MXPA06012371A - Blade for a rotor of a wind energy turbine. - Google Patents

Blade for a rotor of a wind energy turbine.

Info

Publication number
MXPA06012371A
MXPA06012371A MXPA06012371A MXPA06012371A MXPA06012371A MX PA06012371 A MXPA06012371 A MX PA06012371A MX PA06012371 A MXPA06012371 A MX PA06012371A MX PA06012371 A MXPA06012371 A MX PA06012371A MX PA06012371 A MXPA06012371 A MX PA06012371A
Authority
MX
Mexico
Prior art keywords
air
pressurized air
fan
pallet
rotor
Prior art date
Application number
MXPA06012371A
Other languages
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Laurent Bonnet
Original Assignee
Gen Electric
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gen Electric filed Critical Gen Electric
Publication of MXPA06012371A publication Critical patent/MXPA06012371A/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
    • F03D1/0633—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F03D15/05—Transmission of mechanical power using hollow exhausting blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S415/00—Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
    • Y10S415/905—Natural fluid current motor

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

A blade for a rotor of a wind energy turbine includes opposite upper and lower faces, opposite leading and trailing edges connecting the upper and lower faces, means for generating pressurized air, and at least one air outlet opening in fluid communication with the pressurized air generation means and arranged on at least one of the upper face, the lower face and the trailing edge for discharging the pressurized air into the air around at least one of the upper and lower faces and the leading and trailing edges.

Description

PALETTE FOR A ROTOR OF ENERGY TURBINE EÓ ICA Field of the Invention The invention relates to a blade for a rotor of a wind power turbine and more particularly to a system for influencing the airfoil layer around the blade when subjected to an air stream.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION To improve the overall operation of wind turbines, one measure is to improve the dynamic characteristics of the rotor blades. The aerodynamic performance of the rotor blade is limited to an inconvenient generation of vortices at the root and tip of the blade and by the location of the transition lines on the upper and lower faces of the blade, along whose lines, the air stream is converted from a laminar flow into a turbulent flow, which can not be used for the aerodynamic lifting effects acting on the vane. In particular, the vortices at the root and at the tip are inconvenient not only with respect to aerodynamic performances but also with respect to the generation of unwanted noise and turbulence shading, which affect the adjacent wind energy turbines at a power station. wind.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In one aspect, a vane for a rotor of a wind turbine is provided. The pallet includes opposite upper and lower faces, opposite front and rear edges, connecting the upper and lower faces, a means for generating pressurized air, and at least one air outlet opening in fluid communication with the pressurized air generating means. and arranged in at least one of the upper face, the lower face and the trailing edge to discharge the pressurized air in the air around at least one upper and lower face and the leading and trailing edges. In another aspect, a method is provided for influencing the air flow around a rotor blade of a wind power turbine. The method includes discharging the pressurized air out of at least one air outlet opening and into the boundary layer of an air stream flowing through the rotor blade.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 illustrates a general view of a wind power turbine for rotor blades which are provided with air outlet openings to expel pressurized air jets. Figure 2 illustrates the tip of a rotor blade on a larger scale to illustrate the basic construction features of the pressurized air generating means in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. Figure 3 illustrates a view in the direction of the leading edge of the rotor blade at its tip. Figure 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a rotor blade of a wind energy turbine without the provision of air outlet openings, as suggested in accordance with the invention; and Figure 5 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a rotor blade of a wind power turbine comprising air outlet openings for moving the transition from laminar to turbulent flow to the leading edge of the vane.
Detailed Description of the Invention In one embodiment of the invention, at least one outlet opening for discharging the pressurized air is arranged in at least one of the opposite upper and lower faces and / or at the trailing edge of the pallet. along which the upper and lower faces of the faces are connected, as along the front edge of the blade. The pressurized air is generated by means of a means to generate pressurized air. This means that it can operate as an active or passive means to generate pressurized air with the help of a fan or its similar or when receiving air from an air stream, to which the paddle is subjected during the operation and releases this pressurized air through the at least one exit opening. In one embodiment, the means for generating pressurized air can be designed as an active and passive medium.
The at least one outlet opening in one embodiment, arranged for example, at the tip of a rotor blade on the face thereof which is subjected to suction of the air flowing along the face. Around the tip, there is an aerodynamic cut between the suction side and the pressure side around the paddle. The short cut along with the rotation of the rotor of the wind energy turbine results in the creation of three-dimensional vortex flows, which in turn reduce the aerodynamic lift acting on the tip of the blade. In this, the pressurized air is expelled towards the tip, the generation of vortices around the tip is prevented and they move away from the tip to improve the aerodynamic performance of the tip. The same applies to the root of the blade of a wind turbine, which also generates three-dimensional vortices. Further, by arranging the at least one exit opening of a plurality of outlet openings at the upper end or faces of the pallet while expelling the pressurized air towards the trailing edge of the pallet, it results in a displacement of the separation line between laminar and turbulent flow towards the trailing edge, which in turn results in a more effective use of the surface of the pallet for aerodynamic purposes. Accordingly, one aspect of the invention relates to the distribution and direction of air jets along the surface of the paddle to the area of the aerodynamic boundary layer around the paddle, where vortices are created and / or turbulence of areas to increase the percentage of the total surface size of the blade, which can be used for aerodynamic purposes, which results in a better aerodynamic performance of the rotor blade. In one embodiment of the present invention, the pressurized air generating means comprises at least one air inlet port arranged at the leading edge of the vane or at another location of the vane or rotor. The air inlet opening is in fluid connection with the at least one air outlet opening. Alternatively, the pressurized air generating means includes multiple air inlet openings arranged at the leading edge and in fluid connection with the at least one air outlet opening or a plurality of air outlet openings in the vane. The fluid connection between the air inlet opening and each of the air outlet openings can be achieved with one or a plurality of fluid conductors. To improve the operation of the air inlet of at least one air inlet opening, the pressurized air generating means may also include a manifold, for example, as a narrow channel that provides a Venturi effect acting on the introduced air to provide pressure to it. In addition, the control means such as flow valves, fins, flow registers, flow diaphragms, a flexible elastic conductor or its like are provided to control the specific flow velocity and the relative specific pressure of pressurized air leaving the opening of the flow. air outlet or exit openings. Also, with the aid of this control means it is possible to selectively close the individual ones of the air outlet openings that may be convenient, depending on the air current flowing around the vane. In another aspect of the present invention, the pressurized air generating means includes a fan for blowing pressurized air out of the at least one air outlet opening. This fan can draw air through an air intake opening arranged at the leading edge of the vane or at another location on the vane or rotor. In another aspect, the fan is provided as an element of the pressurized air generating means, in addition to the passive generating means of pressurized air described above. A fan outlet can be selectively opened or closed in order to add pressurized air generated by the fan to the pressurized air flow created from the air inlet opening of the passive pressurized air generating means. further, the pressurized air exits through an air outlet opening, which may include at least one termination or at least one nozzle-like shape in order to introduce a jet expansion shape into the air outlet opening or a specific amount of jet vortices in a specific vortex direction. As described above, the present invention can be applied to wind energy turbines from the action and the reaction type, i.e., wind energy turbines having a horizontal or vertical rotation axis. More specifically, Figure 1 illustrates the general construction of a wind turbine 10 provided with rotor blades designed in accordance with one embodiment. Wind turbine 1 0 includes a rotor 12 having a hub 14 from which three rotor blades 16 extend radially. The number of rotor blades, in alternative modes, may be greater or less than three. The rotor 12 is arranged in a cavity (not shown) of the wind energy turbine 10, the cavity is supported by a tower 1 8. The cavity has the ability to rotate about the vertical axis, while the rotor 12 rotates about the axis horizontal Accordingly, the wind energy turbine 10 of Figure 1 is of the action type. However, the invention can also be applied to rotors of the wind turbine type of reaction. Each rotor blade 1 0 includes an upper face 20 and an opposite lower face 22 (not shown in Figure 1 but illustrated in Figures 3 through 5), a leading edge 24 and a rear edge 26 opposite with respect to the direction Rotation 28 of the rotor 1 2. Each rotor blade 16 also comprises a root 30 by means of which the blade 16 is connected to a hub 14 and a tip 32 at the radial end of the blade 1 6. As can be seen in FIG. Figure 1, the different groups 34, 36 and 38 of the exit openings 40, 42 and 44 are arranged on the upper surface 20 of each pallet 16. In an alternative embodiment, the pallets 16 include more or less than three groups and each group includes more or less than the number of openings illustrated in the Figure. In another embodiment, the groups 34, 36 and 38 and the openings 40, 42 and 44 are arranged differently from those shown in Figure 1. The arrangement of air outlet openings 40 of group 34 at tip 32 of vane 16 is shown in more detail in Figures 2 and 3. As can be seen from Figure 3, at tip 32 of the vane 1 6 there is provided an air inlet opening 46 arranged in the leading edge 24 of the pallet 16. However, it should be noted that this air inlet opening 46 can also be arranged in a different portion of the leading edge 24. The air inlet opening 46 is in fluid communication with each of the air outlet openings 46, which in Figure 2, are shown by a channel 48 from each individual extended fluid conduit leading to the outlet openings 40 of air. Alternatively, the air outlet openings 40 can be arranged within a common air channel. As can be seen in particular in Figure 3, the air openings 40 are directed towards the tip 32 of the pallet 16. During the operation of the rotor 1 2, air enters the tip 32 through the inlet opening 46 of air and is guided through the fluid conductors 50 and out through the air outlet openings 40, as shown by the arrows 52 of Figure 3. The individual air streams 52 prevent the creation of a vortex around the air. the tip 32 of the vane 16, so that the air stream along the lower and upper faces 20 and 22 around the tip 32 is more laminar and in accordance with this, can be effectively used for aerodynamic lift. In one embodiment, the operation of air intake and the generation of pressurized air from the air taken through the openings are improved by arranging a Venturi manifold 54 in the air inlet opening 46. With this narrow channel construction, the air is forced into the channel 48, which provides improved air pressurization. In one embodiment, the individual air outlet openings are selectively closed and opened. Accordingly, as shown in Figure 2, several valves 56 are arranged associated with each of the air outlet openings 40. The valves 56 are controlled, in one embodiment, by means of a control unit 58. In one embodiment, the paddle 16 of the rotor also includes a fan 60 arranged within the blade 16 of the rotor, inside a hub 14, or at any other location inside or outside the wind turbine 10, to generate an active current of air directed towards the air outlet openings 40. The fan 60, as well as a closing or opening flap 62, are controlled by a control unit, which in the embodiment of Figure 2, also controls the valves 56. Of course, it should be noted that the air generating means 64 Pressurized provided by the air inlet opening 56 and the air outlet openings 40, together with the channel 48 and the fluid conductors 50 can operate without a fan 60. The internal fluid communication system for discharging the pressurized air out of the air outlet openings 40, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, relates to a combination of passive and active systems. A fluid communication system of the passive type comprises a fluid communication between the inlet opening 46 and the outlet openings 40, without a fan or its like, while an active type fluid communication system includes a motorized fan in fluid communication with the air inlet opening 46 and air outlet openings 40. Regardless of the type of fluid communication system, active or passive type, the outlet openings 40 are designed, in one embodiment, as nozzles to expel the pressurized air as air jets. By means of the pressurized air jets 52 expelled from the air outlet openings 40 together with the upper face 20 of the vane 16 and perpendicular to the air stream to which the vane 16 of the rotor is subjected, it reduces and / or it avoids the generation of vortices in the tip 32 of the blade 1 6 of the rotor. By means of the air outlet openings 42 of Figure 1, which are arranged on the upper face 20 closer to the rear edge 26 than the front edge 24, it is possible to shift the transition from the laminar flow to the turbulent flow, throughout from pallet 16 to its rear edge 26. This phenomenon is illustrated in Figures 4 and 5. The normal situation without the air outlet openings 46 is shown in Figure 4. The air stream 66 flows as a laminar flow along the upper face 20 and the face. 22 below until the transitions 68, 70 from which the laminar flow becomes turbulent. Figure 5 shows that with the help of the air outlet openings 42, the pressurized air jets 72 are expelled along the upper face 20 and towards the rear edge 28, so that the transition on the upper face 20 move back toward the trailing edge 26, which results in an increase in the percentage of aerodynamically used surface area for elevation. The air that is expelled through the air outlet openings 42 can be introduced by means of additional air inlet openings (not shown) arranged in the front edge 24 of the pallet 16 and / or by air generated in active form by means of a fan and another fan provided in wind turbine 1 0. The air outlet openings 44 at the root 30 of the vane 16 are operatively similar to the transition of the transition as shown in Figures 4 and 5, by the provision of the air outlet openings 42.
While the invention has been described in terms of several specific embodiments, persons skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be practiced with modifications within the spirit and scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

REVIVALATION IS
1 . A blade (1 6) for a rotor (1 2) of a wind turbine (1 0), the blade is characterized in that it comprises: opposite top and bottom faces (20, 22); opposite front and rear edges (24, 26), which connect the upper and lower faces; means (64) for generating pressurized air; and at least one air outlet opening (40) in fluid communication with the pressurized air generating means arranged in at least one of the upper face, the lower face and the trailing edge to discharge the pressurized air into the surrounding air of at least one of the upper and lower faces and the leading and trailing edges. The pallet (16) according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a root (30) and a tip (32) arranged at the ends of the leading and trailing edges (24, 26), the at least one air outlet opening (40) arranged in at least one of the upper and lower faces (20, 22) in at least one of the root and tip. The pallet (16) according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressurized air generating means (64) comprises at least one air inlet opening (46) arranged in the front edge (24) and in fluid communication with the at least one air outlet opening (40). 4. The pallet (1 6) according to claim 3, characterized in that multiple openings (40) are provided, each outlet opening in fluid communication with the at least one air intake opening (46) by means of at least one fluid conduit (50). The pallet (16) according to claim 3, characterized in that the pressurized air generating means (64) also comprises a manifold arranged in at least one inlet opening (46). The pallet (16) according to claim 4, characterized in that the means (64) of pressurized air also comprises a manifold arranged in at least one air inlet opening (46). The vane (1 6) according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (64) of pressurized air comprises a fan (60) for blowing pressurized air out of at least one air outlet opening (40). The vane (16) according to claim 7, characterized in that an outlet of the fan (60) is in fluid communication with the at least one air outlet opening (40) and wherein an inlet opening of the fan It is provided to introduce air through the fan. The pallet (1 6) according to claim 7, characterized in that the inlet opening for the fan (60) is in fluid communication with the at least one air inlet opening (46) of the medium (64). pressurized air generator. The pallet (16) according to claim 8, characterized in that an outlet of the fan (60) is in fluid communication with the at least one air outlet opening (40) and wherein the inlet opening of the fan is provided to introduce air through the fan.
MXPA06012371A 2005-10-27 2006-10-26 Blade for a rotor of a wind energy turbine. MXPA06012371A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/259,899 US7354247B2 (en) 2005-10-27 2005-10-27 Blade for a rotor of a wind energy turbine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
MXPA06012371A true MXPA06012371A (en) 2007-04-26

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ID=37684954

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
MXPA06012371A MXPA06012371A (en) 2005-10-27 2006-10-26 Blade for a rotor of a wind energy turbine.

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7354247B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1780408B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1955459B (en)
BR (1) BRPI0604707A (en)
DK (1) DK1780408T3 (en)
MX (1) MXPA06012371A (en)

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EP1780408A1 (en) 2007-05-02
US7354247B2 (en) 2008-04-08
CN1955459B (en) 2011-08-24
BRPI0604707A (en) 2007-08-28
DK1780408T3 (en) 2015-06-29
EP1780408B1 (en) 2015-05-06
CN1955459A (en) 2007-05-02

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