NL1041772B1 - Kinematic separator with adjustable amplitude for industrial waste. - Google Patents

Kinematic separator with adjustable amplitude for industrial waste. Download PDF

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Publication number
NL1041772B1
NL1041772B1 NL1041772A NL1041772A NL1041772B1 NL 1041772 B1 NL1041772 B1 NL 1041772B1 NL 1041772 A NL1041772 A NL 1041772A NL 1041772 A NL1041772 A NL 1041772A NL 1041772 B1 NL1041772 B1 NL 1041772B1
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NL
Netherlands
Prior art keywords
separator according
ballistic separator
tables
shaking
material mixture
Prior art date
Application number
NL1041772A
Other languages
Dutch (nl)
Inventor
Hermannus Johannes Maria Legtenberg Ir
Original Assignee
Legtenberg Dev B V
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Legtenberg Dev B V filed Critical Legtenberg Dev B V
Priority to NL1041772A priority Critical patent/NL1041772B1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2017/056449 priority patent/WO2017162541A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of NL1041772B1 publication Critical patent/NL1041772B1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/10—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects
    • B07B13/11—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects involving travel of particles over surfaces which separate by centrifugal force or by relative friction between particles and such surfaces, e.g. helical sorters
    • B07B13/113—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects involving travel of particles over surfaces which separate by centrifugal force or by relative friction between particles and such surfaces, e.g. helical sorters shaking tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/003—Separation of articles by differences in their geometrical form or by difference in their physical properties, e.g. elasticity, compressibility, hardness

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  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Abstract

The Kinematic separator is a ballistic separator for separating industrial waste in 2 or 3 different fractions. This separator has a kinematic mechanism, containing swing tables and rods, that can simply be adjusted in process or before the separation process to optimize the table's relative and absolute movements, which means the size and direction of the amplitudes of the swing tables. A sharper angle between tables and rods creates more vertical amplitude and acceleration of the material, which results in more aggressive sorting. A lower angle between tables and rods creates more in line/horizontal amplitude and acceleration ofthe material, which results in higher capacity and throughput. Adjusting the angle of the adjustment frame and speed of the drive motor adds additional possibilities to optimize the required separation levels and capacity.

Description

Kinematic separator with adjustable amplitude for industrial waste
The present invention relates to a ballistic waste separator with a kinematic mechanism according to the preamble of appended Claim 1. The separator includes 2 adjustable inclining swing tables (2), with both at least 2 screen elements. (3). The Material mix (9) which is to be separated is released onto the screen elements (3). These execute a swinging movement, with an amplitude, angle and at a speed which result in hard material bouncing on the elements (3) and being discharged at the lower end (10) while soft and flexible material which does not bounce against the screen elements (3) migrate upward and is discharged at the upper end (12). The swing tables are connected with kinematic drive rods (6) via eccentric plates (7) to the drive motor (8) in anti-phase. The swing tables are hinged via kinematic swing rods (4) to an adjustable frame (5) in the form of a parallelogram, creating a parallel movement of the swing tables (2) to the adjustable frame (5). The adjustable frame (5) has up to 3 directions of adjusting, vertical, horizontal and angled, and is connected to the separator housing (1). By adjusting this frame (5), the relative and absolute amplitudes of and between the two swing tables (2) can be adjusted. This adjusting can be done in process, to determine the optimal setting for the specific material mix and required output, or before starting the separation process. A more aggressive movement, created by more vertical amplitude (15) and acceleration, results in a higher separation level of the material; a more horizontal movement results in a higher capacity and throughput. Adjusting the angle of the swing tables and speed of the drive motor adds additional possibilities to optimize the required separation levels and capacity.
It is previously known in the art to employ so-called ballistic separators to divide up the material mix into two or more fractions depending upon the properties and/or size of the various components with fixed amplitudes of rotational movement, created by eccentric or crankshaft drive mechanisms below a shaking table.
The principle of ballistic separators is that the material mix which is to be separated is released down onto a sloping shaking table. The shaking table with a number of screen elements is then caused to execute rotational movements of the screen elements with an amplitude and at a speed which result in hard matter bouncing on the shaker table and being discharged at the lower end, while soft and flexible material which does not bounce against the shaking table migrates upwards and is discharged from its upper end. It is also possible to separate additional fractions by providing the shaker table with a large number of apertures through which fragments of small size are allowed to fall. By providing apertures of different dimensions, where the smallest dimension is at the inlet, a separation of the fraction which falls out through the apertures may also be achieved.
According to EP 0870550, EP 1832352 US005611435, and SE402409, ballistic separators have technically different solutions for the eccentric mechanism, which results in a rotational movement of the material. The eccentric mechanisms have fixed eccentric amplitudes and cannot be adjusted. Only motor speed, inclining angle of the shaker table and in some cases the size of the apertures can be varied. Therefore, for a wide range of waste materials, only suboptimal separation efficiencies and separation capacities can be achieved.
One object of the present invention is, therefore, to obviate the problem inherent of the eccentric mechanisms. One solution of this problem is stated by the features of Claim 1. One of the characterizing features of the present invention is that the 2 swing tables have swing movements with higher acceleration forces on the material, and that the amplitudes of these swing tables can be adjusted (even in process) to obtain the optimal separation level at an optimal capacity.
Expedient embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in the appended sub claims.
The present invention will now be described in greater detail herein below with reference to the accompanying figures, in which:
In the embodiment shown in the figures, the apparatus has six parallel screen elements (3) which together form 2 swing tables (2), see figure 1. Each 3 screen elements are fixed together to form one swing table. The 2 swing tables (2) are parallel with the direction of flow of the soft material, and are hinged via swing rods (4), 4 swing rods (4) for each swing table (2). The swing rods (4) are hinged to an adjustment frame (5), which is connected to the separator housing (1) via adjustment mechanisms (21 and 22). The adjustment frame can be secured to the separator housing to prevent unnecessary shaking of the adjustment frame during processing waste material. Each swing table (2) is driven by a drive rod (6), which are in somewhat longitudinal direction of the swing tables at either the rear (13) or front (14) of the separator housing (1). The drive rods (6) are connected via motor eccentric plates (7) to a drive motor in anti-phase, for maximizing the relative amplitudes between the screen elements and to balance the two moving subassemblies, consisting of motor eccentric plates (7), drive rods (6), swing tables (2) including screen elements (3) and swing rods (4).
The swing tables (2) have three different outlets for different material fractions. An outlet at the upper end or front side (12), an outlet at the lower end or rear side (10) and an outlet (11) disposed beneath the swing tables. The screen elements (3) display a large number of apertures between the cleats (19) in order to allow the passage of material of relatively small size to the outlet (11) disposed beneath the swing table. In certain embodiments, the apertures are smaller at the inlet, in which event this fraction is divided up further. Such relatively small-sized material may, in industrial and residual waste, consist of various pollutant such as crushed material, fine paper, broken glass, small organic material etc.
Due to the anti-phase operation of the 2 swing tables, the material on the swing table will also have movement impulses which are transverse in relation to the normal direction of movement. This assists in agitating the material and reducing the risk that the material "floats above" other material. For example, there is a risk that hard material lands on and remains lying above, for example, a corrugated fiber board panel. The mutual movement between adjacent screen elements gives the major agitation movements. Side skirts (20) on the side of each swing table (2) prevent the material to bounce or slide sideways of the screen elements, and also prevent to get stuck around the swing rods (4) and its bearings.
During or before processing material, the separator can be adjusted to have the optimal output and capacity. The swing tables (2) must have an incline slope which can be set by the adjustment (21), in combination with the other adjustments.
When shortening the horizontal distance (17), the swing rods (4) will get a more horizontal setting and angle 18 will become smaller. See figure 3. This results in a more vertical amplitude (15) of the screen elements and also a larger vertical relative and or absolute amplitude between the swing tables (15), thus throwing up the material more aggressive. This results in a higher separation level and efficiency. Hard material bounces more on the screen elements (3), and fines can find a free path between the larger materials to reach the apertures to fall into the fines output collector (11). During this adjustment, the height adjustment (21 and 22) must be set in such a manner, that all the moving elements can make their movement without running into physical limitations, and that the optimal angles and amplitudes are achieved.
When enlarging the horizontal distance (17), the swing rods (4) will get a more vertical setting (or more precise: more rectangular to the screen elements) and angle 18 will become larger. See figure 2. This results in a more horizontal/in line amplitude of the screen elements and also a larger horizontal/in line relative and absolute amplitude between the swing tables (2), thus throwing the material more forward. This results in a higher transport speed, thus in a higher capacity. During this adjustment, the height adjustment (21 and 22) must be set in such a manner, that all the moving elements can make their movement without running into physical limitations, and that the optimal angles and amplitudes are achieved.
By changing the motor speed, material accelerations can be varied, thus changing the kinetic energy of the materials, in order to further optimize the separation output and capacities. Additional, the length of the motor eccentric plates (7) can also be changed, to change the maximum amplitudes for, par example, processing other types of material.
After achieving the optimal processing conditions, the setting can be frozen by securing fixture's between adjustment frame and housing.
To extend the use of this separator, the swing tables can be designed with different number of swing elements (3), with 2 incline slopes instead of 1 (resulting in swing tables with an angle in longitudinal direction), different sizes of apertures and special wear protection features at the impact zone where the input material falls on the swing tables. Even the anti-phase position of the motor eccentric plates (7) can be changed, if required for less aggressive relative movement between the screen elements (3). Hard material, such as plastic bottles, brick, wood, metal, etc. included in the waste will bounce on the inclining swing tables. As a result of the movement of the swing tables, the hard material will bounce in a direction towards the lower end (10). By adjusting the inclination and setting (21 and 22) of the adjustment frame, the direction of bounce can be adjusted as required. The hard material will, in average, after each bounce move backward to the lower end (10), and will fall after bouncing back over the edge of the swing tables to be discharged out of the separator back opening (10).
Soft and flexible material such as paper, cardboard, plastic film etc. which fall down on to the screen elements of the swing tables will, in principle, not bounce. When the screen element on which the soft material rests swing backward, these swing elements move under the soft material, so that the material is placed in a more relative forward position on the screen elements. This will be repeated until the soft and flexible material falls over the front side of the screen elements into the separator front opening (12).
The third fraction, which consists of crushed material like glass fractions, small paper, organic matter, etc. and which is of such size that it falls through the apertures between the cleats (19) provided in each respective screen element (3), is discharged via the outlet (11) disposed beneath the swing tables. As a result of the swing movement of the screen elements, this fraction will be displaced until it falls down through an aperture. The size of the apertures can be changed between 50 and 300 mm but may be made larger. The size of the apertures is selected in response to the type of material which is to be screened off via the outlet (11). As was mentioned above, the apertures are of different sizes at different parts of the screen elements in a number of embodiments, a further screening taking place based on aperture size.
While six screen elements are shown on the drawings, a person skilled in the art will readily perceive that other embodiments may be made of more or less screen elements (3).
The waste separator has principally been designed to be employed as a plastic bottle and paper separator, but it is self-evident that it may be employed for many different material separation operations. For example for cardboard, demolition material, industrial waste, organic waste and commercial waste.

Claims (17)

1. Ballistische scheider omvattende een frame en een kinematisch mechanisme, dat ten minste twee schudtafels met ten minste twee zeefelementen omvat, met het kenmerk, dat elke de schudtafel beweegbaar aan het frame is verbonden door middel van ten minste twee zwenkarmen.Ballistic separator comprising a frame and a kinematic mechanism, comprising at least two shaking tables with at least two screening elements, characterized in that each shaking table is movably connected to the frame by means of at least two pivot arms. 2. Ballistische scheider volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, met het kenmerk, dat de hoek tussen elke schudtafel en de daarmee verbonden zwenkarmen instelbaar is.Ballistic separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle between each shaking table and the pivot arms connected thereto is adjustable. 3. Ballistische scheider volgens conclusie 1, met het kenmerk, dat elke schudtafel door middel van de zwenkarmen verbonden is met een in horizontale en/of in verticale richting instelbaar deel van het frame.Ballistic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that each shaking table is connected by means of the pivot arms to a part of the frame which is adjustable in horizontal and / or in vertical direction. 4. Ballistische scheider volgens één der voorgaande conclusies, met het kenmerk, dat de schudtafels door middel van de zwenkarmen aan een hoger gelegen deel van het frame opgehangen zijn.Ballistic separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaking tables are suspended from a higher part of the frame by means of the pivot arms. 5. Ballistische scheider volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, met het kenmerk, dat de schudtafels en de zwenkarmen in een ten minste deels afgesloten behuizing zijn geplaatst.Ballistic separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaking tables and the pivot arms are placed in an at least partially sealed housing. 6. Ballistische scheider volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, met het kenmerk, dat elke schudtafel door middel van ten minste één aandrijfslang verbonden is met een krukmechanisme van een aandrijfmotor.Ballistic separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each shaking table is connected by means of at least one drive hose to a crank mechanism of a drive motor. 7. Ballistische scheider volgens conclusie 6, met het kenmerk, dat de aandrij fs tangen van verschillende schudtafels op tegenover elkaar gelegen posities met het krukmechanisme zijn verbonden.Ballistic separator according to claim 6, characterized in that the drive tongs of different shaking tables are connected to the crank mechanism at opposite positions. 8. Ballistische scheider volgens conclusie 6 of 7, met het kenmerk, dat de aandrijfmotor in het verlengde van schudtafels is opgesteld.Ballistic separator according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the drive motor is arranged in line with shaking tables. 9. Ballistische scheider volgens een der conclusies 6-8, met het kenmerk, dat de krukmechanismen en de aandrijfs tangen verwisselbaar zijn.Ballistic separator according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the crank mechanisms and the drive tongs are interchangeable. 10. Ballistische schelder volgens een der conclusies 6-9, met het kenmerk, dat de aandrijfmotor een veranderbaar toerental heeft.A ballistic screener according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that the drive motor has a variable speed. 11. Ballistische scheider volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, met het kenmerk, dat de zeefelementen zijn voorzien van een aantal meenemers voor het meevoeren van materiaal.Ballistic separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the screen elements are provided with a number of carriers for carrying material. 12. Ballistische scheider volgens conclusie 11, met het kenmerk, dat de ruimtes tussen de meenemers op de zeefelementen in grootte instelbaar zijn.Ballistic separator according to claim 11, characterized in that the spaces between the carriers on the screen elements are adjustable in size. 13. Werkwijze voor het scheiden van een materiaalmengsel, met behulp van een ballistische scheider volgens conclusie 1, omvattende de volgende stappen: a. het storten van een te scheiden materiaalmengsel op de zeefelementen van de schudtafels; b. het doen schudden van de schudtafels waardoor het materiaalmengsel in langsrichting van de schudtafels verplaatst wordt; c. het op vangen van gescheiden eerste en tweede materiaalfracties aan een voorzijde, respectievelijk een achterzijde van de schudtafels, beschouwd in de verplaatsingsrichting van het materiaalmengsel.A method for separating a material mixture, using a ballistic separator according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: a. Pouring a material mixture to be separated onto the screen elements of the shaking tables; b. shaking the shaking tables whereby the material mixture is displaced longitudinally of the shaking tables; c. collecting separated first and second material fractions on a front side and a rear side respectively of the shaking tables, viewed in the direction of movement of the material mixture. 14. Werkwijze voor het scheiden van een materiaalmengsel volgens conclusie 13, met het kenmerk, dat onder de schudtafels een derde materiaalfractie opgevangen wordt dat door de zeefelementen is gevallen.14. Method for separating a material mixture according to claim 13, characterized in that a third material fraction is collected under the shaking tables and has fallen through the sieve elements. 15. Werkwijze voor het scheiden van een materiaalmengsel volgens conclusie 13 of 14 met behulp van een ballistische scheider volgens conclusie 2, met het kenmerk, dat voor het scheiden van het materiaalmengsel de hoek tussen elke schudtafel en de daarmee verbonden zwenkarmen wordt ingesteld waardoor de capaciteit en de scheidingsefficiëntie wordt ingesteld.Method for separating a material mixture according to claim 13 or 14 with the aid of a ballistic separator according to claim 2, characterized in that for separating the material mixture the angle between each shaking table and the pivoting arms connected thereto is adjusted, so that the capacity and the separation efficiency is set. 16. Werkwijze voor het scheiden van een materiaalmengsel volgens één der conclusies 13-15, met behulp van een ballistische scheider volgens conclusie 2, met het kenmerk, dat tijdens het scheiden van de materiaalmix de hoek tussen elke schudtafel en de daarmee verbonden zwenkarmen wordt ingesteld waardoor de capaciteit en de scheidingsefficiëntie wordt ingesteld.Method for separating a material mixture according to one of claims 13-15, with the aid of a ballistic separator according to claim 2, characterized in that during the separation of the material mix the angle between each shaking table and the pivot arms connected thereto is adjusted which sets the capacity and separation efficiency. 17. Werkwijze voor het scheiden van een materiaalmengsel volgens conclusie 15 of 16 met behulp van een ballistische scheider volgens conclusie 3, met het kenmerk, dat de hoek tussen elke schudtafel en de daarmee verbonden zwenkarmen wordt ingesteld door het in horizontale en/of in verticale richting instellen van het instelbare deel van het frame.17. Method for separating a material mixture according to claim 15 or 16 with the aid of a ballistic separator according to claim 3, characterized in that the angle between each shaking table and the pivot arms connected thereto is adjusted by adjusting it in horizontal and / or in vertical direction of the adjustable part of the frame.
NL1041772A 2016-03-21 2016-03-21 Kinematic separator with adjustable amplitude for industrial waste. NL1041772B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1041772A NL1041772B1 (en) 2016-03-21 2016-03-21 Kinematic separator with adjustable amplitude for industrial waste.
PCT/EP2017/056449 WO2017162541A1 (en) 2016-03-21 2017-03-17 Kinematic separator with adjustable amplitude for industrial waste

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1041772A NL1041772B1 (en) 2016-03-21 2016-03-21 Kinematic separator with adjustable amplitude for industrial waste.

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US10639677B1 (en) * 2019-03-05 2020-05-05 Cp Manufacturing, Inc. Amplified ballistic separator for separating material
CN111906015A (en) * 2020-08-06 2020-11-10 惠州市合生金属制品有限公司 Button autofilter device for tailoring
CN111962321A (en) * 2020-08-27 2020-11-20 烟台大为环保科技有限公司 Papermaking solid waste washing system and washing method thereof
CN112295913B (en) * 2020-10-30 2024-06-21 齐齐哈尔通联机械制造有限责任公司 Small agricultural bean screening machine
CN112934677B (en) * 2021-02-23 2023-04-14 郑州信息科技职业学院 Powder material transmission oscillating separator

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GB191220406A (en) * 1912-09-07 1913-07-24 John Lawson Lawson Improvements in and relating to Separators.
SE402409B (en) * 1977-01-28 1978-07-03 Sellbergs Ab METHODS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR DIVIDING A MIXTURE OF PIECES OF MATERIALS OR FRAGMENTS OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS AND SIZES IN TWO OR SEVERAL FRACTIONS
FR2640165A1 (en) * 1988-12-08 1990-06-15 Meirotti Jean Pierre Method and apparatus for separating the compounds of a mixture by density and by particle shape
US5427253A (en) * 1994-06-20 1995-06-27 Koehler; Thomas V. Taconite pellet separator
WO2002094445A1 (en) * 2001-05-18 2002-11-28 Horstmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Separating device for sorting a mixture of materials
US20050035035A1 (en) * 2003-08-01 2005-02-17 Reding Gary T. Food-stuff physical characteristic sorting apparatus and method
DE202014005409U1 (en) * 2014-06-17 2015-09-21 Doppstadt Familienholding Gmbh Separator, in particular ballistic separator

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US5611435A (en) 1993-03-12 1997-03-18 Technisches Buro Ing. Reinhard Goschl Apparatus for sorting constituents of a mixture
SE513451C2 (en) 1997-04-07 2000-09-18 Wmi Sellbergs Ab Ballistic waste separator with two or more crankshaft arrangements
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Patent Citations (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191220406A (en) * 1912-09-07 1913-07-24 John Lawson Lawson Improvements in and relating to Separators.
SE402409B (en) * 1977-01-28 1978-07-03 Sellbergs Ab METHODS AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR DIVIDING A MIXTURE OF PIECES OF MATERIALS OR FRAGMENTS OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS AND SIZES IN TWO OR SEVERAL FRACTIONS
US4317714A (en) * 1977-01-28 1982-03-02 Az Sellbergs Ab Method and apparatus for dividing a mixture of pieces or fragments of different materials and having different sizes into two or more fractions
FR2640165A1 (en) * 1988-12-08 1990-06-15 Meirotti Jean Pierre Method and apparatus for separating the compounds of a mixture by density and by particle shape
US5427253A (en) * 1994-06-20 1995-06-27 Koehler; Thomas V. Taconite pellet separator
WO2002094445A1 (en) * 2001-05-18 2002-11-28 Horstmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Separating device for sorting a mixture of materials
US20050035035A1 (en) * 2003-08-01 2005-02-17 Reding Gary T. Food-stuff physical characteristic sorting apparatus and method
DE202014005409U1 (en) * 2014-06-17 2015-09-21 Doppstadt Familienholding Gmbh Separator, in particular ballistic separator

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