NL2023221B1

NL2023221B1 - Ventilation climate system and method for controlling a ventilation climate system

Info

Publication number: NL2023221B1
Application number: NL2023221A
Authority: NL
Inventors: Henderikus Tulp Cornelis
Original assignee: C&M Holding B V
Priority date: 2019-05-28
Filing date: 2019-05-28
Publication date: 2020-12-07

Abstract

Ventilation climate system for regulating a climate in a room of a building, in particular a residential building, comprising: 5 - a return air system for guiding a ﬂow of return air, comprising a return air inlet for taking in return air from the room, a return air outlet arranged outside of the room for expelling return air from the return air system; - a supply air system for guiding a ﬂow of supply air, comprising a supply air inlet for taking in supply air from outside the room, a supply air outlet for supplying supply air into the 10 room; - a heat exchange system arranged between the return and supply air systems for exchanging heat between the ﬂow of return air and the ﬂow of supply air; - a temperature adjustment unit comprising a heat transfer member for adjusting the temperature of the ﬂow of supply air, wherein the heat transfer member is arranged in the supply 15 air system between the supply air inlet and the supply air outlet and downstream of the heat exchange system.

Description

Ventilation climate system and method for controlling a ventilation climate system The present invention relates to a ventilation climate system for regulating a climate, such as indoor air temperature and/or humidity, of a room in a building and a method for controlling such a ventilation climate system.

Reducing the energy consumption is a vital part of society’s current efforts of redacing the amount of greenhouse gasses, such as carbon dioxide (CQO,), that are emitted into the environment. Large numbers of scientific reports link the increase of greenhouse gas concentrations since the start of the industrial revolution with changes in the earth’s climate, such as an increase in average temperatures. In order to be able to reduce this energy consumption, while maintaining our current standards of living, increases in efficiency of existing climate systems and a reduction of the use of fossil fuels is required.

In various countries, sach as the Netherlands, natoral gas is the most common method used for heating (residential) buildings. Heat is generated by burning gas, for instance, in a central heating unit that heats a liquid, such as water, that runs through a system of tubing to various hot water radiators for heating rooms inside. Although such a system is relatively simple and cheap to install, burning natural gas results in exhaust gasses comprising carbon dioxide. Alternatively, (electric) air heaters are used for distributing hot air throughout the building. A downside is that these consume vast amounts of electricity, which is currently still mainly produced by coal and/or gas fired power plants.

Savings can be achieved by increasing the insulation values of roofs, walls and windows, such that less energy is required for heating (residential) building, such as homes, although this alone does not suffice to achieve the energy saving targets set. Also, due to increased insulation and reduction of draft, many (residential) building need a mechanical ventilation system to maintain a healthy interior climate, wherein air pollution and/or carbon dioxide levels are maintained within acceptable limits. As, due to ventilation, energy is also lost with the ventilated air, heat recovery systems exist that transfer (for example in case the outside temperature is lower compared to the inside temperature) the heat from the air ventilated out of the building to the fresh air supplied into the building, whereby energy losses can further be reduced. These systems are however typically quite expensive, require an extensive network of tubing for managing the flows the fresh supply air and exhaust (return) air ventilated out.

It is a goal of the present invention, next to other goals, to provide an improved ventilation climate system for regulating a climate, such as the temperature and/or humidity, of a room in a building and a method for controlling such a ventilation climate system wherein at least one of the above mentioned problems is at least partially alleviated.

This goal, amongst other goals, is achieved by a ventilation climate system for regulating a climate in a room of a building, in particular a residential building, comprising: - areturn air system for guiding a flow of return air, comprising a return air inlet for taking in return air from the room, a return air outlet arranged outside of the room for expelling return air from the return air system; - a supply air system for guiding a flow of supply air, comprising a supply air inlet for taking in supply air from outside the room, a supply air outlet for supplying supply air into the room; - a heat exchange system arranged between the return and supply air systems for exchanging heat between the flow of return air and the flow of supply air; - a temperature adjustment unit comprising a heat transfer member for adjusting the temperature, in particular heating and/or cooling, of the flow of supply air, wherein the heat transfer member is arranged in the supply air system between the supply air inlet and the supply air outlet and downstream of the heat exchange system.

Such a ventilation climate system is used for arranging the climate within a room while at the same time refreshing the air inside, such that an optimal and healthy living environment is obtained. Furthermore, due to the use of the heat exchange system, heat losses from ventilating are reduced, which leads to an increase in the efficiency and a reduction in the use of energy for controlling the interior climate. The fresh supply air is conditioned and delivered by the ventilation climate system, such that only a single type of infrastructure, namely tubing for guiding respectively the supply and return air, needs to be installed in a building. In traditional hot-water central heating systems, a separated ventilation system is required, thereby also increasing installation and operational costs.

Preferably, the supply air outlet is arranged for diffuse ventilation, such that supply air is supplied to the room at a slight overpressure with respect to the air pressure in the room and/or the supply air is supplied at lower air speeds than through the traditional air fresh air valves. Preferably, the supply air outlet thereby comprises an outlet-opening with a surface area that is larger than the cross-sectional surface area of air tubes comprised in the supply air system, which typically have a maximum diameter of 125mm for residential applications.

It is preferred that the temperature adjustment unit comprises a heat pump comprising an interior unit and an exterior unit, wherein heat transfer member comprises the interior unit. Heat energy naturally transfers from warmer places to colder spaces. However, a heat pump can reverse this process, by absorbing heat from a cold space and releasing it to a warmer one. Heat pumps are more efficient than traditional resistance heaters, or fossil fuel based heaters, because less high- grade energy (e.g. electricity, natural gas) is required than is released as heat. Most of the energy for heating comes from the external environment, only a fraction of which comes from, for instance, electricity. Hence, by providing the temperature adjustment unit with a heat pump, the ventilation climate system can be made more energy efficient. In particular, the exterior unit is arranged in thermal connection with the outside environment and/or air. Preferably, the exterior unit is arranged outside of the room, more preferably on the outside of the building. The interior unit is at least arranged to function as a condenser, to supply heat to the supply air, and the exterior unit is at least arranged to function as an evaporator to extract heat from the environment outside of the room or building. The heat pump preferably further comprises a compressor for increasing a pressure of the refrigerant, such as R32 refrigerant, that flows through the condenser and an expansion valve for decreasing the pressure of the refrigerant that flows through the evaporator. Preferably, the heat pump further comprises a switching mechanism for reversing the operation of the heat pump, such that the same system can be used for respective heating and cooling of the supply air passing the heat transfer member. In particular, if the supply air is to be heated, the interior unit acts as the condenser and the exterior unit as the evaporator, and, if the supply air is to be cooled, the interior unit acts as the evaporator and the exterior unit as the condenser.

In a preferred embodiment, the heat transfer member, in particular the interior unit comprises a first refrigerant coil comprising a refrigerant, and wherein a second refrigerant coil comprising the refrigerant is arranged outside the room, in particular the exterior unit comprises the second refrigerant coil, wherein the first and second refrigerant coils are arranged as a condenser and/or evaporator. By arranging the first refrigerant coil in the heat transfer member, an efficient and direct transfer of heat from, or to, the flow of supply air is obtained. Thereby, allowing one to precisely condition the temperature and/or humidity of the supply air that is supplied to the room through the supply air outlet. Preferably, the refrigerant coils are arranged as direct expansion coils. Hereby, a separator, which often comprises a vessel that is used to separate gaseous and fluid refrigerant, is not required, such that a more compact heat pump system can be obtained.

In a preferred embodiment of the ventilation climate system, the return air outlet is coupled to the heat pump, in particular to the exterior unit of the heat pump. After passing through the heat exchanger system, the relative temperature difference between the return air and the outside air will have decreased, nonetheless a difference will typically remain. For example, in the winter, the temperature of the return air leaving the outlet will tend to be a bit higher when compared to the outside temperature. In addition, the return air will typically also have a higher relative humidity. It thus takes the heat pump less effort to extract heat from the return air, then from the outside air. Or in other words, to produce the same amount of heat, it would require simply less energy in case the heat pump is coupled to the return air outlet. The effect is reversed in the summer, when needing to IO cool the supply air. In that case the heat pump needs to transfer the heat to the outside air, whose temperature is higher compared to the inside temperature. As the temperature of the return air, after having passed the heat exchange system, is still a bit lower when compared to the outside air, it will take less effort for the heat pump to cool the supply air to the desired temperature. This effect can be further improved by arranging the return air system such that the flow of return air passes at least the exterior unit for respectively ejecting at least a part of the heat into, or taking up at least a part of the heat from, the expelled return air. In a preferred embodiment of the ventilation climate system, the exterior unit is arranged inside, or is coupled to, an air mixing unit that is arranged for taking in air from the outside environment, in particular outside the room and/or building, wherein the return air outlet is coupled to the air mixing unit and wherein the air mixing unit is arranged for mixing the expelled return air and the air from outside the room. Note that the exterior unit is arranged for taking in air of the air mixing unit. In case the exterior unit requires a larger flow of air than the return air system provides at that moment, air from outside the room {or outdoor air) is taken in by the air mixing unit. Hereby, the energy efficiency of the heat pump process and thereby of the ventilation climate system is further increased. For this it is further preferred that the air mixing unit comprises at least one first opening for allowing air from outside the room (or outdoor air) into the mixing unit or to allow the flow of air from inside the air mixing unit to the outside. The air mixing unit preferably also comprises at least one second opening for expelling the flow of air having passed the exterior unit.

Preferably, the exterior unit further comprises a controllable mechanical ventilator that is arranged for adjusting the flow of air from the air mixing unit passing the exterior unit, in particular the second refrigerant coil. Hereby, a mostly self-regulating air mixing system is obtained. If the flow of return air is smaller then the flow of air passing the exterior unit, in particular the second refrigerant coil, the air mixing unit will be at an under-pressure, whereby outside air is automatically drawn in. If the flow of return air is larger then the flow of air passing one of the condenser and or evaporator, in particular the second refrigerant coil, the air mixing unit will be at an over-pressure, whereby the return air is automatically pushed out of the air mixing unit to the outside environment.

5 In a preferred embodiment of the ventilation climate system, it further comprises a measurement unit for measuring a temperature, relative humidity, CO; concentration, (indoor) air quality or a combination of any of these, preferably in the room, and a controller arranged for controlling the flow of return and/or supply air and/or the temperature adjustment of the supply air in dependence of the measurement taken by the measurement unit. Indoor air quality (IAQ) can be affected by gases, such as carbon monoxide, radon, volatile organic compounds (VOC), particulates, microbial contaminants (such as mold, bacteria, etc.), or any mass or energy stressor that can induce adverse health conditions. In a ventilation climate system that is arranged for controlling the interior climate of a room, or a building, and that aims for providing a comfortable and/or healthy interior climate, it is useful to measure at least some of the parameters that determine the quality of the interior climate. By controlling the ventilation climate system accordingly, the quality of the interior climate aimed for is obtainable by selectively controlling the different subsystems, such as the return air system, supply air system and temperature adjustment unit of the ventilation climate system, such that the entire system can be run efficiently and further energy savings are achieved.

Itis further preferred that the measurement unit comprises a temperature and/or humidity sensor for measuring the temperature and/or humidity of the supply air at the supply air inlet, a temperature and/or humidity sensor for measuring a temperature and/or humidity of the room of the building, wherein the controller comprises temperature and/or humidity setpoint for the room and wherein the controller is arranged for controlling the flow of return and/or supply air and/or the temperature adjustment unit in dependence of at least the measured temperature and/or humidity of the room, the measured temperature and/or humidity of the supply air at the supply air inlet and the temperature and/or humidity setpoint. If, for instance, indoor temperature and humidity are measured and controlled parameters, the controller will also have to take the temperature adjustment of the supply air into account. In case a combination of the above noted parameters is measured and taken into account for controlling the interior climate, the controller is arranged to control the flow of return air, the flow of supply air and/or the temperature adjustment of the supply air is such a manner that a comfortable and healthy interior climate can obtained, with acceptable levels of CO, concentrations and/or indoor air quality, and a comfortable combination of temperature and humidity.

It is then preferred that the controller is arranged to determine one of the temperature setpoint and air humidity setpoint in dependence of the other of the temperature setpoint and air humidity setpoint. These comfortable combinations are for instance defined by the comfort zones as defined by EN15251, which are often provided on the Mollier diagram, which is a graphic representation of the relationship between air temperature, moisture content and enthalpy. Hence, the controller can, for instance, define an air humidity setpoint, which is a targeted air humidity in the interior climate of the room, based on the temperature setpoint. Hereby, the persons in the room (or building) only need to provide a temperature setpoint that is to their liking, and the controller is arranged to determine a suitable air humidity setpoint. These setpoints are then used by the controller for controlling the different subsystems, such as the return air system, supply air system and temperature adjustment unit of the ventilation climate system. In a preferred embodiment, the measurement unit comprises a sensor for measuring a CO, concentration and/or air quality of the room of the building, wherein the controller is arranged for controlling the flow of return and/or supply air based on the measured CO, concentration and/or indoor air quality of the room. In case that CO, concentrations and/or air quality are parameters that are measured and taken into account by the controller for driving the ventilation system, it is for instance possible that, if CO: concentrations are too high and/or indoor air quality too low, which is for instance caused by large amounts of people being present in the room, the controller will increase the flow of return and/or supply air in order to respectively extract and/or dilute the unwanted gases affecting CO: concentrations and/or indoor air quality. At the same time, if no, or merely a few, people are present in the room, the flow of return and/or supply air can be decreased while maintaining the CO: concentrations and/or indoor air quality at acceptable levels, such that the ventilation climate system can be run very (energy) efficiently.

In a preferred embodiment, the system is arranged for keeping the room (and/or building) at an overpressure with respect to the environment outside of the room (and/or building). The overpressure first of all reduces the infiltration of unconditioned air through air gaps in the outer shell of the room and/or building. Secondly, the overpressure aids in the process of obtaining a homogeneous climate in the room, e.g. a climate with a substantially equal distribution of the temperature and/or humidity throughout the room. For instance, molecules comprised in air that is warmer with respect to the air held inside the room tend to move faster, as these faster molecules collide with the other molecules the kinetic energy is exchanged between molecules in the room. Heat conduction, also called diffusion resulting from Brownian motion of the molecules, is the direct microscopic exchange of kinetic energy of particles through the boundary between two systems. As, with an increase of pressure, the amount of molecules in the air increase, the occurrences of collision also increase, such that faster diffusion is obtained. Hereby, the climate ventilation system is able to obtain a substantial homogenies climate in a room, thus resulting in comfortable living conditions.

In a preferred embodiment of the ventilation climate system, the supply air system further comprises a bypass channel and a controllable bypass valve, wherein the bypass channel is arranged for creating a bypass-flow of supply air that passes around the heat exchange system and whereby the controllable bypass valve is arranged to be controlled by the controller for controlling an amount of supply air that flows through the bypass-channel. For instance, in the summer, morning temperatures in many European countries tend to be relatively low, the controller of the ventilation climate system could then be programmed to have the flow of cool supply air to bypass the heat exchange system, such that the temperature in the room, or building, is quickly lowered. Without the bypass, the heat exchange system would recover most of the heat from the return system, whereby further cooling would be required by the temperature adjustment unit, which requires the use of further energy. The controller could then also be arranged such that it allows the room temperature to be decreased to a point that is lower than the setpoint, such that later in the day, less active cooling (by the heat adjustment unit) is required to keep a comfortable, cool, climate in the room. Hereby, significant energy savings can be achieved in the summer.

Itis preferred that the ventilation climate system further comprises an electric air heater that is arranged in the supply air system downstream of the temperature adjustment unit and wherein the controller is arranged to control the heat supplied to the supply air by the electric air heater. The electric air heater can be used for heating the supply air even further, if the heat exchange system and temperature adjustment unit are not able to reach the target supply air temperature.

Furthermore, it can be used in combination with the cooling capabilities of the temperature adjustment unit to decrease the (absolute) humidity of the supply air. By first cooling the supply air up to a point that part of the humidity starts to condense, the absolute humidity of the supply air is decreased. Afterwards, the electric air heater can be used to increase the supply air temperature again. Hereby, the supply air temperature and (absolute and relative) humidity of the supply air can beregulated by a single ventilation climate system, such that the interior climate, in terms of temperature and humidity, can be accurately controlled in an optimum manner.

In a preferred embodiment, a return mechanical ventilation unit, such as a return mechanical ventilator, for driving the flow of return air is arranged downstream of the heat exchange system and/or wherein a supply mechanical ventilation anit, such as a supply mechanical ventilator, for driving the flow of supply air is arranged downstream of the heat exchange system. Mechanical ventilation units provide for an effective, simple and robust solution for controlling the different air flows. In combination with the air mixing unit, the power of the return mechanical ventilation unit can adjusted to ensure a predefined return flow even in case of a change of pressure at the return air outlet.

This goal, amongst other goals, is further achieved by a method for regulating a climate in a room of a building, in particular a residential building, by means of a ventilation climate system according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the method comprises the steps of: - setting a temperature and/or humidity setpoint for the room in a controller of the ventilation climate system; - measuring, by means of a sensor, a temperature and/or humidity in the room; - controlling a flow of return air and/or supply air based on the temperature and/or humidity setpoint and the measured temperature and/or humidity in the room; - controlling the temperature adjustment unit for adjusting the temperature of the supply air As has been noted before, by controlling the ventilation climate system accordingly, the quality of the interior climate aimed for is obtainable by selectively controlling the different subsystems, such as the return air system, supply air system and temperature adjustment unit of the ventilation climate system, such that the entire system can be run efficiently and energy savings are achieved.

In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises the steps of: - determining, based on predefined comfort settings that are defined as a relation between temperature and humidity and at least one of the predefined temperature and humidity setpoints, the other of the predefined temperature and humidity setpoints; - comparing, using the controller, the measured temperature and humidity in the room with the predefined temperature and humidity setpoints; - determining, based on the comparison, a target supply air temperature and/or humidity for the flow of supply air supplied through the supply air outlet; - adjusting the flow of return air and/or the flow of supply air and the temperature adjustment of the supply air based on the target supply air temperature and/or humidity. As has been noted before, the comfortable combinations are for instance defined by the comfort zones as defined by EN15251, which are often provided on the Mollier diagram, which is a graphic representation of the relationship between air temperature, moisture content and enthalpy. These setpoints are then used by the controller for controlling the different subsystems, such as the return air system, supply air system and temperature adjustment unit of the ventilation climate system, in an efficient manner.

In a preferred embodiment, the method comprises the steps of: - measuring a temperature and/or humidity of the flow of supply air downstream of the heat exchanger system;

- determining a difference between the temperature and/or humidity of the flow of supply air downstream of the heat exchanger system and the target supply air temperature and/or humidity;

- adjusting the flow of return air and/or the flow of supply air and the temperature adjustment of the supply air based on the difference between the temperature and/or humidity of the flow of supply air downstream of the heat exchanger system and the target supply air temperature and/or humidity.

Hereby, an efficient method for regulating the interior climate is obtained, as has been mentioned before.

Ina preferred embodiment, the method comprises the step of: - controlling the bypass-valve for adjusting the bypass-flow of supply air that passes around the heat exchange system.

As has been noted above, for instance significant energy savings can be achieved in the summer.

Preferably, the method also comprises the steps of: - Determining an indoor air quality by measuring volatile organic compounds (VOC) and/or CO; concentrations of the return air taken in by the return air inlet; - Determining, using the controller, a minimum flow of return and/or supply air; - Controlling the mechanical supply and/or return ventilation units for obtaining the minimum flow of return and/or supply air.

Hereby, the ventilation climate system is also able to ensure a healthy indoor air quality, as has also been noted above.

The present invention is further illustrated by the following figures, which show preferred embodiments of the ventilation climate system, and methods of controlling the ventilation climate system, according to the invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, wherein: Figure 1 shows schematically a perspective view of the interior of a house comprising an embodiment of the ventilation climate system.

Figure 2 schematically shows an embodiment of the ventilation climate system.

Figure 1 shows schematically a perspective view of the interior of a residential building, in particular a house 1, comprising an embodiment of the ventilation climate system 100. The house 1 comprises a number of different rooms, such as a kitchen, bathroom and toilet, and different living and/or sleeping quarters. In order to control the interior climate of the interior of the building 1, in particular of the different rooms, a ventilation climate system 100 is arranged.

The system 100 comprises a return air system, which comprises a return air collection system 2 that can comprise a number of return air tubes 21. At the ends, and/or along, the return air tubes 21 a number of return air inlets 22 can be arranged for taking in return air that is to be expelled from the building 1 into the outside environment 6. The ventilation climate system 100 can further comprise a supply air (distribution) system 3 that can comprise a number of supply air tubes 31 for distributing fresh supply air to a room, or multiple rooms, in the house 1, or building. For this purpose, the number of supply air tubes 31, fitted with one supply air outlet 33, or a number of supply air outlets 33, can be provided throughout the house 1. Return air inlets 22 are usually provided in the rooms wherein either pollutions, odours and/or high {levels of relative) humidity originates from, such as the kitchen, bathroom and toilet, whereas supply air outlets 33 are typically provided in the living/sleeping rooms and/or quarters, such that the flow of ventilation air inside the house 1 runs from the supply air outlets 33 to the return air inlets 22, thereby preventing the pollations, odours and/or high humidity to distribute throughout the house 1, or building.

Return air that is taken in by the return air collection system 2 passes the central unit 200 before exiting through the return air outlet 23 that is often provided in a chimney arranged on the roof 4. Fresh supply air is taken in from the outside 6 at the supply air inlet 32, preferably at a location well separated from the return air outlet 23. After being taken in, the flow of fresh supply air passes the central unit 200, wherein the supply air can be conditioned, at least in terms of temperature and/or relative and/or absolute humidity, before being distributed throughout the housing by the supply air distribution system 3. Figure 2 schematically shows an embodiment of the ventilation climate system 100, comprising controller 250 for controlling the different subsystems of the ventilation climate system 100. Dotted line 5 indicates a border between the interior of the house 1, and/or building, and the outside environment 6. Supply air system 3 and return air system 2 run through the central unit 200, wherein a heat exchange system 201 is arranged for exchanging heat between the flow of supply air in the supply air system 3 and the flow of return air in the return air system 2. Heat exchange system 201 can comprise a cross-flow heat exchanger that is made of thin metal panels, normally aluminium. The thermal energy is exchanged via the panels and the supply air and return air flows are kept completely separate from one another, such that no humidity, air pollution and or odours are exchanged from the return air flow to the supply air flow. Note however, that other types of heat exchanger can also be used in the heat exchange system 201.

Starting from the return air inlet 22, the flow of return air that runs through the return air system 2 can first pass a return air filter 221 for stopping any particles that are too large and could potentially damage or pollute any components arranged stream apwards. A return pressure- difference sensor 222 is arranged to measure a pressure drop over the return air filter 221. A high pressure drop could indicate that the filter 221 is clogged and that the filter 221 either needs changing or cleaning. By connecting pressure-difference sensor 222 to the controller 250, the controller 250 can indicate if service to return air filter 221 is required. Downstream of return air filter 221, a first return air sensor 223 can be arranged that is arranged for measuring a temperature, (relative) humidity and/or volatile organic compounds (VOC) of the return air taken in by the return air system 2. By linking sensor 223 to the controller 250, a feedback control loop for controlling the ventilation climate system 100 can be arranged.

After having passed the heat exchanger system 201, a temperature sensor 204 can be arranged that can be linked to the controller 250, such that a the temperature difference due to passing the heat exchanger system 201 can be determined. In order to generate and control the flow of return air, a mechanical ventilator 225, or simply a fan, is arranged, which is arranged alongside a return flow meter 226 for determining the actual flow of return air. Based on the determined flow, the controller 250 is arranged for regulating the power of the mechanical ventilator 225, such that a closed control loop is obtained for the flow of retarn air, After having passed the mechanical fan 225, the return air is pushed towards the return air outlet 23 that can be coupled to an air mixing unit 260, such that the return air is expelled in the air mixing unit 260. The air mixing unit 260, which is also referred to as an air mixing chamber 260, is arranged for mixing the expelled return air originating from the return air system 2 and air from outside 6, that can enter the air mixing chamber 260 through at least a first opening 261 that acts as an outdoor air inlet. As has been noted earlier, air from inside the air mixing unit 260 can then flow through the second coil 212, which further increases the energy efficiency of the ventilation climate system 100. Second coil 221 can also fitted by a controllable mechanical ventilator 216 for forcing a flow of air from the mixing chamber 260 to pass the second coil 212 towards the outside environment 6.

Fresh supply air is taken in from the outside environment 6 by the supply air inlet 32, where after the flow of supply air that runs through the supply air system 3 can first pass a supply air filter 231 for stopping any particles that are too large and could potentially damage any components arranged stream upwards in the supply air system 2. A supply pressure-difference sensor 232 is arranged, similar to the arrangement on the return air system, to measure a pressure drop over the supply air filter 231. By connecting pressure-difference sensor 232 to the controller 250, the controller 250 can indicate if service to supply air filter 231 is required.

Downstream of supply air filter 231, a first supply air sensor 233 can be arranged that is arranged for measuring a temperature and/or (relative) humidity of the fresh supply air taken in by the supply air system 2. By linking sensor

233 to the controller 250, a feedforward control loop for controlling the ventilation climate system 100 can be arranged, wherein the components downstream can be at least partly be controlled based on the temperature and/or (relative) humidity of the fresh supply air taken in.

Before the supply air arrives at the heat exchange system 201, it can be such that it first passes adjustable bypass-valve(s) 241 that can be adjusted by the bypass-actuator 242 that can be controlled by controller 250. The setting of the adjustable bypass-valve(s) 241 determines the percentage of the flow of supply air that bypasses the heat-exchange system 201 via bypass- channel 240. The bypass 240 enables, as has been noted before, to, for instance, quickly supply a large amount of cool air in the morning, in order to cost-effectively lower temperatures throughout the house 1. A second supply air sensor 234 for measuring a temperature and/or humidity of the supply air, that can be coupled controller 250, can be arranged downstream of the heat exchange system 201 and the bypass-channel 240. Hereby, the temperature difference of the supply air can, for instance, be determined due to passing the heat exchanger system 201 by at least a part of the supply air.

In order to generate and control the flow of supply air, a mechanical supply ventilator 235, or simply a fan, is arranged, which is arranged alongside a supply flow meter 236 for determining the actual flow of supply air.

Based on the determined flow of supply air, the controller 250 is arranged for regulating the power of the mechanical supply ventilator 235, such that a closed control loop is obtained for the flow of supply air.

The ventilation climate system 100 further comprises the temperature adjustment unit.

In the current embodiment, the temperature adjustment unit is provided downstream of the mechanical supply ventilator in the form a heat pump 210, comprising a first coil 211 and a second coil 212, a compressor 213 and expansion valve 214. The coils 211, 212 are preferably direct expansion coils, such that a separator would not be required by the heat pump 210. The first coil 211 is arranged downstream of the heat exchanger system 201, such that supply air can pass the heat exchanger system 201 before passing the first coil 211. First and second coils 211, 212 can be arranged to function as an evaporator and a condenser, or in other words as a heat source and a heat sink. In case the supply air needs to heated, the first coil 211 will act as an evaporator that releases thermal energy to the supply air, this thermal energy originates mostly from the second coil 212 that is arranged outside 6 of the room and/or house 1 and is arranged to act as an evaporator that extracts thermal energy from the outside environment 6. The compressor 213 and expansion valve 214 can be arranged in a separated housing 215, or be arranged with the first coil 211 or second coil 212. In case the supply air needs to be cooled, the operation of the heat pump 210 is reversed, whereby the IO first coils 211 acts as the evaporator and the second coil 212 acts as the condenser. Refrigerant temperature sensors 217, 218 can be applied to the supply lines 219 of the heat pump system for determining the temperature of the refrigerant, for instance R32 refrigerant, running in the supply lines 219. These values can, for instance, be used by the controller for determining a correct operation of the heat pump and/or the amount of thermal energy that is supplied to, or taken from, the flow of supply air passing the first coil 211. A third supply air sensor 237 for measuring a temperature and/or humidity of the supply air, that can be coupled controller 250, can be provided downstream of the first coil 211. In case, based on for instance the measurements taken by the third supply air sensor 237, the controller 250 finds that the supply air requires further heating, an electrical heater 238 is supplied downstream of the third supply air sensor 237. A fourth supply air sensor 238 for measuring a temperature and/or humidity of the supply air that is directed to the supply air outlet(s) 33 can be provided and can, for instance, be used in a closed control loop of the controller 250 that is used to conditioning the supply air to the correct temperature and/or humidity.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiment shown, but extends also to other embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

ConclusiesConclusions

1. Ventilatieklimaatsysteem voor het regelen van een klimaat in een kamer van een gebouw, in het bijzonder een woongebouw, omvattende: - een retourluchtsysteem voor het geleiden van een retourluchtstroom, omvattende een retourluchtinlaat voor het opnemen van retourlucht uit de kamer, een retourluchtuitlaat die is aangebracht buiten de kamer voor het verdrijven van retourlucht uit het retourluchtsysteem; - een toevoerluchtsysteem voor het geleiden van een toevoerluchtstroom, omvattende een toevoerluchtinlaat voor het opnemen van toevoerlacht van buiten de kamer, een toevoerluchtuitiaat voor het toevoeren van toevoerlucht in de kamer; - een warmtewisselingssysteem dat is aangebracht tussen de retour- en toevoerluchtsystemen voor het uitwisselen van warmte tussen de retourluchtstroom en de toevoerluchtstroom; - een temperatuuraanpassingseenheid omvattende een warmteoverdrachtorgaan voor het aanpassen van de temperatuur van de toevoerlachtstroom, waarbij het warmteoverdrachtsorgaan stroomafwaarts van het warmtewisselingssysteem is aangebracht in het toevoerluchtsysteem tussen de toevoerluchtinlaat en de toevoertuchtuitiaat.Ventilation climate system for controlling a climate in a room of a building, in particular a residential building, comprising: - a return air system for guiding a return air flow, comprising a return air inlet for taking return air from the room, a return air outlet that is located outside the room for expelling return air from the return air system; - a supply air system for guiding a supply air flow, comprising a supply air inlet for receiving supply air from outside the room, a supply air outlet for supplying supply air into the room; - a heat exchange system installed between the return and supply air systems for exchanging heat between the return air flow and the supply air flow; - a temperature adjustment unit comprising a heat transfer means for adjusting the temperature of the supply heat stream, the heat transfer means being arranged downstream of the heat exchange system in the supply air system between the supply air inlet and the supply air outlet.

2. Ventilatieklimaatsysteem volgens conclusie 1, waarbij de temperatuuraanpassingseenheid een warmtepomp omvat die een binneneenheid en een buiteneenheid omvat, waarbij het warmteoverdrachtsorgaan de binneneenheid omvat.Ventilation climate system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature adjustment unit comprises a heat pump comprising an indoor unit and an outdoor unit, the heat transfer member comprising the indoor unit.

3. Ventilatieklimaatsysteem volgens conclusie 1 of 2, waarbij het warmteoverdrachtsorgaan een eerste koelmiddelspiraal omvat, omvattende een koelmiddel, en waarbij een tweede koelmiddelspiraal omvattende het koelmiddel buiten de ruimte is opgesteld, waarbij de eerste en tweede koelmiddelspiralen zijn opgesteld als een condensor en/of verdamper.Ventilation climate system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat transfer means comprises a first coolant coil comprising a coolant, and wherein a second coolant coil comprising the coolant is disposed outside the space, the first and second coolant coils being disposed as a condenser and / or evaporator .

4. Ventilatieklimaatsysteem volgens conclusies 2 of 3, waarbij de retourluchtuitlaat is gekoppeld aan de warmtepomp.Ventilation climate system according to claims 2 or 3, wherein the return air outlet is coupled to the heat pump.

5. Ventilatieklimaatsysteem volgens ten minste één van de voorgaande conclusies 2 - 4, waarbij het retourluchtsysteem zodanig is ingericht dat de retourluchtstroom de buiteneenheid passeert voor het respectievelijk afstoten van ten minste een deel van de warmte in, of opnemen van minste een deel van de warmte aan, de verdreven retourlucht.Ventilation climate system according to at least one of the preceding claims 2-4, wherein the return air system is arranged such that the return air flow passes the outdoor unit for respectively rejecting at least a part of the heat or absorbing at least a part of the heat. on, the expelled return air.

6. Ventilatieklimaatsysteem volgens ten minste één van de voorgaande conclusies 4 - 5, waarbij de buiteneenheid is opgesteld binnen, of gekoppeld aan, een luchtmenginrichting die is ingericht voor het opnemen van lacht van buiten de kamer, waarbij de retourluchtuitlaat is gekoppeld aan de luchtmenginrichting en waarbij de luchtmenginrichting is ingericht voor het mengen van de verdreven retourlucht en de Jucht van buiten de kamer.Ventilation climate system according to at least one of the preceding claims 4-5, wherein the outdoor unit is arranged within, or coupled to, an air mixing device adapted to receive laughs from outside the room, the return air outlet being coupled to the air mixing device and wherein the air mixing device is adapted to mix the expelled return air and the air from outside the room.

7. Ventilatieklimaatsysteem volgens ten minste één van de voorgaande conclusies, verder omvattende een meeteenheid voor het meten van een temperatuur, relatieve vochtigheid, CO,- concentratie, luchtkwaliteit of een combinatie van elk van deze, en een regelaar ingericht voor het regelen van de retourluchtstroom en/of toevoerluchtstroom en/of de temperatuuraanpassing van de toevoerlucht in afhankelijkheid van de meting van de meeteenheid.Ventilation climate system according to at least one of the preceding claims, further comprising a measuring unit for measuring a temperature, relative humidity, CO, concentration, air quality or a combination of any of these, and a controller adapted to regulate the return air flow. and / or supply air flow and / or the temperature adjustment of the supply air depending on the measurement of the measuring unit.

8. Ventilatieklimaatsysteem volgens conclusie 7, waarbij de meeteenheid een temperatuur- en/of vochtigheidssensor omvat voor het meten van de temperatuur en/of vochtigheid van de toevoerlucht bij de toevoerluchtinlaat, een temperatuur- en/of vochtigheidssensor voor het meten van een temperatuur en/of vochtigheid van de ruimte van het gebouw, waarbij de regelaar temperatuur- en/of vochtigheidsinstelwaarde voor de ruimte omvat en waarbij de regelaar is ingericht voor het regelen van de retourluchtstroom en/of toevoerluchtstroom en/of de temperatuuraanpassingseenheid in afhankelijkheid van ten minste de gemeten temperatuur en/of vochtigheid van de ruimte, de gemeten temperatuur en/of vochtigheid van de toevoerlucht bij de toevoerluchtinlaat en de temperatuur- en/of vochtigheidsinstelwaarde.Ventilation climate system according to claim 7, wherein the measuring unit comprises a temperature and / or humidity sensor for measuring the temperature and / or humidity of the supply air at the supply air inlet, a temperature and / or humidity sensor for measuring a temperature and / or or humidity of the room of the building, wherein the controller comprises temperature and / or humidity setpoint for the room and wherein the controller is adapted to regulate the return air flow and / or supply air flow and / or the temperature adjustment unit depending on at least the measured temperature and / or humidity of the room, the measured temperature and / or humidity of the supply air at the supply air inlet and the temperature and / or humidity setpoint.

9. Ventilatieklimaatsysteem volgens conclusie 8, waarbij de regelaar is ingericht voor het bepalen van de ene van de temperatuurinstelwaarde en de luchtvochtigheidinstelwaarde in afhankelijkheid van de andere van de temperatuurinstelwaarde en de luchtvochtigheidinstelwaarde .9. Ventilation climate system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the controller is adapted to determine one of the temperature set value and the air humidity set value in dependence on the other of the temperature set value and the air humidity set value.

10. Ventilatieklimaatsysteem volgens ten minste één van de voorgaande conclusies 7 - 9, waarbij de meeteenheid een sensor omvat voor het meten van een CO,-concentratie en/of luchtkwaliteit van de kamer van het gebouw, waarbij de regelaar is ingericht voor het regelen van de retourluchtstroom en/of toevoerluchtstroom op basis van de gemeten CO‚;-concentratie en/of luchtkwaliteit van de ruimte.Ventilation climate system according to at least one of the preceding claims 7-9, wherein the measuring unit comprises a sensor for measuring a CO, concentration and / or air quality of the room of the building, wherein the controller is adapted to control the return air flow and / or supply air flow based on the measured CO, - concentration and / or air quality of the room.

11. Ventilatieklimaatsysteem volgens ten minste één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarbij het systeem is ingericht om de ruimte op een overdruk te houden ten opzichte van de omgeving buiten het gebouw.Ventilation climate system according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the system is designed to keep the space at an overpressure with respect to the environment outside the building.

12. Ventilatieklimaatsysteem volgens ten minste één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarbij het toevoerluchtsysteem verder een omleidingskanaal en een regelbare omleidingsklep omvat, waarbij het omloopkanaal is ingericht voor het creëren van een omloopstroom van toevoerlucht die om het warmtewisselingssysteem gaat en waarbij de regelbare omleidingsklep is ingericht om te worden aangestuurd door de regelaar voor het regelen van een hoeveelheid toevoertucht die door het omleidingskanaal stroomt.Ventilation climate system according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the supply air system further comprises a bypass channel and a controllable bypass valve, the bypass channel being arranged to create a bypass flow of supply air circulating around the heat exchange system and the controllable bypass valve being arranged to to be controlled by the controller to control an amount of supply air flowing through the bypass channel.

13. Ventilatieklimaatsysteem volgens ten minste één van de voorgaande conclusies, verder omvattende een elektrische luchtverwarmer die stroomafwaarts van de temperatuuraanpassingseenheid in het toevoerluchtsysteem is aangebracht en waarbij de regelaar is ingericht om de warmte die door de elektrische luchtverwarmer aan de toevoerlucht wordt toegevoerd te regelen.Ventilation climate system according to at least one of the preceding claims, further comprising an electric air heater arranged downstream of the temperature adjustment unit in the supply air system and wherein the controller is arranged to control the heat supplied by the electric air heater to the supply air.

14. Ventilatieklimaatsysteem volgens ten minste één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarbij een retour-mechanische-ventilatie-eenheid voor het aandrijven van de retourstroomlucht stroomafwaarts van het warmtewisselingssysteem is aangebracht en/of waarbij een toevoer- mechanische-ventilatie-eenheid voor het aandrijven van de toevoerluchtstroom stroomafwaarts van het warmtewisselingssysteem is aangebracht.Ventilation climate system according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein a return mechanical ventilation unit for driving the return flow air is arranged downstream of the heat exchange system and / or wherein a supply mechanical ventilation unit for driving the supply air flow is arranged downstream of the heat exchange system.

15. Werkwijze voor het regelen van een klimaat in een kamer van een gebouw, in het bijzonder een woongebouw, door middel van een ventilatieklimaatsysteem volgens ten minste één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de werkwijze de stappen omvat van: - het instellen van een temperatour- en/of vochtigheidsinstelwaarde voor de ruimte in een regelaar van het ventilatieklimaatsysteem; - het, door middel van een sensor, meten van een temperatuur en/of vochtigheid in de kamer; - het regelen van een retourluchtstroom en/of toevoerluchtstroom op basis van de temperatuur- en/of vochtigheidsinstelwaarde en de gemeten temperatuur en/of vochtigheid in de ruimte; - het aansturen van de temperatuuraanpassingseenheid voor het aanpassen van de temperatuur van de toevoerlucht.A method of controlling a climate in a room of a building, in particular a residential building, by means of a ventilation climate system according to at least one of the preceding claims, the method comprising the steps of: - setting a temperature - and / or humidity set value for the room in a controller of the ventilation climate system; - measuring, by means of a sensor, a temperature and / or humidity in the room; - regulating a return air flow and / or supply air flow on the basis of the temperature and / or humidity set value and the measured temperature and / or humidity in the room; - controlling the temperature adjustment unit for adjusting the temperature of the supply air.

16. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 15, verder omvattende de stappen van: - het, op basis van vooraf gedefinieerde comfortinstellingen die worden gedefinieerd als een relatie tussen temperatuur en vochtigheid en ten minste één van de vooraf gedefinieerde temperatuur- en vochtigheidsinstelwaarden, bepalen van de andere van de vooraf gedefinieerde temperatuur- en vochtigheidsinstelwaarden; - het vergelijken, gebruikmakend van de regelaar, van de gemeten temperatuur en vochtigheid in de ruimte met de vooraf gedefinieerde temperatuur- en vochtigheidsinstelwaarden; - het, op basis van de vergelijking, bepalen van een beoogde toevoerhuchttemperatuur en/of toevoerluchtvochtigheid voor de stroom toevoerlucht die wordt toegevoerd door de toevoerluchtuitlaat; - het aanpassen van de retourluchtstroom en/of de toevoerluchtstroom en de temperatuuraanpassing van de toevoerlucht op basis van de beoogde toevoerluchttemperatuur en/of IO toevoerluchtvochtigheid.A method according to claim 15, further comprising the steps of: - based on predefined comfort settings defined as a relationship between temperature and humidity and at least one of the predefined temperature and humidity setting values, determining the other of the predefined temperature and humidity set values; - comparing, using the controller, the measured temperature and humidity in the room with the predefined temperature and humidity set values; - determining, on the basis of the comparison, a target supply air temperature and / or supply air humidity for the flow of supply air supplied through the supply air outlet; - adjusting the return air flow and / or the supply air flow and the temperature adjustment of the supply air on the basis of the target supply air temperature and / or IO supply air humidity.

17. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 15 of 16, verder omvattende de stappen van: - het stroomafwaarts van het warmtewisselaarsysteem meten van een temperatuur en/of vochtigheid van de toevoerluchtstroom; - het bepalen van een verschil tussen de temperatuur en/of de vochtigheid van de toevoerluchtstroom stroomafwaarts van het warmtewisselaarsysteem en de beoogde toevoerluchttemperatuur en/of toevoerluchtvochtigheid; - het aanpassen van de retourluchtstroom en/of de toevoerluchtstroom en de temperatuuraanpassing van de toevoerlucht op basis van het verschil tussen de temperatuur en/of vochtigheid van de toevoerluchtstroom stroomafwaarts van het warmtewisselaarsysteem en de beoogde toevoerluchttemperatuur en/of toevoerluchtvochtigheid.A method according to claim 15 or 16, further comprising the steps of: - measuring a temperature and / or humidity of the supply air flow downstream of the heat exchanger system; - determining a difference between the temperature and / or the humidity of the supply air flow downstream of the heat exchanger system and the intended supply air temperature and / or supply air humidity; - adjusting the return air flow and / or the supply air flow and the temperature adjustment of the supply air based on the difference between the temperature and / or humidity of the supply air flow downstream of the heat exchanger system and the target supply air temperature and / or supply air humidity.

18. Werkwijze volgens een van de voorgaande conclusies 15 - 17, omvattende de stap van: - het aansturen van de omloopklep voor het aanpassen van de omloopstroom van toevoerlucht die om het warmtewisselingssysteem stroomt.18. A method according to any one of the preceding claims 15 - 17, comprising the step of: - controlling the bypass valve to adjust the bypass flow of supply air that flows around the heat exchange system.