MXPA99004252A - Hidraul elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hydraulic elevator, comprising: a cabin having a floor, at least one door, a guide rail, the cabin is arranged to be mounted along the guide rail for the cabin to be guided to along its climb travel, a hydraulic jack having a cylinder and at least one piston that is telescopically extensible from the cylinder, the jack is fixed in position at one end, and means for securing the cylinder to the cab floor for that the cabin moves with the cylinder in its direction of travel, the floor of the cabin has an opening in it through which the telescopic jack is projected in the cabi

Description

HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR DESCRIPTION The invention relates to a hydraulic elevator according to the general concept of claim 1. This type of lifts are already known. Depending on how ~ x the cage is attached to the hydraulic lift, they can be distributed in three different construction modes: In a commonly used arrangement, the elevator car rests on a platform at the front end of the elevator. However, this configuration has the disadvantage of the large space required by the retracted elevator. In addition to this arrangement of the elevator under the cabin of the In the case of an elevator, there is the so-called backpack arrangement, in which the elevator extends behind the cabin and grabs the upper part of a frame supporting the elevator car. In this arrangement, the fixing point is predetermined by the prescribed height of the upper part of the frame. In As a consequence, and depending on the type of elevator car and the mounting height specified for the upper part of the frame, an elevator with a cylinder having the corresponding length is required. In some cases, a further extension of the cylinder is used or a cylinder with an oversize in length is chosen in order to meet the mounting conditions. Finally, the third mode of construction has been disclosed in the German document DE-OS 2062161. In it, a supporting frame together with the cage constitutes a constructive unit which, preassembled, is only to be installed in a place of job. Two side guiding elements are attached to the supporting frame at the upper end by a crossbar. The crossbar has two telescopic lifts, and on them the cage. The elevators are housed together with the guide elements in recesses in the opposite walls of the cabin. The pistons of the elevators are fixedly attached to the crossbar and the lower end of the cylinders is screwed to lateral projections of the bottom of the cage. Since the piston is fixed to the crossbar, when the pressure is applied the cylinder rises and with it the cage to which it is fixed. Although this hydraulic elevator drive avoids cavities under the bottom of the floor and a greater height of bypass at the upper end of the lift path, it has the disadvantage of being suitable only for elevator installations with a small lift path. Hydraulic elevators are also particularly expensive, the cylinders of which necessarily have to correspond, at least, to the length of the planned lifting stroke. The invention is based on the technical problem of presenting a hydraulic installation of elevators whose construction is simple and requires a small installation expense, regardless of the length of the elevation path to be made. The solution of the problem is achieved, according to the invention, by means of a hydraulic elevator with the characteristics indicated in claim 1. The essence of the invention consists in that the hydraulic elevator penetrates through the bottom of the elevator car in the latter, being the elevator and the elevator car joined together at the bottom of it. Thus, the retracted elevator can, depending on its length, which depends on the elevation travel, penetrate into the elevator car or protrude from it. In this way, lifts with a longer compression length and consequently an additional lifting path can be used, but instead can be chosen for applications with a lower lift path hydraulic lifts with cylinders of less length than necessary to date for the attachment to the elevator cabin. Therefore, it is now possible to choose an elevator that is independent of the mounting length, and it is possible to do without the cylinder extensions up to the necessary date and, thanks to it, save costs. The subclaims have for their object improvements and advantageous embodiments of the characteristics of the hydraulic elevator according to the invention indicated in claim 1. If the elevator extends in the area of the front wall of the elevator car through the latter, which is already covered by the open doors, the interior space of the elevator car is reduced almost imperceptibly. Another advantage of this arrangement consists in the. local proximity of this resulting to the edges of the elevator car. These areas with a high structural rigidity are particularly suitable for the application of the accommodating forces of the fixing device in the structure of the elevator car. To transmit these forces to the largest possible area of the cab structure, the fastening device comprises a support plate, essentially arranged at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder and fixed in position to the cylinder in the lifting direction . In order to achieve an advantageous application of the force, the elevator car rests, as it were, on the flat support plate, simple fastening elements being sufficient for fastening. The support plate can be assembled and fixed to the cylinder in a particularly simple manner, if it is provided with a central recess corresponding approximately to the cross-sectional area of the cylinder, so that it is only to be placed by sliding on it. In order to place the support plate exactly perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder, the guiding means are very useful. These can be configured approximately in the form of a tube which, on the one hand, is arranged coaxially to the recess and is connected frontally to the support plate and, on the other hand, is placed by sliding on the cylinder, adjusted to its diameter. An inexpensive and equally inexpensive embodiment of the support plate consists of a welded construction, in which semi-finished products already available can be used and in which the necessary rigidity is achieved by means of elements, which reinforce their structure, in the form of ribs placed on the side of the plate facing away from the elevator car. In a further development of the invention, which is especially preferred for hydraulic elevators with large lifting paths, an elevator with two or more pistons, telescopic expandable, is provided from a cylinder which is equipped with a known mechanical synchronization device which, in each lifting position, force partial travels distributed evenly between consecutive telescopic parts. Together with the telescopic lifter, first free ends of connecting means of the synchronization device have also been led through the recess of the bottom of the elevator car into the interior of the latter and fixed at the appropriate height. In this embodiment, the usual housing or fixing points on the walls of the box are dispensed with. Finally, an embodiment of the invention completely dispenses with such fixing points for the connecting means of the synchronization device, where all the free ends of the connecting elements pass through the elevator car, to the extreme. of the elevation travel, a crossbar being fixed there. The crossbar connects two guide rails of the elevator car arranged laterally with respect to the telescopic elevator. This embodiment of the multi-storey elevator is also concentrated in a constructive unit, which is supplied pre-assembled and does not need more than to be installed. Especially compact is another embodiment with synchronization device and special arrangement of the sprockets or cable pulleys corresponding to said device, on which the means of attachment move. In it, it is provided that the axes of said wheels or pulleys each form an acute angle, seen in the horizontal plane, with the imaginary joining line between the two lateral guide rails. With this measurement and a corresponding guide of the connecting means, it is possible to reduce notably the distance between its first free ends, led upwards through the elevator car and the telescopic elevator, and, thus, to provide smaller dimensions of the notch from the bottom of the elevator car and the entire passage channel.

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail on the basis of an example and with reference to the attached drawings. These show: - Figure 1. A perspective view of an elevator installation with a telescopic elevator with synchronization device. Figure 2. A detail of the telescopic elevator of the elevator installation of figure 1. - Figure 3. View in section, in the plane III-III of figure 2, of the arrangement of the sprockets or cable pulleys. In figure 1 is represented an elevator installation with a self-supporting elevator car 1. A telescopic door 2 is installed on the front side of the elevator car 1, which can be displaced or retracted laterally in the direction of the arrow by means of the door drive 3 located on it and with corresponding activation. 4 or in the opposite direction 4. The elevator car 1 is suspended between two guide rails 5, 6, arranged on opposite sides and fixedly attached to the building (not shown), and moves in its longitudinal direction with the help of a telescopic elevator 9 along the elevation path. The telescopic lifter consists essentially of a cylinder 10, an intermediate piston 11 and a final piston 12, the intermediate piston 11 and the final piston 12 being able to extend telescopically from the cylinder 10. In the case of the telescopic lifter 9 it concerns a so-called telescopic synchronization elevator, equipped with a synchronization device which, in each lifting position, forces partial paths evenly distributed between consecutive telescopic parts 10, 11, 12, as described in more detail below, in relation to figure 2. The telescopic lifter 9 is housed with the front end of the final piston 12 in the bottom of the box 7, by means of an elevator console 13 and extends essentially parallel to the guide rails 5, 6. Its cylinder 10 extends through the area of the door 2 through the front part of the elevator car 1 and, depending on the necessary length, protrudes freely and unhindered an arbitrary length of said cabin. The elevator car 1 rests on the bottom side 14 of its base 14 on the support plate 15 and is bolted thereto by means of screws 16. In addition, an insulating material can be inserted between the support plate 15 and the base of the car. dampen the propagation of vibrations to the latter. The screws 16 with self-centering head and torsion protection are particularly advantageous. The centering of the head of the screw 16 prevents any possible play in the plug holes from being tightened, whereby the telescopic lifter 9 is automatically oriented in relation to the cage 1 and the guide rails 5, 6. The support plate 15 welds the cylinder 10, at the end facing the bottom of the box 7, or is fixedly attached to it in any other appropriate way. The fixing height of the support plate 15 depends on the depth of the expected overhang or the depth of the box, the lifting speed of the elevator and the number of stages of the telescopic piston 12, 11, etc. As shown in FIG. 2, the support plate 15 is configured in the form of a welded construction, with a rectangular plate 21 provided at its center with a circular opening (not shown) whose diameter corresponds to the diameter 20 of the cylinder. On the underside of the plate 21, a pipe 18, which serves as a guide for orienting the support plate 15 perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis 17 of the cylinder, is welded frontally, coaxially with the opening. The support plate 15 also has ribs 19, oriented towards the tube 18, which reinforce the plate 21. Figure 2 shows a detail of the telescopic synchronization elevator 9 with the aforementioned synchronization device which, in the exemplary embodiment represented, joins the telescopic parts together, namely the cylinder 10, the intermediate piston 11 and the final piston 12, by means of two so-called suspension devices 2: 1. The two suspension devices are identical, but are installed on different sides of the telescopic lift 9. Each of the suspension devices consists of a cable 22 (or a similar chain), having a first end 23 fixed to the sleeve 24 of the cylinder 10 and passing through a pulley 25, undergoes a reversal of 180 ° and, according to the invention, is conducted in an essentially vertical direction through the bottom 14 of the elevator car 1 and, from the latter, to a cross member 27 located at the upper end of the lifting path, where it is fixed by its second end 35. The cross member 27 is configured, example, as a beam in L, and establishes a firm connection between the guide rails 5, 6. Due to the connection by means of the cable 22, the intermediate piston 11 can extend in each given elevation path of the cylinder 10, only to the extent of half of said travel of elevation. Accordingly, the partial paths between the consecutive telescopic pieces 10, 11, 12 are the same in all elevation positions. The fixing of the second ends 35, 35a of the cables to the cross member 27 represents a simplification with respect to the already existing methods. As can be seen in figure 3, the pulleys 25 and 25a, arranged opposite each other in the sleeve 28 of the intermediate piston 11, do not have axes of extension rotation, but their axes 26, 26a an acute angle 32, in the horizontal plane, with an imaginary joining line 31 between the two lateral guide rails 5, 6. By means of this arrangement of the pulleys 25, 25a, it is possible to bring the cable ends that extend through the elevator car 1 closer to the cross member 27 along the telescopic elevator, and thus save construction space. The features described above on the basis of a telescopic elevator 9 of two stages, can be translated correspondingly to telescopic elevators of several stages.

Claims (9)

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N S

1. Hydraulic lift with a cabin, at least, in each case, a door, a guide rail that guides the cabin along its lifting path, a hydraulic lift that has one or more expandable pistons as a telescope from a cylinder and which is fixedly received with one end, the cylinder and the bottom of the cabin being connected by means of a fixing device so that a dragging of the cabin in the lifting direction is possible, characterized in that the telescopic lift enters the cabin at through the bottom of it.

Elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that the telescopic elevator is arranged in the area of the doors.

Elevator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fixing device consists of a support plate, which covers the recess inside the base of the car, is arranged substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder and is fixed in its position to the cylinder in the elevation direction.

4. Elevator according to claim 3, characterized in that guide means are provided for the perpendicular orientation of the support plate with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder. Elevator according to claim 3, characterized in that the support plate is designed as a welded construction. Elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that a telescopic lifter with two or more pistons extending telescope-like from a cylinder having a mechanical synchronization device is provided which, in each lifting position, forces partial paths evenly distributed between consecutive telescopic parts. Elevator according to claim 6, characterized in that the synchronization device comprises connecting means with second ends that are essentially vertically driven through the bottom of the cabin and through the latter, and fixedly fixed at the appropriate height. Elevator according to claims 1 and 7, characterized in that two guide rails are provided, arranged laterally with respect to the telescopic elevator and joined together at the upper end of the elevation path by a crossbar, and because the second ends of the means of union are fixed on the crossbar. Elevator according to claim 8, characterized in that the synchronization device comprises toothed wheels or pulleys, whose axes form an acute angle, in the horizontal plane, with an imaginary joining line between the two lateral guide rails. SUMMARIZES The invention relates to a hydraulic elevator in which a hydraulic piston intervenes directly in the cage. To reduce the cost of the building with this type of elevator, it is proposed that the hydraulic elevator enters the elevator car through the bottom of the latter, the elevator and the cabin being joined to each other at the bottom of the elevator by means of a Support plate fixed to the elevator cylinder. When the elevator is equipped with a mechanical synchronization device, the chain or cable ends fixed to date to the building, are now led through the cage in an upward direction to a crossbar and are fixed on it. (Fig. 1)