NL1043468B1 - Method, 3d manufacturing system and print head therfor - Google Patents
Method, 3d manufacturing system and print head therfor Download PDFInfo
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- NL1043468B1 NL1043468B1 NL1043468A NL1043468A NL1043468B1 NL 1043468 B1 NL1043468 B1 NL 1043468B1 NL 1043468 A NL1043468 A NL 1043468A NL 1043468 A NL1043468 A NL 1043468A NL 1043468 B1 NL1043468 B1 NL 1043468B1
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- printer
- filament
- heater block
- block
- printer according
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002113 nanodiamond Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000252067 Megalops atlanticus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101150010783 Aard gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000272470 Circus Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000000188 Vaccinium ovalifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
- B29C48/3001—Extrusion nozzles or dies characterised by the material or their manufacturing process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/86—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the nozzle zone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a method of operating a 3D printer of a 3D printing based manufacturing system in which a filament of printing material is driven 5 into a printer head, in which the filament is driven into a printer head so as to be expelled therefrom in molten form, the method comprising the steps of driving the filament into a heater block thermally separated from a feeder element by means of a connection between feeder element and heating block centrally comprising a thermally isolating separator or distance member through which the filament is fed. By including a thermally 10 not or minimally conducting distance holder in the feeding or entry path of the filament, the invention realizes that the heat path to which the filament is subjected is effectively elongated, i.e. the filament is instantly brought into contact with a heater block part of a maximum possible temperature level. 1043468
Description
METHOD, 3D MANUFACTURING SYSTEM AND PRINT HEAD THERFOR Field and background of the Invention 3 [0991] The present invention relates io an improvement in a so-called 3D device manufacturing system, in popular sense also known as a 3D printer, an improved print head and manner of using or operating a print head.
[0002] So called 3D printing based device manufacturing systems have been out in the art ever since 1982, however have presently not only become popular in amateur or hobbyist areas for various purposes, but have also in industry become established as a professional means of prodocing devices or spare parts. The economic significance of these systems not only resides in the ability to relatively easily create special shapes or to quickly create prototypes for testing purposes, but also in on demand supply, saving various forms of costs like in storage, transport and administration.
13 [0003] The print head of such systems very often is derived from preceding plastic molding technology, be it that the conventional melting technology thereof is often developed for receiving and melting granulate material rather then filament material. In the respect of a 3D printer departing from the use of filament material as presently at stake, CN 10464775 1A of May 2015 discloses a heat conductive material attached on the 29 inner side wall of the hole passing through a heating block of the print head and the center of the nozzle. In the annexed figore, plastic string 1 may be noticed, fed by extruder 3 into a heater block 3, feeding molten plastic into a nozzle 4. The plastic heating system is improved by the insertion of a “plate heater 7” In a “heating chamber” having internal copper walls and external insulating material 3, Where the application of 2% the plastic heating system may be shaped or described differently, the underlying problemn of uniformly melting plastic for a subsequent application or use thereof in molten form is a generic one of melting and is in many cases essentially not solved differently than already known from this CN publication, One example of such may e.g be the embodiment of WO2016047732, published 31 march 2016, which teaches to provide the hole with a division into a large centralized hole section and a lower section (3) with multiple holes (see Figure 5). While the latter publication 1s dedicated to 3D printing, if in fact utilizes known solutions of uniformly melting plastic in a manner of a straight forward carry over of existing technology to 3D printers. Another, generic example of a 3D printer system coping with the necessity of melting a filament of material may
Je amongst others be found in USH233506 relating to a hguelier asserobly for nse in additive manufacturing systent,
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 3 (0004) In the present invention various essential improvements have been made to the known 3D printer, beth in various constituent parts, which, as will become clear may often also be applied independently from one another, as well as to the method of operating such 313 printer, if not to a method of 3D printing, all m view of promoting ether or both of the speed and the quality of printing.
id
[6003] Various aspeets of the invention and an example of part of an embodiment of the vention is Hhustrated in the drawings which depart from the general and wide spread knowledge of 3D printing system and exiraders therefor, and in which: 19008] PIG, 1 schematically depicts a certain cross sectional view of a print head in aceardance with the present invention; 00071 FIG. 2 is another cross sectional view of the same, further clarifying the print head design of the invention; 10008] FIG 3 ilastrates from a perspective view the upper mnl of the heater in accordance with the present invention; ooo FIG. 4 analogously illustrates the bottom distal end thereof, with a print nozzle attached: fooi] FHS. 8 schematically illustates an invention according to which the filament receiving chamber of a heater block splits up into different channels for guiding and 23 heating filament material: {0011 FRG. SA provides an external, perspective view of the preceding; [00121 FIG, 6 and 0A, in a perspechve view tHustrate yet an other invention, here cooperating with the imvention of FG. 5, according to which the print nozzle is screwed to an externa thread of the heater block, 001) FIG, 8A is provides the view with the nozzle removed, and further illastraies a preferred embodiment in which the heater block is split up into four separate channels debouching into a normally comically shaped plenum of the here not depicted print Horie
Je food) FIG. 7 illustrates yet another independently applicable invention and measure, according to which the heater block is split np into an outer section carrying electric heater elements and an inner, detacheable section in which the receiving sections for the filament to be liquefied; 0015] Figure 8 illustrates that the latter invention may be applied in conjunction with other inventions and measures mentioned here such as the invention in accordance with figure 5, the one measure thus becoming an aspect of the other, while still also independently being applicable if so preferred or desired: fon16] FIG. 9 and FIG. 9A illustrate the latter design of figure 7 and 8 from different perspective views.
017) FIG 10 and [0A from an outer perspective view and from a cross sectional view illustrate the invention of providing a standing aver of air around the heater block, in particular by providing the heat sink circursferential to mather than in line with the heater block. As in figure 1 and 2, FIG. 10A also illustrates the invention of providing a iS thermally isolating distance member between the heat sink, be it the upper wall thereof, or the lower end thereof as In prior art designs.
[00181 FIG. 11 and 11A illustrate the latter design in a perspective view with an without the print nozzle attached, and also showing a measure to have the electric heating elements partially protruding from, Le. through the outer heat block part; [00m] BIG. 12 illustrates an embodiment in which the heater block section accommodating the separate channels is designed of greater height that than the first section with central receiving chamber for the filament.
[00201 FUG. 12A illustrates the invention relating to the thermally decoupling distance member applied in an otherwise largely conventional printer head design; 23 [0021] BIG, 13 illustrates the application of the invention of a standing layer of air, or circumferentially applied heat sink 10 an otherwise largely conventionally desigoed heater block.
[00221 FIG. 13A illustrates the application of circumferentially distributed screws between heater block and feeder element in an otherwise conventionally designed printer head, as well as the roeasure of having in this case four electric heater elements protruding from the heater block; {0023} FIG, 14 and 14A illustrate different perspective views of the design according to FIG. 13.
de fod) FIG, 15 iHustrates a print head carrying system according to another aspect of the present invention according to which the print head is supported by what may be called a compliant joint, comprising npwardly extending lugs attached 1o the print head, articulating with zu intermediary block over a first axis, the intermediary block S articulating with a support rod over a second axis oriented transverse to the fis axis, both parallel to an imaginary of previewed work piece area, the Invention taking away lag from the system; pos) FIG 16 and 186A illustrate the same from a top and bolfom view respectively, and both FIG, 15 and 16, along with figure 1 illustrating another sspeet of the invention, iu 19 which the print bead accommodates cooling or ventilation means, further controlling and iraproving the process and work piece io be delivered.
DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS fone FIG, 1 and further disclose a method of operating a 3D printer of a 3D printing based mamdaciuring system in which a filament of printing material is driven into a printer head, in which the filament is driven io a printer head so as to be expelled therefrom in molten form, the method compuising the steps of driving the filament info a hester black thermaliy separated Trom a fowler element by means of a connection between feeder element and heating block centrally comprising a thermally isolating separator or distance member through which the lament is fed, By including a thermally uot or minimally conducting distance holder in the feeding or entry path of the filament, the invention realizes that the heat path to which the filament is subjected is effectively elongated, Le. the filament is instantly brought inte contact with a heater block part of 2 maximum possible temperature level. Hence this measure increases the melting capacity of the heater block, and therewith improves both quality and speed of the print head. 027! Yet a further, in fact also independently applicable measure scoording to the present invention holds the receiving and heating of the filament in a first receiving section included as a common chamber for receiving filament and filament material, and subsequently dividing the foment material within a second, further Slament receiving section of the heater block into separate streams of material, With such a method of 3D printing and with a 3D printer adapted thereto, high hesting temperature roay be attained as well as z controlled transition from solid filament stage to a gradually melting at least due to increased temperature environment, softening of the filament. This soffesed
He filament may be pressured further into separate channels where the material may be heated through and through since the thickness of the material relative to the surrounding heat wall 1s much more favorable than in in the frst section, This is unlike many prior art designs where the core of the filament may still be crumble at least not as fluid as in the circumferential parts of the filament to be spelled ont.
[0028] An optimising feature in accordance with the preceding holds that the inner wall of the first receiving section is provided with grooves spiraling towards the lower end of the section, In this manner the partly heated filament may already mechanically be somewhat mixed or split up, especially if more than one grooves is carved or otherwise at least largely shaped. An even farther improvement in pre-mixing and flow of heated if not largely molten plastic is attained if the grooves each spiral towards an opening in the second receiving section for realizing said separate streams. [ons According to yet a further, and in fact also independently applicable method step, the heated material is and expelled from the heater block via a printer nozzle, receiving iS said separate streams and recombining the same for at least in part, the nozzle thereby maintained in intimate thermal contact with said heater block. In this manner it is assured that final mixing is with certainty performed on thoroughly softened if not molen material, since all expelled from a relatively small diameter heater channel, and since the nozzle itsolf in fact is virtually integrated with the heat block due to its large, circumferential and screwed thermal contact with the block. In that manner it is assured that the thoroughly heated material will not solidify at arriving in contact with a nozzle which in prior art design may be found to be of relatively lower temperature, e.g. due to the nozzle normally be screwed to an inner thread of the heater block. The nozzle according to the invention is hence provided for adhering to the heater block via screw 23 thread provided to the outer side, i.e. circumference of an end part of the heater block. In this manner the thermal contacting surface may, with the thread even further be increased. Yet another measure to the nozzle, in fact to even further support the latter heat effect, holds that tightening of the nozzle to the heater block causes an end face of the heater block to intimately contact an at least largely corresponding, opposing face provided within the nozzle, therewith further increasing the thermal contact between heater block and nozzle. Where the latter is made of a messing type of material, internal transfer of heat 1s optimized.
Ge (00301 It is revnarked that in a further development of the method in accordance with the vention, the thermally separated connection between feeder element and heating block comprises radially outward disposed screws, firmly connecting the feeder element to the heater block, of course under maintaining the pre-mentioned thermally decoupling mechanical distance holder, Where the latter may be made of a composite or ceramic material, the screws are of a staindess steel, may be maintained relatively small so as thereby equally minimizing heat transfer over the screws, Where any local loss of hest level conld be remarked, this will in the present, sew design be relatively remotely from the cesteal section housing and heating the Slament, therehy maintaining a relatively high temperature al entry of the filament, at least temperature wise favorable condition, when compared to prior ant designs. So as to promote this remoteness of a potential heat bridge, the three screws ave regularly distributed disposed for said firm connection, preferably the screws incorporated in a flange-tike part for the feeder element, A favorable side effect of this design is that shimdianeonsly the rigidity or bending stiffness In the connection iS between feeder element and beating block is optinmzed, if not tmproved relative to many prior art designs, The presently discussed feature may bance, whether or not even only for the latter advantage, or in conjunction with or solely for the thermal effect, hence also be applied either in conjunction with the preceding Tor further optivyization, but alse independently.
[0031] In yet a further development of the present invention, and also equally independently applicable measure, the heater block is included in the print head in a manner surrounded by a standing volume of afr. In this manner, despite continuous movement of the print head a continuously stable thermal environment is created for the heater Block, increasing it's capacity to maintain a high and constant heat level, therewith increasing controllability of the printer head and of the printing process, in particular both the speed and the quality thereof, In a most favorable embodiment, this feature is realized by having the a volume of standing air surrounding the heater block provided by way of a heat sink included in the print head cireumferentialiy to the heater block. Another important effect of having the hest sink circumferential to the heater block rather thas preceding it, is that the height of the heater block may relatively easily be increased, therewith allowing for even further improvement and control of the melting process of a filament at extey thereof into the heater block. Also for this season alone the heat sink may be included chrcumferentially to the hoster block.
JT [00321 In a further development of the latter, the surrounding heat sink is closed to it's upper distal end by an upper wall. An upper wall part of the heat sink may form a flange part to the feeding clement, In such design, the feeder element favorably is centrally screwed into an opper wall part of the circu ferential beat sink.
{00331 Further to the preceding it may be noted that the feeder element is favorably formed by a mainly tubular or prismatic part, abutting to the thermally isolating distance member by a distal end face. Internally, in a preferred embodiment the inner channel thereof may at some point or gradually be formed tapered. The feeder element preferably is further secured in the print head by way of a counter acting wu, screwed to the outer IG side of the tubular part and abutting the flange like part to which the feeder element is secured, e.g by the part being screwed into the flange Uke part via an inner screw thread thereof.
(0034) In a further favorable development of the macthod according to the vention, the heat sink is produced in an aluminum: material, keeping centrifogal forces down for as far iS as increased by the more remote positioning of the weight of the heat sink. Equally if not more important is that the beater block is in the present invention also produced in aluminum. It was recognized that with the preceding measure of the invention, to generally raise and equally distribute the heat within the heat block, the filament material becomes soft in a much earlier stage, therewith reducing both internal resistance, even when in fact increased to some extend by the splitting thereof into separate streams, as well as it’s abrasive effect. It is for this reason recognized that the heat block may be produced in aluminum material. This is all the more so if at least part of the inner wall of anyone of the chamber sections is provided with a diamond, 1 particular nano-diamond coating, Maintaining a low weight in the print head supports swift and smooth manipulation and movement of the print head and therewith speed and quality as performance factors of a print head.
[0035] In yet a further development the heater block is provided in a two part form comprising of a circamferential outer block part provided with receptacles for electric heater elements, and a central inner part provided with said first and second section receiving chambers. Preferably and favorably, the central portion is screwed into the outer portion, hence may be released, i.e. taken away therefrom e.g. for replacement, the portions thereto being provided with inner and outer screw thread respectively.
[00361 In yet a further development if the method of 3D printing, in accordance with the present invention, the heater block is provided with zl least one heat sensor, This measure allows for improved control of the printer chavactenistic, m1 that the temperature may be maintained relatively low if relatively slow printing speeds are desired for any particular S section of a work piece, cg. for high quality or accuracy, and relatively high where large volumes of material may be expelled, e.g. for reason that quality may locally not be of concern or be goaranteed also under such increased printing speeds.
The printing method is even further improved in that the 3D printer system of the present invention is provided with a pressure sensor.
This may be for divectly or indirectly sensing feeding pressure of
Hy the filament.
Where such a sensor could o.g also be included in the extruder of the filament or io a motor shaft thereof, H may also be the case that a veceiving chamber or receiving chamber part is provided with a pressure sensor, A major advantahe of having such prassare sensor is not only in controlling delivery of a constant stream of material and at cortain pressure, but alse the possibility to timely control towards a so-called retraction action of the lament, in which, at jumps over the work pioce, ne material is meanwhile expelled as in prior art desigas or leaked at such instance, so that with certainty clean work may be delivered at all times, 00371 Nt hence goes without saying that the 3D printer according 10 the present invention is provided with a controller controlling pressure and temperature m conjunclion, Le. 48 a
200 function of the local nature of the work piece to be printed, and that different paris of a work piece may be printed with different speed, volume of flow and/or temperature of delivery.
9e 100381 Clauses
1. Method for application to a 3D printer, in which the heater block is included in the print head 11 a manner surrounded by a standing vohane of air,
2. 3D Printer, in particular according te the preceding claim, in which a volume of standing air surrounding the heater block is provided by way of a heat sink included in the print head circumferentially to the heater block,
3. Printer according to any of the preceding claims in which the heat sink is produced in an aluminom material.
4, Printer according to any of the preceding claims, in which the heater block is produced in alumina.
S. Printer according to the preceding claim, in which the at least part of the inner wall of anyone of the chamber sections is provided with a diamond, in particular nano- diamond coating.
6 Printer according to any of the preceding claims, in which the heater block is provided in a two part form comprising of a circumferential outer block part provided with receptacles for electric heater elements, and a central inner part provided with said first and second section receiving chambers.
7. Printer according to the preceding claim, in which the central portion is screwed into the outer portion, the portions thereto being provided with inner and outer screw thread respectively, &. 3D printer, in accordance with any of the preceding claims, in particular for a 3D printing based manufacturing system in which a filament of printing material is driven into a printer head, in which the filament is driven into a printer head so as to be expelled therefrom in molten form, the printer comprising driving the filament into a heater block, receiving and heating the filament in a first receiving section of the heater block, included as a common chamber for receiving filament and filament material, and subsequently dividing the filament material within a second, further filament receiving section of the heater block into separate streams of material.
9. Printer in accordance with the preceding claim, in which the inner wall of the first receiving section is provided with grooves spiraling towards the lower end of the section.
“10 14 Printer in accordance with the preceding claim, in which the grooves each spiral towards an opening in the second receiving section for realising sald separate streams, ii. Printer in accordance with any of the preceding claims tn which, in a further step the heated material is ard expelled from the heater block via a printer nozzle, receiving 3 said separate streams and recombining the same for at least in part, the nozze thereby maintained in intimate thermal contact with said heater block.
12. Printer in accordance with the preceding cia, In which the nozzle is provided for adhering to the heater block via screw thread provided to the outer side, 1e. crcumference of an end part of the heater block.
1 13 Printer in accordance with the preceding claim, in which tightening of the nozzle to the beater block canses an end face of the heater block lo intimately contact an at least largely corresponding, opposing face provided within the nozzle, id. Printer in accordance with any of the preceding claim, in which the heater block is thermally separated from g feeder element by means of a connection between feeder element and heating block centrally comprising a thermally isolating separator or distance member through which the filament is fed, is. Printer in accordance with any of the preceding claims, in which the thermally separated connection between feeder element and heating Mock comprises radially outward disposed screws, firmly connecting the feeder element to the heater block.
16 Printer according to the preceding claim, in which three, regularly distributed screws are disposed for said firm connection, preferably the screws incorporated in & flange-like part for the feeder element,
17. Printer according to any of the proosding claims in which an upper wall part of the heat sink forms a flange part io the feeding element.
14 Printer according to any of the preceding claims in which the feeder cloment is centrally screwed Into an opper or lower wall part of the circwnforential heat sink, 19, Printer according to the preceding claim in which the feeder element is formed by a mainly tubular or prismatic part, abutting to the thermally isolating distance member by a distal end face.
39 20 Printer according to any of the precoding claims, in which the feeder clement is further secured in the print head by way of a counter acting nut screwed to the outer side of the tubular part and abutting the flange like part to which the feeder clement is scoured, e.g. by the part being screwed into the Hange lke part via an inner screw thread thereof.
-11- 20, Werkwijze volgens de voorgaande conclusie, waarbij het centrale gedeelte in het buitenste gedeelte is geschroefd, waarbij de delen daartoe zijn voorzien van respectievelijk binnenste en buitenste schroefdraad.
21. Werkwijze volgens hetwelk één der voorgaande conclusies, waarbij het 3 verwarmingsblok is voorzien van ten minste cen warmtesensor,
22. Werkwijze volgens én der voorgaande conclusies, waarbij het 3D prinisysieem is voorzien van een druksensor voor het direct of indirect waarnemen van toevoerdeuk van het filament, 23, Werkwijze volgens één der voorgaande conclusies, waarbij ven ontvangende 19 kamer of deel daarvan is voorzien van een druksensor,
24. Printerkop gespecificeerd met cen of meer van de werkwijzestappen en printkopelementen zoals in één der voorgaande conclusies is gespecificeerd.
25. Printer volgens de voorgaande conclusie voorzien van een regelaar voor het regelen van de druk en temperatuur in samenhang met, dat wil zeggen afhankelijk van de lokale aard van het af te drukken werkstuk.
26. Printer volgens een der voorgaande conclusies printer, waarin verschillende delen van een werkstuk kunnen worden afgedruk! met verschillende snelheden, doorstroomhoeveelheid en/of temperatuur van aflevering.
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