NL2026279B1 - Method for protecting bank slope with flood-tolerant anti-season plants - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for protecting a bank slope with fioodtolerant and anti-season plants, which is composed of a compacted soil base layer, a slope geotextile inverted filter layer, a slope toe protection riprap, a slope toe protection ecological retaining wall, a slope protection precast block, flood-tolerant and anti-season plants, and a proportioned substrate, and a construction of seamless fitting of slope protection blocks, a soil fixing technology with plant roots, and a scientific, reasonable, simple and effective management method are used, thereby forming a set of ecological engineering technology. The present invention is suitable for the protection and habitat reconstruction of banks, beaches and riparian zones of rivers and lakes where the water level varies greatly, which solves the problems of the existing slope protection technology, such as severe habitat destruction, poor plant landscape, and weak soil fixing effect, and has the advantages of high construction efficiency, good soil fixation effect, wider protection scope, greater applicability, and good ecological landscape effect, thus improving the economic and ecological benefits of the slope protection project.

Description

-1- METHOD FOR PROTECTING BANK SLOPE WITH FLOOD-TOLERANT ANTI-SEASON PLANTS Technical Field The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration and environmental protection engineering, and more specifically to a method for protecting a bank slope with flood-tolerant and anti-season plants.

Background Rivers and lakes are important surface water resources and ecosystems.

Beaches, riparian zone, and bank slopes of rivers and lakes are important biological habitats, providing places for the survival of numerous aquatic animals and plants.

At the same time, the banks and beaches of rivers and lakes are strongly affected by the hydrological and climatic changes, with great changes in water level during the year, and are greatly affected by water erosion and long-term submergence in flood season, resulting in bank collapse, soil loss and other phenomena, and the plants are difficult to root and grow, which is the difficulty of ecological slope-protection project.

In traditional ecological slope-protection projects, concrete rigid facing, steel wire gabion slope revetment, dam construction and beach protection, and other manners are frequently used.

Although the projects could be quickly constructed, they are often large in quantity with high economic cost, and cause great damage to the local river ecology and landscape.

To some extent, the project has artificially caused habitat loss and cut off the water-land buffer zone, which is not conducive to the natural material connection and ecological development of the water-soil interface, so there are certain deficiencies.

In addition, the plant materials used in the existing ecological slope protection projects include reeds, bermudagrass, limpograss, clover and other herbs as pioneer plant species.

Although these plants are adapted to grow in a certain shallow water environment, for shore beaches where the water level varies greatly, such as the sandbars and shoals in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, these plants have insufficient flooding and erosion resistance characteristics, have relatively thin roots,

-2- and are prone to withering in autumn and winter.

When used for beach protection, such herbs may be difficult to adapt to their own physiological requirements under flooding, have a high mortality rate after being flooded, and are difficult to regrowth.

Therefore, based on the above-mentioned development background of the ecological slope protection technology for the banks and beaches of rivers and lakes, and in view of the current situation that there is no better ecological slope protection method for the regions with great changes in water level, it is necessary to develop a scientific and efficient ecological engineering technology that can not only protect banks and beaches effectively, but also promote the ecological restoration of the banks and beaches and the reconstruction of plant ecological landscapes.

Summary In order to overcome the drawbacks of ecological protection technology in the banks and beaches of rivers and lakes, the present invention provides a method for protecting a bank slope with flood-tolerant and anti-season plants, which solves the disadvantages of the existing slope protection technology, such as severe habitat destruction, poor plant landscape, and weak soil fixing effect, and solves the problems of the existing ecological slope protection methods such as complex construction, high management cost, and short system operating life.

In the present invention, the water- soil interface connectivity in ecological slope protection, the physiological characteristics of flood-tolerant and anti-season plants tolerant to flooding in the flood season, and the ecological characteristics of flood-tolerant and anti-season plants turning green in autumn and winter are considered, and the construction of soil-plant-microbial system is comprehensively utilized, to carry out soil consolidation and habitat reconstruction on the slope surface of banks and beaches.

To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are as follows.

A method for protecting a bank slope with flood-tolerant and anti-season plants is provided, including a compacted soil base layer, a slope geotextile inverted filter layer, a slope toe protection riprap, a slope toe protection ecological retaining wall, and a slope protection precast block; forming the compacted soil base layer for compacting slope

-3- soil, laying the slope geotextile inverted filter layer on the compacted soil base layer; throwing the slope toe protection riprap at a bank base where a bank beach and a river bed meet; providing the slope toe protection ecological retaining wall above a slope toe protection line formed by the slope toe protection riprap; covering a soil layer on the slope geotextile inverted filter layer above the slope toe protection ecological retaining wall to form a soil-covering layer; laying the slope protection precast block on the soil layer from the slope toe protection ecological retaining wall along a slope surface; the slope protection precast block includes a circular precast block basin in a middle portion and a precast block outer frame at periphery, and a bottom of the precast block outer frame is fitted to the soil-covering layer below the precast block outer frame; filling the precast block basin with a proportioned substrate, and a surface of the proportioned substrate is flush with a surface of the slope protection precast block; and planting the flood-tolerant and anti-season plants in the proportioned substrate.

Further, the slope surface is firstly processed into a smooth slope with a gradient of less than 15°; the slope geotextile inverted filter layer is formed by successively laying pieces of geotextile, edges of adjacent geotextiles overlap each other by at least 30 cm; and the slope toe protection riprap is thrown for 2 to 3 layers.

Further, the ecological retaining wall is a gabion wall, with a height of 0.4-0.6 m and a thickness of 0.2-0.4 m, perpendicular to a surface of the river bed, and a bottom of the ecological retaining wall is 0.3 m deep into a bottom of the slope.

Further, the soil-covering layer has a thickness of 0.2-0.4 m.

Further, a middle waist of one side of the slope protection precast block has a convex, a middle waist corresponding to the other side is a concave, and the concave and the convex have a same size; and two adjacent slope protection precast blocks are spliced together to form a seamless fitting.

Further, a bottom of the precast block basin is provided with a precast block hole, and the precast block hole is a hollow hole connecting an inner cavity of the precast block basin and the soil-covering layer below the precast block basin.

Further, the compositions of the proportioned substrate including sandstone, sediment, perlite, and organic fertilizer are prepared according to a mass ratio of 6:3:0.5:0.5; wherein the sandstone has a particle size of 0.01-0.05 m, a mud content in

-4- the sediment is at least 30%; and the sediment comes from the silt deposited in river channels. Further, adding a water-fertilizing slow-release microbial preparation with a concentration of 50-200 mg/L to the proportioned substrate.

Further, excavating a circular planting hole in the proportioned substrate with a depth of greater than or equal to 15 cm and a diameter of greater than or equal to 10 cm, and then planting seedlings of the flood-tolerant and anti-season plants in the planting hole.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows. In the present invention, the method for protecting the bank slope with flood- tolerant and anti-season plants is mainly composed of a compacted soil base layer, a slope geotextile inverted filter layer, a slope toe protection riprap, a slope toe protection ecological retaining wall, a slope protection precast block, a precast block basin, flood-tolerant and anti-season plants, and a proportioned substrate; and a construction of seamless fitting of slope protection blocks, a soil fixing technology with plant roots, and a scientific, reasonable, simple and effective management method are used, thereby forming a set of ecological engineering technology. The present invention provides a scientific, efficient, ecologically-friendly, and easily managed ecological slope protection method with flood-tolerant and anti-season plants, which is suitable for the protection and habitat reconstruction of banks, beaches and riparian zones of rivers and lakes where the water level varies greatly, and thus solves the problems of the existing slope protection technology, such as severe habitat destruction, poor plant landscape, and weak soil fixing effect. The used slope protection precast block and the flood-tolerant and anti-season plants have the advantages of high construction efficiency and good soil fixing effect, which decreases the engineering quantity and construction cost. Moreover, plants with flood tolerance can adapt to the beach surface with varying water levels, with wider protection scope and greater applicability. The root system of shrubby plants is used to consolidate soil, which is beneficial to the reconstruction of soil habitat; and in autumn and winter, the plants can turn green and grow, with a good ecological landscape effect, and therefore the economic

-5- and ecological benefits of slope protection project are improved in general. Brief Description of the Drawings FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the ecological slope protection method with flood- tolerant and anti-season plants of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a top view of the ecological slope protection block with flood-tolerant and anti-season plants of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a stereoscopic view of the ecological slope protection block with flood- tolerant and anti-season plants of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the ecological slope protection block with flood- tolerant and anti-season plants of the present invention along the AA’ direction of FIG.

3. Key for reference numerals: 1. compacted soil base layer, 2. slope geotextile inverted filter layer, 3. soil-covering layer, 4. slope toe protection riprap, 5. slope toe protection ecological retaining wall, 6. slope protection precast block, 6-1. precast block outer frame, 6-2. precast block basin, 6-3. precast block hole, 7. proportioned substrate, and 8. flood-tolerant and anti-season plants. Detailed Description of the Embodiments The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments. Embodiment 1 A method for protecting a bank slope with flood-tolerant and anti-season plants is provided, including the compacted soil base layer 1, the slope geotextile inverted filter layer 2, the slope toe protection riprap 4, the slope toe protection ecological retaining wall 5, and the slope protection precast block 6. First, the target bank is topographically leveled to form a smooth slope with a gradient of less than 15°, then the trash, plant residues and other debris are removed from the target bank, the low-lying areas are

-6-

backfilled, tamped and leveled, and then the soil 1s compacted to form the compacted soil base layer 1. The slope geotextile inverted filter layer 2 is laid on the compacted soil base layer 1, and the edges of the adjacent geotextiles overlap each other by at least 30 cm.

Large block stones, i.e., the slope toe protection riprap 4, are thrown at a bank base where a bank beach and a river bed meet, and the slope toe protection riprap 4 is thrown for 2 to 3 layers.

The slope toe protection ecological retaining wall 5 is provided above a slope toe protection line, the slope toe protection ecological retaining wall 5 is perpendicular to a surface of the river bed, and a bottom of the ecological retaining wall

5 is approximately 0.3 m deep into a bottom of the slope.

Subsequently, a soil layer is covered on the slope geotextile inverted filter layer 2 and laid evenly, and the soil layer has a thickness of 0.2-0.4m.

The slope protection precast blocks 6 are laid from the slope toe protection ecological retaining wall 6 along a slope surface, and two adjacent slope protection precast blocks are seamlessly fitted.

The slope protection precast block 6 includes the circular precast block basin 6-2 in a middle portion and the precast block outer frame 6-1 at periphery, and a bottom of the precast block outer frame 6-1 is fitted to a surface of the soil-covering layer.

The precast block basin 6-2 is filled with the proportioned substrate 7, and a surface of the proportioned substrate 7 is flush with a surface of the slope protection precast block 6. A water-fertilizing slow-release microbial preparation with a concentration of 50-200 mg/L 1s added to the proportioned substrate 7. Subsequently, a circular planting hole with a depth of greater than or equal to 15 cm and a diameter of greater than or equal to 10 cm is excavated, and then seedlings of the flood-tolerant and anti-season plants 8 are planted in the planting hole, and the planting hole is covered with substrate soil and gently compacted.

Within one month of the initial planting period, it is necessary to ensure that the bank is free of flooding and ponding, pay attention to sunscreen, regularly carry out manual management and maintenance, and replace the seedlings that fail to survive.

In the second to third months after planting, the insect and disease management of the seedlings is carried out, and water and fertilizer management is strengthened; after three months or after flooding,

the time management frequency is reduced and regular maintenance is carried out.

The ecological slope protection method with the flood-tolerant and anti-season plants 8 has the advantages of high soil fixing efficiency, low management cost, and good landscape effect, which can be widely used in ecological protection projects in banks and beaches of rivers and lakes where the water level varies greatly to improve the stability of the

-7- bank and plant ecological landscape, and to reconstruct soil habitat.

The slope geotextile inverted filter layer 2 of the present invention is a single-layer porous water-permeable material with a pore diameter of 0.1-0.5 mm, which is laid on the compacted soil base layer 1, so as to prevent the occurrence of such a situation that the soil particles of the bank slope lost through the pores of the slope surface under the action of water flow, wave or slope seepage, resulting in erosion damage and the destruction of overall stability of the protective structure. The effective pore size of the geotextile can be determined according to the actual particle size of the soil on the protection slope: 3disceffective pore size of geotextile<dss wherein, dis is the 15% characteristic particle size of the soil on the slope, that is, the mass of the soil smaller than this particle size accounts for 15% of the total mass of the soil; dss is the 85% characteristic particle size of the soil on the slope, that is, the mass of the soil smaller than this particle size accounts for 85% of the total mass of the soil.

The slope toe protection riprap 4 of the present invention is a large block stone that 1s thrown at the bottom of the bank above the depleted water line to prevent the erosion of the bank slope by the water flow, dissipate energy, slow down the flow rate and stabilize the bank slope. Moreover, after the flood season, the cracks in the riprap can provide a diverse habitat environment for fish and other wildlife. The size of the block stone is 0.3-1.0 m, and the uniformity of the riprap should be paid attention to. Generally, the riprap is thrown for 2 to 3 layers.

The ecological retaining wall of the present invention is a gabion wall, a cuboid structure made of block stone, lead wire or low-carbon steel wire, with a thickness of

0.2-0.4m. The ecological retaining wall is perpendicular to a surface of the river bed, with a bottom that is approximately 0.3 m deep into a bottom of the soil slope and a height of 0.4-0.6 m, and a size of the filled block stone is 0.1-0.3 m. The ecological retaining wall can protect the slope toe, resist the erosion of high-speed water flow, and prevent the upper ecological slope protection block and soil from sliding down.

The slope protection precast block 6 of the present invention is a cement concrete precast element, and is a novel slope protection structure, which is convenient for rapid

-8- installation and laying. The outer frame of the precast block has an overall size of 0.3 mx*0.3 mx0.06 m (length x width x thickness), in which a middle waist on one side is a convex, with a length and a width of 0.1 m and 0.05 m respectively; a middle waist corresponding to the other side is a concave; and the concave and the convex have a same size, which facilitates the seamless fitting of the slope protection precast blocks 6 on adjacent sides. Moreover, a central plane of the slope protection precast block 6 is a circular basin with a diameter of 0.2 m, which is perpendicular to the outer frame and extends downward. The basin has a depth of 0.2-0.3 m and an empty bottom, and a surface of the bottom is a circle with a diameter of 0.1-0.15 m. The bottom of the basin has a hollow hole with a diameter of 1-3 cm, which is convenient for the root system of subsequent planted plants to root downward. When the slope protection precast block 6 is laid on the slope surface, the basin is embedded into the soil-covering layer 3, which can enhance the stability of the slope protection precast block 6 and increase the connectivity of the water-soil interface after the flood.

The flood-tolerant and anti-season plants 8 of the present invention are shrub-type plant Afyricaria laxiflora or other shrub-type flood-tolerant and anti-season plants 8. The plants should have the characteristics of good flooding-endurance, thick rhizomes, good landscape effects in autumn and winter, and others. Compared with herbs, flood-tolerant shrubs have deeper roots with stronger anchoring effect and a wider range of applicable water level elevation, and the longest adaptable flooding time can reach about 200 days. In autumn and winter, the flood-tolerant and anti-season shrubs can turn green and grow, with a good ecological landscape effect. Seedlings of the Myricaria laxiflora cultivated for at least one year, with at least three lateral branches and a height of 0.3-0.4 m, are selected and being planted in spring (ranging from April to May) or autumn (ranging from September to October) with a planting density of 1-3 seedlings/m?.

The proportioned substrate 7 the present invention include sediment comes from the silt deposited in river channels (a mass of the mud in the sediment reaches approximately 30%) and sandstone with a particle size of 0.01-0.05 m (mass ratio 60%). The substrate 1s prepared with decomposed organic fertilizer, and the compositions in the substrate include sandstone, sediment, perlite and organic fertilizer at a mass ratio of 6:3:0.5:0.5, which not only increases the porosity of the substrate, but also provides nutrients for plant growth. The proportioned substrate 7 is placed in the precast block

-9- basin 6-2.

The soil-fixing technology with plant roots of the present invention include selection, planting and maintenance of plants, using appropriate irrigation and water- fertilizing slow-release microbial preparation. During the first month of planting, watering 2-3 times a week (not for rainy days); after one month, the number of watering can be reduced (watering once a week), it is advisable to moisten the soil until the area is flooded. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases, timely inspection and removal of dead plant residues, with new seedlings instead, and pay attention to sunscreen. The water-fertilizing slow-release microbial preparation is a water-soluble preparation containing a combination of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients and trace mineral elements such as potassium, magnesium and calcium (with a mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and calcium of 10:8:7), and a hormone-based microorganism that promotes root growth, with a concentration of 50 to 200 mg/L, which provides the required fertilizer for root system and plant growth, and enhances root vitality and soil fixing capacity. Before planting, the water-fertilizing slow-release microbial preparation is sprayed on the substrate in the precast block basin 6-2.

Embodiment 2 In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, a bank ecological protection project was carried out. First, a treatment project section with a boundary range of 100 mx50 m was demarcated, with an average slope of 10%, and an outer boundary of the project section was 10 m away from the water-land interface. Under the influence of water erosion, the natural bank slope collapsed and retreated, resulting in serious soil loss. The construction began in late March. First, the slope of the project section was leveled, garbage, trees and other debris were removed, and potholes were filled to form a smooth slope. Subsequently, a single layer of geotextile is laid on a surface of the slope as the slope geotextile inverted filter layer 2, with a pore size of 0.2 mm. Subsequently, a riprap throwing was carried out at the slope toe of the slope at the outer boundary of the project section. The slope toe protection riprap 4 had a diameter of 0.4 m and a width of 10 m, and was thrown into 2 layers. Subsequently, a trench with a depth of 0.3 m and a thickness of 0.3 m was excavated at the slope toe of the slope, and a slope toe protection ecological retaining wall 5 with a height of 0.5 m was established and filled with stones

-10- with a particle size of 0.2-0.3 m. Subsequently, a soil layer with a thickness of 0.25 m was covered on the slope surface, and the slope protection precast blocks 6 were laid upward from the slope toe of the slope on the soil layer, and two adjacent slope protection precast blocks 6 were seamlessly fitted. Subsequently, the proportioned substrate 7 was added to the precast block basin 6-2, and then 100 mL of water-fertilizing sustained-release microbial preparation with a concentration of 100 mg/L was sprayed on the substrate in each precast block basin 6-2. Subsequently, a planting hole with a depth of 15 cm and a diameter of 10 cm was excavated on the substrate in the precast block basin 6-2, then seedlings of 2-year-old flood-tolerant shrub-type Myricaria laxiflora with a height of 40-50 cm were planted into the planting hole, with a total planting density of 2 seedlings/m?, and then the planting hole was covered with substrate soil with a thickness of 5 cm. The plants were regularly maintained with water and fertilizers, dead plants were removed and replaced with new seedlings, and plant growth was monitored.

The monitoring results showed that the flood period was from July to September after the completion of the project, and after the recession and exposure in late September, the flood-tolerant and anti-season plants 8 experienced a complete process of flood inundation and recession, showing good survival and growth. The greening and growth recovery rate of the plants reached 95%, and the length of the main branches increased by an average of 8 cm. Most plants survived and grew upright without lodging, a few plants bloomed and grew tillers with some yellow leaves at the top and new shoots at the bottom. Moreover, the bank slope has been stable without erosion after the completion of the project, and the exposed topsoil remains intact, which significantly enhances the stability of soil structure in the bank.

The foregoing descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are not used to limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements that are made by those skilled in the art to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention and in accordance with the technical essence of the present invention, still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (9)

-11- Conclusies-11- Conclusions 1. Werkwijze voor het beschermen van een oeverhelling met overstromingstolerante en anti-seizoensplanten, met het kenmerk, dat de werkwijze het volgende omvat: een compact gemaakte aardebasislaag, een omgekeerdefilterlaag van geotextiel voor een helling, een steenslag voor hellingvoetbescherming, een ecologische steunwand voor hellingvoetbescherming, en een voorgegoten blok voor hellingbescherming; het vormen van de compact gemaakte aardebasislaag voor het compact maken van hellingsaarde, het leggen van de omgekeerdefilterlaag van geotextiel voor een helling op de compact gemaakte aardebasislaag; het storten van de steenslag voor hellingvoetbescherming op een oeverbasis waar een oeverstrand en een rivierbed samenkomen; het verschaffen van de ecologische steunwand voor hellingvoetbescherming boven een hellingvoetbeschermingslijn die door de steenslag voor hellingvoetbescherming gevormd wordt; het bedekken van een aardelaag op de omgekeerdefilterlaag van geotextiel voor een helling boven de ecologische steunwand voor hellingvoetbescherming om een aardebedekkende laag te vormen; het leggen van het voorgegoten blok voor hellingbescherming op de aardelaag vanaf de ecologische steunwand voor hellingvoetbescherming langs een hellingoppervlak; waarbij het voorgegoten blok voor hellingbescherming een cirkelvormig bassin van het voorgegoten blok in een middengedeelte en een buitenste frame van het voorgegoten blok bij een periferie omvat, en een bodem van het buitenste frame van het voorgegoten blok aan de aardebedekkende laag onder het buitenste frame van het voorgegoten blok gepast is; het vullen van het bassin van het voorgegoten blok met een afgemeten substraat, en waarbij een oppervlak van het afgemeten substraat vlak is met een oppervlak van het voorgegoten blok voor hellingbescherming; en het planten van de overstromingstolerantie en anti- seizoensplanten in het afgemeten substraat.A method of protecting a bank slope with flood-tolerant and anti-seasonal plants, characterized in that the method comprises: a compacted soil base layer, a geotextile inverted filter layer for a slope, a stone chip for slope foot protection, an ecological support wall for slope foot protection , and a pre-cast block for slope protection; forming the compacted earth base layer for compacting slope earth, laying the inverted geotextile filter layer for slope on the compacted earth base layer; depositing the crushed stone for slope foot protection on a riparian base where a riparian beach and a riverbed meet; providing the slope foot protection ecological support wall above a slope foot protection line formed by the slope foot protection crushed stone; covering an earth layer on the slope geotextile inverted filter layer above the slope foot protection ecological support wall to form an earth covering layer; laying the slope protection precast block on the earth layer from the slope foot protection ecological support wall along a slope surface; wherein the slope protection precast block comprises a circular basin of the precast block in a center portion and an outer frame of the precast block at a periphery, and a bottom of the outer frame of the precast block at the soil cover below the outer frame of the pre-cast block is appropriate; filling the basin of the precast block with a metered substrate, and wherein a surface of the metered substrate is flush with a surface of the precast block for slope protection; and planting the flood tolerant and anti-season plants in the metered substrate. 2. Werkwijze voor het beschermen van een oeverhelling met overstromingstolerante en anti-seizoensplanten volgens conclusie 1, met het kenmerk, dat het hellingoppervlak eerst bewerkt wordt tot een gladde helling met een gradiënt van minder dan 15°; dat de omgekeerdefilterlaag van geotextiel voorA method of protecting a bank slope with flood-tolerant and anti-season plants according to claim 1, characterized in that the slope surface is first worked into a smooth slope with a gradient of less than 15°; that the reverse filter layer of geotextile for -12- een helling gevormd wordt door het opeenvolgend leggen van stukken geotextiel, waarbij randen van aangrenzende geotextielen ten minste 30 cm met elkaar overlappen; en de steenslag voor hellingvoetbescherming gestort wordt in 2 — 3 lagen.-12- a slope is formed by sequential laying of pieces of geotextiles, with edges of adjacent geotextiles overlapping each other by at least 30 cm; and the crushed stone for slope foot protection is poured in 2 — 3 layers. 3. Werkwijze voor het beschermen van de oeverhelling met de overstromingstolerante en anti-seizoensplanten volgens conclusie 1, met het kenmerk, dat de ecologische steunwand een steenkorfwand is, met een hoogte van 0,4 — 0,6 m en een dikte van 0,2 — 0,4 m, loodrecht op een oppervlak van het rivierbed, en een bodem van de ecologische steunmuur zich 0,3 m diep in een bodem van de helling bevindt.Method for protecting the bank slope with the flood-tolerant and anti-seasonal plants according to claim 1, characterized in that the ecological supporting wall is a stone basket wall, with a height of 0.4-0.6 m and a thickness of 0.10 m. 2 — 0.4 m, perpendicular to a surface of the river bed, and a bottom of the ecological retaining wall is 0.3 m deep in a bottom of the slope. 4. Werkwijze voor het beschermen van de oeverhelling met de overstromingstolerante en anti-seizoensplanten volgens conclusie 1, met het kenmerk, dat de aardebedekkende laag een dikte van 0,2 — 0,4 m heeft.Method for protecting the bank slope with the flood-tolerant and anti-seasonal plants according to claim 1, characterized in that the earth covering layer has a thickness of 0.2 - 0.4 m. 5. Werkwijze voor het beschermen van de overhelling met de overstromingstolerante en anti-seizoensplanten volgens conclusie 1, met het kenmerk dat een middentaille van één zijde van het voorgegoten blok voor hellingbescherming een convex heeft, een middentaille die overeenkomt met de andere zijde een concaaf is, en de concaaf en de convex dezelfde grootte hebben; en twee aangrenzende voorgegoten blokken voor hellingsbescherming samen gespleten zijn om een naadloze aansluiting te vormen.A method of protecting the slope with the flood-tolerant and anti-season plants according to claim 1, characterized in that a center waist of one side of the precast slope protection block has a convex, a center waist corresponding to the other side is concave , and the concave and the convex have the same size; and two adjacent pre-cast slope protection blocks are split together to form a seamless connection. 6. Werkwijze voor het beschermen van de oeverhelling met de overstromingstolerante en anti-seizoensplanten volgens conclusie 1, met het kenmerk, dat een bodem van het bassin van het voorgegoten blok verschaft wordt met een gat van het voorgegoten blok, en het gat van het voorgegoten blok een hol gat is dat een binnenste holte van het bassin van het voorgegoten blok en de aardebedekkende laag onder het bassin van het voorgegoten blok verbindt.A method of protecting the bank slope with the flood-tolerant and anti-seasonal plants according to claim 1, characterized in that a bottom of the basin of the precast block is provided with a hole of the precast block, and the hole of the precast block block is a hollow hole that connects an inner cavity of the basin of the precast block and the covering layer below the basin of the precast block. 7. Werkwijze voor het beschermen van de oeverhelling met de overstromingstolerante en anti-seizoensplanten volgens conclusie 1, met hetA method of protecting the bank slope with the flood-tolerant and anti-seasonal plants of claim 1, comprising -13- kenmerk, dat de samenstellingen van het afgemeten substraat die zandsteen, sediment, perliet en biologische meststof omvat, bereid worden volgens een massaverhouding van 6:3:0,5:0,5; waarbij de zandsteen een deeltjesgrootte van 0,01 — 0,05 m heeft, een moddergehalte in het sediment ten minste 30% is; en het sediment afkomstig is van het slib dat afgezet wordt in rivierkanalen.-13- characterized in that the compositions of the measured substrate comprising sandstone, sediment, perlite and biological fertilizer are prepared according to a mass ratio of 6:3:0.5:0.5; wherein the sandstone has a particle size of 0.01 - 0.05 m, a mud content in the sediment is at least 30%; and the sediment comes from the silt deposited in river channels. 8. Werkwijze voor het bescherming van de oeverhelling met de overstromingstolerante en anti-seizoensplanten volgens conclusie 1, gekenmerkt door het toevoegen van een waterbemestende microbiologische bereiding met langzame vrijgave met een concentratie van 50 — 200 mg/L aan het afgemeten substraat.A method for protecting the bank slope with the flood-tolerant and anti-seasonal plants according to claim 1, characterized by adding a slow release water fertilizing microbiological preparation at a concentration of 50-200 mg/L to the metered substrate. 9. Werkwijze voor het beschermen van de oeverhelling met de overstromingstolerante en anti-seizoensplanten volgens conclusie 1, gekenmerkt door het uitgraven van een cirkelvormig beplantingsgat in het afgemeten substraat met een diepte van groter dan of gelijk aan 15 cm en een diameter van groter dan of gelijk aan 10 cm, en het vervolgens planten van zaailingen van de overstromingstolerante en anti-seizoensplanten in het beplantingsgat.A method of protecting the bank slope with the flood-tolerant and anti-seasonal plants of claim 1, characterized by excavating a circular planting hole in the measured substrate having a depth greater than or equal to 15 cm and a diameter greater than or equal to equal to 10 cm, and then planting seedlings of the flood-tolerant and anti-season plants in the planting hole.