MXPA01004848A - Compositions and methods for controlling insects - Google Patents

Abstract

Compositions and methods for controlling the population of insects are disclosed. The compositions include a feeding stimulant for a particular insect, an effective amount of a 1-arylpyrazole or nicotinyl insecticide to kill a desired insect, at a concentration which is not typicallytoxic when applied to a plant in the absence of a feeding stimulant and the insect consumes an ordinary amount of toxin during the course of normal feeding, but is toxic when applied in conjunction with a feeding stimulant which causes the insect to consume more of the toxin than would normally be consumed during normal feeding. The use of normally non-toxic amounts of insecticides allows one to minimize the residual insecticide present on the crops. Also, by using a selective feeding stimulant along with a normally non-lethal concentration of insecticide, beneficial insects which are not attracted to the feeding stimulant are not effectively killed off, and detrimental insects which are attracted to the feeding stimulant are effectively killed off.

Description

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR INSECT CONTROL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention describes a method of controlling insects in a place and an insecticidal composition. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Cultures grown on farms such as cotton, corn and rice commonly use insecticides to control the population of harmful insects, and to minimize damage caused by insects. Insecticides are often applied to the soil to kill larvae, or sprayed on plants to kill adult insects. Farmers need to use insecticides to grow enough crops to feed the population that increases with the ever decreasing amount of available farmland. However, although the price of the food will increase significantly, and the food will undoubtedly become insufficient without the use of insecticides, there is opposition to the widespread use of insecticides due to the real problems and those that have been perceived in No. Ref. 129397 relation to the detrimental effects for the environment and for health. These problems include the contamination of groundwater and the actual or perceived toxicity of food products containing insecticide residues. Efforts have been made to increase the effectiveness and selectivity of the insecticidal compositions. One method which has been developed involves combining insecticides with bait formulations, typically including insect attractants such as pheromones. In theory, less insecticide is used, and over a narrower area, because insects are attracted to a specific place. These attractants are more or less effective in their attractiveness, and help with the insecticide's selectivity of preference towards the harmful insects instead of the beneficial insects. However, one limitation of this methodology or approach is that the attractant power of the attractant is generally insufficient for unconfined areas such as crop fields. It will be advantageous to provide compositions and methods which can decrease the residues in the crops, and which can be applied to the crops rather than in unconfined areas. For reasons of health as well as marketing reasons, there remains a desire to provide insecticidal compositions and methods of using them that provide even less residue than the most effective insecticides to date. The present invention provides such compositions and methods. PCT Publication WO 99/09821, published after the priority date of the present application, provides a description of an insecticidal composition comprising a venom and a food stimulant in an aqueous solution, wherein said venom and said food stimulant are present. in effective amounts for the control of Diabroticite insects. This publication describes that the poison requires to be soluble in water such that the venom can be distributed in the area intended for the treatment and to provide a more appetizing food to the insects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The compositions and methods for controlling a population of insects in a culture site are described. The compositions include a food stimulant (also known as a taste stimulant) for the insect to be controlled, a 1-arylpyrazole and / or nicotinyl insecticide and optionally but preferably an adherent, such as a thixotropic agent and / or a carrier. . The composition of the invention is advantageously non-solid, preferably liquid or gel-like. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The compositions and methods for controlling a population of insects in a culture site are described. The compositions include a food stimulant (also known as taste stimulant) for the insect to be controlled, a 1-arylpyrazole and / or nicotinyl insecticide and optionally but preferably an adherent, such as a thixotropic agent and / or a carrier. The composition of the invention is advantageously non-solid, preferably liquid or gel-like. Viscous compositions are preferred so that they can remain for extended periods of time. Thixotropic or pseudoplastic compositions are more preferred so that they can be applied in a uniform manner and remain on the sheets subsequently. In general, the viscosity of the composition is between about 10 and 20,000 centipoise, preferably between about 500 and 12,000 centipoise. The viscosities are Brookfield viscosities measured with a viscometer in the form of a rotating flat palate at 20 turns per minute. The composition typically includes between 0.1 and 40% preferably between about 2 and 20% by weight of a food stimulant, and an insecticide in the range of 0.0001 to 40%, preferably 0.1 to 5%, more preferably 0.1 to 0.25% in weight of the composition. The concentration of the components in the composition is controlled to provide an insecticide concentration when applied to the growing sites, for example, by aerial application. Useful concentrations of insecticide are typically less than 10 grams / hectare (g / ha), preferably less than 5 g / ha, and more preferably, between 10 and 100 gm / ha. The ratio of the food stimulant to the insecticide in the composition is between 150,000: 1 to 10: 1, preferably approximately 40,000: 1. In one embodiment, the concentration of the food stimulant in the composition is between about 10 and 150 g / liter, preferably between about 40 and 60 g / liter, and more preferably about 50 g / liter. The concentration of the insecticide in the composition is between about 1 mg and 1 g / liter, preferably between about 1 mg and 500 mg / liter, and more preferably, 1 mg and 10 mg / liter. The composition is applied to the culture site at a concentration of between about 5 and 15, more preferably between about 8 and 12, and more preferably, between about 9 and 11 liters / ha, which provides the crop with the necessary levels of food stimulant and insecticide. The insecticide is applied in a concentration which is not typically toxic when applied to a plant in the absence of food stimulant and the insect consumes an ordinary amount of toxin during the course of normal feeding, but is toxic when applied in conjunction with a food stimulant which causes the insect to consume more of the toxin that can normally be consumed during normal feeding. The normal use of non-toxic amounts of insecticide allows one to minimize the residual insecticide present in the crop. Also by using a selective food stimulant together with a non-lethal concentration of insecticide, the beneficial insects which are not attracted to the food stimulant are not effectively exterminated, and the harmful insects which are attracted to the food stimulant are effectively exterminated. DEFINITIONS The following definitions are provided below to better describe the subject matter claimed. As used herein, the alkyl radicals and the alkyl portions of haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, alkylamino and dialkylamino radicals may have up to seven carbon atoms but are preferably lower alkyl, that is preferably each having from one to four carbon atoms. In the case of the dialkylamino radicals, the alkyl portions may be the same or different. As used herein, the term "carrier" means any substance for diluting the insecticide / food stimulant prior to application. I. Compositions A. Food Stimulant The food stimulant is a compound which induces an insect to eat of the composition and preferably to consume an amount of the composition which is on average twice., preferably five times the normal amount of the food eaten during the same period of time by the same insect. As the insecticide is present together with the food stimulant, in at least two of five times the normal amount of the insecticide is consumed by the animal. Many insects are attracted to sweet compounds, such as glucose, fructose, and sucrose, however, insects such as members of Diabrotica spp. (Eg, rootworm beetle) are attracted to bait substances. These substances repel most of the beneficial insects and tend to attract many harmful insects.The suitable food stimulants for the members of Diabrotica spp. include cucurbitacins or sugar derivatives thereof. powdered cucurbitacae plants of the Cucurbita genus, and the Cucurbitacaea family, which generally includes cucumber, squash, courgette, watermelon, and cantaloupe. Specific curcubit varieties include Curcubi ta foetidi ssima, Curcubi ta ecuadorensis, Curcubi ta martenzii, Curcubi ta palmeri, Curcubi ta pedatifolia, Curcubi ta palmata and Curcubi ta okeechobeensis. Decades can be extracted using solvents or prepared by grinding dry plant matter. Effective derivatives of these substances have been prepared, which are selected for their increase in the ability to trap insects, and also which can be designed to be - ¬ ¬ ¬ less soluble in water, therefore helping in the conservation of the substances in the place of cultivation for a long period of time. The curcubitazine E-glycoside is particularly preferred. For horse ants, suitable food stimulants include vegetable oils and other alkanes. The leafhopper ants are attracted with corn oil, a composition that includes corn oil and Fipronil can be applied to a field infested with leafhoppers in a concentration of approximately 20 mg / ha and substantially eliminate all the leafhopper ants in the field. With regard to leaf ants, other vegetable oils, such as palm oil, coconut oil, sesame oil, peanut oil and the like, may be used in place of corn oil. By the term "substantially eliminated" is meant more than 80 percent, preferably more than 90 percent, and more preferably, more than 95 percent of the ants in the field. The methods and compositions described herein are effective for the control of leaf ants, are generally effective for the control of both single and multiple queen colonies, the latter being a colony particularly difficult to control with ordinary insecticides. B. 1-arylpyrazole The 1-arylpyrazole insecticides are known to those skilled in the art. The insecticides of 1-arylpyrazoles or nicotinil are those which may be normally effective for the particular insect to be controlled in concentrations of between about 10 and 500 g / ha without the addition of food stimulant, and which are effective at lower concentrations of 10 g / ha, preferably less than 5 g / ha, and, more preferably, between about 10 and 950 mg / ha when combined with the food stimulant. Those skilled in the art are either well aware of the effective concentration of the various 1-aryl insecticides to kill a desired pest, or this type of information can actually be determined by using no more than routine experimentation.

The insecticides of 1-arylpyrazoles are substantially insoluble in water or slightly soluble in water. By the term substantially insoluble is meant that 1-arylpyrazole has a maximum solubility in water of 0.1 to 300 parts per million by weight (ppm) in water at 25 ° C, preferably from 0.5 to 150 ppm, more preferably from 1 to 70 , more preferably from 1 to 10. In another embodiment, in addition to obtain a suitable formulation of the composition according to the invention, it is generally preferred to include a carrier which will assist the incorporation of 1-arylpyrazole into the composition. Suitable carriers for the composition of the invention are described below. In another embodiment, the log of P for a 1-arylpyrazole insecticide for use in the present invention is from 1.0 to 6, the measurement is made by the HPLC or vibration method of the flask, these methods are known to the skilled worker . Preferably, the 1-arylpyrazole has the following formula: wherein: Ri is CN, C (S) NH2, or methyl; R2 is S (0) nR3; R3 is alkyl or haloalkyl; R4 is H, halo, or a radical selected from -NR5Re C (0) OR7, -S (0) mR7, alkyl, haloalkyl, -0R8, or -N = C (R9) (Rio); R5 and R6 are independently H, alkyl, haloalkyl, -C (O) alkyl, or -S (0) r-CF3; or R5 and Re together form a divalent radical which can be interrupted by one or more heteroatoms; R7 is alkyl or haloalkyl; R8 is H, alkyl, or haloalkyl; R9 is H, or alkyl; Rio is phenyl or heteroaryl, optionally substituted with one or more functional groups selected from hydroxy, halo, -O-alkyl, -S-alkyl, cyano, alkyl or combinations thereof; X is N or the radical C-R? 2; R n and R 2 are, independently, H or halo. Ri3 is halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, -S (0) qCF3 or -SF5; m, n, q, r are independently 0, 1 or 2; with the proviso that when Ri is methyl, R3 is haloalkyl, R4 is NH2, Rn is Cl, R3 is CF3, and X is N. The alkyl and alkoxy groups of the formula (I) are preferably the lower alkyl groups and alkoxy, that is, the radicals having from one to four carbon atoms. The haloalkyl and haloalkoxy groups also preferably have from one to four carbon atoms. The haloalkyl and haloalkoxy groups may carry one or more halogen atoms; Preferred groups of this type include -CF3 and -0CF3-. Preferably, the 1-arylpyrazole has the following substitution: Ri is CN; and / or R 4 is -NR 5 R 6; and / or R5 and Re are independently H, alkyl; haloalkyl, -C (O) alkyl, or -C (0) OR; and / or X is C-R? 2; and / or R 3 is halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or -SF 5, The most preferred 1-arylpyrazole is 5-amino-3-cyano-1- (2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl) -4-trifluoromethylsulfinylpyrazole (Fipronil). The compounds of formula (I) can be prepared using techniques known to those of skill in the art, including, for example, the processes described in International Patent Publications No. WO 87/03781, WO 93/06089 and WO 94. / 21606, as well as in European Patent Publication Nos. 0295117, 0403300, 0385809, and 0679650, German Patent Publications 19511269 and U.S. Patent Nos. 5,232,940 and 5,236,938. C nicotonil insecticide. The nicotonil insecticides are known to those skilled in the art, and are commonly known as agonists or antagonists of acetylcholine receptors. Suitable nicotinil insecticides are those that normally can be effective for the particular insect to be controlled at concentrations between about 10 and 500 g / ha without the addition of the food stimulant, and which are effective at concentrations less than 10 g / ha, preferably less than 5 g / ha, and more preferably, between about 10 and 950 mg / ha when combined with the food stimulant. Those skilled in the art are each well aware of the effective concentration of nicotinyl insecticide variety to kill a desired pest, or this type of information can quickly be determined by using no more than routine experimentation. The use of N125 is specifically eliminated from the claimed material. This elimination is not done for reasons of prior art. Examples of nicotinergic acetylcholine receptor agonists and antagonists are those described in European Patent Applications Nos. 464,830; 428,941; 425,978; 386.565 383.091; 375.907; 364,844; 315,826; 259,738; 254,859 235,725; 212,600; 192,060; 163,855; 154.178; 136,686 303,570; 302,833; 306,696; 189,972; 455,000; 135,956 471,372, and 302,389; German applications Nos. 3,639,877; 3,712,307; Japanese applications Nos. 03,220,176; 02,207,083; 63,307,857; 63,287,764; 03,246,283; 03,279,359; and 03,255,072; US Patents nos. 5,034,524; 4,948,789; 4,918,086; 5,039,686; and 5,034,404; PCT applications Nos. WO 91/17659 and 91/4965; The French application 2,611,114; and the Brazilian application 88 03 621; which have the efficacy described above. These compounds are described as a group having the name of nitromethylenes and related compounds. These compounds can preferably be described by the general structure (II): (ID wherein: R is optionally substituted hydrogen, acyl, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroarylalkyl; A is a monofunctional group selected from H, acyl, alkyl, aryl or bifunctional groups attached to the Z remnant; E is a remnant of electron attraction; X 'is a remnant or residue -CH = o = N- where the remnant -CH = may be attached instead of an atom of H to the remnant Z; Z is a monofunctional group selected from alkyl, -OR, -SR, N (R) 2 or bifunctional groups which are attached to the A remnant or the X remnant. Preferably, the compounds of the formula II have the following substitutions: R is H or the optionally substituted residues or residues selected from acyl, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl or heteroarylalkyl. Suitable acyl remnants include formyl, alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, and (alkyl-) (aryl-) phosphoryl, which can be replaced again. Suitable alkyls are Ci-Cio alkyl, in particular C 1 -C alkyl, specifically methyl, alkyl, i-propyl, sec- or t-butyl, which in turn can be substituted. Suitable aryls include phenyl and naphthyl, more preferably, phenyl. Suitable aralkyls include phenylmethyl and phenethyl. Suitable heteroaryls include heteroaryls having above 10 rings of atoms and N, O, S, in particular, N, as the heteroatoms. Examples include thiophenyl, furyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyridyl, and benzothiazolyl. Suitable heteroarylalkyl include heteroarylmethyl, heteroarylethyl having above 6 rings of atoms and N, O, S, in particular N, as heteroatoms. Preferably, the alkyl groups have between 1 and 4, more preferably between 1 and 2 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, n- and i-propyl and n-, i- and t-butyl. The alkoxy groups preferably have between 1 and 4, more preferably between 1 and 2 carbon atoms, such as methoxy, ethoxy, n- and i-propyloxy, and n-, i- and t-butyloxy. The alkylthios preferably have between 1 and 4, more preferably between 1 and 2 carbon atoms, such as methylthio, ethylthio, n- and i-propylthio and n-, i- and t-butylthio. The haloalkyls preferably have between 1 and 4, more preferably between 1 and 2 carbon atoms, and preferably between 1 and 5, more preferably, between 1 and 3 halogen atoms, wherein the halogen atoms are the same or different, and preferably they are fluorine, chlorine or bromine, more preferably fluorine. An example of a preferred haloalkyl group is trifluoromethyl. Optional substituents include hydroxy, halo, preferably fluorine, chlorine, or bromine, cyano, nitro, amino; monoalkyl and dialkylaminos preferably having between 1 and 4, more preferably between 1 and 2 carbon atoms per alkyl group, for example, methylamino, ethylamino, n-e-propylamino and methyl-n-butylamino; carboxyl; carbalcoxy, preferably having between 2 and 4, more preferably between 2 and 3 carbon atoms, such as carbomethoxy and carboethoxy; sulfo (-S03H); alkylsulfonyl, preferably having between 1 and 4, more preferably between 1 and 2 carbon atoms, such as methylsulfonyl and ethylsulfonyl; arylsulfonyl preferably having from 6 to 10 aryl carbon atoms, such as phenylsulfonyl, and heteroarylamino and heteroarylalkylamino such as chloropyridylamino and chloropyridylmethylamino. A is H or optionally substituted substituents selected from acyl, alkyl, or aryl, which preferably have the meanings according to the above. A is also placed by a bifunctional group. Typical examples are optionally substituted alkyl groups having between 1 and 4, more preferably between 1 and 2 carbon atoms. A and Z, together with the atoms to which they are attached, can form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring. The heterocyclic ring may contain one or two identical or different heteroatoms and / or hetero groups. Preferably the heteroatoms are oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen; typical hetero groups are N-alkyl, wherein the alkyl of the N-alkyl group preferably contains between 1 and 4, more preferably between 1 and 2 carbon atoms. Typical alkyls are methyl, ethyl, n- and i-propyl and n-, i- and t-butyl. The heterocyclic rings contain between 5 and 7, preferably five or six ring members. Examples of suitable heterocyclic rings include pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, hexamethyleneimine, morpholine, and N-methylpiperazine. E is a remnant or attractant residue of an electron, in particular N02, CN, haloalkyl carbonyl as well as 1, 5-halogen-C? -C4-carbonyl, in particular C (0) CF3. X is -CH = or -N =. Z is a substituted residue optionally selected from alkyl, -OR, -SR, or -NRR, wherein R and the substituents have the meanings according to the above. Z can form a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring at the position of X together with the atom to which they are attached and the remnant. The heterocyclic ring may contain one or two additional identical or different heteroatoms and / or heter groups. The heteroatoms are preferably oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen, and the hetero groups are N-alkyl, wherein the alkyl or N-alkyl group preferably contains between 1 and 4, more preferably between 1 and 2 carbon atoms. Preferred alkyls are methyl, ethyl, n- and i-propyl, and n-, i- and t-butyl. The heterocyclic rings contain between 5 and 7, preferably between 5 or 6 ring members. Suitable examples of the heterocyclic rings include pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, hexamethylenediamine, morpholine, and N-methylpiperazine. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists and antagonists are preferably compounds having the following structure: R (A) where R e s n e s 1 or 2, Substituents indicate one of the substituents listed above, preferably, halogen, more preferably, chlorine. and A, Z, X and E have the meanings according to the above. Specifically, the following compounds are cited The preferred agonists and antagonists especially of the nicotinergic acetylcholine receptors having the structures: In particular the compound that has the structure The most preferred compounds of this class are imidaclopride and thiomethoxam.

Another class of insecticidal active ingredients that can be used in the present invention is the carbamate insecticides, preferably those which are substantially insoluble in water. By the term substantially insoluble in water is meant that 1-arylpyrazole has a maximum solubility in water of 0.1 to 300 parts per million by weight (ppm) in water at 25 ° C, preferably from 0.5 to 150 ppm. In another embodiment, in addition to obtaining an adequate formulation of the composition according to the invention, it is generally preferred to include a carrier which will assist in the incorporation of 1-arylpyrazole into the composition. Suitable carriers for the composition of the invention are described below. In another way, the log of P is from 1.0 to 6 for carbamates suitable for use in the present invention is from 1.0 to 6, the measurement is made by the HPLC method or by the flask vibration methods, these methods are well known by those skilled workers.

Examples of the carbamates suitable for the use of the present invention include carbaryl, and bendiocarb. D. Adhering. Adherent materials which cause the insecticidal composition to adhere to the culture once it is administered, and remains for an extended period of time without being constantly washed by water. Suitable tackifiers include polymers such as polybutadienes and copolymers thereof, ie, polybutadiene / styrene copolymers, as well as thixotropic agents. Adherents are commercially available with different viscosities, which are suitable for different applications. For example, the location of use, the type of crop being treated, the temperature and time of use, and the climatic conditions at the growing sites, are examples of the factors which must be taken into consideration when select an appropriate adherent Other gumming or adherents include: latex, poly-1-p-mind and an alkyl glycerol-phthalic resin; Guar gum - Agro DR2000; Xanthan gum, polyacrylic acid (Exacto Politex); and vegetable starches. Thixotropic agents are materials which are solid or gel-like when not subjected to mechanical stress, but which liquefy upon exposure to mechanical stress. These may be preferred when the composition is administered in a manner which induces mechanical stress, for example by aerial application. When the aerial application is performed, the mechanical stress is used to form droplets of appropriate size of the composition that induces sufficient mechanical stress to liquefy the composition. The contact of the drops with the culture can also liquefy the composition. However, in the absence of mechanical stress, the composition re-gels or re-solidifies, and therefore adheres to the culture. Suitable thixotropic agents are known to those skilled in the art, and are described, for example, in Canadian Patent No. 2066405. Because the food stimulants and the insecticide can both be soluble in water, the presence of a thixotropic agent to provide the compositions with the ability to remain in the culture to which they will be applied for a sufficient period of time to effectively kill the significant percentage of the insect population. E. Carrier The composition is preferably in the form of a gel, a dispersion, an emulsion, or solution, which optionally incorporates various humidifying, dispersing, emulsifying or gelling agents, such as thixotropic agents. Humidifying, dispersing and emulsifying agents include sulphuricinoleates, quaternary ammonium derivatives or products based on condensates of ethylene oxide with nonyl- and octylphenol, or esters of the carboxylic acid of anhydrosorbitols which have been soluble dissolved by etherification of the free hydroxy groups by condensation with ethylene oxide, or mixtures of these types of agents. Humidifying agent powders can be treated with water immediately before use to provide suspensions ready for application.

These gels, emulsions, suspensions, dispersions and / or solutions can be prepared using aqueous, organic or organic-aqueous diluents, for example acetophenone, isophorone, toluene, xylene, vegetable or animal oils, and water-soluble polymers (and mixtures thereof). diluents), which may contain a humidifying, dispersing or emulsifying agents of the ionic or non-ionic types or mixtures thereof, for example those of the types described above. When desired, the emulsions containing the food stimulant and the insecticide can be used in the form of self-emulsifying concentrates containing the active substance dissolved in emulsifying agents or in solvents containing emulsifying agents compatible with the active substance, the simple adding water to said concentrates produces ready-to-use compositions. The compositions are preferably present as a liquid concentrate, or as gel-like materials, which are capable of being applied via aerial application equipment. Liquid compositions include water-miscible concentrates, emulsifying concentrates, flowable suspensions, and humidifiers or soluble powders, although the materials are preferably in the form of a thixotropic gel. The compositions can be used in the form of aerosols and aqueous or non-aqueous solutions or dispersions suitable for low- or ultra-low volume spraying, fogging and spraying. F. Optional components. The compositions may include as additives optional additives such as adjuvants, carriers, wetting agents, surfactants, dispersants, coloring material, thixotropic agents, and preferably gumming agents or adhesives or glues. The compositions may also optionally include stabilizing substances, other insecticides, acaricides, plant nematocides, antimicrobials or anticoccidials, fungicides (agriculture or veterinary as appropriate for example benomyl, iprodione), bactericides, and various insect repellent attractants or pheromones. These can be designed to improve power, persistence, security, understanding where desired, spectrum of controlled insects or to enable the composition to perform other useful functions in the same treated area. II. Insects that can be controlled. The compositions and methods described herein are effective for the elimination or substantial reduction of the population of a wide variety of insects, for example, they include adults, larvae and eggs of Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), for example Heliothis spp. such as Heliotis virescens (young tobacco worm), heliothis armioera and Heliotis zea, Spodoptera spp. such as S. exempta, S. littoralis (Egyptian cotton worm), S. eridania (southern soldier worm), Mamestra configurata (bertha soldier worm); Earias spp, for example E. Insulana (Egyptian ball worm), Pectinophora spp. for example Pectinophora gossypiella (pink ball worm), Ostrinia spp. such as O. Nubilalis (xylophagous insect of the European corn), Trichoplusia ni (caterpillar of the cabbage), Pieris spp. (cabbage worms), Laphyqma (soldiers worms), Agrotis and Amathes spp, (nocturnal caterpillars), Wiseanan spp. (porina moth), Chilo spp. (rice stem weevil), Typoryza spp., and Diatraea spp. (rice weevil and sugarcane weevil), Sparganothis pilleriana (grape seed moth), Cydia pomonella (apple moth), Archips spp. (tortrix moth of fruit trees), Plutella xylostella (devil loin moth); against adults and larvae of Coleoptera (beetles), for example, Hypothenemus hampei (coffee bean weevil), Hylesinus spp. (bark beetle), Anthonomus grandis (cotton weevil), Acalymma spp. (Cucumber beetle), Lema spp., Psylliodes spp., Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Colorado potato beetle), Diabrotica spp. (corn rootworm), Gonocephalum spp. (False wire worms), Agriotes spp., (wire worms), Dermolepida and Heteronychus spp. (white larvae), Phaedon cochleariae (mustard beetle), Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus (rice water weevil), Melioethes spp. (pollen beetles), Ceutorhynchus spp. Rhynchophorus and Cosmopolites spp. (root weevil); against Hemiptera for example, Psylla spp. Bermisia spp. Trialeurodes spp. Aphis spp. Myzus spp. Megoura viciae, Phylloxera spp, Adelges spp. Phorodon hu uli (plum hop louse) Aeneolamia spp. Nephotettix spp. (rice leaf lobsters), Empoasca spp. Nilaparvata spp. Perkinsiella spp. Pyrilla spp. Aonidiella spp. (red scale), Coccus spp., Pseococcus spp. Helopeltis spp. (mosquito bug), Lygus spp. Dysdercus spp., Oxycarenus spp. Nezara spp .; Hymenoptera for example, Athalia spp. and Cephus spp. (saw flies), Atta spp. (leaf cutting ants); Diptera for example Hyle yia spp. (root flies) Atherigona spp. Chlorops spp. (flying flies), Phytomyza spp. (leaf miners), Ceratitis spp. (fruit flies); Thysanoptera such as Thrips tabaci; Orthoptera such as Locusta and Schistocerca spp. (lobster) and Crickets for example Gryllus spp. and Acheta spp .; Collembola, for example Sminthurus spp. and Onychiurus spp. (Thysanura), Isoptera for example Odontotermes spp. (termites), Dermaptera for example Forticula spp (earwigs) and also other arthropods of agricultural significance such as Acari (ticks) for example Tetranychus spp., Panonychus spp. and Bryobia spp. (spider ticks), Eriophyesspp. (gall ticks) Polyphacotarsonemus spp .; Blaniulus spp. (millipedes), Scutigerella spp. (simfilidis), Oniscus spp. (cochineal) and Triops spp. (crustacea). The food stimulants for these insects are each known or can be determined by no more than routine experimentation. The specific insects which are currently problematic in maize, cotton, and rice crops, as well as fire ants, which are problematic throughout the city, will be discussed in more detail below. A. Diabrotica An example of the pest which can be controlled using the compositions and methods described in this invention includes corn pests and destroying plants, generally beetles, especially Diabrotica class pests, more particularly Diabrotica virgifera, Diabrotica undecimpunctata undecimpunctata, Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi, Diarbrotica balteata, Diabrotica decolor, Diabrotica duodecimpunctata, Diabrotica longicornis, Diabrotica vittata. The control method is especially preferred for controlling adult pests. B. Leaf Ants Leaf ants are commonly found in the United States as well as around the world. Their bite is harmful to humans, they cause pain to those bitten by them. Currently, it is believed that there are no generally effective means to eradicate the leafhopper ants of a domestic place or a place of cultivation. Typical methods by the experts in ant trunks include spraying a liquid insecticide composition directly on a pile of ants or by the use of their bites. These methods tend to. reduce, but not eliminate effectively, the anthill population. In contrast, the method according to the present invention will effectively control the leafhopper ants at an application rate of less than 2 grams per hectare, preferably 10 to 950 mg / ha when combined with the food stimulant. The insecticidal active ingredient is preferably a 1-arylpyrazole insecticide.

C Cotton Weevils Cotton weevils are the main insect responsible for damaged cotton crops. Cotton weevil infestations are often treated by establishing bait traps that include Grandlure, the pheromone of the cotton weevil. The grandlure may also optionally be used in connection with the compositions and methods described herein. III. Application methods. Methods for controlling insects in one location involves administering the composition to a culture site at a concentration at which the insecticide alone is not toxic to the insect during normal feeding throughout the entire culture site when the insects are not otherwise attracted to the insecticide, but it is toxic by virtue of the food stimulant, which causes the insect to select and eat an effective amount of insecticide from the insecticide, even at extremely low doses in which they are applied. Preferred methods of application of the composition include spraying, more preferably air spraying. The preferred droplet size is between 20 and 1000 microns, preferably between 30 and 800 microns, and, more preferably, about 500 microns. Other methods known to those skilled in the art can be used, but are less preferred. The compositions and methods described herein are of particular value in the protection of the field, foliage, planting, orchard and vineyard crops, ornamentals and planting of forest trees, for example, cereals (such as corn, wheat, rice, sorghum), cotton, tobacco, vegetables and greens (such as beans, cabbage, cucumbers, lettuce, onions, tomatoes and pepper), fields of crops (such as potatoes, sugar beet, peanuts, soybeans, turnip seed oil) ), sugar cane, grassland and fodder (such as corn, sorghum, alfalfa), plantations (such as tea, coffee, cocoa, banana, palm oil, coconut, rubber, spices), orchards and groves (such as stone fruits and seeds, citrus fruits, kiwi fruit, avocado, mango, olives and nuts), vineyards, ornamental plants, flowers and shrubs under glass and in gardens and parks, green trees (both deciduous and evergreen) in forests, plantations and nurseries. For the control of the insects described here, in particular, insects of the Diabrotica class, army ants, cotton weevil and rice water weevil, the active compound is generally applied to the place where the infestation is controlled in a proportion from 10 mg to 10 g, preferably from 10 mg to 5 g, more preferably from 0.5 to 5 grams of the active compound per hectare of the treated site. Under ideal conditions, depending on the plague to be controlled, the low proportion can offer adequate protection. On the other hand, adverse weather conditions, pest resistance and other factors may require that the active ingredient be used in high proportions. The present compositions employed and their application rate will be selected to carry out the desired effects by the farmer, the pest control operator or another person skilled in the art. For the control of Diabrotica, the composition is advantageously administered in a non-solid form, for example, as foliar spray, powder, mist and / or foams, and is preferably able to remain on the leaves during the pupa conversion time and reproduction of an insect. A preferred method for applying the compositions is by aerial application. The aerial application methods are known to those skilled in the art. When the crop is treated where it has leaves, the composition is preferably applied to the leaves of the crop or covering the leaves. For control of leaf ants, the composition is advantageously administered in a solid form, particularly a granule that can be spread or applied as a discrete mound. The composition is preferably administered in a concentration of about 9 liters per acre, to provide an effective concentration of the insecticide and the food stimulant. Alternative methods of application include spraying. The compositions are preferably applied at an optimum time for the particular crop to be treated. Optimal times include when the crop is more susceptible to insect infestation, and also when the insect is more likely to be in a developmental stage where it can be more effectively treated with the insecticide / food stimulant combination. Preferably, for an adequate control of a population of insects that are subjected to conversion to pupa and reproduction, and particularly when a thixotropic agent is used, the compositions remain in the cultures for a significant amount of time, i.e., greater than 10 days, and more preferably, between 15 and 50 days. For this purpose the active ingredient and the components of the compositions are selected so that the efficiency or lethal activity of the composition remains more than 15 days, preferably more than 25 days. Some particular circumstances may provide a duration of activity outside these ranges. The composition can be applied only during the period of time where male pests arise from pupation and are in circulation, however, it is generally preferred to apply the composition when both males and females are present. For certain Diabrotica spp, for example, the rootworm beetle of maize, adults and larvae are both alive at the same time, and are undergoing pupa reproduction and conversion cycles, respectively. To apply the composition around the top of the corn plant, the adults who are present at the growing site are killed. Because adults die, the reproductive cycle of the population is then substantially altered. In this way, the whole population of insects, adults and larvae, can be reduced with the application of an insecticide. In such an application, it is preferred that the composition remain in the culture for at least 50 days, and, more preferably, between 25 and 50 days. For certain crops, for example cotton, insects, for example, the cotton weevil tends to cause the most damage in the fruit production stage (often referred to as square pinch). If the composition is applied to cotton in a time range from the beginning of the fruit production stage to the time of harvest, the composition will be effective in treating the insect infestation completely in a substantial part of the timely growth time. The compositions and methods described herein will be better understood with respect to the following non-limiting examples. Example 1: Control of Diabrotica virgifera in a field of corn. The following conditions apply when a field of one hectare of maize about 1.5 meters high and in the stage of spikelet and maturation is invaded by adults of Diabrotica virgifera, which are a variety of beetles of the corn root. At the start of the invasion, the field is sprayed with a viscous gel formulation which includes about 0.1% Fipronil, an adherent described in Canadian Patent 2066405, as well as about 40% of Cucurbitacin E-glycoside obtained by the extraction of a watermelon. It is sprayed in a dose that provides approximately 0.1 g / ha of Fipronil. The gel adheres to the leaves of the corn plants. After three weeks the population of beetles is reduced by approximately 95%. Example IA A filter paper test is conducted in the following manner: six aqueous compositions of about 7% melon extract, one carrier, and fipronil at 1, 10, 100, 1000 and 10000 ppm are prepared and placed on filter paper . Each composition is tested separately. The adults of western corn rootworms (WCRW) are allowed to feed into the compositions. After 24 and 48 hours the bait tests are read and the mortality percentages are determined. Table 1 shows these results.

EXAMPLE IB: Example 1 is repeated using the following formulation approximately 89.23% water, 0.95% Gelva® (acrylic polymer); 3.0% Mira-Sperse® (starch based on a thickening agent); 6.3% cucurbit melon extract; 0.5% of an antimicrobial agent to prevent soiling; 0.025% fipronil. The formulation is applied to a corn field where there are adult diabrotica beetles; it is found that the proportion of 1.9 g of the active ingredient per acre (about 4.7 g / ha) kills more than 90% of the beetle population after 24 hours. The population is significantly reduced for several weeks after treatment. The description of Examples 1, IA, and IB show that the use of fipronil is significantly better than those previous treatments that use food stimulants of curcubitacin. EXAMPLE IC: Example IB is repeated using approximately 20 grams of carbaryl per hectare in a 2% formulation of the bait. The adult diabrotica beetles are better controlled than in the examples of curcubitacina of the prior art. Example 2: control of leafhopper ants The following conditions are applied to treat a pasture field of approximately 1 hectare in the area which is infested with leafhopper ants (Solenopsis invicta) in multi- and / or only queen colonies, where there are approximately 300 visible mountains A granular bait formulation that includes fipronil, maize oil and corn cob is spread around an area such that the proportion of fipronil is approximately 20 mg / ha. After a month, there is approximately a 90% reduction in the number of army ants. While the invention is described in terms of several preferred embodiments, skilled artisans will appreciate that various modifications, substitutions, omissions and changes can be made without departing from the essence thereof. Accordingly, it is intended that the field of the present invention be limited only by the field of the following claims, which include equivalents thereof.

It is noted that in relation to this date, the best method known to the applicant to carry out the aforementioned invention, is that which is clear from the present description of the invention.

Claims (19)

1. CLAIMS Having described the invention as above, the content of the following claims is claimed as property: 1. A method for the control of insects in a place of cultivation or that may invade a place of cultivation, characterized in that it comprises the application to the place of a composition comprising: a) a food stimulant, and b) an insecticide selected from the insecticides of 1-aryl pyrazoles or nicotinil, and, wherein the insecticide is released in place at a dose rate which is non-lethal to the insects in the absence of a food stimulant but lethal in the presence of a food stimulant.
2. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the insecticide is substantially insoluble in water.
3. 3. The method according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the composition further comprises an adherent.
4. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that 1, the composition is in thixotropic form or in a pseudo-plastic form.
5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composition is applied to a culture site by aerial application.
6. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composition remains in the culture place for a period of time greater than 15 days.
7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the food stimulant induces the insect to consume between 10 and 150 percent of its weight in the body of the composition.
8. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of the insecticide of 1-aryl pyrazoles which is applied to the culture site is 0.01 g / ha at 10 g / ha, preferably 0.5 g / ha at 5 g / ha.
9. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the 1-aryl pyrazole is a compound of the following formula: wherein: Ri is CN, C (S) NH2, or methyl; R2 is S (0) nR3; R3 is alkyl or haloalkyl; R4 is H, halo, or a radical selected from -NR5R6, C (0) 0R7, -S (0) mR7, alkyl, haloalkyl, -OR8, OR -N = C (R9) (Rio) / R5 and Re are independently H, alkyl, haloalkyl, -C (O) alkyl, or -S (0) r-CF3; or R5 and R6 together form a divalent radical which may be interrupted by one or more heteroatoms; R? is alkyl or haloalkyl; R8 is H, alkyl, or haloalkyl; Rg is H or alkyl; Rio is phenyl or heteroaryl, optionally substituted with one or more functional groups selected from hydroxyl, halo, -O-alkyl, -S-alkyl, cyano, alkyl or combinations thereof; X is N or the radical C-R 12 R n and R 2 are independently H or halo. R 13 is halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, -S (0) qCF 3 or -SF 5; m, n, q, r are independently 0, 1 or 2; with the proviso that when Ri is methyl, R3 is haloalkyl, R4 is NH2, Rn is Cl, R3 is CF3, and X is N.
10. 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that Ri is CN; and / or R 4 is -NR 5 R 6; and / or R5 and Re are independently H, alkyl, haloalkyl, -C (O) alkyl, or C (0) OR7; and / or X is C-R? 2; and / or R 13 is halo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or -SF 5.
11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the 1-aryl pyrazole is 5-amino-3-cyano-1- (2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl) -4-trifluoromethylsulfinylpyrazole.
12. 12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insect to be controlled in a member of the Diabrotica class.
13. 13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the food stimulant is a curcubitacin, preferably E-glycoside curcubitacin.
14. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insecticide is effective to provide control of the insect population during a period of time wherein at least a portion of the population is subjected to the conversion of the pupa and the reproduction.
15. 15. A composition for insect control, characterized in that it comprises: a) a food stimulant for the insect to be controlled and b) an insecticide selected from the insecticides of 1-aryl pyrazoles or nicotinil, where the insecticides are normally effective for the control of the insect population when administered in a concentration of between 1 and 100 g / ha in the absence of a food stimulant, and which is effective for controlling the population of the insect population when administered at a concentration of between 10 mg / ha and 10 g / has in conjunction with the food stimulant; and c) a carrier wherein the composition includes between 0.1 and 40% by weight of a food stimulant, and between 0.0001 and 40% by weight of the insecticide.
16. 16. The composition according to claim 15, characterized in that the concentration of the food stimulant is between about 2 and 20% by weight of the composition.
17. The composition according to claim 16, characterized in that the concentration of the insecticide is between about 0.1 to 5% by weight of the composition.
18. 18. The composition according to claim 15, characterized in that the insect population is a population of army ants.
19. 19. The composition according to claim 15, characterized in that the insect population is an adult population of diabrotica. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The compositions and methods for the control of the insect population are described. The compositions include a food stimulant for a particular insect, an effective amount of a 1-arylpyrazole or nicotinyl insecticide to kill a desired insect, at a concentration which is not typically toxic when applied to a plant in the absence of a stimulant and the insect consumes an ordinary amount of toxin during the course of normal feeding, but is toxic when applied in conjunction with a food stimulant which causes the insect to consume more of the toxin than it normally consumes during normal feeding . The use of non-toxic amounts of insecticides allows to minimize the residual insecticide present in the crop. Also, by the use of a food stimulant it allows a non-lethal concentration normally of insecticide, that beneficial insects which are not attacked by the food stimulant are not effectively exterminated, and harmful insects. 6 - which are attacked by the food stimulant are effectively exterminated.