MXPA97007032A - Vertical multi-load load support for a railway bogie with exter support - Google Patents

Abstract

A constant contact load-bearing assembly for a cross-member of the bogie pivot of the highway and operable against a support of the cross-member of the pivot of the complementary body and diverted to continuously contact the support of the cross-member of the pivot of the body to transfer the loading and weight forces of the highway, in which the assembly has an external element of a first coefficient of friction element, a second or internal element with a second coefficient of friction and greater and diversion means to maintain the element of the cushion of the internal assembly in contact with the mounting of the pivot cross member of the body in a condition of the empty highway to provide control of the body of the highway in the empty state or of the carriage not loaded with the compressible diversion means in a state of the loaded highway to provide contact between the outer pad element and the bearing pad of the pivot of the pivot d the body for transferring the loads and forces of the highway over the range of operating loads between the state of the empty and loaded car for the state of capacit

Description

VERTICAL MULTI-LOAD LOADING SUPPORT FOR A RAILROAD BOGIE WITH EXTERIOR SUPPORT DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Rail bogies generally include a bogie pivot crossmember that couples a pair of side structures at their midpoints and includes wheels, axles, bearings, suspension systems and auxiliary equipment. Freeways usually include bogie mounts at either the end of the highway with the body of the highway mounted on the crossbeams of the bogie pivot on a crossbeam of the body pivot. The highways can be broadly classified into those with central plate assemblies for load transfer and control of the car body and bogie positions, and those with the load supported outside the position of the central plate. Both types of trolleys use lateral support assemblies between the pivot cross member of the trolley body and the cross member of the bogie pivot, however, in the first type of indicated highway, the lateral supports are used to avoid the extreme displacement of the cylinder of the trolley. body of the car, but in the second case, the total weight of the highway and the load is continuously supported by the assembly of the lateral supports. In general, the lateral support assemblies include a lateral support of the cross member of the body pivot or upper and a lateral support of the cross member of the bogie pivot or lower, wherein the upper and lower lateral supports will be referred to either as lateral support or mounting of the lateral support. In addition, the side supports are usually coupled, that is, a first lateral support is provided between the center of the bogie pivot cross member and one of the side structures of the bogie assembly and a second side support is provided equidistant to the first but between the center of the crossbar of the bogie pivot and the other of the lateral structures. In United States Patent No. 4,030,424 to Garner et al., The rigid rail bogie provides side support assemblies to support the weight of the highway, wherein the support assembly is mounted on the bogie spring assembly. This support assembly has a support guide which may be hollow or solid, but illustrated with reinforcing projections. An elastic support of an elastomeric member is mounted on the projection and a support member is fixed on the upper part of the elastomer with a low friction support material on the support member. This laminate, like the support, is provided in the bogie described in or on the side structure. U.S. Patent No. 5,024,166 to Alhborn et al., Describes an assembly of the highway bogie with the load supported on the outside of the central plate region, however, the load is supported by leaf springs anchored on the outside of the jaws but on the rails. United States Patent No. 4,434,720 of Mulcahy et al. Teaches a multi-directional side support assembly for a railroad bogie with a center plate assembly, which transports and transfers more of the vertical load to the bogie pivot cross member and side structures. In this apparatus, the lateral support is used to provide load support to a limited degree, but more importantly it is used to decrease the swinging movement of the truck body bogie. The apparatus includes alternative arrangements of laminated arrangements of elastomers with structures similar to solid intermediate plates. However, under an empty car condition it is considered that the mounts of the support can support the weight of the highway, at least in the static state. The second elastic device is mounted close to the first or elastic device of the empty carriage, and this second device of higher compression and shearing properties is fixed with the worn plates in its upper and lower part. The rigid cylinder or yaw is generally provided by the second elastic device. In a loaded cart state, the first elastic device is compressed, the second elastic device is brought into contact by the body of the carriage and the central plate makes contact with the opening of the central plate of the cross member of the bogie pivot, where the central plate is the mechanism primary force transfer in this carriage body and arrangement of the bogie pivot cross member. U.S. Patent No. 5,138,954 to Mulcahy discloses a crossbeam of the bogie pivot of the highway with ends distal to the exterior of the side structures of the bogie and having the weight of the body of the car in the side beams supported on these distal ends . The lateral friction supports provide a combination pad with a higher friction body of a relatively low friction material and at least a second friction body inserted in the low friction material, wherein the second body is a relatively high friction material. high friction The illustrated and designed support modalities are in the form of an arched body to match a concave seat. These brackets will tilt in their seat at the same levels with the wear pad on the car body. This second section body is dependent on the first or low friction material for its relative position and maintenance of its base as soon as the second friction body is operable only against the first friction body. A constant contact load bearing assembly for a lightweight railcar has a bracing support of the body pivot and a multielement arrangement of the bogie pivot cross member where the bogie pivot cross member is a spring biased against the traverse of the bogie pivot operable to continuously support the weight of the carriage in either the loaded or the empty state. The mounting of the load carrier of the bogie pivot crossmember has a first and outer element with a generally central passage therebetween. A second or internal element is provided in the central passage with a deflection spring in a recess in the cross member of the bogie pivot between the pivot cross member and the internal element, wherein the spring deflects the internal element against the lateral support of the pivot. naughty of the pivot of the body. As a practical matter, the cross member of the body pivot more generally includes a wear pad to support against the mounting of the load support of the bogie pivot cross member. In an empty carriage state the wear pad abuts or contacts the internal pad of the bogie pivot cross member and the deflection spring supports the carriage body against contact with the bogie pivot cross member or structure side. In a loaded or partially loaded state, the pivot cross member of the highway body, and specifically the wear pad, compresses the inner cushion of the bogie pivot cross member and the biasing spring to contact the first or outer cushion of the bogie pivot. polymeric material. This outer cushion polymer has a volume module and is slightly compressible, but together with similar load-bearing mounts located, it will hold the weight of the loaded highway. The coefficient of friction of the outer cushion polymer is substantially less than the coefficient of friction of the inner cushion material, which allows relatively restricted movement of the bogie relative to the pivot cross member especially during travel around curves. Although the inner cushion is continuously deflected against the wear pad, the function supporting the primary load is accommodated by the outer pad, where the load-bearing function is understood to be related to the contact area of the outer pad of the sleeper of the pivot of the bogie with the element that supports the load of the sleeper of the body pivot.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the Figures of the drawings, similar numbers refer to similar components and in the drawing: Figure 1 is a plan view of the preferred embodiment of the load bearing assembly of the bogie pivot cross member; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the mounting of the load carrier of the bogie cross member of Figure 1 taken along the line 2-2; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the mounting of the load carrier of the cross member of the bogie pivot of Figure 1 taken along the line 3-3; Fig. 4 is a plan view of a half of a cross member of the bogie pivot exemplified with the mounting of the load support in position; Figure 5 is a view in elevation in the longitudinal direction of the highway of the half of the cross member of the pivot of Figure 4; Figure 6 is a plan view of an alternative load-bearing arrangement; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the load-bearing arrangement of Figure 6 taken along line 7-7; and Figure 8 is a front elevational view of a half of a cross member of the body pivot with a load bearing cushion of the cross member of the body pivot exemplified. Illustrated is a constant contact, spring-deflected load bearing mount of dual friction coefficient or pad 10 for one side of the crossbar of pivot 12 of the highway bogie with one end 13 in a side structure 15 in Figures 4 and 5. More specifically, the load-bearing assembly 10, hereinafter the load-bearing support 10, is shown in elongated detail in Figures 1, 2 and 3. A load bearing of the cross-member of the body pivot or cushion 14 'is illustrated in Figure 8 and' extends downwardly from the cross member of the pivot 16 of the body in the lower part 18 of the body 20 of the dual carriageway. The pad 14 of the cross member of the body pivot is secured to a lower end 22 of the support 24 of the load support. The illustration of Figure 8 is simply exemplary of a load bearing structure of the cross member of the body pivot and position, insofar as the figure includes a central plate structure, which is not used with the present invention. The crosspiece of the pivot 16 of the body and the crosspiece of the pivot of the bogie 12 are aligned and parallel generally in a mounting of the highway. In such a mounting the pad 14 of the cross member of the body pivot and the load support 10 of the bogie pivot cross member are generally aligned vertically to contact between the pad 14 and the mounting 10 of the load support. Although a highway is not illustrated, it is known to have a longitudinal axis, a highway body, a first end, a second end and generally a bogie assembly at each of the first and second ends. A typical assembly of the bogie of the three-piece highway (not shown) has first and second side structures 15 connected by the crossbar of pivot 12 of the bogie. The assembly of the complete bogie may include axles, wheels, springs and auxiliary components, but these elements are not included within the present invention. The crosspiece 12 of the bogie pivot is either equal to or coupled to the crossbar of the pivot 16 of the body, thus connecting the bogie assembly to the body 20 of the highway. In Figure 1, a mounting 10 of the load carrier with an elliptical shape is shown, this form is merely illustrative, but is not a limitation. The load bearing assembly 10 has a primary and outer cushion 26 of a material with a relatively low coefficient of friction compared to the coefficient of friction for the material of the second or inner cushion 28. The steel pad 30, which is generally centrally located in the first pad 26, can be mild steel and has a second pad or internal 28 inclusive therein with approximately coplanar upper surfaces 32 and 36., as an illustration not as a requirement. The outer pad 26 in FIG. 1 provides a base or support similar to a housing for the inner pad 28 and is indicated with a significantly larger area of support or upper surface 32 of the combined areas of the surfaces 34 and 36. This difference in area between the surfaces 32 and 34, 36 is illustrated here, but is not a requirement for the operation of the invention. The second support surface 34 of the inner cushion 28 has a surface and a contact area significantly smaller than the surface 32. In the complementary or contacting relationship between the cushion 14 of the cross member of the body pivot and the cushion 10 of the bogie pivot cross member, the coupling surfaces 14, 32 and 34 can not be in a perfectly coupled relationship even in a reference position, ie with the empty highway at rest, but the interaction between the surfaces for either the state of the empty highway or the loaded highway is not dependent on the perfect coupling of this surface. In the preferred embodiment, the second or inner cushion 28 is included in the steel cushion 30, which is slidably positioned to alternate in the passageway door 40 of the first cushion 26. The clearance between the cushion 26. and the cushion 30 in the passageway 40 must be of a minimum but adequate amount to allow sliding of the cushion 26 in the passageway 40. This collection of elements 26, 28 and 30 are mountable on an upper surface 42 of the cross member of the pivot 12 of the bogie as seen in Figure 3. In this figure, the cross member of the pivot 12 of the bogie has a recess 44 on the surface 42, and in cooperation with the guide groove 47 in the bottom surface 49 of the first pad 26 provide the cavity 51 for receiving a first Belleville spring 46 and a second Belleville spring 48 arranged in series against the bottom 50 of the recess 44. Although only the first and second springs 46 and 48 of Belleville are shown in the figure, it is known that more and different types of springs can be used or accommodated in the cavity 51 to deflect the pads 30 and 28, as required . The upper surface 52 of the first spring 46 is in contact with the lower surface 54 of the steel pad 30, in which the springs 46 and 48 cooperate to deflect the steel pad 30 and the second pad 28 to contact the pad. 14 of the sleeper of the body pivot. In this illustration, the first pad 26 has a second guide groove or a relief section 60 at the intersection of the surface 32 and the passage door 40 for ease of assembly, operation of the steel pad 30 and inhibit lubricant migration from the surface 32 to the second support surface 34. In a reference state, the illustrated configuration of Figure 3 has the upper surface 34 displaced on the upper surface 32 of the first pad by a distance x. This separation or travel distance is the compression or travel available for the second or inner cushion 28 and 30 to control and keep in contact with the cushion 14 of the crossbeam of the body pivot, and in this way, the body 20 of the highway in the state of the empty highway. In a state of full support or boarding by the body 20 of the highway, the second pad 28 and the steel pad 30 will be compressed against the biasing force of the springs 46 and 48, which have a sufficiently large spring ratio. to support the weight of the empty highway. The pads or surfaces 26 and 28 are slightly compressible, but the compressibility or deflection of the illustrated state is a minimum compression and will not be considered further. In the state of the loaded highway, the pads 26 and 28 are in contact with the pad 14 of the cross member of the body pivot, in which the pads are considered relatively incompressible and provide an area long enough to support the weight of a fully loaded highway. In operation, speaking widely there are two operational modes: the state of the empty highway, where the load or force is the weight of the highway; and the loaded or boarding support state where the vertical load or force is the sum of the highway and the boarding weights. The preferred embodiment of the load bearing cushion 10 of the bogie pivot crossmember has a first cushion 26 of a material with low coefficient of friction such as a thermoplastic with additions of Teflon and silicon. A plurality of tests of this product have shown a coefficient of friction of 0.10 and lower, and this product has sustained its operability over a test period, which had not previously been sustainable with other known products of higher polymers. It is known that low friction coefficient measurements are achievable on one surface, lubricating the surface with a compound such as oil, however, recently only the plastic compound indicated above has provided it, which can maintain a friction coefficient surface low during a period of operation and under operational conditions. The oil is not generally used between the pads 14 and 26, 28 as well as can be pressed between the contact surface, thus obviating its lubricity; this retains particles between the pads thereby potentially increasing the coefficients of friction between them; and, it can deteriorate some polymeric cushion materials. The second or inner cushion 28 is a secondary material, such as a urethane product, with a coefficient of friction between about 0.18 and 0.24 in which the coefficient is also sustainable during the operating conditions and to lengthen periods of operation, not simply for an individual test. A second alternative cushion material can have a coefficient of friction greater than 0.18. This is the ability to maintain their relative friction coefficients that now allows the load-bearing mounts present to be assembled and tested for fabrication and use. These pads 26 and 28 are placed in contact with the pad 14 of the cross member of the body pivot, which can be a hard material such as stainless steel or other hard polymer, and be continuously abraded against the pad 14. This continuous wear between the surfaces of cushions and entrapment of trap materials between these surfaces has been historically abused and erodes this surface and increases the coefficient of friction of each of the surfaces. As a consequence, no known continuous contact load bearing assembly has maintained the low coefficient of friction requirement for continuous long-term operation. In an alternative embodiment, the wear plate 62 may be provided in a lower recess portion 50 to contact the Belleville spring 48, which thereby prevents direct wear on the surface of the bottom portion 50. 62 wear plate can be of any hard wear material. In the alternative embodiment of Figures 6 and 7, the load support assembly 70 has the first pad 26 with the passage 40. However, the second pad 28 is directly included in the passage 40 and positioned against the spring 46 in the cavity 51. The second pad 28 can be either a metal of a hard polymer operable. In addition, the lower surface 54 in either of the embodiments can be hardened to inhibit wear between the piston 30 and the spring 46, as well as alternately interpose a plate similar to the plate 62 between the surface 54 and the spring 46. The present invention provides a deviated spring, a side bearing assembly of constant contact with a dual coefficient of friction pad surface of the use of separate materials for the state of the empty reference highway and the state of the loaded or boarding highway. The lower coefficient of friction material of the pad surface 32 reduces the torsional strength for bending between the pad 14 of the body pivot cross member and the cross member of the bogie pivot 12 to cause the ease of bending and cornering between a montage of the bogie and a highway. In addition this dual-ratio lateral support arrangement, constant contact allows the introduction of a lower weight bogie assembly and elimination of the mounting of the central plate for the bogie assembly, which is the predominant bogie assembly structure currently in use in the United States. Those skilled in the art will recognize that certain variations in the illustrated modalities can be worked out. While only the specific embodiments of the invention have been described and shown, it is apparent that various alterations and modifications may be made thereto. It is, therefore, the intent in the appended claims to discover all modifications and alterations that fall within the true scope of the invention.

Claims (15)

1. CLAIMS 1. A constant contact load support assembly for a crossbeam of the bogie pivot of a highway, the highway that has a crossbeam of the pivot of the body with a lower side and at least one support of load of the crossbeam of the pivot of the body, of constant contact, with a wear surface mounted on the underside, a mounting of the motorway bogie having a first side structure, a second side structure, a cross member of the bogie pivot with an upper side, in which the cross member of the bogie pivot extends between the first and second side structures, and a plurality of load bearing assemblies of the cross member of the bogie pivot, each mounting of the load carrier of the bogie pivot cross member is characterized because it comprises: a first cushion and exterior and a first material with a first coefficient of friction, the first cushion having an upper surface, a lower surface and e defines a passageway located generally centrally; a second and internal pad with a second coefficient of friction greater than the first coefficient of friction, the second pad having an upper surface and a lower surface, the second pad positioned and movably in the passage door; means for deflecting the second pad in which the biasing means contacts the lower surface of the secondary pad to bias the second pad in the passage gate; a support of the cross member of the body pivot mounted on the underside of the cross member of the body pivot generally in vertical alignment with the load bearing assembly of the cross member of the bogie pivot; the mounting of the constant contact load bearing of the bogie pivot cross member mounted on the upper side of the bogie pivot cross member and having the lower surface of the first cushion maintainable on the upper side of the cross member of the bogie pivot, a deflection means positioned and operable between the bottom surfaces of the second pad and the upper side of the bogie pivot cross member to deflect the second pad with the top surface vertically displaced on the top surfaces of the first pad at a predetermined distance in a reference position with the highway without embarking, the upper surface of the second pad continuously brought into contact with the wear surface of the load carrier of the crossbeam of the body pivot, the upper surface of the second pad contacted with the surface of wear to only support the weight and load forces of the body of the highway in an empty carriage state and displaceable against the diverting means to transfer the weight and load forces to the bogie pivot cross member with the higher coefficient of friction material in the unladen state and the empty carriage, the deflection means which is displaceable in a loaded carriage state to provide contact between the wear surface and both of the upper surface of the first pad and the upper surface of the second pad cooperating to support the weight of the body of the carriageway and boarding in a state of the car loaded to communicate the body of the highway and the weight of the boarding to the crossbar of the bogie pivot and lateral structures.
2. 2. The assembly of the constant contact load support according to claim 1, characterized in that the first cushion is a polymeric material and the second cushion is a steel hood.
3. 3. The assembly of the constant contact load support according to claim 1, characterized in that the first cushion is a polymeric material with a first coefficient of friction and the second cushion is a steel hood with a second coefficient of friction greater than the first coefficient of friction.
4. 4. The mounting of the constant contact load support according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first pad is a first polymeric material, the second pad is a steel material, the assembly further comprises a second pad of polymeric material mounted on the upper surface of the second pad, with the second polymeric material having a third coefficient of friction greater than the first coefficient of friction of the first polymeric cushion material.
5. 5. The mounting of the constant contact load support according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflection means is at least one spring.
6. 6. The mounting of the constant contact load support according to claim 1, characterized in that the biasing means is a spring assembly having a first disk spring and a second disk spring, each spring having a ratio of spring, an upper side and a lower side, the springs have their upper sides juxtaposed and cooperating to define the assembly of the spring.
7. 7. The mounting of the constant contact load support according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross member of the bogie pivot defines a recess on the upper side to receive the biasing means, and the passageway is aligned with the recess.
8. 8. The mounting of the constant contact load support according to claim 6, characterized in that the pivot cross member of the bogie defines a recess with a lower surface on the upper side to receive the spring assembly, the springs arranged in vertical alignment to provide the lower side of the lower spring in contact with the lower surface of the recess and the upper side of the second spring in contact with the second pad. The assembly of the constant contact load support according to claim 6, characterized in that the first spring has a first spring ratio and the second spring has a second spring ratio; the highway in a reference position is in an unloaded and static state, and is operable between a state of the loaded car and the reference state, the second cushion is a steel hood, the first and second spring operable to support the highway and to deflect the steel hood to provide the upper surface generally in alignment with the upper surface of the first pad with the rail in the loaded carriage state. 10. The mounting of the constant contact load support according to claim 9, characterized in that the upper surface of the first cushion has a first surface area, the motorway operable in a dynamic operation mode, the upper surface of the second cushion having a second area, the areas of the first and second cushions and the ratios of the springs are provided to support the highway in the reference position and in the dynamic mode. 11. The mounting of the constant contact load support according to claim 9, characterized in that the first cushion has a first volume module and the second cushion has a second volume module, the second cushion and the diversion means operable for supporting the highway in a static and unloaded reference state, the first cushion having an upper surface with a first area, in which the first area and the first volume module cooperate to provide the means to support the highway displaced from the side top of the bogie pivot cross member in a loaded state. The assembly of the constant contact load support according to claim 11, characterized in that the upper surface of the first cushion in the reference position is at a first height on the surface of the bogie pivot cross member, the The primary volume of the first cushion and the first surface area are displaceable to a second height in a loaded carriage state, the second height being less than 45 thousandths below the first height. The assembly of the constant contact load support according to claim 4, characterized in that the second polymeric pad mounted on the second surface of the steel hood has a third surface, the motorway operable between an unloaded state and a state loaded, the highway in a reference position in a static and unloaded state, the third surface at a predetermined distance on the surface of the first pad in the reference state, and the deviating means operable to maintain the surface of the third pad in the predetermined distance on the first surface of the first pad in the reference state. The assembly of the constant contact load support according to claim 13, characterized in that the biasing means is compressible by the support of the cross member of the body pivot and the highway in a loaded carriage condition to provide contact between the outer element and the support of the sleeper of the pivot of the body for transfer of load forces. 15. On an operable highway to support shipments, the motorway having a body with at least one assembly of the motorway bogie, on at least one cross member of the body pivot with a lower side and on at least one load bearing of the cross member of the body pivot with one First wear surface, the body of the highway and the boarding provide a transferable vertical load to the bogie assembly, the bogie assembly having a bogie pivot cross member with an upper side, a first side structure, a second side structure and for at least one load bearing of the pivot cross member of the constant contact bogie operable to contact the load carrier of the cross member of the body pivot, the cross member of the bogie pivot connecting the first and second structures, the support of loading the bogie cross-member characterized in that it comprises: a first and outer cushion of a first material with a first coefficient of friction, the first cushion having a upper surface, a lower surface and defining a passageway generally located centrally; a second pad and internal in the passage door, the second pad having a second coefficient of friction greater than the first coefficient of friction, an upper surface and a lower surface, the second pad positioned and movable in the passage door; means for deflecting the second pad, in which the biasing means comes into contact with the lower surface of the second pad to deflect the second pad in the passageway; a load bearing of the cross member of the body pivot mounted on the underside of the cross member of the body pivot generally in vertical alignment with the load support of the cross member of the bogie pivot; the bogie pivot cross member, the constant contact load support mounted on the upper side of the cross member of the bogie pivot and having the lower surface of the first cushion secured to the upper side of the bogie pivot cross member, a position of reference for the highway provided in a condition of the empty highway, the diversion means placed and operable between the bottom surface of the second bolster and the upper side of the crosspiece of the pivot of the bogie to divert the second cushion with the upper surface of the second cushion vertically displaced anterior to the first surface of the first cushion at a predetermined distance in the reference position, the upper surface of the second cushion in the reference position brought into contact with the crosspiece of the body pivot, the wear surface of the loading support for support only the weight and load forces of the motorway body, and The second pad is movable against the biasing means to transfer the weight and load forces to the bogie pivot cross member with the higher coefficient of friction material in the unladen and empty carriage state, the biasing means movable by the second pad in a state of embarkation of the highway to provide contact between the wear surface of the crossbeam of the body pivot and both upper surfaces of the first pad of the crossbeam of the bogie pivot and the upper surface of the second pad cooperating to support and communicate the vertical load of the body of the highway and to embark in a state of the car loaded to the crossbeam of the pivot of the bogie and lateral structures.