MXPA97008307A

MXPA97008307A - Lim synthesis gas

Info

Publication number: MXPA97008307A
Application number: MXPA/A/1997/008307A
Authority: MX
Inventors: H Kiss Gunter
Original assignee: Thermoselect Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 1996-10-29
Filing date: 1997-10-28
Publication date: 1998-11-16

Abstract

A method is described for the total use of emission-free material from a clean synthesis gas obtained during recycling or high-temperature reuse of waste of all kinds, a method in which the clean synthesis gas is continuously converted into a catalytic process in carbon dioxide hydrogen, at least partially

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE OWENCiqN All known processes for the disposal of waste are characterized by the fact that emissions are produced in gaseous form and because the residual materials remain to be discharged. In DE 41 30 416 Cl, a process for waste utilization is described in which, in comparison with all known processes used in industrial production, it has substantial ecological, economic and technical advantages. The resulting granulated material is absolutely inert; The iron metal alloy can be used metallurgically. In claim 11 of this method it is proposed that the purified synthesis gas could be used thermally or as energy; By doing this, harmful substances, caused by the combustion process, are inevitably produced, which can damage the atmosphere at least partially. The heavy metals contained in the synthesis gas and the chlorine and fluorine compounds are separated and, among other things, heavy metal sulphide or a hydroxide sludge is produced which must be discharged. REF: 26009 Although this method only produces minimum concentrations of harmful substances which are well below all regulations and standards, and the residual amounts that are going to be discarded are below 1%, measured against the input , this method is also not free of emissions nor is it free of waste. The objective underlying the present invention is to develop a method in which the synthesis gas is used completely as a substance and emissions are not produced. The object is obtained according to the invention by the characteristics indicated in the characterizing part of claim 1. Advantageously, further developments and modalities in obtaining this object arise from the secondary claims. According to the invention, it is proposed that the clean synthesis gas, preferably a process stream as described in DE 41 30 416 Cl, be converted at least partially to C02 and hydrogen. It should be particularly emphasized that the remaining residual gases can be charged back into a high temperature reactor, and the process takes place without emissions. The converted components are then placed for some use.

A preferred form of mode provides a clean synthesis gas, consisting essentially of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide to be subjected to steam action in a catalytic process, in order to convert the carbon monoxide contained in the synthesis gas, completely to hydrogen and carbon dioxide (CO + H20 - H2 + C02). The two gaseous components, hydrogen and carbon dioxide, can be separated by generally known methods (such as a pressure swirl absorption plant, for example), and can be used commercially. Carbon dioxide can be condensed, cooled and used as dry ice. Hydrogen can be used as energy and / or as a substance. If hydrogen is used as a general or motor fuel, it is a carrier of energy completely free of emissions, since only water is produced when hydrogen is used as energy, (2H2 + 02 - 2H20). If hydrogen is used instead of fossil fuels, damage to the environment that inevitably results from the use of fossil fuels is eliminated. Since the raw materials, from which fossil fuels are obtained, are limited, these resources can be used in a more sensible way.

In addition, hydrogen can be used in fuel cells as energy to produce power or electrical energy. Compared to conventional power stations, fuel cells not only have a substantially higher degree of efficiency, but also generate electrical power without producing any harmful substance in the process. Hydrogen can be used as a substance in hydrogenation and synthesis processes, for example. In organic hydrogenation, organic molecules that exist under pressure and at defined temperatures are enriched with hydrogen. In inorganic hydrogenation, metal oxides are reduced with hydrogen to metals (For example W03 + 3H2 - W + 3H20). "Ammonia" can be produced in a synthesis process from hydrogen and nitrogen. It should be highlighted in particular that the oxygen necessary for the gasification of the waste is obtained with an air separation plant; Nitrogen is also produced through it which can be used commercially for the synthesis of ammonia. It is particularly advantageous that the air separation plant is already a constituent part of the process.

If hydrogen is going to be used for the manufacture of methanol, then it makes sense to convert the carbon dioxide present in the synthesis gas to hydrogen and carbon by applying water vapor to it, the proportion in which hydrogen and carbon monoxide are present in the synthesis gas in a ratio of 2: 1 (partial conversion). Subsequently, the carbon dioxide is separated by generally known methods, hydrogen and carbon monoxide are sent to synthesis and methanol is produced. By using hydrogen as a substance, raw or untreated chemical materials are obtained which are capable of being stored and transported and which can be used in various ways. It is noted that in relation to this date, the best method known to the applicant to carry out the aforementioned invention, is that which is clear from the present description of the invention. Having described the invention as above, property is claimed as contained in the following:

Claims

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1. A method for the total use of material, free of emissions, of clean synthesis gas obtained during recycling or high-temperature reuse of waste of all types, the method is characterized because: the clean synthesis gas that is obtained is treated or powered with steam in a catalytic process in order to convert the carbon monoxide contained in the synthesis gas at least partially into carbon dioxide and hydrogen, to carry the remaining residual gases back to the high temperature reactor, and then , in a known separation process, such as a "pressure swirl adsorption plant", separating the obtained main product consisting of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, into the hydrogen components and / or carbon oxides and / or carbon dioxide and their use thereof.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the clean synthesis gas obtained in this way is continuously subjected to partial conversion until hydrogen and carbon monoxide reach the necessary volume ratio of 2 to 1 for methanol synthesis; subsequently the carbon dioxide is separated by generally known methods so that, from the remaining mixture of hydrogen-carbon monoxide, methanol can be obtained in a synthesis (2H2 + CO? CH8OH).

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the clean synthesis gas obtained in this way is completely converted into carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and the substances obtained in this way are used separately.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that hydrogen is used, together with the resulting nitrogen resulting from the separation of air in the generation of oxygen during high temperature gasification, for the synthesis of ammonia.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that hydrogen is preferably used as fuel to operate the truck fleet by loading the thermal treatment plant.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that hydrogen is used in fuel cells to generate electrical energy. RESULTS OF THE INVEMPTOM A method is described for the total use of emissions-free material from a clean synthesis gas obtained during recycling or high-temperature reuse of waste of all kinds, a method in which the clean synthesis gas is continuously converted into a catalytic process in carbon dioxide and hydrogen, at least partially.