MXPA06005443A - Industrial two-layer fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

An industrial two-layer fabric comprises pairs of warps obtained by vertically stacking an upper side warp to be woven with an upper side weft and a lower side warp to be woven with a lower side weft and having, as at least one of the pairs. A pair of binding warps composed of warp binding yarns to be woven with both an upper side weft and a lower side weft constitutes a portion of an upper side surface design and a portion of a lower side surface design. As a lower side surface warp design formed by the weaving of a warp binding yarn and a lower side warp with a lower side weft, two or three designs different from each other and has, as a weft design, a design of passing over two warps adjacent to each other and then passing under a plurality of warps to form a long crimp on the lower side surface.

Description

BICAPA CLOTH, INDUSTRIAL TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a tele-industry that uses a warp ligature yarn, the fabric can satisfy physical properties required for industrial fabrics such as wear resistance, surface property, stiffness, stability during handling and property. of water drainage.

ANTECEDENTS OF THE TECHNIQUE Woven fabrics with warps and wefts have conventionally been widely used as industrial fabric. They are used in several fields that include wire mesh for papermaking, conveyor belts and filter cloths that require cloth properties suitable for the intended use or the environment in which they are to be used. Of these fabrics, a wire mesh for the manufacture of paper used in a papermaking step to remove water from raw materials using the meshes of a fabric must meet severe requirements. Therefore, there is a demand for the development of fabrics that have an excellent surface property and that do not transfer a wire mesh mark from the fabric to the paper, that it has sufficient resistance to wear and stiffness and that it can still be used under severe environmental conditions, and that are able to maintain the necessary conditions to make good quality paper for a long period of time. In addition, they are required to have the property of fiber support, improve papermaking performance, good water drainage property, dimensional stability and stability during handling. In recent years, due to the increase in the speed of papermaking machines, the requirements of wire mesh meshes for papermaking are even more severe.

Since most of the requirements for industrial fabric and how to satisfy them are understood when describing a papermaking fabric in which the strictest requirements among industrial fabrics are imposed, the present invention will be described hereinafter using the fabric to make paper as a representative example.

It is very important that papermaking fabrics have, in particular, excellent surface property that does not facilitate the transfer of a mark from the wire mesh of the fabric to the paper, the property of supporting fibers to support the small fibers, strength wear that allows handling for a long time, even under very strict driving conditions, stability during handling that allows stable handling until the final stage of use and rigidity. Research was carried out on the design or constitution of a fabric capable of satisfying properties. A two-layer fabric having as part of a warp on the upper side and a warp on the lower side, stacked vertically, a warp ligature thread, was recently used as a fabric. The function of the warp binding yarn is to weave and bind a weft of the upper side and a weft of the lower side, and at the same time, it has a function, similar to the warp on the upper side and a warp on the lower side, to form a part of surface of the upper side and a surface of the lower side.

The two-layer fabric with warp ligature yarn is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-342889. This fabric uses a warp ligature thread. Without an additional ligature thread that can break the design of the upper side fabric, it has excellent surface property. It is superior in ligature resistance to a fabric limited by means of a weft. The fabric described in this document, however, adopts a design in which a weft on the underside constituting a surface on the underside passes over two warps and then passes under two warps to form a short fold corresponding to two warps on the bottom side on the bottom side of the surface. This fabric has a water draining space between two adjacent pairs of warps on the underside and is made of yarns with small diameter suitable as fabric for the manufacture of tissue paper having a thin wire mesh thickness. This fabric is suitable for making tissue paper, but is not suitable for applications that require resistance to wear and rigidity. A warp on the bottom side having a long crease design may have improved wear resistance, but on a fabric using a warp ligature yarn, the design of the fabric is sometimes limited by the diameter of the yarn. , or structure or application of the resulting fabric. For example, even when the long diameter yarn is used as the warp on the underside of this fabric to increase its wear resistance, the weft on the underside becomes inflexible and a warp appearing on the underside tends to protrude and wear out .As described above, no industry fabric using a warp tie yarn can simultaneously satisfy the wear resistance, the surface property, stiffness, stability during handling and the water drainage property.

COMPENDIUM OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an industrial bilayer fabric in any of the properties necessary for industrial fabrics as surface property, wear resistance, stiffness, stability during handling and water drainage property: The present invention relates to an industrial bilayer fabric comprising warp pairs obtained by vertically stacking a warp on the upper side to be woven with a weft on the underside and a warp on the underside to be woven with a weft. weft on the underside and having, at least one of the pairs, a pair of ligature warps composed of warp ligature yarns to be woven both with the weft of the upper side and with the weft of the lower side to constitute a part of the design of the surface of the upper side and a part of the design of the surface of the lower side. The fabric of this invention has, as the warp design of the bottom side formed by the fabric of a warp ligature yarn and a warp of the bottom side with a weft of the bottom side, or three different designs of each. and has, as a pattern design, a pattern that passes over two warps contiguous with each other and which then pass under a plurality of warps to form a long fold on the surface of the underside.

In the industrial bilayer fabric of this invention, the warp ligative yarns forming the pair can be formed to appear alternately from the upper side surface and can be woven with the respective upper side plies, which are different from each other. others, to assist in the warp construction function of the surface design of the upper side, while on the surface of the lower side, the warp ligature yarns forming the pairs may appear alternately on the surface of the lower side and it can be woven with respect to the lower side frames that are different from each other.

The warp ligature yarns forming the pairs may have a design in which one of the warp ligature yarns of the pair is woven with a weft on the upper side, below which the other warp ligature yarn it is woven with at least one weft from the lower side, while the warp ligature yarns are woven with at least one weft from the lower side, on which is knitted another weft yarn from the warp, with a weft on the upper side. In this case, the pair of warp ligature yarns complement each other to constitute, on the surface of the upper side and on the surface of the lower side, a design corresponding to the warp.

A warp ligature yarn may have a design that is symmetrically bilateral relative to one or two knuckles on the underside each formed by passing the warp ligature thread under a bottom side weft, and at the same time obtains a warp design on the side of the bottom surface formed by the pair of ligatures warps repeating a pattern passing over a plurality of wefts on the underside and then passing below a weft on the underside.

The warp ligation threads that form the pair can have the same design or designs that are the image of the other.

The design of the warp on the bottom side formed together by the pair of tie warps may have a 3/1 design to pass over three wefts on the bottom side and then pass under a weft on the bottom side. In this case, a weft pattern on the underside constituting the surface of the underside may be a design which passes over two warps on the underside and then passes under six successive warps on the underside. Additionally, the two different designs of warps on the underside surface may comprise a 4 / 1-2 / 1 design to pass over four wefts on the underside, pass under a weft on the underside, pass over two wefts on the underside and passing under a weft on the underside and the 3/1 design that passes three wefts on the underside and passes under a weft on the underside, while a weft pattern is a design that passes over two successive wefts on the bottom side and then passes under six successive warps on the bottom side. Alternatively, three different warp designs on the underside can comprise a 4 / 1-2 / 1 design to pass over four wefts on the underside, pass under a weft on the underside, pass over two wefts on the side below and passing under a weft on the underside, a 3/1 design passes over three wefts on the underside and passes under a weft on the underside, and a 5 / 1-1 / 1 design passes over five wefts 'on the underside, it passes under a weft on the underside, passes over a weft on the underside and passes under a weft on the underside, while a weft pattern is designed to pass over two successive warps on the underside. the bottom side and 'then passes under six successive warps on the bottom side.

The warp design on the bottom side formed together by the pair of tie warps of this invention can be a 4/1 design that passes over four wefts on the bottom side and then passes under a weft on the bottom side, while the weft pattern on the underside forming the surface on the underside is a pattern that passes over two successive warps on the warps on the underside and then passes under eight successive warps on the underside. In this case, the two different warp designs on the surface on the underside can be a 6 / 1-2 / 1 design to pass over six wefts on the underside, pass under a weft on the underside, pass over two wefts on the underside and pass under a weft on the underside and a 4/1 pattern that passes over four wefts on the underside and passes below a weft on the underside, while the weft pattern is a design that passes over two successive warps on the underside and then passes under eight successive warps on the underside.

The pair of ligatures warps may be interspersed between pairs of warps.

On the surface on the underside, two contiguous warps together can weave a weft on the underside from the underside, where the weft on the underside forms a long weft fold corresponding to a plurality of wefts on the surface of the weft. bottom side, and all the warps that form the surface on the bottom side each form a zigzag arrangement as two warps, adjacent to the right and left sides, alternate to a part in which the warp knits a weft on the side bottom from the bottom side.

The surface design of the upper side formed by weaving a warp ligature yarn and a warp on the upper side with a weft on the upper side may be composed of a simple warp design. In addition, the surface design on the upper side formed by weaving a warp ligature yarn and a warp on the upper side with a weft on the upper side can be obtained by alternating the placement of two warp designs different from one another. .

The industrial bilayer fabric of the present invention is capable of having an excellent surface property by adopting two or three different warp designs for the design of the surface on the bottom side formed by a warp ligation yarn and a yarn. warp on the underside with a weft on the underside and adopting warp ligature yarns forming a pair of a bilateral symmetrical design relative to a knuckle on the underside, more preferably the same design.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of an industrial bilayer fabric of Example 1 according to the present invention.

Figs. 2A and 2B include cross-sectional views taken along lines 2A-2A and 2B-2B in the warp warp 1 warps and warp bond yarn pair 2 shown in Fig. 1 respectively.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 in vertically stacked frames of the weft 1 shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of an industrial bilayer fabric of Example 2 according to the present invention.

Figs. 5A and 5B include cross-sectional views taken along lines 5A-5A and 5B-5B of the warp warp 1 warps and warp bond yarn pair 2 shown in Fig. 4 respectively.

Fig. 6 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of an industrial bilayer fabric of Example 3 according to the present invention.

Figs. 7A, 7B and 7C includes cross-sectional views taken along lines 7A-7A, 7B-B and 7C-7C of warp warp weave 1, warp binding yarn pair 2 and yarn pair of yarn. warp ligature 6 shown in Fig. 6 respectively.

Fig. 8 is a diagram showing a repeated unit of an industrial bilayer fabric of Example 4 according to the present invention.

Figs. 9A and 9B include cross-sectional views taken along lines 9A-9A and 9B-9B of the warp pair warps 1 and warp bond yarn pair 2 shown in Fig. 8 respectively.

Fig. 10 is a diagram showing a repeated unit of an industrial bilayer fabric of Example 5 according to the present invention.

Figs. 11A and 11B include cross-sectional views taken along lines 11A-11A and 11B-11B of the warp warp 1 warps and warp bond yarn pair 2 shown in Fig. 10 respectively.

Fig. 12 is a diagram showing a repeated unit of an industrial bilayer fabric of Example 6 according to the present invention.

Figs. 13A, 13B and 13C includes cross-sectional views taken along the lines 13A-13A, 13B-13B and 13C-13C of the warps of the warp pair 1, warp ligature yarn pair 2 and pair of warp yarns. warp 3 shown in Fig. 12 respectively.

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 14-14 of the vertically stacked frames of the frame pair 1 shown in Fig. 12.

Fig. 15 is a diagram showing a repeated unit of an industrial bilayer fabric of Example 7 according to the present invention.

Figs. ISA, 16B and 16C include cross-sectional views taken along lines 16A-16A, 16B-16B and 16C-16C from the warps of the warp ligation yarn pair 1, pair of warp ligature yarn 2 and pair of warp ligature yarn 3 shown in Fig. 15 respectively.

Fig. 17 is a diagram showing a repeated unit of an industrial bilayer fabric of Example 8 according to the present invention.

Figs. 18A, 18B, 18C and 18D include views of the cross section taken along the lines ISA-ISA, 18B-18B, 18C-18C and 18D-18D of the warp warp weave 1, pair of ligature thread of warp 2, warp pair 3 and pair of warp ligature yarn 6 shown in Fig. 17 respectively.

Fig. 19 is a diagram showing a repeated unit of an industrial bilayer fabric of Example 9 according to the present invention.

Figs. 20A, 20B and 20C include cross-sectional views taken along lines 20A-20A, 20B-20B and 20C-20C in warp pair 1, warp ligature yarn pair 2 and warp pair 3 shown in Fig. 19 respectively.

Fig. 21 is a diagram showing a repeated unit of an industrial bilayer fabric of Conventional Example 1.

Figs. 22A and 22B are cross-sectional views taken along lines 22A-22A and 22B-2B of warp pair 1 and pair of warp ligature yarn 2 shown in Fig. 21.

In the figures, the numbers 1, 2, 3, ... 10 indicate warp pairs or warp pairs of ligature, and the numbers from 1 'to 32' indicate wefts on the upper side and wefts on the lower side.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The industrial fabric of the present invention is a two-layer fabric having warps on the upper side to be woven with the wefts of the upper side and the warps of the lower side to be woven with the wefts of the lower side. A warp on the upper side and a warp on the lower side always form a pair and stack almost vertically one on top of the other and form a "pair of warps". At least one of the warp pairs is a "warp binding pair" composed of two warp ligature yarns that are woven with a weft on the upper side and a weft on the underside to constitute a part of the weft design. surface of the upper side and a part of the design of the surface of the lower side. This industrial bilayer fabric is characterized in that in a warp design on the underside is formed by weaving a warp ligature yarn and a warp on the underside with a weft on the underside composed of two or three different warp designs of each other and as a weft design, a design in which a weft on the underside passes over two adjoining warps and then passes under a plurality of warps to form a long fold on the surface on the underside.

To form a part of the surface design on the upper side, the warp ligature yarns are woven with the weft on the upper side and the weft on the lower side. It is preferable that two warp ligature yarns appear alternately from the surface on the upper side and are woven with their respective wefts on the upper side, different from each other to function together in the constitution of a warp in the surface design in the upper side. When a design is adopted in which the warp ligature yarns form a pair passing over the same weft on the upper side, these two warp binding yarns are juxtaposed in a weft on the upper side, and can clog a space of water drainage, alter the property of uniform drainage of water, and become causes of the generation of marks. For the same reason, a good result is obtained by adopting a design for the surface on the underside in which two warp ligature yarns are woven with the respective wefts on the underside, different from each other.

In the present invention, the term "warp on the upper side" encompassing the warp on the upper side and a warp ligature yarn to form a pair constituting the surface design on the upper side, the term "warp in the bottom side "encompasses a warp on the underside and a warp ligature yarn to form a pair that constitutes the surface design on the underside.

The pairs of warps and the pairs of ligatures warps are arranged in the desired proportion. When ligation strength is required, the proportion of the ligation warp pairs can be increased or even only pairs of ligation warps can be used. In other cases, a proportion of the warp pairs can be increased over the pairs of ligatures warps. In a fabric using warp ligature yarn, there is no additional ligature yarn so the resulting fabric has a compact surface and does not generate marks. In addition, the ligature thread is not lost during use so there is no internal wear.

The fabric has two or three different warp designs on the surface on the underside and has a weft pattern on the underside that passes over two adjoining warps and then passes under a plurality of warps to form a fold long on the surface on the bottom side. In the present invention, there are two warps to form the surface on the underside and the surface on the underside can not be formed solely with a warp tie yarn, but a similar design can be formed with a warp on the side upper and a warp on the lower side with the cooperation of two warp ligature yarns. In this way, two or three warp designs different from each other are formed with a pair of warp ligature yarns and a warp on the underside.

In the present invention, the term "three warp designs different from each other on the underside" means that a surface design on the underside is composed of different designs with respect to each other, for example, warp 1 on the underside has a 3/1 design in which it passes under a weft on the lower side and on three wefts on the lower side and repeats; the warp 2 of the lower surface has a 4 / 1-2 / 1 design in which the warp passes over four wefts on the underside, passes under a lock on the underside, passes over two wefts on the underside and it goes under a weft on the bottom side; and warp 3 on the underside has a 5 / 1-1 / 1 design in which the warp passes over five wefts on the underside, passes under a weft on the underside, passes over a weft on the underside and it goes under a frame on the bottom side. The warps 1, 2 and 3 on the underside can be a warp on the bottom side or a warp ligature yarn to form a pair. In this case, the surface design on the lower side formed by the pair of warp ties is the preferred repeat of a 3/1 design in which the warps as pairs always pass over or under the same number of frames on the underside because a The warp tie yarn preferably has a bilateral symmetrical design "relative to a knuckle on the underside.The warp on the underside may be a 3/1 design, a 4 / 1-2 / 1 design or a 5" design. / 1-1 / 1, or it can be a combination of a 3/1 design with a 3 / 1-2 / 1-3 / 1-4 / 1 design or a combination of a 3/1 design with a 3 design / 1-5 / 1-3 / 1-1 / 1 You can get a fabric that is uniform at the knuckle height and the depth of the impression at the intersection and that has an excellent surface property at the same time as a long weft pattern on the surface on the lower side adopting three warp designs different from each other The term "two different warp designs between them in the, surface on the bottom side "has the same meaning" mentioned above.

You can select to adopt designs of two warps or three warps for the lower side, as necessary, depending on the number of axes of the fabric, the combination of designs or arrangements of the binding warps. The number of warp designs on the underside greater than 3 is not recommended because a uniform fabric design can not be easily formed and sometimes deterioration in surface properties occurs.

For a weft on the underside, a pattern is used in which the weft passes over two contiguous warps together and then passes under a plurality of warps to form a long fold on the surface on the underside. The design to form a long crease pattern on the underside makes it possible to obtain a weft-like fabric with excellent wear resistance. In addition, by adopting a design in which two warps on the underside, contiguous to each other, simultaneously weave a weft on the underside, the long fold of the weft on the underside protrudes from the surface, which improves strength and rigidity of the resulting fabric. Moreover, on the surface of the underside, two warps adjoining each other are woven to a weft on the underside from the underside, where all the warps that form the surface on the underside, form zigzag arrangements as they alternately approach warps contiguous on the right and left sides in a part where they are woven with a weft on the bottom side from the bottom side. By means of this zigzag arrangement, the fabric has improved rigidity in the diagonal direction and there is an overlapped part and a non-overlapped part of a warp on the upper side with a warp on the underside. Because you can form meshes with a random or shaped size, you can carry out a gradual dehydration, making it possible to prevent the generation of dehydration marks, the adhesion of raw material laminated in a wire mesh or the separation of the fiber or the filling of the wire meshes.

An example of the zigzag arrangement is described later. In the lower side layer where the warp pairs and the warp tie pairs are arranged as necessary, a weft is woven on the bottom side simultaneously with two warps contiguous with each other, forming a long fold. In other words, two warps on the underside, contiguous with each other, simultaneously pass under a weft, on the underside. When the warps on the lower side designated as warps 1, 2 and 3, the warp 2 is, together with the warp 1 adjoining it, woven with the weft 1 'on the underside. The warp 2 is, together with the warp 3 adjoining it, woven with the weft 7 'on the underside. Two warps on the underside, contiguous to each other, approach a part where they are woven with a weft on the underside. In other words, warps 1 and 2 on the underside approximate each other when weaving with weft 1 'on the underside, while wefts 2 and 3 on the underside approximate each other when weave with weft 1 'on the bottom side. The warp 2 on the bottom side approaches the side of the warp 1 at the intersection with the weft 1 'on the underside and approaches the side of the warp 3 at the intersection with the V weft on the underside. Then, the broad warp 2 of the lower surface travels from side to side and therefore exhibits zigzag arrangement. Other warps on the underside also exhibit a zigzag arrangement.

The warp ligature yarns forming a pair preferably have a bilateral symmetrical design relative to one or two knuckles on the underside formed by passing the warp yarn Ta under a weft on the underside. When the two warp ligature yarns have a symmetrical design, the resulting fabric has excellent surface property because the depths of the impression at the intersection between the ligature yarns and the warp are uniform. The term "symmetric design" also covers the case where the design is not completely symmetrical due to a proportional arrangement of the frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side. The threads of the warp that form a pair preferably have the same design or designs in which one is the mirror of the other. The last design is different from the previous one only in the direction of the design. When using this design, the warp ligature yarns form a pair that is equal in tensile strength of a weft on the upper side and the height of a knuckle is uniform, whereby a fabric with excellent surface property can be obtained. In addition, the depth of the printing at the intersection between the warp ligatures is uniform and the resulting fabric has excellent surface property. A case similar to the aforementioned, is also covered in the same design, due to a ratio of arrangement of the frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side, however, the design is sometimes not completely the same in the design diagram, due to the inevitable misalignment of a plot due to the structure of a fabric. When a warp ligature yarn is not symmetrically bilateral relative to a knuckle on the underside or two warp ligature yarns forming a pair have different designs, the knuckle heights of a warp ligature yarn passing on a plot on the upper side different from each other and the depth of the printing at the intersections of the warp ligature yarns forming a pair are different, this undesirably becomes a cause of transfer of marks to the paper. As mentioned above, when a warp on the bottom side has three designs, which are, a 4 / 1-2 / 1 design, a 3/1 design, and a 5 / 1-1 / 1 design, and a pair of Warp ligature has a 4 / 1-2 / 1 design, two warp ligature yarns can not have a bilateral symmetrical design relative to a knuckle on the underside. In addition, the warp ligature threads that form a pair can not have the same design. Therefore, the warp tie pair preferably has a repeat design as 3/1 design to pass over and under the same number of frames on the underside. On the other hand, the warps on the underside can have any 3/1 design, 4 / 1-2 / 1 design or 5 / 1-1 / 1 design. To form a specific fabric design in the present invention, it is necessary to fully consider the designs of the warp, combination thereof, and the manner of combining them.

On the surface of the upper side, an auxiliary frame has a smaller diameter than a weft on the upper side placed between the wefts on the upper side. For example, it is effective to improve the supporting property of the fiber of a weft by alternating the placement of a weft on the upper side and an auxiliary weft to form a long fold in which the auxiliary weft passes over a plurality of warps.

The warps that constitute the surface design on the upper side are warp ligature threads that form a warp pair on the upper side and are woven with the wefts on the upper side. No particular limitation is imposed on the design of the fabric on the upper side, and any selected design of the flat fabric, cross weave, discontinuous weave, satin or similar fabric designs may be employed. A surface design on the upper side can be that obtained by using not only one design but also two designs for the warps on the upper side and alternately placing these two different designs of warps. The surface design on the upper side is, for example, a design in which a warp forms a flat weave and a warp having a design passing over a weft on the upper side and then passing under three wefts on the side top are placed alternately. This design can introduce the advantages of these designs as flat fabric stiffness and air permeability of the 1/3 design and in addition, defects can be eliminated from them such as lowering the number of the draft number and the worsening of the diagonal stiffness.

The number of frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side can be the same or different. For example, the frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side can be arranged in a ratio of 1: 1. The ratio can be either 2: 1, 3: 2 or 4: 3. In the field of papermaking fabric, a proportion of the wefts on the upper side may be preferably greater because the compact surface on the upper side is preferable from the point of view of the fiber holding property. and the property of the surface.

Although no particular limitation is imposed on the diameter of the yarns, the wefts on the upper side and the warps on the upper side constituting the surface on the upper side preferably have a relatively smaller diameter to form a compact and uniform surface. When the surface property of the fabric is particularly important, the use of warp ligature yarns equal to the warps on the upper side is preferred. A difference in the diameter between the warps on the upper side and the warp ligature yarns sometimes gives marks of the wire mesh to the paper because the yarns of a larger diameter protrude from the surface on the upper side. When the warps-on the upper side and the warp ligature threads are equal in diameter, the knuckle heights of the warps on the upper side become almost equal, giving rise to the formation of a relatively uniform surface. The fabric having the warps on the bottom side and the warp ligature yarns for the application of required wear resistance is preferred.

The surface on the underside that will be in contact with the machine or roller requires stiffness and wear resistance so that "the wefts on the underside and the warps on the underside preferably have a relatively long diameter. of the fabric for papermaking, fabrics that satisfy the surface property and wear resistance can be obtained by using the warps on the upper side and the ligation threads of the warps equal in diameter and the warps on the underside and the frames on the underside that have a larger diameter than the two mentioned above., in a part where a warp ligature thread passes under a weft on the underside, there is a danger that the warp ligature yarn with a smaller diameter will wear out because it appears from the surface on the underside. When the warp tie pairs are interspersed between the warp pairs, and in a part where the warp ligature thread passes under a weft on the bottom side, the warps on the bottom side adjoin the warp thread of the warp yarn. the warp has the design of passing under the same weft on the underside, the warp ligature yarn having a smaller diameter that does not protrude much like the warp on the underside ~ which has a larger diameter. As a result, it does not wear out beforehand and the fabric can be used without being disturbed by the breaking of the warp ligature yarn. All warps can be of the same diameter.

The surface on the underside of the present invention has two or three warp designs on the underside, which are different from each other, and a weft design in which a weft on the inferred side passes over two adjoining warps between yes, and passes under a plurality of warps to form a long fold on the surface on the underside. It is necessary to satisfactorily investigate the designs and arrangements of the warps on the underside to employ those designs. The warp pairs and ligation warp pairs can be arranged in equal or different proportion. Furthermore, it is preferred that a warp tie yarn have a bilateral symmetrical design relative to the knuckle on the lower side formed by the warp ligature passing under the weft on the underside or the warp ligature yarns. that form a pair have the same design. To replace a warp pair with a pair of ligatures you need to determine the conditions properly.

The threads that can be used in the present invention can be selected depending on the purpose of use. Examples of these include, in addition to monofilaments, multifilaments, spun yarns, finished yarns crimped or treated to increase their bulk as so-called textured yarns, crimped yarns and drawn yarns, and yarns obtained by interlacing them. As the cross section of the yarn, it can be used not only in a circular manner but also in square or short shapes such as a star shape, or elliptical or in a hollow form. The yarn material can be selected freely and the examples include polyester, nylon, "polyphenylene sulfide, polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropylene, aramid, polyether ether ketone, polyethylene naphthalate, cotton, wool and metal. copolymers or incorporating or "mixing the material described above with a selected substance depending on the intended use.

Because the warps on the upper side, the warps on the lower side, the warp ligature yarns and the upper side affect < SIC > of a wire mesh for papermaking, polyester monofilaments having stiffness and excellent size stability are generally suitable. Because the wefts on the underside require wear resistance, those obtained by means of a polyester monofilament and a polyamide filament are preferred, for example, alternatively placed because the fabric using those wefts improves the wear resistance and retains the rigidity.

Eg Emplos Referring to the accompanying drawings, the embodiments of the present invention will be described based on some examples.

Figs. 1 to 20 are design diagrams, cross-sectional view taken along a warp and cross-sectional view taken along the weft of each of the fabrics obtained in the Examples of the present invention. Figs. 21 and 22 show a conventional example, Fig. 21 is a design diagram of the conventional example and Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along the warp of Fig. 21.

A complete design that is a repeating unit in minimal form of a fabric design is shown in each design diagram and a complete fabric design is formed by connecting this entire longitudinal and latitudinal design. In this design diagram, the warps are indicated by Arabic numerals, for example 1, 2 and 3, some of them are warp pairs composed of warp on the upper side and warp on the lower side and some are warp tie pairs composed of two warp ligature yarns. The frames are indicated by Arabic numerals with a prime, for example, 1 ', 2' and 3 '. Some of them have a weft on the upper side and a weft on the lower side stacked vertically and some are composed of only one weft on the upper side, which is determined depending on the arrangement of the ratio.

In these diagrams, a mark of "x" means that a frame on the upper side is placed on a frame on the upper side; a marking indicates that a warp on the underside is placed below a weft on the underside; a mark of "&dt; aD" indicates that a warp ligature yarn is placed on a weft on the upper side; a mark of indicates that a warp ligature yarn is placed below a weft on the underside; a mark of "< áD" indicates that a warp ligature yarn is placed on a weft on the upper side; and a "o" mark indicates that a warp ligature yarn is placed below a weft on the underside.

The warps on the upper side and the wefts on the upper side overlap vertically with the warps on the underside and the wefts on the underside, respectively. In relation to the frames, some frames on the upper side do not have a lock on the lower side due to the proportion of the array.

In the design diagram, the strands overlap precisely vertically. However, they are shown for the convenience of the drawing and misalignment is allowed in the current fabric. The two threads of the warp that form a pair work together as a warp that constitutes a complete design on the upper side on the surface of the upper side. This also applies to the underside of the fabric.

Conventional Example 1 Fig. 21 is a design diagram showing a repeating unit of a fabric of Conventional Example 1. Figs. 22a and 22B with cross-sectional views showing a pair of warps 1 and a pair of ligatures warps 2 of the design diagram of Fig. 21 respectively. This fabric is a 20-axis bilayer fabric that has ligation warp pairs arranged in a ratio of 2/10. In this fabric, the wefts on the upper side and the wefts on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 1: 1.

In the design diagram of Fig. 21, indicated with the numbers 2 and 7 are the 'warp ligature pairs each composed of two warp ligature yarns, those indicated with the numbers 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10 are warp pairs composed of a warp on the upper side and a warp on the lower side. The surface on 1 lower side has a warp design, which is a 6 / 1-2 / 1 design where a warp on the lower side passes over six wefts on the underside, below a weft on the underside, over two frames on the bottom side and below a screen on the bottom side. To improve wear resistance, a design is used for the surface on the underside in which a weft on the underside passes over two warps on the underside and then passes under eight wefts on the underside. Although a long weft fold is formed on the underside in this fabric, it is impossible to employ the same design for warp-bonding threads that pair because it is bilaterally symmetrical relative to a knuckle on the underside formed when passing under a weft on the bottom side. Although one of the warp ligature threads has a bilaterally symmetrical design, the other does not have a bilaterally symmetrical design. As a result, the knuckles formed when the warp binding yarns pass over a weft on the upper side have different heights and also different printing depths at the intersection between two warp ligature yarns, giving rise to a fabric with markings. In particular, depths of printing at intersections provide paper with marks.

As is well known in Fig. 22B which is a cross-sectional view of conventional example 1 taken along the warp, the warp yarns of warp 2A and 2B of pair 2 are not relatively symmetrically bilateral to the knuckle on the warp. bottom side formed by passing the warps under a weft on the underside. The warp yarn of warp 2A has a design that passes under the weft on the upper side l, on 2'u, below 3'u, and on 4'u, it advances towards the lower side, it passes under the weft on the lower side 8'd, it advances towards the upper side, and it passes over the frame in the upper side 10 'u. In other words, on one side relative to the weft on the lower side 8 'd, the binding of the warp 2A passes between three wefts on the upper side and wefts on the lower side, on the other side, it passes between a weft on the upper side and a pattern on the lower side. Therefore, this design is not bilaterally symmetrical.

The warp yarn of warp 2B also has a design in which it passes under the weft on the lower side l'd, advances towards the upper side, passes over the weft on the upper side 6'u, below the weft. 'uy work 8'uy then go to the bottom side. In other words, on a side relative to the weft on the underside l'd, the binding yarn of the warp 2B passes between four wefts on the upper side and wefts on the lower side, on the other side, passes between two wefts. wefts on the upper side and wefts on the lower side. Therefore, this design is not bilaterally symmetrical. Because the warp threads of warp 2A and 2B do not have the same design, they are different in knuckle height and print depth at the intersection.

The fabric of Conventional Example 1 has a surface on the upper side so it is not expected to have an excellent surface property with few marks. The examples based on the aforementioned discoveries will be examined.

Example 1 Fig. 1 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of a fabric of Example 1 of the present invention. Figs. 2A and 2B include views of the cross sections of the warp pair 1 and the warp tie pair 2 shown in the design diagram of Fig. 1 along the lines 2A-2A and 2B-2B respectively. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 of the frame pair 1 'shown in the design diagram of Fig. 1 and has a frame on the upper side and a frame in the bottom side stacked vertically. The fabric is a 16-axis bilayer fabric that has ligation warp pairs arranged in a ratio of 2/8. Its surface design on the upper side and surface design on the lower side are each composed of two different designs from each other and the wefts on the upper side and the wefts on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 3: 2.

In the design diagram of Fig. 1, indicated with the numbers from 2 to 6 are warp pairs of ligature each composed of two warp ligature yarns, indicated with the numbers 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 are warp pairs each composed of a warp on the upper side and a warp on the lower side. The tie warp pairs for weaving the upper and lower layers are arranged in a ratio of 2/8. A sufficient bond strength can be achieved with that ratio in the array.

One of the warp ligature yarns forming a pair is woven with a weft on the upper side to form the surface design on the upper side, the other warp ligature yarn is woven with at least one weft in the warp bottom side to form the surface design on the bottom side. In other words, in the part where one of the warp's binding threads forms the surface design on the underside, the other warp's binding yarn forms the surface design on the upper side and in the part where one of the warp ligature threads form the surface design on the upper side, the other warp ligature thread forms the surface design on the underside. In this way, two warp ligature yarns complement each other to form the surface design on the upper side and the surface design on the lower side.

The surface on the underside has two different warp designs. The warps 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 on the underside each have a design of 4 / 1-2 / 1 in which each of the warps passes over four frames on the underside, below one weft on the underside, on two wefts on the underside and below a weft on the underside, wefts 2 and 6 each have a 3/1 design in which they pass over three wefts on the underside and underneath of a plot on the bottom side and it repeats. The warps 2 and 6 are pairs of ligatures warps. By forming a pair, it works like a warp on the underside and forms the design similar to another one of warps on the underside. The wefts on the underside "each have a design in which they pass over two warps on the underside which are contiguous with each other and then pass under six successive warps on the underside to form a long crease pattern on the surface The fabric has excellent resistance to wear due to the use of a design to form long fold patterns on the underside.The wefts on the underside are each knitted with two warps contiguous with each other on the underside so that the resulting fabric has improved stiffness and furthermore, the long crease protruding from the lower side increases the volume of wear resistance so that the fabric can have excellent wear resistance.

Two different warp designs are placed alternately on the surface on the upper side. The warps 1, 3, 5 and 7 on the upper side each have a repeating 1/1 design, in which it passes over a weft on the upper side and below a weft on the upper side. As mentioned above in the surface design on the underside, the warps 2 and 6 are warp pairs of ligation, but similar to the other warps on the upper side, they work and form the design as a warp on the upper side .

In the present example, the warp ligature yarns forming a pair have respective designs different from each other. According to the cross-sectional view of the warp yarn of warp 2 in Fig. 2B, the warp ligature yarn 2? it has a design in which it passes under the frames on the upper side l'u and 2'u, passes over the frames in the upper layer 3'u and 4'u, advances towards the lower side, passes under the frame in the lower side 7'd, advances towards the upper side, and passes over the frames on the upper side 11 'u and 12' u. On the other hand, the ligature thread of the warp 2B has a design in which it passes under the weft on the lower side l'd, advances towards the upper side, passes over the wefts on the upper side 7'uy 8 ' u and then moves to the bottom side. They are different designs, but when used in combination, a 2/2 design is formed on the surface of the upper side and a 3/1 design is formed on the surface on the underside. The threads of the warp 2? and 2B are each relatively symmetrically bilaterally to the knuckle on the underside. Because the frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 3: 2, they are not completely symmetrical. Due to the design of the fabric, the weft on the underside 7'd sometimes approaches the side of the weft 8'd and the design becomes considerably symmetrical. By adopting this bilaterally symmetrical design for the warp ligature yarns that form a pair, the depth of the printing at the intersection of the warp ligature yarns forming a pair can be made uniform. Specifically described, a part of the warp binding wire 2A pulls the wefts on the lower side 3'uy 4'u towards the lower part and a part pulls the wefts on the upper side 11 'uy 12' u towards the underside They are equal in height. Because the binding thread of warp 2B also has a bilateral symmetrical design relative to the knuckle on the underside, a part of it pulls the wefts on the upper side 7'uy 8'u towards the lower side and a part of the pulls the wefts on the upper side 7'uy 8'u of the next cycle towards the lower side become equal in height. As a result, a printing depth appears at the intersection of the warp yarns of the warp 2A and 2B between the wefts 4'u and 5'u and the wefts 9'u and 10 'u and the resulting fabric can have an excellent surface uniformity as a complete fabric.

By alternating the binding warp pair between two pairs of warps, wear on the underside of the warp ligature yarn having a relatively smaller diameter can be reduced. The warps forming the surface on the underside are a warp on the underside and a warp ligature yarn and two warps on the underside adjacent to each other pass under the same weft on the underside. In the design diagram of this example, there are two knuckles on the underside in which the warp on the bottom side and the warp ligature thread pass under a weft on the underside. When a machine comes into contact with the surface on the underside, a wide warp of the lower surface does not wear easily even when it is in contact with the machine or roller because it has a larger diameter. When the diameter of the warp ligature yarn is greater than it, the resulting fabric sometimes becomes unusable because the knuckle on the lower side of the warp ligature yarn comes into contact with the machine or the roller and the warp ligature yarn wears. In the design of this example in which a warp ligature yarn and a warp on the underside, adjacent to a portion where the warp ligature thread passes under a weft on the underside, passes under the weft. same weft on the lower side, on the other hand, the warp ligature yarn having a smaller diameter does not wear out before that "the warp on the underside having a larger diameter due to the protrusion of the warp on the side As a result, the use of the fabric is not altered by the breaking of a warp ligature thread.

Specifically described, in a part where the warp yarn of the warp 2A passes under the weft on the underside 7'd as shown in Fig. 1 with "o", the warp yarn of the warp 2A exists in the surface on the underside closest to a roller so it wears easily when rubbed with the roller. The warp on the lower side 3, adjacent to the warp thread of the warp 2, however has a design in which it passes under the same weft on the lower side 7'd (as shown in Fig. 1 with "·") To form a knuckle at the bottom so that the warp ligature yarn 2A and the warp on the underside 3 adjacent to each other have a pattern passing under the weft on the underside 7'd. Because the protrusion of the warp yarn 2a has a smaller diameter, is smaller than the warp on the lower side 3, the warp ligature yarn 2a of a smaller diameter does not wear easily. Therefore a fabric has an excellent resistance to wear by having a pair of ligature warp placed between warp pairs.

It is preferable that on the surface on the underside, two adjacent warps weave a weft on the underside from the underside, where the weft on the underside forms a long pleat weft corresponding to a plurality of warps on the underside. surface on the underside; and each of all the warps constituting the surface on the underside form zigzag arrangements on approaching warps on the right and left sides contiguously alternately on a part where a weft is woven on the underside from the underside.

The term "zigzag arrangement" means a structure in which a warp on the underside forms a knuckle below a weft on the underside below which a warp on the right side contiguous to it on the underside also forms a knot. nidillo and then form a knuckle under a weft on the underside below which a warp on the left side contiguous to it on the underside forms a knuckle, thus approaching alternately to the warp on the right side and to the warp on the underside. The left side. By means of the zigzag arrangement, the resulting fabric has an improvement in stiffness in the diagonal direction and has an overlapped part and a non-overlapped part of a warp on the upper side and a warp on the lower side. Because random sized meshes or shapes can be formed, gradual dehydration can be carried out, making it possible to prevent the generation of dehydration marks, the adhesion of a raw material sheet in a wire mesh or decrease in fibers or Filled with wire meshes.

For example, the warp on the lower side Ib, simultaneously with the ligature thread of the warp 2B contiguous to it on the right side, forms a knuckle below the weft on the lower side l'd and then forms, simultaneously with the warp on the bottom side 8 adjoining the warp on the bottom side Ib on the left side, another knuckle below the weft on the bottom side 8'd. This brings the warp on the lower side Ib to the right side of the intersection with the weft on the lower side l'd and to the left of the intersection with the weft on the lower side 8'd. On the surface on the upper side, different from the warps on the lower side, the warps on the upper side and the warp ligatures on the upper side do not have a zigzag arrangement so the upper warps and lower overlap in some parts and do not overlap in some parts. The holes that penetrate from the upper side to the lower side do not have a uniform shape, making it possible to partially prevent rapid dehydration. Only the warps on the lower side 1 and 3 were described so far, but other warps on the lower side and warp ligature yarns also adopt similar zigzag arrangements so that all the resulting fabric can be equipped with similar characteristics.

Example 2 Fig. 4 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of a fabric of Example 2 of the present invention. Figs. 5A and 5B include views of the cross section along lines 5A-5A and 5B-5B in warp pair 1 and tie warp pair 2 shown in the design diagram of Fig. 4. in Example 1, two warp designs form the surface design on the upper side. Each of the warps 1, 3, 5, and 7 on the upper side have a 1/1 design, and each of the warps 2, 4, 6 and 8 on the upper side have a 2/2 design. In this Example 2, on the other hand, the warps 1, 3, 5 and 7 on the upper side have a 2/2 design, and each of the warps 2, 4, 6 or 8 have a 1/1 design. In the present example 2, therefore, the ligation warp pairs have a 1/1 design on the surface on the upper side. The other conditions are similar to those of Example 1.

The fabric of the present Example has two warp designs different from each other on the surface on the underside. Each of the warps 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 on the lower side have a 4 / 1-2 / 1 design in which it passes over four wefts on the underside, below a weft on the side lower, on two wefts on the lower side and below a weft on the lower side. Each of the warps 2 and 6 on the underside have a 3/1 design in which they pass over three wefts on the underside and below a weft on the underside and are repeated. Each of the frames on the underside has a design in which they pass over two warps on the underside adjacent to each other and then pass under six successive warps on the underside to form a long fold pattern on the surface at the bottom. lower side.

In this example, the warp ligature threads that form a pair have the same design. Referring to the cross-sectional view of the warp yarn pair of warp 2 of Fig. 5B, the warp yarn of warp 2A passes over the weft on the upper side l'u, below weft 2 ' uy on the frame 3'u, advances towards the lower side, passes under the weft on the lower side 7'd, advances towards the upper side, and passes over the weft on the upper side 11 'u and below the weft 12 ' or. The binding thread of the warp 2B has a design in which it passes under the weft on the lower side l'd, advances towards the upper side, passes over the weft on the upper side 5'u, below the weft 6 'u, on the frame 7'u, below the frame 8'uy on the frame 9'u, and then advances towards the lower side. They form three knuckles that pass over a weft on the upper side and then pass under a weft on the lower side, thus forming the same design. When used in combination they form a 1/1 design on the upper side and a 3/1 design on the surface on the lower side. The threads of the warp 2? and 2B have a bilateral symmetrical design relative to the knuckle on the underside. The frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 3: 2 so they are not completely symmetrical bilaterally. Due to the design of the fabric, the fabric on the underside 7'd sometimes moves to the side of the weft 8'd so that the warp threads of the warp 2A and 2B have a substantially symmetrical design. The depths of the printing at the intersections of the warp ligature threads that form a pair can be uniform by adopting the same bilateral symmetrical design for them.

Example 3 Fig. 6 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of a fabric of Example 3 according to the present invention. Figs. 7A, 7B and 7C includes views of the cross section of warp pair 1 and warp pairs of warp 2 and 7 shown in the design diagram of Fig. 6 along the lines of 7a-7a, 7B- 7B and 7C-7C. The fabric is a 16-axis bilayer fabric that has the warp pairs of ligature in a ratio of 2/8. It has two different warp designs for the surface design on the underside, and the wefts on the upper side and the wefts on the lower side are arranged in a 1: 1 ratio.

In this design diagram of Fig. 6, the warp tie pairs are indicated with the numbers 2 and 6, each composed of two warp ligatures, those indicated with the numbers 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 are pairs of warps, each one composed of a warp on the upper side and a warp on the lower side. To weave the upper and lower layers, the tie warp pairs are arranged in a ratio of 2/8.

The fabric of this Example has two different warp designs as a surface design on the underside, that is, a 3 / 1-4 / 1-3 / 1-2 / 1 design in which each of the warps 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 on the lower side pass over three wefts on the lower side, below a weft on the lower side, on four wefts on the lower side, below a weft on the lower side, on three wefts on the underside, below a weft on the underside, on two wefts on the underside and below a weft on the underside, and the repetition e a pattern in which wefts 2 and 6 on the underside each one passes over three frames on the bottom side and below a screen on the bottom side. A web on the underside passes over two warps on the underside, contiguous with each other, and then passes under six successive warps on the underside to form a large fold web on the surface on the underside. The design of the surface on the upper side is a 1/1 design in which it passes over a weft on the upper side and then below a weft on the lower side and repeats.

In this Example, warps 2 and 6 form a warp binding pair but have different designs, which can be understood by the cross-sectional views of the warp threads of warps 2 and 6 in Figs. 7B and 7C respectively. The warp yarn of the warp 2 a has a design in which it passes under the weft on the upper side l'u and on the 2'u, advances towards the lower side, passes under the weft on the lower side 5 'd, advances towards the upper side, passes over the weft on the upper side 8'u, below the 9'uy on the 10' u, advances towards the lower side, passes under the weft on the lower side 13 ' d, advances to the upper side, and passes over the frame on the upper side 16 'u. The warp thread of the warp 2B has a design in which it passes under the weft on the lower side l'd, advances towards the upper side, passes over the 4'u, below the 5'uy on the 6 ' u, advances towards the lower side, passes under the weft on the lower side 9'd, advances towards the upper side, passes over the weft on the suppressor side 12 'u, below the 13' u and about 14 'u, and advances to the bottom side. This suggests that the warp ligation threads 2? and 2B have the same design. The warp yarns of the warp 2a and 2B together form a design of 1/1 on the surface on the upper side and a design of 3/1 on the surface on the lower side.

The warp thread of the warp 6a has a design in which it passes under the weft on the lower side 4'd, passes between the wefts on the upper side 5'u, 6'uy 7 'u and the wefts on the side lower 5'd, 6'd, and 7'd, it passes under the weft on the lower side 8'd, advances towards the upper side, and passes over the weft on the upper side 10 'u, below the 'u, on the 12' u, under 1 13 'u, on the 14' u, below the 15 'u and on the 16' u, the ligature thread of the warp 6B has a design in which it passes under of the plot on the upper side l'u, on the 2'u, below the 3'u, on the 4'u, below the 5'u, on the 6'u, below the 7'uy on the 8'u, advances towards the lower side, passes under the weft on the lower side 12 'd, passes between the wefts on the upper side 13' u, 14 'u and 15' u and the wefts on the lower side 13 ' d, 14 'd, and 15d, and then passes below the frame on the underside 16' d. This suggests that the warp threads of warp 6A and 6B have the same design. The ligature threads of the warp 6A and 6B together form a design l &; l on the surface on the upper side and a 3/1 design on the surface on the lower side. The warp yarns of warp 2A, 2B, 6A and 6B each have a bilateral symmetrical design relative to a nest on the underside. The depths of printing at the intersection of the warp ligature yarns forming a pair can be uniform by adopting a bilateral symmetrical design.

In this Example, two pairs of warp ligature yarns have different designs to each other respectively, but a 1/1 design is formed on the surface on the upper side and a 3/1 design is formed on the surface on the lower side .

Example 4 Fig. 8 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of a fabric of Example 4 according to the present invention. Figs. 9A and 9B include views of the cross section of the warp pair 1 and pair of ligature yarn of the warp 2 shown in the design diagram of Fig. 8 along the lines 9a-9a respectively. This fabric is a 20-axis bilayer fabric with the warp ligation pair placed in a 5/10 ratio. This fabric has, on the surface on the underside, two different warp designs. The frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 2: 1.

In the diagram of Fig. 8, indicated with the numbers 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 are pairs of warps composed of a warp on the upper side and a warp on the lower side, indicated with the numbers 2, 4 , 6, 8 and 10 there are pairs of ligative warp having two warp ligature yarns.

This fabric has, on the surface on the underside, two different warp designs, that is, a 2 / 1-6 / 1 design in which the warp 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 on the underside passes each one on two wefts on the bottom side, below a weft on the bottom side, on six wefts on the bottom side and a weft on the bottom side and a 4/1 pattern on which wefts 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 on the underside each passes over four frames on the underside and passes under a weft on the underside. The wefts on the underside each have a design in which they pass over two warps on the underside adjacent to each other, and then pass under eight successive warps on the underside to form a long crease pattern on the surface at the bottom. lower side.

This fabric has, on the surface on the upper side, a 1 / 1-1 / 2 design in which it passes over a weft on the upper side, below a weft on the upper side, on a weft on the upper side and under two frames on the upper side and it repeats.

In this Example, the two warp ligature yarns having the same design form a pair. By using these two warp ligature yarns in combination it is possible to form a 1 / 1-1 / 2 design on the surface on the upper side and a 4/1 design on the surface on the lower side. The warp yarns of the warp 2 a and 2B each have a bilateral symmetrical design relative to a knuckle on the underside and furthermore, these two yarns have the same design. The printing depths at the intersections of the warp ligature yarns and the knuckle heights can be uniform by using the same bilateral symmetrical design for the warp ligature yarns as to form a pair.

Example 5 Fig. 10 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 5 according to the present invention. Figs. 11A and 11B include views of the cross-section showing the warp pair 1 and the warp pair of ligature 2 shown in the design diagram 10 respectively.

This fabric has two different warp designs on the surface on the underside. The warps 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 on the underside each have a design of 2 / 1-6 / 1 in which they pass over two wefts on the underside, below a weft on the underside, on six webs on the bottom side and one web on the bottom side, the warps 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 on the bottom side have a 4/1 design in which they pass over four webs on the bottom side and below a plot on the bottom side and it repeats. The wefts on the underside each have a design in which they pass over two warps on the underside adjacent to each other, and then pass under eight successive warps on the underside to form a long crease pattern on the surface at the bottom. lower side.

The fabric has, on the surface on the upper side, a 2/3 design in which it passes over two wefts on the upper side and below three wefts on the upper side and repeats.

In this Example, the two warp ligatures that form a pair have the same design. By using these two warp ligatures in combination it is possible to form a 2/3 design on the surface on the upper side and a 4/1 design on the surface on the lower side. The warp yarns of warp 2A and 2B have a bilateral symmetrical design relative to a knuckle on the underside and these two yarns have the same design. The printing depths at the intersections of the warp ligature yarns can be uniform by employing warp ligature yarns having a bilateral symmetrical design. As in this Example, by employing a bilateral symmetrical design relative to a nest on the underside it is possible to form a fabric with excellent uniformity in its entirety because the knuckles of the warp ligature yarns have the same height and depths of impression Are they uniform at the intersection of the warp 2 warp threads? and 2B.

Example 6 Fig. 12 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 6 according to the present invention. Figs. 13A, 13B and 13C include views of the cross section, of warp pair 1, warp pair of ligature 2 and warp pair 3 shown in the diagram of Fig. 12 along lines 13A-13A, 13B- 13B and 13C-13C respectively. Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along the weft V shown in the diagram of Fig. 12 along the line 14-14 and having a weft on the upper side and a weft on the weft. the bottom side stacked vertically. This fabric is a 16-axis bilayer fabric that has warp tie pairs placed in a 4/8 ratio. It has three different warp designs on the surface on the upper side. The wefts on the upper side and the wefts on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 3: 2.

The fabrics of Examples 1 to 5 have two warp designs on the underside, but the fabric of this Example has three warp designs on the underside. What this fabric has in common with the examples described above is that the warp ligature yarn can be bilaterally symmetric relative to a knuckle on the underside. The printing depths appear at the intersections of the warp ligature yarns forming a uniform pair so that the resulting fabric has, in its entirety, an excellent surface uniformity. The examples described above and the current example are different in the number of designs of the warp, but there is no difference in their basic concepts. The current example is also an example that is covered in the field of rights.

In the design diagram of Fig. 12, indicated with the numbers 2, 4, 6 and 8 are warp ligature pairs composed of two warp ligature threads, those indicated with the numbers 1, 3, 5 and 7 are warp pairs composed of a warp on the upper side and a warp on the lower side.

This fabric has three different warp designs on the surface on the underside. The warps 1 and 5 on the underside each have a 5 / 1-1 / 1 design in which they pass over five wefts on the underside, below a weft on the underside, on a weft on the underside and under a weft on the bottom side; the warps 2, 4, 6 and 8 on the underside each have a 3/1 design in which they pass over three wefts on the underside and below a weft on the underside and are repeated; warps 3 and 7 on the underside each have a 4 / 1-2 / 1 design in which they pass over four wefts on the underside, below a weft on the underside, over two wefts on the underside and below a frame on the bottom side. The warps 2, 4, 6 or 8 are warp tie pairs. By using two warp ligatures as a pair, they work like a warp on the underside similar to other warps on the underside and form the aforementioned designs.

Each of the webs on the underside has a design that passes over two warps on the underside adjacent to each other and then below six successive warps on the underside to form a large fold web on the underside. By employing a design in which a large fold pattern is formed on the surface on the underside, the resulting fabric has excellent wear resistance. In addition, a weft on the underside is woven from the underside with two adjoining warps so that the resulting fabric improves its stiffness. Simultaneously, a long fold protrudes from the surface on the underside and increases the volume of wear resistance so that the resulting fabric has excellent wear resistance.

The two different warp designs are placed alternately on the surface on the upper side. Each of the warps 1, 3, 5 or 7 on the upper side forms a 1/1 design in which it passes over a weft on the upper side and below a weft on the upper side and repeats. Each of the warps 2, 4, 6 or 8 on the lower side forms a 2/2 design in which they pass over two wefts on the upper side and below two wefts on the upper side and are repeated. As in the design of the surface on the underside, the warps 2, 4, 6 or 8 are warp tie pairs. By using two warps of ligatures as a pair, they work and form the design described above as a warp on the upper side similar to other warps on the upper side.

In this example, each of the warp ligature yarns forming a pair has different designs respectively. Referring to the cross-sectional view of the pair of ligature yarn of warp 2 in Fig. 13, the warp ligature yarn 2a has a design in which it passes under the wefts on the upper side and 2'u, passes over the frames on the upper side 3'u and 4'u, advances to the lower side, passes under the frame on the lower side 7'd, advances towards the upper side and passes over the frames in the upper side 11 'uy 12' u, the ligature thread of the warp 2B has a design in which it passes under the weft on the lower side l'd, advances towards the upper side, passes over the wefts on the side superior 7'uy 8'uy advances towards the lower side. Although their designs are different, when used in combination, a 2/2 design is formed on the surface on the upper side, and a 3/1 design is formed on the surface on the underside. The two ligating strands 2A and 2B have a bilateral symmetrical design relative to a knuckle on the underside. The wefts on the upper side and the wefts on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 3: 2, so their design is not completely symmetrical. The weft on the lower side 7'd sometimes moves towards the side of the weft 8'd due to the design of the fabric so it is considerably symmetrical. By employing a bilaterally symmetrical design for the warp-binding threads that form a pair, it is possible to make the knuckle height on the surface on the upper side and the depths of the printing uniform at the intersections of these ligature threads. warp.

Example 7 Fig. 15 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of a fabric of Example 7 according to the present invention. Figs. 16A, 17B and 16C include views of the cross section of the warp 1, 2, and 3 warp pairs shown in the design diagram of Fig. 15 along the lines 16A-16A, 16B-16B and 16C-16C respectively. The fabric has two warp designs on the surface on the upper side. A 1/1 design and 2/2 design are alternately placed for the warps on the upper side. The fabric of this example has excellent ligation strength because all of the warp pairs are warp pairs of ligation.

The fabric of this Example has three different warp designs on the surface on the underside. Each of the warps 1 and 5 on the underside have a 5 / 1-1 / 1 design in which they pass over five wefts on the underside, they pass under a weft on the underside, pass over a weft on the underside and pass under a weft on the underside. Each of the warps 2, 4, 6 and 8 on the underside have a 3/1 design in which they pass over three frames on the underside and below a weft on the underside and are repeated. The warps 3 and 7 on the underside have a 4 / 1-2 / 1 design in which they pass over four wefts on the underside, below "a weft on the underside, on two wefts on the underside and Under a weft on the underside, Warp 1 to 8 are warp tie pairs, and by using two warps as a pair, they work and form the aforementioned design as a warp on the underside similar to other wefts in the bottom side As mentioned in this example, it is not essential to weave a warp on the bottom side only with a weft on the bottom side and a warp on the top side to weave it with a weft on the top side.

Each of the frames on the underside has a design in which they pass over two warps on the underside, contiguous with each other, and then pass under six successive warps on the underside to form a long crease weft on the side lower.

In this example, the warp ligature yarns have a bilateral symmetrical design relative to a knuckle on the underside. At the same time, the warp ligature threads that form a pair have the same design. By employing the same bilaterally symmetrical design for the warp ligature yarns that form a pair, the knuckle height on the surface on the upper side and the printing depths at the intersections of these warp ligature yarns can be uniforms As a result, the resulting fabric has, in its entirety, excellent uniformity.

Example 8 Fig. 17 is a design diagram of a fabric of Example 8 according to the present invention. Figs. 18A, 18B 18C and 18D include views of the cross section of the warp pairs 1 and 3 and tie warp pairs 2 and 6 shown in the design diagram of Fig. 17 along the lines 18A-18A, 18B-18B, 18C-18C and 18D-18D respectively. The fabric is a 16-axis bilayer fabric that has the tie warp pairs placed in a ratio of 2/8. It has three different warp designs on the surface on the underside. The frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 1: 1.

In the design diagram of Fig. 17, indicated with the numbers 2 and 6 are the warp pairs of ligature composed of two warp ligature threads, the numbers 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 indicate warp pairs composed of a warp on the upper side and a warp on the lower side. The warp ligature pairs for weaving the upper and lower layers are arranged in a ratio of 2/8.

The fabric has three different warp designs on the surface on the underside. Each of the warps 1 and 5 on the lower side have a design of 3 / 1-5 / 1-3 / 1-1 / 1 in which they pass over three wefts on the underside, below a weft on the side bottom, on five frames on the bottom side, below a screen on the bottom side, on three frames on the bottom side, below a screen on the bottom side, on a screen on the bottom side, and below a screen on the lower side; each of the warps 2, 4, 6 and 8 on the underside have a 3/1 design in which they pass over three wefts on the underside and below a weft on the underside and are repeated; and each of the warps 3 or 7 on the bottom side has a 3 / 1-2 / 1-3 / 1-4 / 1 design in which it passes over three wefts on the underside, below a weft on the side bottom, on two webs on the bottom side, below a web on the bottom side, on three webs on the bottom side, below a web on the bottom side, on four webs on the bottom side, and below a web on the bottom side. Each of the frames on the underside has a pattern in which it passes over two warps on the underside, adjacent to each other, and then under six successive warps on the underside to form a long crease pattern on the underside .

The fabric has, on the surface "on the upper side, a 1/1 design that passes over a weft on the upper side and below a weft on the upper side and repeats." Warp 2 is a pair of weft warp , but is similar to other warps on the upper side, works and forms a design like a warp on the upper side.

In this example, warps 2 and 6 are pairs of ligatures warps. The warps 2 and 6 are different designs from each other, which can be understood by the cross-sectional views of the warp ligatures 2 and 6 in Fig. 18. The warp 2A warp yarn has a design in which it passes under the plot on the upper side l'u, passes over 2'u, advances towards the lower side, passes under the weft on the lower side 5'd, advances towards the upper side, passes over the weft on the upper side 8'u, passes underneath 9 ' u, passes over the 10 ', advances towards the lower side, passes under the weft on the lower side 13' d, advances towards the upper side, and passes over the weft on the upper side 16 ', the ligating thread of the warp 2B has a design in which it passes under the weft on the lower side l'd, advances towards the upper side, passes over the 4'u, passes under the 5'u, passes over the 6'u, it advances towards the lower side, passes under the weft on the lower side 9'd, advances towards the upper side, passes over the weft on the upper side 12 'u, passes under the 13' u, passes over the 14 ' uy moves to the bottom side. This suggests that the warp yarns of warp 2A and 2B have the same design. The warp yarns of the warp 2A and 2B together form a 1/1 design on the surface on the upper side and a 3/1 design on the surface on the lower side.

The warp ligature yarn has a design in which it passes under the weft on the lower side 4'd, passes between the wefts on the upper side 5'u, 6'uy 7'u and the wefts on the underside 5'd, 6'd and 7'd, passes under the weft on the lower side 8'd, advances towards the upper side, passes over the weft on the upper side 10'u, passes under the ll'u, passes over the 12'u, passes under the 13 'u, passes over the 14' u, passes under the 15 'u, and passes over the 16' u, the ligature thread of the warp 6B has a design in which passes under the plot on the upper side l'u, passes over 2'u, passes under the 3'u, passes over the 4'u, passes under the 5'u, passes over the 6'u, passes under the 7'u, passes over 8'u, advances towards the lower side, passes under the weft on the lower side 12 'd, passes between the wefts on the upper side 13' u, 1 'u and 15' u and the frames on the lower side 13 'd, 14' d and 15 'd and then passes below the weft on the lower side 16' d. This suggests that the warp threads of warp 6A and 7B have the same design. The warp threads of the warp 6A and 6B together form a 1 / a design on the surface on the upper side and a 3/1 design on the surface on the underside.

In this Example, the warp ligature threads that form a pair have the same design or mirror image design. When using two yarns in combination, the 1/1 design and the 3/1 design are formed on the surface on the upper side and on the surface on the lower side, respectively. Each of the warp-binding threads 2A and 2B forms a bilateral symmetrical design relative to a knuckle on the underside The warp-binding threads 6A and 6B form a mirror image design obtained by reversing the direction The heights of the intersection between these warp ligature yarns are the same.When using a bilateral symmetrical design or mirror image design for the warp ligature yarns that form a pair, the depths of the the intersections of the warp ligature threads forming a pair may be uniform.

Example 9 i Fig. 19 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 9 according to the present invention. Figs. 20A, 20B, 20C and 20D include views of the cross section of warp pair 1, warp pair of ligature 2 and warp pair 3 shown in the design diagram of Fig. 19 along lines 20A-20A , 20B-20B, 20C-20C and 20D-20D. The fabric has two warp designs to form the design of the surface on the upper side. The warps 1, 3, 5 and 7 on the upper side have a 2/2 design, the warps 2, 4, 6 and 8 on the upper side have a 1/1 design. The ligature warp pairs form a 1/1 design on the upper side. The frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 2: 1.

The fabric has three different warp designs on the surface on the underside. Each of the warps 1 and 5 on the lower side have a design of 3 / 1-5 / 1-3 / 1-1 / 1 in which they pass over three wefts on the underside, below a weft on the side bottom, on five webs on the bottom side, below a web on the bottom side, on a web on the bottom side and below a web on the bottom side; each of the warps 2, 4, 6 and 8 on the underside have a 3/1 design in which they pass over three wefts on the underside and below a weft on the underside and are repeated; each of the warps 3 and 7 have a design of 3 / 1-2 / 1-3 / 1-4 / 1 in which they pass over three wefts on the underside, below a weft on the underside, on two wefts on the underside, below a weft on the underside, on three wefts on the underside, below a weft on the underside, on four wefts on the underside and below a weft on the underside. Each of the frames on the underside has a design in which they pass over two warps on the underside, contiguous with each other, and pass under six successive warps on the underside to form a long crease pattern on the surface at the bottom side.

The fabric has two different warp designs placed alternately on the surface on the upper side. Each of the warps 1, 3, 5 and 7 on the upper side have a design in which they pass over two wefts on the upper side and below two wefts on the upper side and are repeated and each of the warps 2, 4, 6 and 8 on the upper side have a 1/1 design in which they pass over a weft on the upper side and below a weft on the upper side and repeat.

In this Example, the warp ligature threads that form a pair have the same design. When used in combination, the 1/1 and 3/1 designs are formed on the surface on the upper side and on the surface on the lower side, respectively. Also, when using the same design for the warp ligature yarns 2? and 2B, the depths of the printing of the intersections between the warp ligature yarns forming a pair can be uniform.

The industrial bilayer fabric according to the present invention does not easily transfer the wire mesh marks from the fabric to the paper, has sufficient wear resistance, stiffness, fiber holding property, paper production performance, drainage property of water, stability of size and stability during handling allowing preferential use even in severe environmental conditions, and can be used for a long time while providing good conditions necessary for papermaking even in the final stage of production.

Although only some exemplary embodiments of this invention have been described in detail, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate the many modifications that are possible in the exemplary embodiments without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of this invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all modifications be included within the scope of this invention.

Claims (1)

1. CLAIMS An industrial bilayer fabric comprising a surface on the upper side and a surface on the lower side, the fabric also consists of pairs of warps that are obtained by vertically stacking a warp on the upper side to be woven with a weft on the side upper and a warp on the underside to be woven with a weft on the underside; where at least one of the pairs is a pair of ligatures warps composed of two warp ligature yarns to be woven with a weft of the upper side and a weft of the lower side to constitute a part of a weft design of the weft. upper side of the surface on the upper side and a part of the design of the surface on the lower side of the surface of the lower side; and where the surface of the bottom side is formed by weaving the warp ligature yarns and the warps on the underside with the wefts on the underside, the design of the surface on the underside consists of two or three warp designs of surface on the underside different from each other and a weft design in which, in a repeated unit, the weft on the underside passes over two adjoining warps which are the two warps on the underside or the warps on the underside and the warp ligature yarn, and then passes under a plurality of warps forming the surface on the underside, where they form a long fold on the surface on the underside. The industrial bilayer fabric according to claim 1, wherein the warp binding yarns of the warp pair appear alternately on the surface on the upper side and are respectively woven with the wefts on the upper side, which are different from each other. if, to function together as a warp constituting the design of the surface on the upper side, on the surface on the lower side, the warp ligature yarns of the warp pairs of ligature appear alternately on the surface on the side lower and are woven respectively with the frames on the lower side, which are different from each other. The bilayer industry fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, under a first place where a first ligature yarn of the warp of the tie warp pair is woven with one of the wefts on the upper side, a second yarn of the warp of the warp pair of ligature is woven with at least one of the wefts on the lower side, up at a second location where the first warp ligature yarn is woven with at least one of the wefts on the warp. lower side, the second warp ligature yarn is woven with one of the wefts on the upper side; where the first and second warp ligature yarns complement each other to form a warp design of surface on the upper and lower side formed by the warp pair on the upper side and the warp on the lower side. The industrial bilayer fabric according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein each of the warp ligature yarns has a design of warp ligature yarn, which is bilaterally symmetric relative to one or two knuckles in the warp. bottom side, each formed by passing the ligature thread of the warp under one or two of the wefts on the bottom side and, the design of the warp ligature thread on the surface on the underside is obtained by means of of the warp ligature thread passing under one or two wefts on the underside and passing over one or more wefts on the underside. The industrial bilayer fabric according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein each of the warp ligature yarns of the warp pair has a design of warp ligature yarn, where the designs of ligature yarn of the warp of the warp pair of ligature are identical or mirror image. The industrial bilayer fabric according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein, the repeated unit, the surface on the bottom side formed together by the tie warp pair has a warp design of 3/1 in which each of the ligating threads of the warp of the binding warp pair passes over three wefts on the lower side and then passes under a weft on the lower side alternately; and a weft pattern on the underside constituting the surface on the underside is that in which each of the wefts on the underside passes over two warps of the surface on the underside and then passes under six successive warps of the surface on the bottom side. The industrial bilayer fabric according to claim 6, wherein, in the repeated unit, the two different warp designs on the surface on the underside consist of a 4 / 1-2 / 1 design, in which the warp passes over four frames on the underside, passes under a weft on the underside, passes over two wefts on the underside and passes under a weft on the underside, and a 3/1 design, in which the warp passes over three frames on the underside and passing under a weft on the underside, a weft pattern is one in which the weft on the underside passes over two successive warps on the surface on the underside and then passes underneath. six successive warps, on the surface on the underside. The industrial bilayer fabric according to claim 6, wherein, in the repeated unit, the three different warp designs on the surface on the underside consist of a 4 / 1-2 / 1 design, in which the warp passes on four frames on the underside, it passes under a weft on the underside, passes over two wefts on the underside and passes under a weft on the underside, a 3/1 design, in which the warp passes over three wefts on the underside and passes under a weft on the underside, and a 5 / 1-1 / 1 design, in which the warp passes over five wefts on the underside, passes under a weft on the underside, passes over a weft on the underside and passes under a weft on the underside, a weft pattern is that in which the weft on the underside passes over two successive warps on the surface on the side below and then passes under six successive warps on the surface on the lower side or. The industrial bilayer fabric according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein, in the repeated unit, the warp design on the bottom side formed together with the warp pair of ligature is a 4/1 design in which the warp passes over four wefts on the underside and then passes below weft on the underside, the weft pattern on the underside forming the surface on the underside is that in which the weft on the underside passes over two successive warps in the warps on the underside and then passes under eight successive warps on the surface on the underside. The industrial bilayer fabric according to claim 9, wherein the two different warp designs on the surface on the underside are a 6 / 1-2 / 1 design, in which the warp passes over six wefts on the underside, it passes under a weft on the underside, passes over two wefts on the underside and passes under a weft on the underside, and a 4/1 pattern, in which the warp passes over four wefts on the underside and passes under a weft on the underside, the weft pattern is that in which the weft on the underside passes over two successive warps on the surface on the underside and then passes under eight successive warps on the surface at the bottom. lower side. The bilayer industry fabric according to any of claims 1 to 10, wherein the binding warp pair is interspersed between the warp pairs. The bilayer industry fabric according to any of claims 1 to 11, wherein on the surface on the underside, two contiguous warps together weave the weft on the underside from the underside, where the weft on the underside forms a weft. a long crease pattern corresponding to a plurality of warp on the surface on the underside, and where each of all the warps forming the surface on the underside form a zigzag arrangement while a first warp approaches a second warp which is arranges contiguous to one side of the first warp when the first and second warps are woven to the first warp on the underside from the underside, and the first warp approaches the third warp that is arranged adjacent to the other side of the first warp. warp when the first and third warps are woven to the second weft on the underside from the underside, alternately. The bilayer industry fabric according to any of claims 1 to 12, wherein the design of the upper surface that is formed by weaving the warp ligature yarns and the warps on the upper side with the wefts on the upper side is composed of a single warp design. The bilayer industry fabric according to any of claims 1 to 12, wherein the surface design on the upper side that is formed by weaving the warp ligature yarns and the warps on the upper side with the wefts on the upper side it is obtained by alternately placing two warp designs different from each other.