede flater og en rektangulær flate. flat surfaces and a rectangular surface.

Den i fig. 1 viste anode er begrenset av The one in fig. 1 shown anode is limited by

to trapeser, og fire rektangler og den for- two trapezoids, and four rectangles and the for-

bindes ved hjelp av bolter med den metall - is tied by means of bolts with the metal -

del som skal beskyttes mot korrosjon, slik at anodens største rektangulære flate a vender mot den overflate på denne metall- part that must be protected against corrosion, so that the anode's largest rectangular surface a faces the surface of this metal

del som kommer i berøring med saltopp-løsningen. Anodens minste rektangulære flate b er i kontakt med saltoppløsningen, part that comes into contact with the saline solution. The smallest rectangular surface b of the anode is in contact with the salt solution,

mens dens resterende flater er dekket av et beskyttende ikke ledende lag. Det er og- while its remaining surfaces are covered by a protective non-conductive layer. It is and-

så hensiktsmessig å anbringe et ikke led- so appropriate to place a non-joint

ende lag, f. eks. et tynt lag kautsjuk, mel- end layer, e.g. a thin layer of rubber, flour

lom flaten a og metalloverflaten. lom surface a and the metal surface.

Den retning i hvilken anodematerial- The direction in which the anode material

ets forbruk under anodens bruk skrider frem står loddrett på flaten b. Arealene av de tverrsnitt, som danner en rett vinkel med den nevnte retning og derfor paral- et's consumption during the anode's use progresses vertically on the surface b. The areas of the cross-sections, which form a right angle with the aforementioned direction and therefore parallel

lelle med flatene b og a, øker gradvis fra det minste areal z til det største areal a. Ettersom anoden forbrukes gir den følgelig lelle with the surfaces b and a, gradually increases from the smallest area z to the largest area a. As the anode is consumed, it consequently gives

en stadig større overflate som er i kontakt med saltoppløsningen. an increasingly large surface area in contact with the salt solution.

Lignende virkninger kan oppnås med anderledes utformede anoder, forutsatt at anodene har slik form at den del av anode-overflaten som er i kontakt med saltopp-løsningen øker under anodens bruk. Der kan således også anvendes en anode med form som en avstumpet kjegle hvis grunn- Similar effects can be achieved with differently designed anodes, provided that the anodes have such a shape that the part of the anode surface that is in contact with the salt solution increases during the anode's use. An anode shaped like a truncated cone can thus also be used, if the basic

flate anbringes mot den metalldel som skal beskyttes mot korrosjon, mens toppflaten er i kontakt med saltoppløsningen, og ved hvilken bare toppflaten er uten ikke leden- surface is placed against the metal part to be protected against corrosion, while the top surface is in contact with the salt solution, and in which only the top surface is without

de overtrekk. they cover.

Den i fig. 2 viste utførelsesform for anoden avviker fra anoden ifølge fig. 1 The one in fig. 2, the embodiment of the anode differs from the anode according to fig. 1

bare ved at sistnevnte anodes to motståen- only in that the latter is anodized two resist-

de rektangulære plane flater, som er dek- the rectangular flat surfaces, which are de-

ket med et ikke ledende lag, er erstattet med konkave sylinderflater. ket with a non-conductive layer, has been replaced with concave cylinder surfaces.

I den i fig. 3 viste utførelse er anoden overtrukket med et ikke ledende over-trekksmateriale med unntagelse av et styk- In the one in fig. 3, the anode is coated with a non-conductive coating material, with the exception of a piece

ke på midten av den bueformede flate, og dette stykkes areal svarer til arealet av fla- ke in the middle of the arc-shaped surface, and the area of this piece corresponds to the area of the flat

ten b på anoden ifølge fig. 1. ten b on the anode according to fig. 1.

Eksempel: Example:

Et skips A stålskrog, som var malt med A ship's A steel hull, which was painted with

en bituminøs grunnmaling ble forsynt med a bituminous primer was provided

anoder av den i fig. 2 viste art. Målene er i det følgende angitt i cm. Anodene var av magnesium, tilsatt 6 % aluminium og 3 % anodes of the one in fig. 2 showed art. The measurements are given below in cm. The anodes were magnesium, with 6% aluminum added and 3%

sink. Der ble anbragt en anode pr. to kva-dratmeter av skipsskrogets overflate under vannlinjen. Hver anode hadde på alle fla- zinc. An anode was placed per two square meters of the ship's hull surface below the waterline. Each anode had on all fla-

ter, med unntagelse av flaten b, et etoksy-linharpiksovertrekk. ter, with the exception of surface b, an ethoxyline resin coating.

Til sammenligning ble skroget av et In comparison, the hull of a

annet skip B, som var malt med en bitumi- other ship B, which was painted with a bituminous

nøs grunnmaling, forsynt med anoder av samme magnesiumlegering, men med den i fig. 3 viste form, og uten overtrekk med ikke ledende materiale, idet der også i dette tilfelle ble anbragt en anode pr. to kvadrat- nose primer, provided with anodes of the same magnesium alloy, but with the one in fig. 3 shown form, and without covering with non-conductive material, as in this case too an anode was placed per two square

meter av skipets skrog under vannlinjen. meters of the ship's hull below the waterline.

Begge skipsskrogene ble i to måneder Both hulls stayed for two months

utsatt for innvirkningen av saltbrakkvann i Amsterdam havn. Under disse forhold viste skipet A seg å være effektivt beskyt- exposed to the impact of salt brackish water in Amsterdam harbour. Under these conditions, ship A proved to be an effective protection

tet mot korrosjon, og dets maling ble prak- protected against corrosion, and its paint became prac-

tisk talt ikke beskadiget, selv ikke i nær- technically not damaged, not even close to

heten av anodene. Skipet B hadde over hele den utsatte overflate kraftig utvik- the heat of the anodes. Over the entire exposed surface, ship B had strongly developed

lede blærer i malingen, og malingslaget var beskadiget i nærheten av anodene etter bare noen dagers forløp. led to blisters in the paint, and the paint layer was damaged near the anodes after only a few days.

Følgende strømstyrker ble målt i milli-ampere. The following currents were measured in milli-amperes.

Claims (2)

1. Anode til katodisk å beskytte mot korrosjon metalloverflater som er i kontakt med korroderende saltoppløsninger, idet anoden er i ledende forbindelse med metalloverflaten og i kontakt med saltopp-løsningen, hvilken anode er av et metall som er mere elektropositivt enn det metall hvis overflate skal beskyttes mot korrosjon og har et ikke-ledende overtrekk som bare lar den anode-endeflate (b) være ubeskyt-1. Anode to cathodically protect against corrosion metal surfaces that are in contact with corrosive salt solutions, the anode being in conductive connection with the metal surface and in contact with the salt solution, which anode is of a metal that is more electropositive than the metal whose surface is to be is protected against corrosion and has a non-conductive coating that leaves only the anode end face (b) unprotected tet som vender bort fra anodens ledende forbindelse med metalloverflaten, karakterisert ved at anoden har en sådan til-that faces away from the anode's conductive connection with the metal surface, characterized in that the anode has such an spisset eller avrundet form at den ubeskyttede endeflate tiltar i areal etterhvert som anoden tæres.pointed or rounded shape that the unprotected end surface increases in area as the anode corrodes. 2. Anode ifølge påstand 1, karakterisert ved at den er utformet slik at nevnte2. Anode according to claim 1, characterized in that it is designed as mentioned ubeskyttede areal kan bli minst ti ganger større under anodens fortæring.unprotected area can become at least ten times larger during the anode's consumption.
NO161628A 1966-02-09 1966-02-09 NO115756B (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO161628A NO115756B (en) 1966-02-09 1966-02-09
GB5584/67A GB1117408A (en) 1966-02-09 1967-02-06 Anchor device for tension members in prestressed concrete and the like
US614508A US3422592A (en) 1966-02-09 1967-02-07 Anchor device for steel reinforcing cables

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO161628A NO115756B (en) 1966-02-09 1966-02-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
NO115756B true NO115756B (en) 1968-11-25

Family

ID=19909442

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NO161628A NO115756B (en) 1966-02-09 1966-02-09

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3422592A (en)
GB (1) GB1117408A (en)
NO (1) NO115756B (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3641772A (en) * 1970-06-04 1972-02-15 Losinger Ag Rock anchor
AT339094B (en) * 1974-02-20 1977-09-26 Frantl Conprojekt NODE CONNECTION FOR FRAMEWORKS
US4043690A (en) * 1975-08-28 1977-08-23 York Engineering, Inc. Wire rope termination
US4353268A (en) * 1976-03-10 1982-10-12 Avions Marcel Dassault-Breguet Aviation Connecting rods
US4113398A (en) * 1976-09-03 1978-09-12 Jordan Edgar R Reinforced aperture in molded plastic article
US5337621A (en) * 1993-11-18 1994-08-16 Teleflex Incorporated Cable end fitting retainer and method for making same

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL76504C (en) *
US2751660A (en) * 1951-02-03 1956-06-26 Nakonz Walter Method of pre-stressing reinforced concrete structural elements
US2934935A (en) * 1956-01-20 1960-05-03 Holzmann Philipp Ag Cast tensioning head for anchoring tensioning members, preferably for prestressed concrete
CH408370A (en) * 1963-01-24 1966-02-28 Applic Coazioni S P A Procedure and device for anchoring high resistance metal wires to a tension cable

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US3422592A (en) 1969-01-21
GB1117408A (en) 1968-06-19

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