NL194964C - Energy-rich composition. - Google Patents
Energy-rich composition. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL194964C NL194964C NL8715010A NL8715010A NL194964C NL 194964 C NL194964 C NL 194964C NL 8715010 A NL8715010 A NL 8715010A NL 8715010 A NL8715010 A NL 8715010A NL 194964 C NL194964 C NL 194964C
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- NL
- Netherlands
- Prior art keywords
- component
- weight
- composition according
- composition
- energy
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 87
- XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- POCJOGNVFHPZNS-ZJUUUORDSA-N (6S,7R)-2-azaspiro[5.5]undecan-7-ol Chemical class O[C@@H]1CCCC[C@]11CNCCC1 POCJOGNVFHPZNS-ZJUUUORDSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002828 nitro derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 nitramine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- BSPUVYFGURDFHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitramine Natural products CC1C(O)CCC2CCCNC12 BSPUVYFGURDFHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- POCJOGNVFHPZNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isonitramine Natural products OC1CCCCC11CNCCC1 POCJOGNVFHPZNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000015 trinitrotoluene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KVNYFPKFSJIPBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1CC KVNYFPKFSJIPBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PQSWCVYWEGIBPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dinitroethylbenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C([N+]([O-])=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 PQSWCVYWEGIBPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000028 HMX Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 OCKPCBLVNKHBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylbenzene Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000088 plastic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HYFLWBNQFMXCPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1C HYFLWBNQFMXCPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GHLOZOFSZVNFMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dinitropropylbenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C([N+]([O-])=O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 GHLOZOFSZVNFMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003613 toluenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- DYSXLQBUUOPLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O DYSXLQBUUOPLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000005224 alkoxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 description 19
- PZIMIYVOZBTARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N centralite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(CC)C(=O)N(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 PZIMIYVOZBTARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- RMBFBMJGBANMMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O RMBFBMJGBANMMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- RPQSKHWNIKZEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-2,4-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O RPQSKHWNIKZEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XTRDKALNCIHHNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O XTRDKALNCIHHNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VDKWJWFQFPWXFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene Chemical compound CCC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O VDKWJWFQFPWXFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SWASTJCUMFALOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-1,3-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound CCC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O SWASTJCUMFALOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZXVONLUNISGICL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol Chemical group CC1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1O ZXVONLUNISGICL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitroglycerin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Substances [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitroguanidine Chemical compound NC(=N)N[N+]([O-])=O IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BAWGGSYXBBWRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitro-1-propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O BAWGGSYXBBWRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(CO[N+]([O-])=O)(CO[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N octogen Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZITQIEGKEPOOPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trinitro-5-propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZITQIEGKEPOOPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DWVNLBRNGAANPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethoxy-3-nitrobenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1OC DWVNLBRNGAANPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUUSVHGZGPBZLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dimethyl-2,4-dinitrobenzene Chemical group CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(C)=C1[N+]([O-])=O XUUSVHGZGPBZLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PVLUMVBVQMIJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dinitro-2-propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O PVLUMVBVQMIJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XOXVLXUOMLQTLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-2,3,4-trinitrobenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O XOXVLXUOMLQTLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RXAKLPGKSXJZEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-nitrobenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 RXAKLPGKSXJZEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000006 Nitroglycerin Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UATJOMSPNYCXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trinitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 UATJOMSPNYCXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl phthalate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNBOBRKDXRJMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-nitrophenyl) benzoate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PNBOBRKDXRJMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WILMQVBUVCETSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trimethyl-5-nitrobenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1C WILMQVBUVCETSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCZUVZZGFJABPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,5-trimethyl-3-nitrobenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(C)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 QCZUVZZGFJABPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydrostilbene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLKYKLNZVULGQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethyl-3,4-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C1C VLKYKLNZVULGQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHCBGLKAGXVKHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethyl-3,5-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1C FHCBGLKAGXVKHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SCEKDQTVGHRSNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trimethyl-2-nitrobenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(C)=C1 SCEKDQTVGHRSNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BSMKYQUHXQAVKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitro-2-propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O BSMKYQUHXQAVKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXMYUMNAEKRMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitro-4-propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 JXMYUMNAEKRMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRGHLFCNNTTWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-tetranitroheptan-4-one Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C([N+]([O-])=O)(C)CC(=O)CC(C)([N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O WRGHLFCNNTTWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJAMBVUZPFZLHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound CC1=C(C)C([N+]([O-])=O)=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O BJAMBVUZPFZLHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXWIYOBCHKCWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethoxy-1-nitrobenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(OC)=C1 XXWIYOBCHKCWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBUPBICWUURTNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-1-nitrobenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(C)=C1 BBUPBICWUURTNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCRYBELDVGNCFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-3-nitroaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C(C)=C1[N+]([O-])=O MCRYBELDVGNCFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSRYYONYIUUFFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-6-nitroaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(N)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 VSRYYONYIUUFFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CVYZVNVPQRKDLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitroanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O CVYZVNVPQRKDLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSOKMOXAGMIZFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitrophenetole Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O YSOKMOXAGMIZFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HHBUAAXHXWSZAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethyl-3-nitrophenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=C(C)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 HHBUAAXHXWSZAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDFJDBAOBVUXMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethyl-3-nitroaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(C)=C1N LDFJDBAOBVUXMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZASZCQVZPLXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethyl-3-nitrophenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(C)=C1O TZASZCQVZPLXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HOYRZHJJAHRMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dinitro-p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C(O)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 HOYRZHJJAHRMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSOGDEOQBIUNTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(azidomethyl)oxirane Chemical compound [N-]=[N+]=NCC1CO1 JSOGDEOQBIUNTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXPURXMTKXRAMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-nitrooxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCO[N+]([O-])=O TXPURXMTKXRAMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQOLCFZVKRNMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxy-1,3-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound CCOC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O LFQOLCFZVKRNMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYQXQXJWUMOPKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxy-1,4-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound CCOC1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O HYQXQXJWUMOPKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMXDVBRYDYFVGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene Chemical compound COC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O FMXDVBRYDYFVGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUBJXSCTPOBLCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-1,4-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O MUBJXSCTPOBLCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVBUHJSIDPIOBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-3-nitroaniline Chemical compound COC1=C(N)C=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O GVBUHJSIDPIOBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZBOXYKTSUUBTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1,4-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O KZBOXYKTSUUBTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFBYEGUGFPZCNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitroanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O CFBYEGUGFPZCNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLCPKMIJYMHZMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitrobenzene-1,3-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZLCPKMIJYMHZMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKIFPWHZEZQCQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitrobenzenethiol Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S JKIFPWHZEZQCQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUVUYEVFMFFSMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitroethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC[N+]([O-])=O UUVUYEVFMFFSMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWMRZXLGCIDAGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitroethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)CCOC(=O)C=C KWMRZXLGCIDAGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDDQPZYMXOVQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dinitropropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C([N+]([O-])=O)CCOC(=O)C=C VDDQPZYMXOVQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXAUFLJQLMOTSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dimethyl-2-nitroaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C1C OXAUFLJQLMOTSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRWWBVBRBWPHBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dimethyl-5-nitroaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC(N)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1C LRWWBVBRBWPHBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INYDMNPNDHRJQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 INYDMNPNDHRJQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDQLNMXIULDNCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dimethyl-2-nitroaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(N)=C1 UDQLNMXIULDNCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXNYMZXPUWOUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dimethyl-2-nitrophenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(O)=C1 YXNYMZXPUWOUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIQHHRZADKSPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dimethyl-2-nitrophenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C1O VIQHHRZADKSPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOPHXJOERHTMIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-4,6-dinitro-2-propan-2-ylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=C(C)C([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1O SOPHXJOERHTMIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGYFINWERLNPHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitroanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 WGYFINWERLNPHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGDIYDUZVHFMHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dimethyl-2-nitrophenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1C KGDIYDUZVHFMHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRXZQOTZXAKVLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxy-1,2-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 GRXZQOTZXAKVLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXBVSRMHOPMXBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrothiophenol Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(S)C=C1 AXBVSRMHOPMXBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Natural products CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AGUIVNYEYSCPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N-picrylnitramine Chemical group [O-][N+](=O)N(C)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O AGUIVNYEYSCPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNUHAJGCKIQFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitroanisol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 BNUHAJGCKIQFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000026 Pentaerythritol tetranitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTTSNKDQDACYLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trihydroxybutane Chemical compound CCCC(O)(O)O GTTSNKDQDACYLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CZZVSJPFJBUBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazonio-(4-nitrophenyl)azanide Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C([N-][N+]#N)C=C1 CZZVSJPFJBUBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYAGTVMJGHTIDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol dinitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCCOCCO[N+]([O-])=O LYAGTVMJGHTIDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phthalate Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001826 dimethylphthalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KSHJAFFDLKPUMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinitro-ortho-cresol Chemical compound CC1=C(O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O KSHJAFFDLKPUMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMMLSJNPNVTYMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinitromethylbenzene Chemical class [O-][N+](=O)C([N+]([O-])=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VMMLSJNPNVTYMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001087 glyceryl triacetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013773 glyceryl triacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QCOXCILKVHKOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-nitramidoethyl)nitramide Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)NCCN[N+]([O-])=O QCOXCILKVHKOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RPMXALUWKZHYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitroethene Chemical group [O-][N+](=O)C=C RPMXALUWKZHYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 229960004321 pentaerithrityl tetranitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001004 polyvinyl nitrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AGCQZYRSTIRJFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol dinitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCCOCCOCCO[N+]([O-])=O AGCQZYRSTIRJFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005186 trinitrobenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
- C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
- C06B45/10—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the organic component containing a resin
- C06B45/105—The resin being a polymer bearing energetic groups or containing a soluble organic explosive
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
Description
1 1949641 194964
Energierijke samenstellingEnergy-rich composition
De uitvinding heeft betrekking op een energierijke samenstelling voor toepassing als explosief of voortstuwingsmiddel voor vuurwapens, omvattende een kunststofhars, een zeer energierijke vulstof en een 5 nitroverbinding.The invention relates to an energy-rich composition for use as an explosive or propellant for firearms, comprising a plastic resin, a very energy-rich filler and a nitro compound.
Een dergelijke samenstelling is bekend uit het Duitse Offenlegungsschrift 2.336.004. Meer in het bijzonder betreft dit Duitse Offenlegungsschrift zeer energierijke samenstellingen op basis van 85-95 gew.% hexogeen, octogeen en/of nitropenta en 15-5 gew.% TNT alsmede eventueel ten hoogste 10 gew.% flegmatiseringsmiddel zoals een kunststofhars, in het bijzonder een onverzadigde polyester. Dergelijke 10 samenstellingen worden verkregen door het oplossen van een of meer van de zeer energierijke stoffen te weten hexogeen, octogeen en nitropenta met het als bindmiddel gebruikte TNT alsook het optionele flegmatiseringsmiddel in een oplosmiddel, zoals aceton in de gewenste gewichtsverhouding en precipitatie van de opgeloste bestanddelen uit de oplossing, eventueel gevolgd door malen, drogen en klasseren van het verkregen product. De op deze wijze verkregen samenstelling wordt vervolgens tot vormstukken 15 geperst, welke een druksterkte van ten minste 180 kg/cm2 (DIN 53454, proefsnelheid van 6 nm/min) bezitten.Such a composition is known from the German Offenlegungsschrift 2,336,004. More particularly, this German Offenlegungsschrift relates to highly energy-rich compositions based on 85-95% by weight of hexogenic, octogenic and / or nitropenta and 15-5% by weight of TNT, and optionally at most 10% by weight of phlegmatizer such as a plastic resin, in the particularly an unsaturated polyester. Such compositions are obtained by dissolving one or more of the high-energy substances, namely hexogen, octogen and nitropenta with the TNT used as binder, as well as the optional phlegmatizer in a solvent, such as acetone in the desired weight ratio and precipitation of the dissolved components from the solution, optionally followed by grinding, drying and classifying the product obtained. The composition obtained in this way is then pressed into molded parts which have a compressive strength of at least 180 kg / cm 2 (DIN 53454, test speed of 6 nm / min).
Met betrekking tot de in het bovengenoemde Duitse Offenlegungsschrift 2.336.004 bekende samenstel· ling kan worden opgemerkt, dat de methode voor het innig vermengen van de beide imperatieve bestanddelen te weten de zeer energierijke stof en het TNT en het optionele bestanddeel te weten het flegmatiserings-20 middel tamelijk omslachtig is, onder andere door het gebruik van de genoemde oplosmiddelen aceton en chloroform alsook door het weer neerslaan van de opgeloste bestanddelen van de energierijke samenstelling en de daaropvolgende persbehandeling van het neergeslagen product.With regard to the composition known in the aforementioned German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2,336,004, it can be noted that the method for intimately mixing the two imperative components, namely the highly energy-rich substance and the TNT and the optional component, namely the phlegmatization agent. The agent is rather cumbersome, inter alia due to the use of the aforementioned solvents acetone and chloroform as well as the precipitation of the dissolved components of the energy-rich composition and the subsequent pressing treatment of the precipitated product.
Gevonden werd, dat de nadelen van de bovenbeschreven stand der techniek kunnen worden opgeheven met behulp van een energierijke samenstelling, welke gekenmerkt wordt doordat de samenstelling een 25 kneedbare massa is met de consistentie van een deeg en de onderstaande componenten in de volgende relatieve verhoudingen zijn: component A: - 5-25 gew.% van een polymeer bindmiddel; component B: 65-90 gew.% van een zeer energierijke vulstof met ten minste één heteroalicydische nitramineverbinding; en 30 component C: 1-15 gew.% van een weekmaker, welke ten minste één nitro-aromatische verbinding bevat, waarvan er ten minste één dinitro-aromatische verbinding is, waarbij de som van de gewichtspercentages van de componenten A, B en C 100% bedraagtIt has been found that the disadvantages of the above-described prior art can be overcome with the aid of an energy-rich composition, which is characterized in that the composition is a malleable mass with the consistency of a dough and the components below are in the following relative proportions: component A: - 5-25% by weight of a polymeric binder; component B: 65-90% by weight of a high-energy filler with at least one heteroalicydic nitramine compound; and component C: 1-15% by weight of a plasticizer containing at least one nitroaromatic compound, at least one of which is dinitroaromatic compound, the sum of the weight percentages of components A, B and C 100%
In de samenstellingen volgens de uitvinding verschaft component B in hoofdzaak het hoge energetische vermogen van de samenstelling (alhoewel component C en mogelijkerwijs component A een geringe 35 bijdrage leveren), component A de vereiste structurele blndmiddeleigenschappen en component C de bewerkbaarheid zodat mengsels met de componenten A en B kunnen worden gevormd en in een geschikt deegachtig materiaal kunnen worden omgezet, die voor het vormen van geschikte producten zoals voortstuwingsmiddelen kunnen worden gekneed of geêxtrudeerd. De onderlinge combinatie van deze componenten is specifiek gekozen voor de samenstellingen volgens de uitvinding aangezien een dergelijke 40 combinatie onverwachte voordelen oplevert, zoals uit het onderstaande blijkt.In the compositions according to the invention, component B provides substantially the high energetic capacity of the composition (although component C and possibly component A make a small contribution), component A the required structural properties and component C the processability so that mixtures with the components A and B can be formed and converted into a suitable dough-like material, which can be kneaded or extruded to form suitable products such as propellants. The mutual combination of these components has been specifically chosen for the compositions according to the invention since such a combination yields unexpected advantages, as is apparent from the following.
Gebleken is, dat samenstellingen volgens de uitvinding op geschikte wijze kunnen worden verwerkt voor het verschaffen van energierijke materialen, bijvoorbeeld als voortstuwingsmiddelen, welke op onverwachte en voordelige wijze verbeterde kwetsbaarheidseigenschappen vertonen zonder een overeenkomstige afname van de energie, welke gewoonlijk aan een dergelijke verbetering verbonden is.It has been found that compositions according to the invention can be suitably processed to provide energy-rich materials, for example as propellants, which unexpectedly and advantageously exhibit improved vulnerability properties without a corresponding decrease in energy, which is usually associated with such an improvement. .
45 Bijvoorbeeld bezitten de voortstuwingsmiddelsamenstellingen, welke een onderdeel van de uitvinding vormen, een hoge ontstekingstemperatuur en bezitten eveneens de gunstige eigenschappen van relatief lage vlamtemperaturen voor het betreffende energieniveau wat de mogelijkheid van een verminderde looperosie alsook een relatief geringe verbrandingsgraad oplevert, waarbij de laatstgenoemde eigenschap met voordeel voortstuwingsmiddelen mogelijk maakt, welke zoals onderstaand beschreven, een kleine 50 webgrootte bezitten. De samenstellingen volgens de uitvinding kunnen derhalve een combinatie van eigenschappen bezitten, welke bijzonder geschikt zijn voor het formuleren van voortstuwingsmiddelen voor toepassingen met een geringe kwetsbaarheid.45 For example, the propellant compositions which form part of the invention have a high ignition temperature and also have the favorable properties of relatively low flame temperatures for the energy level in question, which offers the possibility of reduced loop erosion as well as a relatively low degree of combustion, the latter property having advantageous propulsion means which, as described below, have a small web size. The compositions according to the invention can therefore have a combination of properties which are particularly suitable for formulating propellants for applications with low vulnerability.
Volgens een voorkeursuitvoeringsvorm van de uitvinding omvat de samenstelling 10-25 gew.% component A, 70-90 gew.% component B en 3-12 gew.% component C.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises 10-25% by weight of component A, 70-90% by weight of component B and 3-12% by weight of component C.
55 Component C omvat bij voorkeur één of meer nitroverbindingen, welke bij een temperatuur van minder dan 100°C smelten en volgens een voorkeursuitvoeringsvorm van de uitvinding bij kamertemperatuur (20°C) vloeibaar zijn. Met voordeel is de of elke nitroverbinding van component C een monocydische nitroaromati-Component C preferably comprises one or more nitro compounds which melt at a temperature of less than 100 ° C and are liquid according to a preferred embodiment of the invention at room temperature (20 ° C). Advantageously, the or each nitro compound of component C is a monocydic nitroaromatic
_______________I_______________I
194964 2 sche verbinding; het kan een mono-nitroverbinding maar bij voorkeur een di- of trinitroverbinding of een mengsel daarvan zijn.194964 2 connection; it can be a mono-nitro compound but preferably a di- or trinitro compound or a mixture thereof.
Verbindingen, welke bijzonder geschikt zijn voor gebruik in of als component C zijn di* en trinitrobenze-nen of alkyl- of alkoxygroep(en) substituenten bevatten. Volgens een voorkeursuitvoeringsvorm van de 5 uitvinding is de verbinding een di* of trinitroderivaat van een al dan niet gesubstitueerde alkyl- of alkoxyben-zeenverbinding met 1-3 alkyl- en/of alkoxygroepen met 1-4 koolstofatomen welke groepen eventueel gesubstitueerd zijn. Volgens een voorkeursuitvoeringsvorm van de uitvinding is de nitroverbinding een di- of trinitroderivaat van al dan niet gesubstitueerd tolueen, ethylbenzeen, propylbenzeen, butylbenzeen, xyleen, methylethylbenzeen, diethylbenzeen of mesityleen.Compounds which are particularly suitable for use in or as component C are di * and trinitrobenzenes or contain alkyl or alkoxy group (s) substituents. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the compound is a di * or trinitro derivative of a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkoxybenzene compound with 1-3 alkyl and / or alkoxy groups with 1-4 carbon atoms, which groups are optionally substituted. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the nitro compound is a di- or tri-nitro derivative of substituted or unsubstituted toluene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, butylbenzene, xylene, methyl ethylbenzene, diethylbenzene or mesitylene.
10 Als mogelijke substituenten voor de aromatische ring in aanvulling tot de nitrogroep(en) en alkyl- of alkoxygroep(en), welke in deze nitroaromatische verbinding(en) van component C aanwezig zijn worden met voordeel van halogeenatomen afwijkende groepen zoals OH, SH, N3, NR.,R2, CO.OR3 of 0.0CR4 genoemd, waarbij R1t R2, R3 en R4 onafhankelijk van elkaar een waterstofatoom of een lage alkyl- of alkoxygroep (met 1-4 koolstofatomen) of fenylgroep voorstellen.As possible substituents for the aromatic ring in addition to the nitro group (s) and alkyl or alkoxy group (s), which are present in these nitroaromatic compound (s) of component C, groups that are advantageous from halogen atoms such as OH, SH, N3, NR., R2, CO.OR3 or 0.0CR4, wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl or alkoxy group (with 1-4 carbon atoms) or phenyl group.
15 Component C kan bijvoorbeeld één of meer van de onderstaande bekende verbindingen bevatten (waarbij smp J°C het smeltpunt in graden Celsius voorstelt):Component C may, for example, contain one or more of the known compounds below (with m.p. J ° C representing the melting point in degrees Celsius):
Verbinding Naam smp/°CCompound Name mp / ° C
20 ---- 1 1-amino-2,4-dimethyl-3-nitrobenzeen 81-82 2 1-amino-3,4-dimethyl-2-nitrobenzeen 65-66 3 1-amino-3,5-dimethyl-2-nitrobenzeen 56 4 2-amino-1,3-dimethyl-4-nitrobenzeen 81-82 25 5 2-amino-1,5-dimethyl-3-nitrobenzeen 76 6 5-amino-1,2-dimethyl-3-nitrobenzeen 74-75 7 1-amino-2-methoxy-3-nitrobenzeen . 67 8 1,3-dihydroxy-2-nitrobenzeen 87-88 9 1,2-dimethoxy-3-n'rtrobenzeen 64-65 30 10 1,2-dimethoxy-3-n'rtrobenzeen 98 11 1,3-dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzeen 89 12 1,4-dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzeen 72-73 13 2,4-dimethoxy-1-nitrobenzeen 76-77 14 1,2-dimethyl-3,4-dinitrobenzeen 82 35 15 1,2-dimethyl-3,5-dinitrobenzeen 77 16 1,3-dimethyl-2,5-dinitrobenzeen 101 17 1,4-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobenzeen 93 18 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-dinitrobenzeen 89-90 19 1,2-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzeen 87 40 20 1,3-dimethyl-2-hydroxy-4-nitrobenzeen 99-100 21 1,4-dimethyl-2-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzeen 34-35 22 1,5-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2-nitrobenzeen 73 23 1,5-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2-nitrobenzeen 66-66,5 24 2,5-dimethyl-1-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzeen 91 45 25 1,2-dimethyl-3-nitrobenzeen 15 26 1,2-dimethyl-4-nitrobenzeen 30-31 27 1,3-dimethyl-2-nitrobenzeen 13 28 1,3-dimethyl-5-nitrobenzeen 75 29 1,4-dimethyl-2-nitrobenzeen - 50 30 2,4-dimethyl-1-nitrobenzeen 9 31 1,3-dinitrobenzeen 90 32 1,3-dinitro-2-ethoxybenzeen 59,5-60,5 33 1,3-dinitro-5-ethoxybenzeen 97,5 34 1,4-dinitro-2-ethoxybenzeen 96-98 55 35 2,4-dinitro-1-ethoxybenzeen 86-87 36 1,3-dinitro-5-isopropyl-4-hydroxy-6-methylbenzeen 55,5 5 3 19496420 ---- 1 1-amino-2,4-dimethyl-3-nitrobenzene 81-82 2 1-amino-3,4-dimethyl-2-nitrobenzene 65-66 3 1-amino-3,5-dimethyl- 2-nitrobenzene 56 4 2-amino-1,3-dimethyl-4-nitrobenzene 81-82 25 2-amino-1,5-dimethyl-3-nitrobenzene 76 6 5-amino-1,2-dimethyl-3- nitrobenzene 74-75 7 1-amino-2-methoxy-3-nitrobenzene. 67 8 1,3-dihydroxy-2-nitrobenzene 87-88 9 1,2-dimethoxy-3-nitrobenzene 64-65 30 10 1,2-dimethoxy-3-nitrobenzene 98 11 1,3-dimethoxy- 2-nitrobenzene 89 12 1,4-dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzene 72-73 13 2,4-dimethoxy-1-nitrobenzene 76-77 14 1,2-dimethyl-3,4-dinitrobenzene 82 35 15 1,2-dimethyl -3,5-dinitrobenzene 77 16 1,3-dimethyl-2,5-dinitrobenzene 101 17 1,4-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobenzene 93 18 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-dinitrobenzene 89-90 19 1 1,2-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzene 87 40 20 1,3-dimethyl-2-hydroxy-4-nitrobenzene 99-100 21 1,4-dimethyl-2-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzene 34-35 22 1 5-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2-nitrobenzene 73 23 1,5-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2-nitrobenzene 66-66,5 24 2,5-dimethyl-1-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzene 91 45 25 1 1,2-dimethyl-3-nitrobenzene 15 26 1,2-dimethyl-4-nitrobenzene 30-31 27 1,3-dimethyl-2-nitrobenzene 13 28 1,3-dimethyl-5-nitrobenzene 75 29 1,4-dimethyl -2-nitrobenzene - 50 30 2,4-dimethyl-1-nitrobenzene 9 31 1,3-dinitrobenzene 90 32 1,3-dinitro-2-ethoxybenzene 59.5-60.5 33 1,3-dinitro-5- et hoxybenzene 97.5 34 1,4-dinitro-2-ethoxybenzene 96-98 55 35 2,4-dinitro-1-ethoxybenzene 86-87 36 1,3-dinitro-5-isopropyl-4-hydroxy-6-methylbenzene 55 5 5 3 194964
Verbinding Naam smp/°CCompound Name mp / ° C
37 1,2-dinitro-4-methoxybenzeen 71 38 1,3-dinitro-5-methoxybenzeen 205,5 39 1,4-dinitro-2-methoxybenzeen 97 40 2,4-dinitro-1-methoxybenzeen 94,5-95,5 jq 41 2,4-dinitro-1,3,5-trimethylbenzeen 86 42 1-ethoxy-2-nitrobenzeen 2 43 1-ethoxy-4-nitrobenzeen 60 44 1 -ethyl-3-nitrobenzeen -23 45 1 -ethyl-3-nitrobenzeen - jg 46 1-ethyl-4-nitrobenzeen -12 47 1 -isobutoxy-2-nitrobenzeen (olie) 48 4-isopropyl-1-methyl-2-nitrobenzeen - 49 1-isopropyl-2-nitrobenzeen - 50 1 -isopropyl-4-nitrobenzeen - 2Q 51 1-mercapto-2-nitrobenzeen 58,5 52 1 -mercapto-4-nitrobenzeen 79 53 1-methoxy-2-nitrobenzeen 10 54 1 -methoxy-3-nitrobenzeen 38-39 55 1-methoxy-4-nitrobenzeen 54 25 56 2-methoxy-1,3,5-trinitrobenzeen 69 57 nitrobenzeen 5,7 58 1-nitro-2-triazobenzeen 53-55 59 1-nitro-3-triazobenzeen 56 60 1-nitro-4-triazobenzeen 75 3Q 61 1-nitro-2,3,5-trimethylbenzeen 20 62 1-nitro-2,4,5-trimethylbenzeen 71 63 2-nitro-1,3,5-trimethylbenzeen 44 64 1,2,4-trinitrobenzeen 61-62 65 1,3,5-trinitrobenzeen - 33 66 N-(2-nitrofenyl)-benzamide 98 67 2-nitrofenyl benzoaat 85 68 3-nitrofenyl benzoaat 71-72 69 4-nitrofenyl benzoaat 94-95 70 2,4-dinitrotolueen 71 ^ 71 2,5-dinitrotolueen 53 72 2,6-dinitrotolueen 66 73 3,4-dinitrotolueen 58 74 2,4-dinitro-6-hydroxytolueen 86 75 3,5-dinitro-4-hydroxytolueen 85 45 76 2-hydFOxy-3,4,5-trinitrotolueen 102 77 3-hydroxy-2,4,6*trinitrotolueen 109-110 78 2,4,6-trinitrotolueen 8237 1,2-dinitro-4-methoxybenzene 71 38 1,3-dinitro-5-methoxybenzene 205.5 39 1,4-dinitro-2-methoxybenzene 97 40 2,4-dinitro-1-methoxybenzene 94.5-95 5,4 41,4-dinitro-1,3,5-trimethylbenzene 86 42 1-ethoxy-2-nitrobenzene 2 43 1-ethoxy-4-nitrobenzene 60 44 1 -ethyl-3-nitrobenzene -23 45 1 -ethyl -3-nitrobenzene - 46 46 1-ethyl-4-nitrobenzene -12 47 1-isobutoxy-2-nitrobenzene (oil) 48 4-isopropyl-1-methyl-2-nitrobenzene - 49 1-isopropyl-2-nitrobenzene - 50 1-isopropyl-4-nitrobenzene - 2Q 51 1-mercapto-2-nitrobenzene 58.5 52 1-mercapto-4-nitrobenzene 79 53 1-methoxy-2-nitrobenzene 10 54 1-methoxy-3-nitrobenzene 38-39 55 1-methoxy-4-nitrobenzene 54 25 56 2-methoxy-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene 69 57 nitrobenzene 5.7 58 1-nitro-2-triazobenzene 53-55 59 1-nitro-3-triazobenzene 56 60 1- nitro-4-triazobenzene 75 3Q 61 1-nitro-2,3,5-trimethylbenzene 20 62 1-nitro-2,4,5-trimethylbenzene 71 63 2-nitro-1,3,5-trimethylbenzene 44 64 1.2 1,4-trinitrobenzene 61-62 65 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene - 33 66 N- (2-nitrof) enyl) benzamide 98 67 2-nitrophenyl benzoate 85 68 3-nitrophenyl benzoate 71-72 69 4-nitrophenyl benzoate 94-95 70 2,4-dinitrotoluene 71 ^ 71 2,5-dinitrotoluene 53 72 2,6-dinitrotoluene 66 73 3,4-dinitrotoluene 58 74 2,4-dinitro-6-hydroxytoluene 86 75 3,5-dinitro-4-hydroxytoluene 85 45 76 2-hydFOxy-3,4,5-trinitrotoluene 102 77 3-hydroxy-2,4 6 * trinitrotoluene 109-110 78 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene 82
Volgens een voorkeursuitvoeringsvorm van de uitvinding wordt ten minste 50 gew.% van component C door 50 één of meer nitroaromatische verbindingen gevormd.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least 50% by weight of component C is formed by 50 one or more nitroaromatic compounds.
Volgens een voorkeursuitvoeringsvorm van de uitvinding wordt ten minste 50 gew.% van component C gevormd door één of meer alkylgesubstitueerde monocyclische dinitrobenzenen, gekozen uit de groep van dïnitrotoluenen, dinitroethylbenzenen en dinitropropylbenzenen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least 50% by weight of component C is formed by one or more alkyl-substituted monocyclic dinitrobenzenes selected from the group of dinitrotoluenes, dinitroethylbenzenes and dinitropropylbenzenes.
De bovenbeschreven nitroaromatische verbindingen zijn energierijke weekmakers gebleken, welke 55 verenigbaar zijn met energierijke nitraminevulstoffen en zijn bijzonder geschikt voor toepassing bij het verwerken van mengsels van degelijke vulstoffen met polymere bindmiddelen. Met voordeel bezit de nitroaromatische weekmaker een ontstekingstemperatuur van meer dan 200°C.The nitroaromatic compounds described above have been found to be energy-rich plasticizers, which are compatible with energy-rich nitramine fillers and are particularly suitable for use in processing blends of such fillers with polymeric binders. The nitroaromatic plasticizer advantageously has an ignition temperature of more than 200 ° C.
194964 4194964 4
De bovenbeschreven nitroaromatische verbindingen zijn bekend of kunnen volgens algemeen bekende methoden worden bereid.The nitroaromatic compounds described above are known or can be prepared according to well-known methods.
Bij voorkeur wordt bij de bereiding van nitroderivaten van alkylbenzenen het geschikte alkylbenzeen met geconcentreerd salpeterzuur en zwavelzuur bij een temperatuur van minder dan 40°C behandeld. Wanneer 5 het verkregen product een mengsel van nitroverbindingen is, bijvoorbeeld van dinitro- en trinitroderivaten kan een dergelijk mengsel zelf geschikt zijn voor gebruik in of als component C.In the preparation of nitro derivatives of alkylbenzenes, the suitable alkylbenzene is preferably treated with concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid at a temperature of less than 40 ° C. When the product obtained is a mixture of nitro compounds, for example of dinitro and trinitro derivatives, such a mixture may itself be suitable for use in or as component C.
Alhoewel component C bij voorkeur één of meer monocyclische nitroaromatische verbindingen bevat, zodat de monocyclische nitroverbindingen ten minste 50 gew.% van component C uitmaken, kan component C eveneens één of meer nitroaromatische verbindingen met meer dan één aromatische ring bevatten 10 bijvoorbeeld één of meer van de bovenvermelde esters met twee ringen of één of meer nitroderivaten van bifenyl, naftaleen, difenylmethaan, bibenzyl of stilbeen, bij voorkeur met twee of drie nitrogroepen in elke ring. Als voorbeeld wordt 2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexanitrostilbeen genoemd.Although component C preferably contains one or more monocyclic nitroaromatic compounds, so that the monocyclic nitro compounds make up at least 50% by weight of component C, component C can also contain one or more nitroaromatic compounds with more than one aromatic ring, for example one or more of the above-mentioned esters with two rings or one or more nitro derivatives of biphenyl, naphthalene, diphenylmethane, bibenzyl or stilbene, preferably with two or three nitro groups in each ring. As an example, 2,2 ', 4,4', 6,6'-hexanitrostilbene is mentioned.
Alhoewel component C bij voorkeur volledig uit de bovenbeschreven nitroaromatische verbindingen wordt opgebouwd, is het eveneens mogelijk andere energierijke en niet-energierijke weekmakers als mogelijke 15 toevoegsels toe te passen. Bijvoorbeeld kan component C additioneel een hoeveelheid van één of meer bekende energierijke weekmakers zoals GAP (glycidylazidepolymeer), BDNPA/F (bis-2,2-dinitropropylacetaal/formaldehyde), dimethylmethyleendinitroamine, bis-(2,2-dinitropropyl)formaldehyde, bis(2,2,2-trinitroethyl)formaldehyde, bis(2-fluor-2,2-dinitroethyl)formaldehyde, diethyleenglycoldinitraat, glyceroltrinitraat, glycoltrinitraat, triethyleenglycoldinitraat, tetraethyleenglycoldinitraat, trimethylolethaantrinit-20 raat, butaantrioltrinitraat of 1,2,4-butaantrioltrinKraat bevatten.Although component C is preferably entirely composed of the above-described nitroaromatic compounds, it is also possible to use other energy-rich and non-energy-rich plasticizers as possible additives. For example, component C may additionally contain an amount of one or more known energy-rich plasticizers such as GAP (glycidylazide polymer), BDNPA / F (bis-2,2-dinitropropyl acetal / formaldehyde), dimethyl methylenedinitroamine, bis (2,2-dinitropropyl) formaldehyde, bis ( 2,2,2-trinitroethyl) formaldehyde, bis (2-fluoro-2,2-dinitroethyl) formaldehyde, diethylene glycol dinitrate, glycerol trinitrate, glycol trinitrate, triethylene glycol dinitrate, tetraethylene glycol dinitrate, trimethylolethanethrinitrate, butanetriol tri-nitrate-3-nitrate-3-nitrate.
Anderzijds, of als toevoegsel kan component C één of meer bekende niet-energierijke weekmakers zoals dialkylesters van adipinezuur of ftaalzuur, zoals dimethylftalaat of diethylftalaat, triacetin, tricresylfosfaat, polyalkyleenglycolen en de daarvan afgeleide alkyletherderivaten zoals polyethyleenglycol, polypropyleengly-col en diethyleenglycolbutylether bevatten. Echter, wordt bij voorkeur ten minste 50 gew.%, met bijzondere 25 voorkeur ten minste 75 gew.% van component C door één of meer nitroaromatische verbindingen gevormd.Alternatively, or as an additive, component C may contain one or more known non-energy-rich plasticizers such as dialkyl esters of adipic acid or phthalic acid, such as dimethyl phthalate or diethyl phthalate, triacetin, tricresyl phosphate, polyalkylene glycols and the alkyl ether derivatives derived therefrom such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol glycol, and diethylene glycol. However, preferably at least 50% by weight, particularly preferably at least 75% by weight of component C is formed by one or more nitroaromatic compounds.
In de samenstelling volgens de uitvinding kan component A elk geschikt polymeer bindmiddel zijn. Het kan een inert bindmateriaal, een energierijk bindmateriaal of een mengsel van inerte en energierijke bindmaterialen zijn. In het algemeen gesproken levert echter een toename van de energetische aard van het bindmiddel een verhoging van de gevoeligheid en explosiviteit van het daaruit gevormde energierijke 30 materiaal. Derhalve worden bij voorkeur bindmiddelen toegepast, welke niet sterk energierijk zijn. In het geval, waarbij het bindmiddel een mengsel van inerte en energierijke materialen is vormt het inerte materiaal bij voorkeur ten minste 50 gew.% van het bindmiddel.In the composition according to the invention, component A can be any suitable polymeric binder. It can be an inert binding material, an energy-rich binding material or a mixture of inert and energy-rich binding materials. Generally speaking, however, an increase in the energetic nature of the binder provides an increase in the sensitivity and explosiveness of the energy-rich material formed therefrom. Therefore, binders are preferably used which are not highly energy-rich. In the case where the binder is a mixture of inert and energy-rich materials, the inert material preferably constitutes at least 50% by weight of the binder.
Voorbeelden van geschikte inerte, of niet-energierijke bindmiddelen zijn cellulosematerialen zoals de esters ervan, bijvoorbeeld celluloseacetaat, celluloseacetaatbutyraat, polyurethanen, polyesters, polybutadie-35 nen, polyethenen, polyvinylacetaat en mengsels en/of copolymeren daarvan.Examples of suitable inert or non-energy-rich binders are cellulose materials such as their esters, for example cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, polyurethanes, polyesters, polybutadiene, polyethenes, polyvinyl acetate and mixtures and / or copolymers thereof.
Voorbeelden van geschikte energierijke bindmiddelen zijn nitrocellulose, polyvinylnitraat, nitroethyleen, nitroallylacetaat, nitroethylacrylaat, nitroethylmethacrylaat, trinitroethylacrylaat, dinitropropylacrylaat, C-nitropolystyreen en derivaten ervan, polyurethanen met alifatische C- en N-nitrogroepen, polyesters van dinitrocarbonzuren en dinitrodiolen.Examples of suitable energy-rich binders are nitrocellulose, polyvinyl nitrate, nitroethylene, nitroalyl acetate, nitroethyl acrylate, nitroethyl methacrylate, trinitroethyl acrylate, dinitropropyl acrylate, C-nitropolystyrene and derivatives thereof, polyurethanes with aliphatic C- and N-nitro nitrocarboxylic acids, polyesters and dinitro-nitro carboxylic acids, and polyesters of dinitro nitro carboxylic acids.
40 Volgens een voorkeursuitvoeringsvorm van de uitvinding bestaat component A uit 0-60 gew.% nitrocellulose en 100-40 gew.% van een inerte cellulose-ester. Hierbij heeft de nitrocellulose bijvoorbeeld 12-14 gew.% N en is de inerte cellulose-ester bijvoorbeeld celluloseacetaat of celluloseacetaatbutyraat.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, component A consists of 0-60% by weight of nitrocellulose and 100-40% by weight of an inert cellulose ester. Here, the nitrocellulose has, for example, 12-14% by weight of N and the inert cellulose ester is, for example, cellulose acetate or cellulose acetate butyrate.
Component B is bij voorkeur een vast korrelvormig of poedervormig materiaal dat op uniforme wijze in component A kan worden opgenomen. Volgens een voorkeursuitvoeringsvorm van de uitvinding wordt ten 45 minste 75 gew.% van component B gevormd door één of meer heteroalicyclische nitramineverbindlngen. Bij voorkeur zelfs ten minste 90 gew.%. Nitramineverbindlngen zijn verbindingen met ten minste één N-N02-groep. Heteroalicyclische nitramines bevatten een ring met N-NOz-groepen. Een dergelijke ring of ringen kunnen bijvoorbeeld 2-10 koolstofatomen en 2-10 stikstofatomen in de ring bevatten. Voorbeelden van bij voorkeur toegepaste heteroalicyclische nitramines zijn RDX (cyclo-1,3,5-trimethyleen-2,4,6-trinitramine, 50 cycloniet of hexageen), HMX (cylco-1,3,5,7-tetramethyleen-2,4,6,8-tetranitramine, octogeen) of TATND (tetranitro-tetraminodecaline) en mengsels daarvan.Component B is preferably a solid granular or powdered material that can be uniformly incorporated into component A. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least 75% by weight of component B is formed by one or more heteroalicyclic nitramine compounds. Preferably even at least 90% by weight. Nitramine compounds are compounds with at least one N-NO 2 group. Heteroalicyclic nitramines contain a ring with N-NO 2 groups. Such a ring or rings may contain, for example, 2-10 carbon atoms and 2-10 nitrogen atoms in the ring. Examples of preferred heteroalicyclic nitramines are RDX (cyclo-1,3,5-trimethylene-2,4,6-trinitramine, 50 cyclonite or hexagen), HMX (cyl-1,3,5,7-tetramethylene-2, 4,6,8-tetranitramine, octogenic) or TATND (tetranitro-tetraminodecaline) and mixtures thereof.
Volgens een voorkeursuitvoering van de uitvinding wordt ten minste 75 gew.% van component B gevormd door één of meer van de verbindingen RDX, HMX of TATND.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least 75% by weight of component B is formed by one or more of the compounds RDX, HMX or TATND.
Bij voorkeur bevat component B 50-100 gew.% RDX. Voor voortstuwingsmiddelen bevat de samenstel· 55 ling bij voorkeur 70-80 gew.% RDX.Component B preferably contains 50-100% by weight of RDX. For propellants, the composition preferably contains 70-80% by weight of RDX.
Andere sterk energierijke vulmaterialen kunnen aan de nitramine(s) van component B worden toegevoegd waarbij de niet-nitramine component(en) ten hoogste 25 gew.% van component B uitmaken.Other highly energy-rich fillers can be added to the nitramine (s) of component B with the non-nitramine component (s) constituting a maximum of 25% by weight of component B.
5 1949645, 194964
Voorbeelden van geschikte bekende sterk energierijke materialen zijn picriet (nitroguanidine), TAGN, * aromatische nitramines zoals tetryl, ethyleendinitramine en nitraatesters zoals nitroglycerine (glycerol· trinitraat), butaantrioltrinitraat of penta-erytritoltetranitraat.Examples of suitable known highly energy-rich materials are picrite (nitroguanidine), TAGN, aromatic nitramines such as tetryl, ethylenedinitramine and nitrate esters such as nitroglycerin (glycerol trinitrate), butanetriol trinitrate or pentaerythritol tetranitrate.
Verscheidene bekende toevoegsels kunnen aan de samenstellingen volgens de uitvinding, welke de 5 bovenvermelde componenten A, B en C bevatten, worden toegevoegd. Bij voorkeur vormt het gehalte aan toevoegsels niet meer dan 10 gew.%, bij voorkeur minder dan 5 gew.% van het gecombineerde mengsel, wanneer dit in een voortstuwingsmiddel wordt geformuleerd.Various known additives can be added to the compositions according to the invention, which contain the above-mentioned components A, B and C. Preferably, the content of additives does not constitute more than 10% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight of the combined mixture, when formulated in a propellant.
Het toevoegsel kan bijvooibeeld één of meer stabiliseermiddelen bevatten zoals carbamiet of PNMA (para-nitromethylmethoxyaniline) en/of één of meer ballistische modificeermiddelen, zoals roet of loodzouten 10 en/of één of meer vlamverlagende middelen bijvoorbeeld één of meer natrium- of kaliumzouten zoals natrium- of kaliumsulfaat of -waterstofcarbonaat.For example, the additive may contain one or more stabilizers such as carbamite or PNMA (para-nitromethylmethoxyaniline) and / or one or more ballistic modifiers, such as carbon black or lead salts, and / or one or more flame retardants, for example, one or more sodium or potassium salts such as sodium or potassium sulfate or hydrogen carbonate.
Bij voorkeur toegepaste samenstellingen volgens de uitvinding welke als voortstuwingsmiddelen voor vuurwapens worden toegepast omvatten: nitrocellulose &-10 gew.% 15 celluloseacetaatbutyraat 6-12 gew.% RDX 70-80 gew.% nitroaromatische weekmaker 5-10 gew.% carbamietstabiliseermiddel 1 gew.%Preferred compositions according to the invention which are used as propellants for firearms include: nitrocellulose & 10% by weight cellulose acetate butyrate 6-12% by weight RDX 70-80% by weight nitroaromatic plasticizer 5-10% by weight carbamite stabilizer 1% by weight. %
In deze samenstelling wordt de nitroaromatische weekmaker bij voorkeur gekozen uit één van de 20 onderstaande mogelijkheden: (a) een mengsel van dinitroethylbenzeen en trinitroethylbenzeen bevattende: dinltroethylbenzeen 50-64 gew.% trinitroethylbenzeen 36-50 gew.% (b) 2,4-dinitrotolueen 25 (c) 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol (d) 2,4-dinitro-m-xyleenIn this composition, the nitroaromatic plasticizer is preferably selected from one of the following options: (a) a mixture of dinitroethylbenzene and trinitroethylbenzene containing: dinitroethylbenzene 50-64% by weight trinitroethylbenzene 36-50% by weight (b) 2,4- dinitrotoluene (c) 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol (d) 2,4-dinitro-m-xylene
Samenstellingen volgens de uitvinding kunnen volgens op dit gebied bekende methoden tot producten zoals voortstuwingsmiddelen worden verwerkt. De weekmaker, welke component C bevat wordt aan het polymeer van component A toegevoegd en daardoor geabsorbeerd, zodat het polymeer zwelt en zacht 30 wordt. Indien component C een vaste stof bevat, kan het worden gesmolten en vervolgens aan component A worden toegevoegd of in een geschikt oplosmiddel zoals aceton of ethylacetaat worden toegevoegd. Component B, welke zich bij voorkeur in een pasta met een organisch oplosmiddel bevindt, wordt met een mengsel van de componenten A en C in een geschikte kneedinrichting gemengd voor het vormen van een homogene samenstelling. Eventueel wordt de verkregen samenstelling geperst of in de vorm van een 35 deegachtig materiaal door een extrusiemondstuk met een geschikte vorm geêxtrudeerd. De extrusie kan met behulp van een co-roterende dubbele-schroef-extrudeerinrichting worden uitgevoerd.Compositions according to the invention can be processed into products such as propellants by methods known in the art. The plasticizer containing component C is added to the polymer of component A and absorbed thereby, so that the polymer swells and becomes soft. If component C contains a solid, it can be melted and then added to component A or added in a suitable solvent such as acetone or ethyl acetate. Component B, which is preferably contained in a paste with an organic solvent, is mixed with a mixture of components A and C in a suitable kneader to form a homogeneous composition. Optionally, the resulting composition is pressed or extruded in the form of a dough-like material through an extrusion nozzle of a suitable shape. The extrusion can be carried out with the aid of a co-rotating double-screw extruder.
Het bij de extrusie van de samenstelling volgens de uitvinding verkregen product kan in elke geschikte vorm worden verkregen. In het geval, waarin het product een voortstuwingsmiddel voor vuurwapens is kan het in de vorm van staafjes of korrels van een bekende vorm worden verkregen. Staafjes worden gewoonlijk 40 vervaardigd door het snijden van staven of strengen op een gewenste lengte, welke staven of strengen door een geschikt mondstuk met de bewuste vorm waaronder een longitudinale sleuf zijn geêxtrudeerd. Korrels worden gewoonlijk op soortgelijke wijze gevormd door het op een veel kortere lengte snijden van door extrusie verkregen staven of strengen. Gewoonlijk bevatten dergelijke korrels kleine holten, bijvoorbeeld 7 holten welke in de lengterichting daarover zijn verdeeld voor het verschaffen van geschikte brand-45 oppervlakken.The product obtained during the extrusion of the composition according to the invention can be obtained in any suitable form. In the case where the product is a propellant for firearms, it can be obtained in the form of rods or granules of a known form. Bars are usually made by cutting bars or strands to a desired length, which bars or strands are extruded through a suitable nozzle of the particular shape under which a longitudinal slot. Granules are usually formed in a similar manner by cutting rods or strands obtained by extrusion to a much shorter length. Typically, such granules contain small cavities, for example, 7 cavities which are longitudinally distributed thereon to provide suitable burn surfaces.
Een belangrijk aspect van bepaalde voortstuwingsproducten is de webgrootte van de productvorm of configuratie. Deze parameters, welke algemeen bekend is aan deskundigen op het gebied van voortstuwingsmiddelen is de minimale dikte van het voortstuwingsmiddel, dat van het ene oppervlak naar het andere oppervlak wordt verbrand. Bijvoorbeeld wanneer het voortstuwingsproduct een simpele 50 buisconfiguratie bezit is de webgrootte de afstand tussen de buiten- en binnenwand van de dwarsdoorsnede van de buis. Webgroottes van voortstuwingsproducten met samenstellingen volgens de uitvinding kunnen overeenkomstig de specifieke toepassing over een traject variëren, bijvoorbeeld van 0,5 mm tot 4,0 mm, alhoewel met voordeel webgroottes aan de onderzijde van dit traject, bijvoorbeeld van 0,5 mm tot 2,0 mm gewoonlijk het beste geschikt zijn voor de meeste toepassingen aangezien de samenstellingen normaliter 55 een lage verbrandingsgraad bezitten.An important aspect of certain propulsion products is the web size of the product form or configuration. These parameters, which are well known to those skilled in the art of propellants, are the minimum thickness of the propellant that is burned from one surface to the other. For example, if the propulsion product has a simple tube configuration, the web size is the distance between the outer and inner wall of the tube cross section. Web sizes of propulsion products with compositions according to the invention can vary over a range according to specific application, e.g. from 0.5 mm to 4.0 mm, although advantageously web sizes at the bottom of this range, e.g. from 0.5 mm to 2, 0 mm are usually best suited for most applications since the compositions normally have a low degree of combustion.
Voorbeelden van samenstellingen volgens de uitvinding alsook de toepassing ervan bij de productie van voortstuwingsmaterialen worden in het onderstaande beschreven.Examples of compositions of the invention as well as their use in the production of propellant materials are described below.
« 194964 6"194964 6
In de volgende voorbeelden worden de geschikte componenten A, B en C (zoals boven gedefinieerd) met behulp van bekende methoden bereid. Vervolgens worden deze componenten op een algemene en op dit gebied bekende wijze tot voortstuwingsproducten geformeerd. De vaste bestanddelen waaronder de component A en B en mogelijk kleine hoeveelheden toevoegsels zoals stabiliseermiddel en/of vlam· 5 verlagend middel worden als een poeder in een incorporatieinrichting (menginrichting) geladen, waarvan de bladen vooraf met een organisch oplosmiddel zijn bevochtigd. De viskeuze vloeistof met de component C wordt aan een oplosmiddel toegevoegd waarna het mengsel in de incorporatieinrichting wordt gegoten waaraan vervolgens een verdere hoeveelheid oplosmiddel wordt toegevoegd. Het mengsel wordt vervolgens gedurende 30 minuten gemengd waarna een verdere hoeveelheid oplosmiddel wordt toegevoegd en het 10 mengsel vervolgens nog eens 4 uren wordt gemengd. Tijdens het mengen wordt continu koud water door de incorporatieinrichting geleid.In the following examples, the suitable components A, B and C (as defined above) are prepared by known methods. These components are then formed into propulsion products in a general and known manner in this field. The solid components including components A and B and possibly small amounts of additives such as stabilizer and / or flame retardant are loaded as a powder into an incorporator (mixer), the blades of which have previously been moistened with an organic solvent. The viscous liquid with component C is added to a solvent, after which the mixture is poured into the incorporator to which a further amount of solvent is then added. The mixture is then mixed for 30 minutes after which a further amount of solvent is added and the mixture is then mixed for a further 4 hours. During mixing, cold water is continuously passed through the incorporation device.
Na de bewerking in de incorporatieinrichting wordt het gevormde mengsel bij een temperatuur van normaliter 5O-90°C in een oven gedurende verscheidene uren gedroogd en vervolgens geperst of geëxtrudeerd tot strengen van de vereiste vorm en webgrootte welke tot geschikte lengten worden 15 gesneden zoals duidelijk voor een deskundige op dit gebied.After processing in the incorporator, the formed mixture is dried at a temperature of normally 50 ° -90 ° C. in an oven for several hours and then pressed or extruded into strands of the required shape and web size which are cut to suitable lengths as evident for an expert in this field.
Producten volgens de uitvinding, welke samenstellingen van de onderstaande componenten bevatten kunnen op de bovenbeschreven manier worden vervaardigd. In de onderstaande samenstelling stelt ’’nitrocellulose” het product nitrocellulose met 12,6 gew.% N voor.Products according to the invention, which contain compositions of the components below, can be manufactured in the manner described above. In the composition below, "nitrocellulose" represents the nitrocellulose product with 12.6% N by weight.
20 Samenstelling 1 Ingrediënten Gew.% component A celluloseacetaat 20 component B RDX 71 component C 2,4-dinitrotolueen 8 carbamiet 1 2520 Composition 1 Ingredients Weight% component A cellulose acetate 20 component B RDX 71 component C 2,4-dinitrotoluene 8 carbamite 1 25
Samenstellingen 2-75 component A celluloseacetaat . 20 component B RDX 71 component C 2,4-dinitrotolueen 4 30 verbinding X* 4 carbamiet 1 * waarin X achtereenvolgens de bovenvermelde verbindingen 1-68 en 70-75 voorsteltCompositions 2-75 component A cellulose acetate. Component B RDX 71 component C 2,4-dinitrotoluene 4 compound X * 4 carbamite 1 * wherein X successively represents the aforementioned compounds 1-68 and 70-75
Samenstelling 76 gg component A celluloseacetaatbutyraat 15 nitrocellulose 5 component B RDX 71 component C1 9 waarin component C1 bevat 40 2,6-dinitrotolueen 10 gew.dln 2.4- dinitrotolueen 45 gew.dln 2.4.6- trinitrotolueen 45 gew.dlnComposition 76 µg component A cellulose acetate butyrate 15 nitrocellulose 5 component B RDX 71 component C1 9 in which component C1 contains 2,6 2,6-dinitrotoluene 10 parts by weight 2,4-dinitrotoluene 45 parts by weight 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene 45 parts by weight
Samenstelling 77 40 component A celluloseacetaatbutyraat 15 nitrocellulose 5 component B RDX 71 component C2 9 waarin component C2 bevat 50 2,6-dinitrotolueen 2 gew.dln 2.4- dinitrotolueen 54 gew.dln 2.4.6- trinitrotolueen 44 gew.dln t 7 194964 . Samenstelling 78 component A celtuloseacetaatbutyraat 15 nitrocellulose 5 5 component B RDX 71 component C3 9 waarin component C3 bevat: 2.6- dinitrotolueen 2 gew.dln 2.4- dinitrotolueen 64 gew.dln 2.4.6- trinitrotolueen 34 gew.dlnComposition 77 40 component A cellulose acetate butyrate 15 nitrocellulose 5 component B RDX 71 component C2 9 in which component C2 contains 2,6-dinitrotoluene 2 parts by weight 2,4-dinitrotoluene 54 parts by weight 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene 44 parts by weight 7194964. Composition 78 component A cellulose acetate butyrate 15 nitrocellulose 5 component B RDX 71 component C3 9 in which component C3 contains: 2,6-dinitrotoluene 2 parts by weight 2,4-dinitrotoluene 64 parts by weight 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene 34 parts by weight
Samenstelling 79 component A celuloseacetaatbutyraat 15 nitrocellulose 5 component B RDX 71 component C4 9 waarin component C4 bevat: 2.6- dinitro-1-ethylbenzeen 10 gew.dln 2.4- dinitro-1-ethylbenzeen 45 gew.dln 20 2,4,6-trinitro-1-ethylbenzeen 45 gew.dlnComposition 79 component A cellulose acetate butyrate 15 nitrocellulose 5 component B RDX 71 component C4 9 in which component C4 contains: 2,6-dinitro-1-ethylbenzene 10 parts by weight 2,4-dinitro-1-ethylbenzene 45 parts by weight 2,4,6-trinitro -1-ethylbenzene 45 parts by weight
Samenstelling 80 component A celluloseacetaatbutyraat 15 nitrocellulose 5 25 componentB RDX 71 component C5 9 waarin component C5 bevat 2.6- dinitro-1-ethylbenzeen 2 gew.dln 2.4- dinitro-1-ethylbenzeen 54 gew.dln 30 2,4,6-trinitro-l -ethylbenzeen 44 gew.dlnComposition 80 component A cellulose acetate butyrate 15 nitrocellulose 5 component B RDX 71 component C5 9 in which component C5 contains 2,6-dinitro-1-ethylbenzene 2 parts by weight 2,4-dinitro-1-ethylbenzene 54 parts by weight 2,4,6-trinitro- 1-ethylbenzene 44 parts
Samenstelling 81 component A celluloseacetaatbutyraat 15 nitrocellulose 5 ^ component B RDX 71 component C6 9 waarin component C6 bevat 2.6- dinitro-1-ethylbenzeen 2 gew.dln 2.4- dinitro-1-ethylbenzeen 64 gew.dln ^0 2,4,6-trinitro-1-ethylbenzeen 34 gew.dlnComposition 81 component A cellulose acetate butyrate nitrocellulose 5 component B RDX 71 component C6 9 in which component C6 contains 2,6-dinitro-1-ethylbenzene 2 parts by weight 2,4-dinitro-1-ethylbenzene 64 parts by weight ^ 0 2,4,6- trinitro-1-ethylbenzene 34 parts
Samenstelling 82 component A celluloseacetaatbutyraat 15 nitrocellulose 5 40 component B RDX 71 component C7 9 waarbij component C7 bevat: 1-isopropyl-2,6-dinitrobenzeen 10 gew.dln 1-isopropyl-2,4-dinitrobenzeen 45 gew.dln 1-isopropyl-3,4,6-trinitrobenzeen 45 gew.dlnComposition 82 component A cellulose acetate butyrate 15 nitrocellulose 5 component B RDX 71 component C7 9 wherein component C7 contains: 1-isopropyl-2,6-dinitrobenzene 10 parts by weight 1-isopropyl-2,4-dinitrobenzene 45 parts by weight 1-isopropyl -3,4,6-trinitrobenzene 45 parts
OUOU
Samenstelling 83 component A celluloseacetaatbutyraat 15 nitrocellulose 5 00 component B RDX 71 component C8 9 t 194964 β waarbij component C8 bevat: 1-isopropyl-2,6-dinitrobenzeen 2 gew.dln 1 -isopropyl-2,4-dinitrobenzeen 54 gew.dln , 1-isopropyl-3,4,6-trinitrobenzeen 44 gew.dln oComposition 83 component A cellulose acetate butyrate 15 nitrocellulose 500 component B RDX 71 component C8 9 t 194964 β where component C8 contains: 1-isopropyl-2,6-dinitrobenzene 2 parts by weight 1-isopropyl-2,4-dinitrobenzene 54 parts by weight 1-isopropyl-3,4,6-trinitrobenzene 44 parts by weight o
Samenstelling 84 component A celluloseacetaatbutyraat 15 nitrocellulose 5 component B RDX 71 component C9 9 waarbij component C9 bevat: 1-isopropyl-2,6-dlnitrobenzeen 2 gew.dln 1-isopropyl-2,4-dinitrobenzeen 64 gew.dln l-isopropyl-SAG-trinitrobenzeen 34 gew.dln Ί5Composition 84 component A cellulose acetate butyrate nitrocellulose 5 component B RDX 71 component C9 9 where component C9 contains: 1-isopropyl-2,6-nitrobenzene 2 parts by weight 1-isopropyl-2,4-dinitrobenzene 64 parts by weight 1-isopropyl- SAG trinitrobenzene 34 parts of Ί5
Samenstelling 85 component A celluloseacetaatbutyraat 12 nitrocellulose 8,2 2Q component B RDX 73,8 component C6 5 component D carbamiet 1 waarbij component C6 de bovengenoemde betekenis bezit.Composition 85 component A cellulose acetate butyrate 12 nitrocellulose 8.2 2Q component B RDX 73.8 component C6 5 component D carbamite 1 wherein component C6 has the above meaning.
Samenstelling 86 component A celluloseacetaatbutyraat 12 nitrocellulose 8,2 component B RDX 73,8 component C10 5 component D carbamiet 1 waarbij component C10 bevat: 2.6- dinitro-1 -ethylbenzeen 2 gew.dln 2,4-dinitro-1-ethylbenzeen 48 gew.dln 2.4.6- trinitro-1-ethylbenzeen 50 gew.dln 35Composition 86 component A cellulose acetate butyrate 12 nitrocellulose 8.2 component B RDX 73.8 component C10 5 component D carbamite 1 where component C10 contains: 2,6-dinitro-1-ethylbenzene 2 parts by weight 2,4-dinitro-1-ethylbenzene 48% by weight parts of 2,4,6-trinitro-1-ethylbenzene 50 parts of 35
Samenstelling 87 component A celluloseacetaatbutyraat 8 nitrocellulose 10 component B RDX 72 component C10 9 component D carbamiet 1 waarbij component C10 de bovengenoemde betekenis bezitComposition 87 component A cellulose acetate butyrate 8 nitrocellulose 10 component B RDX 72 component C10 9 component D carbamite 1 where component C10 has the above meaning
Samenstelling 88 component A celluloseacetaatbutyraat 6 nitrocellulose 8 component B RDX 77 component C10 8,5 component D carbamiet 0,5 waarbij component C10 de bovengenoemde betekenis bezit.Composition 88 component A cellulose acetate butyrate 6 nitrocellulose 8 component B RDX 77 component C10 8.5 component D carbamite 0.5 with component C10 having the above meaning.
9 194964 , Samenstelling 89 component A celluloseacetaatbutyraat 12 nitrocellulose 8,2 component B RDX 73,8 component C 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol 5 component D carbamiet 19 194964, Composition 89 component A cellulose acetate butyrate 12 nitrocellulose 8.2 component B RDX 73.8 component C 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol 5 component D carbamite 1
Samenstelling 90 component A celluloseacetaatbutyraat 12 nitrocellulose 8,2 component B RDX 73,8 component C 2,4-dinitrotolueen 5 component D carbamiet 1 15Composition 90 component A cellulose acetate butyrate 12 nitrocellulose 8.2 component B RDX 73.8 component C 2,4-dinitrotoluene 5 component D carbamite 1 15
Samenstelling 91 component A celluloseacetaatbutyraat 12 nitrocellulose 8,2 component B RDX 73,8 20 component C 2,4-dinitro-m-xyleen 5 component D carbamiet 1Composition 91 component A cellulose acetate butyrate 12 nitrocellulose 8.2 component B RDX 73.8 component C 2,4-dinitro-m-xylene 5 component D carbamite 1
De samenstellingen 1-91 vertonen energieniveaus, welke bij benadering in het traject van 1100-1300 Joules per gram liggen. Zoals in het bovenstaande is vermeld vertonen de dubbele basissamenstellingen 25 gewoonlijk een lagere ontstekingstemperatuur en geringere kwetsbaarheid bij dezelfde energieniveaus. Voorbeelden van de eigenschappen van enkele van de bovenvermelde samenstellingen worden in de onderstaande tabel A vermeld, waarin E = voortstuwingsenergie in kJ per kg, T = vlamtemperatuur van het voortstuwingsmiddel in ° Kelvin, 30 d = dichtheid in gram per cm3.The compositions 1-91 exhibit energy levels which are approximately in the range of 1100-1300 Joules per gram. As stated above, the double basic compositions usually exhibit a lower ignition temperature and less vulnerability at the same energy levels. Examples of the properties of some of the above compositions are given in Table A below, where E = propellant energy in kJ per kg, T = flame temperature of the propellant in ° Kelvin, 30 d = density in grams per cm3.
TABEL ATABLE A
Eigenschappen van voorbeelden van samenstellingen 35 Samenstelling No. E T d 85 1178 3088 1,689 86 1182 3143 1,689 87 1216 3241 1,691 40 88 1279 3453 1,706 89 1170 3092 1,686 90 1174 3123 1,671 91 1168 3054 1,671 1 2 3 4 5 6 2Properties of Examples of Compositions E T d 85 1178 3088 1,689 86 1182 3143 1,689 87 1216 3241 1,691 40 88 1279 3453 1,706 89 1170 3092 1,686 90 1174 3123 1,671 91 1168 3054 1,671 1 2 3 4 5 6 2
De samenstellingen 1-91 vertonen ontstekingstemperaturen, welke 20-30°C hoger liggen dan de bekende 3 dubbele basis* en driedubbele basissamenstellingen van hetzelfde energieniveau.The compositions 1-91 exhibit ignition temperatures which are 20-30 ° C higher than the known 3 double base * and triple base compositions of the same energy level.
44
Bijvoorbeeld bezit een samenstelling op basis van: 5 nitroglycerine 32 gew.% 6 nitrocellulose 32 gew.% picriet 35 gew.% carbamiet 1 gew.% een soortgelijk energieniveau als samenstelling 85 maar de ontstekingstemperatuur, te weten 161°C, is aanzienlijk lager dan de ontstekingstemperatuur, te weten 226°C, van samenstelling 85.For example, a composition based on: 5 nitroglycerin 32% by weight 6 nitrocellulose 32% by weight picrite 35% by weight carbamite 1% by weight has a similar energy level as composition 85, but the ignition temperature, namely 161 ° C, is considerably lower than the ignition temperature, namely 226 ° C, of composition 85.
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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|---|---|---|---|
| GB8616322 | 1986-07-04 | ||
| GB868616322A GB8616322D0 (en) | 1985-07-08 | 1986-07-04 | Conduit fitting |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| NL8715010A NL8715010A (en) | 1991-10-01 |
| NL194964B NL194964B (en) | 2003-05-01 |
| NL194964C true NL194964C (en) | 2003-09-02 |
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| NL8715010A NL194964C (en) | 1986-07-04 | 1987-07-02 | Energy-rich composition. |
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| AU (1) | AU663677B1 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE1005565A7 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1325518C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3744680C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2664587B1 (en) |
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| IT (1) | IT1235712B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL194964C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE500687C2 (en) |
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| US5540794A (en) * | 1992-05-11 | 1996-07-30 | Thiokol Corporation | Energetic binder and thermoplastic elastomer-based low vulnerability ammunition gun propellants with improved mechanical properties |
| SE470480B (en) * | 1992-10-02 | 1994-05-24 | Bofors Explosives Ab | Fuel for Air bags |
| US5487851A (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1996-01-30 | Thiokol Corporation | Composite gun propellant processing technique |
| US6214137B1 (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 2001-04-10 | Cordant Technologies Inc. | High performance explosive containing CL-20 |
| DE19900110A1 (en) * | 1998-01-05 | 1999-07-08 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Desensitized nitroamine-containing propellent suitable for heterogeneous charges |
| US6241833B1 (en) * | 1998-07-16 | 2001-06-05 | Alliant Techsystems, Inc. | High energy gun propellants |
| AU6046300A (en) * | 1999-12-22 | 2001-07-03 | Cordant Technologies, Inc. | Reduced sensitivity melt-cast explosives |
| US7067024B2 (en) | 2001-06-27 | 2006-06-27 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Reduced sensitivity, melt-pourable TNT replacements |
| US6964714B2 (en) | 2001-06-27 | 2005-11-15 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Reduced sensitivity, melt-pourable tritonal replacements |
| DE102010020776B4 (en) | 2010-05-18 | 2015-03-05 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Propellant charge and method for its production |
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| US3528864A (en) * | 1965-09-21 | 1970-09-15 | Us Navy | High impulse explosives containing tungsten |
| DE2329558C3 (en) * | 1973-06-09 | 1978-10-05 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V., 8000 Muenchen | Pourable gas generator propellants |
| DE2365595A1 (en) * | 1973-07-14 | 1975-10-02 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | High explosives with resin binder - with low impact sensitivity and high crushing strength |
| DE2336004A1 (en) * | 1973-07-14 | 1975-02-13 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Strong moldings of heavy duty explosives - by pressing powders prepd. by pptn from organic solvents |
| DE2709949C2 (en) * | 1977-03-08 | 1982-09-16 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München | Crystalline high performance explosive |
| US4092188A (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1978-05-30 | Lovelace Alan M Acting Adminis | Nitramine propellants |
| DE2753555C1 (en) * | 1977-12-01 | 1990-09-20 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Use of polymeric polynitroaromatics in quicksets |
| DE3023462A1 (en) * | 1980-06-24 | 1984-02-23 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | NITRATED ARYLAETHER |
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1987
- 1987-07-02 DE DE3744680A patent/DE3744680C2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-02 BE BE0000114A patent/BE1005565A7/en active
- 1987-07-02 NL NL8715010A patent/NL194964C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-07-03 CA CA000541310A patent/CA1325518C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-07-06 AU AU75645/87A patent/AU663677B1/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-07-06 GB GB8715870A patent/GB2243826B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-02-23 FR FR8802281A patent/FR2664587B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-04-18 IT IT8847864A patent/IT1235712B/en active
- 1988-05-25 SE SE8801944A patent/SE500687C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3744680C2 (en) | 1996-10-02 |
| SE500687C2 (en) | 1994-08-08 |
| GB8715870D0 (en) | 1991-06-12 |
| AU663677B1 (en) | 1995-10-19 |
| BE1005565A7 (en) | 1993-06-15 |
| DE3744680A1 (en) | 1991-11-28 |
| SE8801944D0 (en) | 1988-05-25 |
| SE8801944L (en) | 1991-09-06 |
| NL8715010A (en) | 1991-10-01 |
| FR2664587A1 (en) | 1992-01-17 |
| GB2243826B (en) | 1992-03-25 |
| GB2243826A (en) | 1991-11-13 |
| IT1235712B (en) | 1992-09-24 |
| IT8847864A0 (en) | 1988-04-18 |
| CA1325518C (en) | 1993-12-28 |
| FR2664587B1 (en) | 1993-09-24 |
| NL194964B (en) | 2003-05-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| BA | A request for search or an international-type search has been filed | ||
| BB | A search report has been drawn up | ||
| BC | A request for examination has been filed | ||
| CNR | Transfer of rights (patent application after its laying open for public inspection) |
Owner name: BAE SYSTEMS PLC |
|
| V1 | Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20060201 |