NL2010070C2 - Fastener. - Google Patents
Fastener. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL2010070C2 NL2010070C2 NL2010070A NL2010070A NL2010070C2 NL 2010070 C2 NL2010070 C2 NL 2010070C2 NL 2010070 A NL2010070 A NL 2010070A NL 2010070 A NL2010070 A NL 2010070A NL 2010070 C2 NL2010070 C2 NL 2010070C2
- Authority
- NL
- Netherlands
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- metal
- head
- shank
- connecting means
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 70
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 66
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010420 art technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005028 tinplate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B33/00—Features common to bolt and nut
- F16B33/006—Non-metallic fasteners using screw-thread
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
- F16B25/0036—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
- F16B25/0094—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw the screw being assembled or manufactured from several components, e.g. a tip out of a first material welded to shaft of a second material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
- F16B35/04—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws with specially-shaped head or shaft in order to fix the bolt on or in an object
- F16B35/041—Specially-shaped shafts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
- F16B25/0036—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw
- F16B25/0084—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by geometric details of the screw characterised by geometric details of the tip
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
Description
Nr. P100105NL00 Fastener 5 Field of the invention
The invention relates to a fastener
Background of the invention
Many fasteners are known that include a polymer or plastic part. GB1278351 for 10 instance discloses a bolt having a head, and a plastic part enclosing said head and having a skirt, said plastic part for preventing corrosion of the metal head of the bolt. GB 1372575 shows a similar bolt. G2338765 shows a nail with a plastic-enclosed head. US3396434 shows a fastener with a head that is largely polymer material. US415438 and US4235147 show a screw with a head enclosed with a plastic part. All these 15 fasteners have a metal head part.
US2002/0106259 discloses a polymer, threaded shank, threaded throughout its length and having a plastic head moulded on the threaded shank.
All these known fasteners use plastic heads for corrosion prevention.
20 Summary of the invention A disadvantage of prior art fasteners is that they cause an interruption in a construction when in use, in particular, this may lead to condensation locations in a construction.
Hence, it is an aspect of the invention to provide a fastener that reduces the 25 occurrence of potential condensation locations in a construction.
The invention thus pertains to a fastener comprising a metal shank comprising a threaded end, and a polymer part connected to said metal shank and comprising a head, wherein said polymer part further comprises a polymer shank extending from said head, said polymer shank enclosing at least part of said metal shank.
30 It was found that such a fastener reduces the occurrence of potential condensation locations in a construction.
In an embodiment, said polymer shank extends up to said threaded end.
2
In an embodiment, said metal shank extends in said polymer shank, ending before said head. In this way, it is possible to reduce the heat conductivity of the fastener from head to tip as much as possible, while maintaining enough strength to insert the fastener, i.e., to apply torque to the head.
5 In an embodiment, part of said enclosed metal shank part comprises at least one friction-increasing structure providing rotational-resistance against said metal shank rotating inside said polymer shank. In an embodiment, said resistance-increasing structure is arranged for working in an opposite direction as the thread on said metal shank part. In an embodiment, said resistance-increasing structure comprises a thread 10 running opposite to the thread on said threaded end.
In an embodiment, said polymer is a fibre-reinforced polymer. It was found that this material enables to withstand torque forced between the polymer part and the metal shank that occur when screwing in a fastener into a construction part, for instance a wooden beam. The polymer material in an embodiment is a composite polymer 15 material. An example of suitable material can be, but is not limited to, Akroloy®, or similar PA based materials. Such material may comprise a high amount of reinforcing material, for instance glassfiber or other suitable fiber material. The composite material may comprise more than 30 wt. % reinforcing material, in an embodiment more than 50 wt. %, in particular even more than about 60 wt. %.
20 In an embodiment, said polymer part is a moulded polymer part. Using moulding technique allows economic production of the fastener of the invention. Furthermore, it allows an intimate contact between the polymer material and the metal shank.
In an embodiment, said metal shank comprises a shoulder between said threaded end and said polymer shank. In an embodiment, said shoulder comprises a friction-25 increasing provision, in part working opposite said thread of said metal shank. The shoulder or rim or flange around the metal shank provides an abutment for the end or the polymer shank of the polymer part. It helps holding the polymer part onto the metal shank.
In an embodiment, said metal shank end that extends in said polymer shank has a 30 smaller cross section than said threaded end. In this respect, the cross sectional are of the threaded end is to be regarded at a location remote from the tip where the cross sectional area relatively constant. This further reduces the heat transfer parameter representing heat transfer from the head to the tip.
3
In an embodiment, said metal shank comprises an end opposite to said threaded end. That end is in an embodiment located near the head. The end of the metal shank can be provided with an end resistance-increasing structure. For instance, a groove cross to the longitudinal axis can be provided, or an alternative, similar indentation can 5 be provided in the end.
In an embodiment, said head of the polymer part comprises a tool-receiving provision for providing grip for a tool. In particular in case of a screw or bolt, the head can have for instance a hexagonal head, or another cross section suitable and known for use in combination with a known insertion tool gripping the head. Alternatively, the 10 head may be provided with a groove for engaging with a screwdriver, or the head can be provided with another shape of indentation, for instance a cross-slot for engaging a cross-slotted head driver, or a hexagonal wrench driver. Other types of indentations or slots are known in the art.
In this application, in particular a fastener relates to a screw or a bolt. In these 15 particular types of fasteners, the advantages of the current invention become more prone. In these types of fasteners, often the head extends or is located at or near an outer surface of a building, and the tip of the screw or bolt is located directed into the building. In an embodiment the fastener specifically is a screw. More in particular, the screw is a so-called self-tapping screw or self-drilling screw. In an embodiment, these 20 screws have a tip adapted to that end.
In an embodiment, the polymer shank comprises an external thread. In an embodiment, said external thread is provided near the polymer head. Such a fastener is in particular suited for applying sheet material to a supporting structure. This sheet material may comprise a metal sheet, for instance tin sheet or tin-plate. The thread in 25 such a case pulls the sheet against the head and holds it in place. Other sheet material which can be fixed to a structure is for instance sheet material that is provided with an insulating layer. Such material can for instance be a thin metal sheet provided with insulating material like insulating foam. For instance, a sheet of two tin plates or other thin sheet material with insulating foam material sandwiched between the sheets or 30 plates can be fixed very well using the current fastener. In particular, if the fastener further comprises a reamer at the transition from the metal tip to the polymer shank, these types of sheet or plate material can be fixed very well. In an embodiment, the cross section of said reamer is larger than a cross section of said polymer shank. In 4 particular if said polymer shank comprises an external thread, said reamer has a cross section which is substantially the cross section of that external thread. In particular said reamer has a cross section dimensioned between the diameter of the polymer shank and an external diameter of the cross section of that external thread.
5 The polymer shank in an embodiment may even extend in a covering layer covering the complete metal shank. Such a covering layer that covers the metal shank at the threaded end, in an embodiment is a thin layer. Often, the covering layer is substantially thinner than the wall of the polymer shank. If present, such a layer is less than 10% of the average wall thickness of the polymer shank enclosing the metal 10 shank.
The person skilled in the art will understand the term “substantially” in this application, such as in “substantially encloses” or in “substantially extends up to”. The term “substantially” may also include embodiments with “entirely”, “completely”, “all”, etc. Hence, in embodiments the adjective substantially may also be removed. 15 Where applicable, the term “substantially” may also relate to 90% or higher, such as 95% or higher, especially 99% or higher, even more especially 99.5% or higher, including 100%. The term “comprise” includes also embodiments wherein the term “comprises” means “consists of’.
Furthermore, the terms first, second, third and the like if used in the description 20 and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than described or illustrated herein.
25 The fasteners herein are amongst others described during operation. As will be clear to the person skilled in the art, the invention is not limited to methods of operation or devices in operation.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design many 30 alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. Use of the verb "to comprise" and its conjugations does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those stated in a claim. The article "a" or 5 "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the device or apparatus claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be 5 embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.
The invention further applies to a fastener or parts thereof comprising one or more of the characterising features described in the description and/or shown in the 10 attached drawings. The invention further pertains to a method or process comprising one or more of the characterising features described in the description and/or shown in the attached drawings.
The various aspects discussed in this patent can be combined in order to provide additional advantages. Furthermore, some of the features can form the basis for one or 15 more divisional applications.
Brief description of the drawings
Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings in which corresponding 20 reference symbols indicate corresponding parts, showing an embodiment of a fastener, and showing in:
Figure 1 a perspective view of an embodiment of a fastener, in transparent view; Figure 2 an exploded view of the fastener of figure 1;
Figures 3-6 an alternative embodiment of a fastener, and 25 Figure 7 yet another alternative embodiment for the metal shank.
The drawings are not necessarily on scale
Description of preferred embodiments
Figure 1 shows an example of a fastener 1, here a screw. The invention, as 30 explained above, is not limited to such a specific fastener. Fastener 1 comprises a metal shank 2. Metal shank 2 has a threaded end 3. The threaded end 3 here is provided with a screw thread, or shortly ‘thread’, 4 that has a first thread direction for pulling the fastener into a workpiece or construction part when rotating the fastener 1 clockwise. A
6 workpiece or construction part may for instance be a wooden beam, plate material, thin steel sheet, steel purlins (construction), construction steel like for instance H and I beams, and the like. The threaded end 3 ends here in a tip 13, here a self-drilling point or other sharp tip 13 designed as a drill end for easily applying the fastener into a 5 workpiece.
The fastener 1 further has a polymer part 5. The polymer part 5 is connected to the metal shank 2. Polymer part 5 comprises a head 6. In this embodiment, the head 6 has a hexagonal end for receiving a tool, for instance a wrench. Other types of heads may be possible. Also, or alternatively, the head may be provided with a groove or 10 other indentation for receiving a tool, for instance a screwdriver. The polymer part 5 further comprises a polymer shank 7. The polymer shank 7 extends from the head 6. The polymer shank 7 further encloses at least part of the metal shank 2. The head 6 and shank 7 are intimately connected. Here, the head 6 and the shank 7 are integrally formed.
15 In this embodiment, the head further comprises an integrally formed washer 16.
Here the washer 16 has an integrally formed skirt portion 17 providing an annular surface at the underside of the washer. Thus, a better sealing may be provided.
The metal shank 2 here has a collar or shoulder 11. Here, the shoulder 11 provides an abutment for the end of the polymer shank 7. In order to accommodate 20 more easy insertion of the fastener in a workpiece, the surface of the collar directed towards the threaded end 3 of the metal shank 2 is slanted upward, away from the threaded end 3. In particular, the shoulder or flange 11 is here frusto-conical. The opposite portion of the shoulder 11 that is directed towards the end of polymer shank 7 is provided with resistance-increasing provisions 12. These resistance-increasing 25 provisions 12 on the shoulder 11 provide resistance against rotation of the polymer shank 7 with respect to the metal shank 2 when torque is applied to the fastener 1. The resistance-increasing provisions 12 may be indentations. Here, the resistance-increasing provisions 12 on the shoulder 11 are saw-toothed.
The opposite end 8, opposite to the threaded end 3, of the metal shank 2 is 30 provided with friction-increasing structures 9. These structures 9 increase friction between the inner surface or the polymer shank 7 and the opposite end 8 of the metal shank 2. Usually, the polymer shank fits tightly around the metal shank 2. In this embodiment, the opposite end 8 is provided with a thread 9 that runs opposite to the 7 thread 4 of the treaded end 3. In particular in combination with the shoulder 12 this prevents the polymer part 5 from disengaging the metal shank 2.
In this embodiment, the opposite end 8 of metal shank 2 runs in the polymer shank 7 up to a distance from the head 6. This distance is a trade off between the 5 required heat conductivity of the fastener 1, and the allowable torque. The opposite end 8 may run all the way up until the head 6. Alternatively, for instance, cross sectional area of metal shank 2 towards end 10 may be reduced in order to decrease heat conductivity of the fastener as a whole. This may allow the end 10 for instance to extend into head 6.
10 In this embodiment, at least part of the polymer shank 7 is provided with (external) thread 14. In this embodiment, only an upper part of the polymer shank near head 6 is provided with thread 14. In this way, it is for instance possible to connect two constructional parts that are a distance apart. For instance, the thread 4 may extend in an inner construction, the thread 14 engages for instance a plate material, and between 15 the plate material and the inner construction, insulating material is provided.
The metal shank can be made of any metal known for making for instance screws or bolts. For instance, carbon steel, stainless (in-ox) steel, brass, cupper, are known metals for this purpose.
The polymer part 5 is produced from a polymer material that is able to withstand 20 for instance the torque forces that come with screwing in a screw, of bolting together constructional elements. It was found the fiber-reinforced polymer material is a suited material. For instance, the polymer is a thermoplastic polymer, allowing for instance injection-moulding production of the fastener 2. Suitable thermoplastic material is for instance engineering plastic, based on PE, PP, nylon, PVC, and the like.
25 In figures 3-6, al alternative embodiment of the fastener is provided. In these drawings, metal shank of figure 4 is depicted on a larger scale than figure 6. Figure 3 shows a top view of figure 4, and figure 5 shows a top view of figure 6. In fact, the metal shank of figure 4 extends almost up to the external thread 14 in the polymer shank 7.
30 The metal shank 2 of figure 4 has several friction-increasing features 9, 9’,9” which are here combined but which may also be applied separately or with the embodiment discussed above. First, the metal shank has a cross-carved structure 9 which as such is known from hand-tools. It may be produced using knurling 8 techniques. This proved to be easy to make, and provides a good friction-increasing provision, in particular if the polymer part is tightly injection moulded around the end 8 of metal shank 2. Furthermore, the metal shank 2 has a friction-increasing thread 9’ provided here at end 8 of metal shank 2. Here, this thread 9’ has the same direction as 5 the thread 4 of metal shank 2.
In its head 10, the metal shank 2 has a further friction-increasing provision 9”. In fact, this friction-increasing provision is provided in the top of the head 10 of the metal shank 2. The indentation 9” here has a rectangular cross section, but other cross sections may be possible. Its depth may be several millimetres, but may extend up to 10 one or more centimetres, also depending on the size of the fastener 1.
The fastener in this embodiment further comprises a reamer 17. One of the purposes of this reamer 17 is to prevent damage to the polymer shank. In figure 4 the reamer at the transition where the polymer shank is to start stops abruptly, in figure 6 the transition is more smoothly. In the embodiment of figures 3-6, the reamer is 15 situated at the transition where the polymer shank 7 starts. Other positions may be possible.
In figure 6, several diameters dl-d3 are indicated. Here, dl is the diameter of the reamer, d2 is the diameter of the (external) thread 14 on the polymer shank 7, and d3 is the diameter of the polymer shank 7. It is clear that diameter d3 of the polymer shank is 20 larger than the diameter (not indicated) of the metal shank 2 at end 8. In fact, the diameter d3 should also be larger than the outer diameter of the friction-increasing provision 9’ and of the head 10 of the metal shank 2.
The diameter dl of the reamer usually is a little smaller than the diameter of the thread 14. This often is a trade-off between preventing too much damage to the thread 25 14, and allowing thread 14 to force itself into the material into which the fastener is inserted or screwed-in.
In figure 7, yet an alternative embodiment of the metal shank 2 is depicted. In this embodiment, the friction-increasing provision 9’ near the hear is less profound. In fact, using punching or die-cutting techniques, the extending thread-like parts can be 30 punched from the shank surface.
In this embodiment, also the reamer has a structure that differs from the reamer shown in figure 4. The, the reamer 17 may be punched from the shank material, making it very simple to produce.
9
Fastener 1 can be produced in the following way. The metal shank can be produced in a manner known as such, for instance methods for making screws, bolts, of even drills. Next, one or more metal shanks are provided in an injection mould and polymer material is injected to produce one or more fasteners. In an alternative method, 5 the polymer part is produced with an at least partly hollow polymer shank 7. Next, the metal shank is inserted in a tight fit, for instance screwed in into the polymer shank 7.
It will also be clear that the above description and drawings are included to illustrate some embodiments of the invention, and not to limit the scope of protection. Starting from this disclosure, many more embodiments will be evident to a skilled 10 person. These embodiments are within the scope of protection and the essence of this invention and are obvious combinations of prior art techniques and the disclosure of this patent.
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL2010070A NL2010070C2 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | Fastener. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL2010070 | 2012-12-28 | ||
NL2010070A NL2010070C2 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | Fastener. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NL2010070C2 true NL2010070C2 (en) | 2014-07-03 |
Family
ID=48014255
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NL2010070A NL2010070C2 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | Fastener. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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NL (1) | NL2010070C2 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3309541A1 (en) * | 1983-03-17 | 1984-09-27 | Fa. Franz Bisping, 4400 Münster | Window or door frame provided with a lining |
EP0176968A1 (en) * | 1984-10-05 | 1986-04-09 | EJOT Baubefestigungen GmbH | Screw |
DE202008014305U1 (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2010-04-01 | Sfs Intec Holding Ag | Screw and connection made with it |
-
2012
- 2012-12-28 NL NL2010070A patent/NL2010070C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3309541A1 (en) * | 1983-03-17 | 1984-09-27 | Fa. Franz Bisping, 4400 Münster | Window or door frame provided with a lining |
EP0176968A1 (en) * | 1984-10-05 | 1986-04-09 | EJOT Baubefestigungen GmbH | Screw |
DE202008014305U1 (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2010-04-01 | Sfs Intec Holding Ag | Screw and connection made with it |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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MM | Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20180101 |