NL2032155B1 - Ecological assessment method for remediation effect on heavy metal contaminated soil - Google Patents

Ecological assessment method for remediation effect on heavy metal contaminated soil Download PDF

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NL2032155B1
NL2032155B1 NL2032155A NL2032155A NL2032155B1 NL 2032155 B1 NL2032155 B1 NL 2032155B1 NL 2032155 A NL2032155 A NL 2032155A NL 2032155 A NL2032155 A NL 2032155A NL 2032155 B1 NL2032155 B1 NL 2032155B1
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soil
content
sample
remediation
remediation effect
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Li Qi
Tang Mingdeng
Wang Yanhong
Ai Shaoying
Li Linfeng
Hu Weifang
Li Yichun
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Inst Of Agricultural Resources And Environment Guangdong Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation assessment, and discloses an ecological assessment method for remediation effect on heavy metal contaminated soil, including collecting samples, the samples including a soil sample and, a crop sample in a target area after remediation with a conditioner; obtaining a physicochemical property rating A, a microbial activity rating B and a Cd content rating C of the soil sample; obtaining a Cd content rating D in the crop sample; calculating a soil remediation effect P in the target area, and P = iA + jB + kC + sD, wherein i is a weight of the physicochemical property rating A, j is a weight of the microbial activity rating B, k is a weight of the Cd content rating C, and s is a weight of the Cd content rating D.

Description

ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT METHOD FOR REMEDIATION EFFECT ON HEAVY METAL
CONTAMINATED SOIL
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation assessment, and particularly relates to an ecological assessment method for remediation effect on heavy metal contami- nated soil.
BACKGROUND ART
In recent years, due to the rapid development of industry and agriculture, as well as the acceleration of production, consump- tion and abandonment of products, increasing areas of soil are contaminated by heavy metals and organic contaminants.
At present, remediation methods for heavy metal contaminated soil are mainly divided into physicochemical remediation and bio- remediation, wherein the physicochemical remediation technology is mainly through adding chemical conditioners to change the occur- rence form of Cd in soil and reduce its bicavailability, so as to achieve safe production of agricultural products, while the biore- mediation is utilizing the changes in microbial community and its diversity to achieve an ecological regulation of heavy metal con- taminated soil.
In the prior art, some developed countries have established various soil remediation standards to evaluate soil remediation effect. However, in China, the traditional environmental quality risk evaluation model is still used to evaluate the remediation effect on heavy metal contaminated soil, and there is a problem that the evaluation results of remediation effect are not suffi- ciently comprehensive and reliable, which is not conducive to land use and land planning decision-making.
SUMMARY
In view of the above, it is an object of the present inven- tion to provide an ecological assessment method for remediation effect on heavy metal contaminated soil in order to solve the problems set forth in the above background.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an ecological assess- ment method for remediation effect on heavy metal contaminated soil, including: collecting samples, the samples including a soil sample and a crop sample in a target area after remediation with a conditioner; obtaining a physicochemical property rating A, a microbial activity rating B and a Cd content rating C of the soil sample; obtaining a Cd content rating D in the crop sample; calculating a soil remediation effect P in the target area, and P = iA + jB + kC + sD, wherein 1 is a weight of the physico- chemical property rating A, j is a weight of the microbial activi- ty rating B, k is a weight of the Cd content rating C, and s is a weight of the Cd content rating D.
Preferably, the conditioner employs a mineral-type condition- er, an organic-type conditioner or a microbial-type conditioner.
Preferably, the conditioner is used in a remediation amount of 3 t'hm* in the target area.
Preferably, the mineral-type conditioner includes at least calcium silicate, hydrated lime, potassium sulfate, anhydrous mag- nesium sulfate, and ferric nitrate nonahydrate.
Preferably, in obtaining the physicochemical property rating
A of the soil sample, at least pH value, organic carbon content, available nitrogen content, available phosphorus content and available potassium content of the soil sample are obtained.
Preferably, in obtaining the Cd content rating C of the soil sample, the Cd content of the soil sample is determined using a
DTPA lixiviating method.
Preferably, in obtaining the Cd content rating D in the crop sample, the Cd content in the crop sample is determined using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer.
Preferably, the determination of the Cd content in the crop sample using the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer includes: sun-drying the crop sample to constant weight;
successively threshing, hulling, grinding and digesting the sun-dried crop sample to obtain a digestion solution; determining the Cd content in the digestion solution using the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer.
Preferably, in obtaining the microbial activity rating B of the soil sample, at least a microbial vitality and a microbial bi- omass are obtained.
Preferably, the microbial vitality uses soil enzyme activity as an evaluation indicator, and the soil enzymes include at least sucrase, urease and acid phosphatase.
The present invention has the following advantageous effects compared to the prior art.
The assessment method provided by the present invention not only considers the contents of heavy metals in soil and crop, but also designs relevant indicators of the physicochemical properties and microbial activity of the remediated soil, thereby covering the assessment contents of chemistry, microbes and plants. Consid- ering the farmland function and the actual situation of contamina- tion remediation comprehensively, the method is suitable for com- prehensive contamination remediation evaluation and extensive re- mediation evaluation, which is more comprehensive, accurate and scientific than existing evaluation methods.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows schematic graphs of Cd contents of soil samples and brown rice samples in four experimental groups of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows schematic graphs of scil enzyme activity in four experimental groups of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows graphs of bacterial and fungal community distri- butions in soil samples from four experimental groups of the pre- sent invention;
FIG. 4 shows graphs of cluster analysis of bacteria and fungi on OTU level in soil samples from four experiments of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows graphs of NMDS ranking of bacterial and fungal community structures in soil samples from four experiments of the present invention; and
FIG. 6 shows graphs of RDA analysis of bacterial and fungal community structures in soil samples from four experiments of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present in- vention will now be described more clearly and fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few, but not all embodiments of the inven- tion. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides an ecological assessment meth- od for remediation effect on heavy metal contaminated soil, in- cluding: collecting samples, the samples including a soil sample and a crop sample in a target area after remediation with a conditioner; obtaining a physicochemical property rating A, a microbial activity rating B and a Cd content rating C of the soil sample; obtaining a Cd content rating D in the crop sample; calculating a soil remediation effect P in the target area, and P = iA + jB + kC + sD, wherein 1 is a weight of the physico- chemical property rating A, j is a weight of the microbial activi- ty rating B, k is a weight of the Cd content rating C, and s is a weight of the Cd content rating D.
Based on the above method, the present invention also pro- vides a test as follows:
From March 2020 to July 2020, a field test was conducted in
Sigang Village in Xingning City, Guangdong Province (24°34'N, 115°69'E).
I. Construction of experimental groups
Brown rice was selected as the crop, and four experimental groups were set up, wherein particularly the first experimental group was a control group without re-
mediation treatment (CK); the second experimental group was a test group remediated with a mineral-type conditioner for treatment (Tl), and the spe- cific mineral-type conditioner includes at least calcium silicate, 5 hydrated lime, potassium sulfate, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, ferric nitrate nonahydrate and the like; the third experimental group was a test group remediated with an organic-type conditioner for treatment (T2), and the main com- ponents of the specific organic-type conditioner were silkworm ex- crement and tobacco stem (with an organic matter content 2 47%), and N + P:Os + K,O = 35%; and the fourth experimental group was a test group remediated with a microbial-type conditioner for treatment (T3), and the spe- cific microbial-type conditioner was a compound microbial ferti- lizer with an effective active bacterial count 2 20 milliong* (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Aspergillus oryzae), and N + P,0; + KO 2 8%.
The four experimental groups above all used the same treat- ment method to remediate the soil in target areas: each of the target areas was of 5 mu, and the conditioners in the second to the fourth experimental groups were all used in a remediation amount of 3 t-hm* for treatment which was repeated for three times on the soil in respective target areas.
IT. Sample collection and analysis
Samples were collected at the mature stage of brown rice, and soil samples and brown rice samples in the target areas corre- sponding to the four experimental groups above were collected by using the five-point sampling method. (1) Analysis of physicochemical properties of soil samples
The pH value was determined by potentiometry, the organic carbon content was determined by potassium dichromate-bath oiling method, the available nitrogen content was determined by alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method, the available phosphorus content was determined by sodium bicarbonate extraction-molybdenum antimony anti-colorimetric method, and the available potassium content was determined by ammonium acetate extraction-atomic absorption meth- od. The determination results were cbtained as shown in the table below: pH Organic carbon | Available nitro- | Available phos- | Available potas- 204.98+0.99d 51.200.33¢
T1 37.54+0.14b 14.04£0.00b 65.41+0.07b 229.20+0.25c 83.4910.21a (2) Analysis of microbial activity of soil samples 2a) Soil total DNA extraction and soil microbial biomass de- termination
The kit extraction method was used for soil total DNA extrac- tion, and the main steps included cell disruption - DNA dissolu- tion - adsorption - purification - elution. After DNA extraction, sequencing analysis was performed. Specifically, the raw data ob- tained by sequencing was subjected to quality control detection and filtration in the following manner: removing the following sequences, 1. sequences with an aver- age mass fraction of less than 20 points and a length of less than 50 bp; ii. sequences with one or more Barcode mismatched bases; iii. sequences with more than 2 mismatched bases in the primer; using FLASH to splice the sequences based on the criteria that the overlapping sequences had a length greater than 10 bp and that the overlapping regions were not allowed to have ambiguous bases; and using mothur to remove chimera.
From the above, high quality sequences were obtained, and
OTUs were divided according to a similarity threshold of 97%, while OTUs containing only one sequence were removed. In order to ensure a consistent sequencing depth of different samples, the se- quences of all samples were flattened in a same sequence number, and the flattened data was used for subsequent annotation and sta- tistical analysis.
The longest sequence in each OTU was selected as the repre- sentative sequence of the OTU, and BLASTn was used to retrieve and align the representative sequence in NCBI non-redundant database.
With 1xe™? as the minimum threshold of E value, the reference se- quences with E > 1xe™’ were removed, and the reference sequence with the highest score was selected from the remaining sequences to annotate the OTU. If E values corresponding to all of the re- trieved reference sequences were greater than lxe-*°, the repre- sentative sequence was then marked as having no homologous se- quence.
According to retrieval results, only 4.1%-5.5% sequences of bacteria in the samples Tl to T3 did not have similar sequences retrieved or the relative abundance being lower than 1%, and the remaining sequences consisted of Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria,
Chloroflexi, Acidobacteriota, Firmicutes, Nitrospirota, Desul- fobacterota, Myxococcota, Bacteroidota, Gemmatimonadota, Plancto- mycetota, MBNT15, Sva0485 and Verrucomicrobiota phylums as shown in FIG. 3A. Fungi were annotated to 6 phyla, accounting for 87%- 90% of the retrieved sequences, consisting of Ascomycota, Basidio- mycota, Mortierellomycota, Rozellomycota, Chytridiomycota and
Glomeromycota phylums as shown in FIG. 3B. 2b) Soil microbial vitality determination
The microbial vitality uses soil enzyme activity as an evalu- ation indicator, and the soil enzymes include at least sucrase, urease and acid phosphatase. Specifically, soil sucrase, urease, and acid phosphatase activities were determined according to the methods of Wu Jinshui et al (2006), and the determination results were obtained as shown in FIG. 2. (3) Analysis of Cd contents of soil samples and brown rice samples
The Cd contents of the soil samples were determined using a
DTPA lixiviating method, and the determination results were ob- tained as shown in the upper graph of FIG. 1.
The Cd contents in the brown rice samples were determined us- ing a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer, specifical- ly including: sun-drying the brown rice samples to constant weight; successively threshing, hulling, grinding and digesting the sun-dried brown rice samples to obtain digestion solutions; determining the Cd contents in the digestion solutions using the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer, and the determi- nation results were obtained as shown in the lower graph of FIG. 1.
III. Result analysis (1) Analysis of determination results on physicochemical properties
It can be seen from the above Table 1 that different experi- mental groups effectively improve fertility and soil quality by changing physicochemical properties of the soil, thereby increas- ing crop yield. It can be seen from Table 1 that the addition of the conditioners increases the pH value of the soil and alleviates soil acidification; with different conditioners for treatment, the soil organic carbon contents increase by 32%, 47% and 21%, respec- tively. And the contents of available nutrients such as soil available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium have been greatly increased, which improve soil nutritional sta- tus. The soil available nitrogen, available phosphorus and availa- ble potassium increase by 12%-15%, 1184-1884 and 28%-63%, respec- tively. (2) Analysis of determination results on Cd contents
With reference to FIG. 1, it can be seen that all of the three conditioners significantly reduce the contents of DTPA-Cd of soil samples by 13%, 48% and 28%, respectively, compared to the control. For the Cd contents of brown rice samples, all of the three conditioners significantly reduce the Cd contents, with a maximum reduction of 42%.
It can be seen from the above that the Cd contents of soil samples and brown rice samples all reduce significantly after the application of conditioners, where the Cd content of the soil sam- ple reduces most significantly in the third experimental group (T2), while the reduction of the Cd content of the brown rice sam- ple is not good. (3) Analysis of determination results on microbial activity of soil samples
With reference to FIG. 2, it can be seen that all of the three conditioners significantly increase soil sucrase and urease activities, where the third experimental group (T2) has the great-
est promotion on soil sucrase activity, with an increase of 151%, and the fourth experimental group (T3) increases urease activity by 80%. For soil acid phosphatase, the second experimental group (Tl) reduces its activity, while the third experimental group (T2) increases its activity.
As an active component of soil, microflora composition and microbial population are closely related to the changes of soil physicochemical properties. In particular, with reference to FIG. 3, it can be seen that the relative abundances of Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria are higher for all conditioner treatments.
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows that conditioner treatments (Tl, T2 and T3) significantly reduce the relative abundances of
Desulfobacterota and Bacteroidota, where the conditioners of the second experimental group (Tl) and the third experimental group (T2) significantly increase the relative abundances of Actinobac- teriota and Gemmatimonadota in soil, and the conditioner of the fourth experimental group (T3) significantly increases the rela- tive abundance of Acidobacteriota.
In addition, the analysis results shown in FIG. 4 are ob- tained by performing heatmap cluster analysis on the obtained OTV, where (A) is the result of bacterial analysis and (B) is the re- sult of fungal analysis, and it can be seen from FIG. 4 that dif- ferent conditioner treatments result in obviously different rela- tive abundances of OTU. However, the cluster analysis of bacteria has a similar rule to that of fungi, i.e., with differentiation into two categories - mineral-type conditioners and other condi- tioners, followed by being differentiated into categories of or- ganic-type and microbial-type conditioner treatments. This also suggests that the application of a mineral-type conditioner exerts an effect on species composition of bacteria and fungi which is different from that of the other two conditioner treatments.
A NMDS ranking of bacterial and fungal community structures with different conditioner treatments is shown in FIG. 5, where conditioner type is shown to have a significant effect on changes in community structures of both bacterial and fungal organisms.
The samples can be clustered together according to conditioner type, with separation between different conditioner treatments.
Similarity analysis is a non-parametric test analysis method, which is often used to test whether a difference between two or more groups is significantly greater than the difference within a group, so as to judge whether the grouping type is meaningful. The experimental results show that for bacteria, the ANOSIM analysis is R = 0.929 (P < 0.001), while for fungi, the ANOSIM analysis is
R = 0.772 (P < 0.001). Therefore, it can be considered that the bacterial and fungal community structures with the four treatments are significantly different.
In the field of ecology, redundancy analysis (RDA) is a com- monly used method for constrained ranking analysis, with an object to analyze the influence of “explanatory variable (generally envi- ronmental factor matrix)” on “response variable (generally species matrix)”. The analysis graphs shown in FIG. 6 are obtained by RDA analysis, and it is found from FIG. 6 that the determined physico- chemical factors explain 73.49% and 47.08% to bacterial and fungal microbial communities, respectively, where Axis 1 explains 65.43% and 28.52%, respectively. For bacterial community structure, the application of the second experimental group (Tl) makes it signif- icantly separated from the control on Axis 1 and from the other two conditioner treatments on Axis 2; in addition, the third ex- perimental group (TZ) and the fourth experimental group (T3) all make it significantly separated from the control on Axis 2. And for fungal community structure, the third experimental group (T2) and the fourth experimental group (T3) all make it significantly separated from the control on Axis 2. The 999 Monte Carlo test shows that total phosphorus is a common major environmental factor affecting microbial community structures of bacteria and fungi. In addition, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and total potassium are the other environmen- tal factors affecting microbial community structures of bacteria and fungi, respectively. Soil total phosphorus is obviously posi- tively correlated with the second experimental group (Tl) for bac- terial community, but negatively correlated with the fourth exper- imental group (T3) treatment. The contents of organic carbon, to- tal nitrogen, available nitrogen and available phosphorus in soil are obviously positively correlated with the third experimental group (T2).
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the prin- ciples and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

CONCLUSIESCONCLUSIONS 1. Werkwijze voor de ecologische beoordeling van het saneringsef- fect op met zware metalen verontreinigde grond, met het kenmerk, dat de werkwijze omvat: het verzamelen van monsters, waarbij de monsters een grondmonster en een gewasmonster omvatten in een doelgebied na sanering met een conditioner; het verkrijgen van een fysisch-chemische eigenschap classificatie A, een microbiële activiteit classificatie B en een Cd-gehalte classificatie C van het grondmonster; het verkrijgen van een Cd- gehalte classificatie D in het gewasmonster; het berekenen van een bodemsaneringseffect P in het doelgebied, en FP = iA + jB + kC + sD, waarbij i een gewicht is van de fysisch- chemische eigenschap classificatie A, j een gewicht is van de mi- crobiéle activiteit classificatie B, k een gewicht is van de Cd- gehalte classificatie C, en s is een gewicht van de Cd-gehalte classificatie D.Method for the ecological assessment of the remediation effect on soil contaminated with heavy metals, characterized in that the method comprises: collecting samples, the samples comprising a soil sample and a crop sample in a target area after remediation with a conditioner ; obtaining a physico-chemical property classification A, a microbial activity classification B and a Cd content classification C of the soil sample; obtaining a Cd content classification D in the crop sample; calculating a soil remediation effect P in the target area, and FP = iA + jB + kC + sD, where i is a weight of the physicochemical property classification A, j is a weight of the microbial activity classification B, k a weight is of the Cd content classification C, and s is a weight of the Cd content classification D. 2. Werkwijze voor de ecologische beoordeling van het saneringsef- fect op met zware metalen verontreinigde grond volgens conclusie 1, met het kenmerk, dat de conditioner een conditioner van het mineraaltype, een conditioner van het organische type of een con- ditioner van het microbiële type gebruikt.A method for the ecological evaluation of the remediation effect on soil contaminated with heavy metals according to claim 1, characterized in that the conditioner is a mineral-type conditioner, an organic-type conditioner or a microbial-type conditioner. used. 3. Ecologische beoordelingsmethode voor saneringseffect op met zware metalen verontreinigde grond volgens conclusie 2, met het kenmerk, dat de conditioner wordt toegepast in een saneringshoev- eelheid van 3 t°hmt in het doelgebied.An ecological assessment method for remediation effect on heavy metal contaminated soil according to claim 2, characterized in that the conditioner is applied at a remediation rate of 3 t°hmt in the target area. 4. Werkwijze voor de ecologische beoordeling van het saneringsef- fect op met zware metalen verontreinigde grond volgens conclusie 2 of 3, met het kenmerk, dat de mineraalachtige conditioner ten min- ste calciumsilicaat, gehydrateerde kalk, kaliumsulfaat, watervrij magnesiumsulfaat en ferrinitraat-nonahydraat omvat.A method for the ecological evaluation of the remediation effect on soil contaminated with heavy metals according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the mineral conditioner comprises at least calcium silicate, hydrated lime, potassium sulfate, anhydrous magnesium sulfate and ferric nitrate nonahydrate . 5. Werkwijze voor de ecologische beoordeling van het saneringsef- fect op met zware metalen verontreinigde grond volgens conclusie 1, met het kenmerk, dat bij het verkrijgen van de fysisch- chemische eigenschap rating A van het bodemmonster, ten minste pH- waarde, organisch koolstofgehalte, beschikbaar stikstofgehalte, beschikbaar fosforgehalte en beschikbaar kaliumgehalte van het bodemmonster worden verkregen.Method for the ecological assessment of the remediation effect on soil contaminated with heavy metals according to claim 1, characterized in that when obtaining the physico-chemical property rating A of the soil sample, at least pH value, organic carbon content , available nitrogen content, available phosphorus content and available potassium content of the soil sample are obtained. 6. Werkwijze voor de ecologische beoordeling van het saneringsef- fect op met zware metalen verontreinigde grond volgens conclusie 1, met het kenmerk, dat bij het verkrijgen van het Cd-gehalte C van het grondmonster, het Cd-gehalte van het grondmonster wordt bepaald met behulp van een DTPA-oplosmethode.Method for the ecological assessment of the remediation effect on soil contaminated with heavy metals according to claim 1, characterized in that when the Cd content C of the soil sample is obtained, the Cd content of the soil sample is determined with using a DTPA solution method. 7. Werkwijze voor de ecologische beoordeling van het saneringsef- fect op met zware metalen verontreinigde grond volgens conclusie 1 of 6, met het kenmerk dat bij het verkrijgen van de Cd-gehalte classificatie D in het gewasmonster, het Cd-gehalte in het ge- wasmonster wordt bepaald met behulp van een grafietoven atomaire absorptie spectrometer.Method for the ecological assessment of the remediation effect on soil contaminated with heavy metals according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that when obtaining the Cd content classification D in the crop sample, the Cd content in the crop sample wax sample is determined using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. 8. Werkwijze voor de ecologische beoordeling van het saneringsef- fect op met zware metalen verontreinigde grond volgens conclusie 7, met het kenmerk, dat de bepaling van het Cd-gehalte in het ge- wasmonster met behulp van de grafietoven atomaire absorptie spec- trometer omvat: het in de zon drogen van het gewasmonster tot constant gewicht; het achtereenvolgens dorsen, pellen, malen en verteren van het in de zon gedroogde gewasmonster om een vergistingsoplossing te verkrijgen; het bepalen van het Cd-gehalte in de ontsluitingsoplossing met behulp van de grafietoven atomaire absorptie spectrometer.Method for the ecological assessment of the remediation effect on soil contaminated with heavy metals according to claim 7, characterized in that the determination of the Cd content in the crop sample by means of the graphite furnace comprises atomic absorption spectrometer : drying the crop sample in the sun to a constant weight; successively threshing, peeling, grinding and digesting the sun-dried crop sample to obtain a fermentation solution; determining the Cd content in the digestion solution using the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. 9. Werkwijze voor de ecologische beoordeling van het saneringsef- fect op met zware metalen verontreinigde grond volgens conclusie 1, met het kenmerk, dat bij het verkrijgen van de microbiële ac- tiviteit classificatie B van het bodemmonster ten minste een mi-Method for the ecological assessment of the remediation effect on soil contaminated with heavy metals according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one microbi- crobiële vitaliteit en een microbiële biomassa worden verkregen.microbial vitality and a microbial biomass are obtained. 10. Werkwijze voor de ecologische beoordeling van het saneringsef- fect op met zware metalen verontreinigde grond volgens conclusie 9, met het kenmerk dat de microbiële vitaliteit bodemenzymactivi- teit als evaluatie-indicator gebruikt en de bodemenzymen ten min- ste sucrase, urease en zure fosfatase omvatten.Method for the ecological assessment of the remediation effect on soil contaminated with heavy metals according to claim 9, characterized in that the microbial vitality uses soil enzyme activity as evaluation indicator and the soil enzymes contain at least sucrase, urease and acid phosphatase include.
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