MXPA00006956A - Thermoplastic blends of alpha-olefin/vinylidene aromatic monomer interpolymers with aromatic polyethers - Google Patents
Thermoplastic blends of alpha-olefin/vinylidene aromatic monomer interpolymers with aromatic polyethersInfo
- Publication number
- MXPA00006956A MXPA00006956A MXPA/A/2000/006956A MXPA00006956A MXPA00006956A MX PA00006956 A MXPA00006956 A MX PA00006956A MX PA00006956 A MXPA00006956 A MX PA00006956A MX PA00006956 A MXPA00006956 A MX PA00006956A
- Authority
- MX
- Mexico
- Prior art keywords
- monomer
- aromatic
- vinylidene
- mixture
- component
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 title description 8
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 title description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atoms Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004609 Impact Modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000359 diblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000428 triblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- QHZOMAXECYYXGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)C=C QHZOMAXECYYXGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000008528 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000126 Latex Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims 1
- -1 blow molded articles Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 230000000379 polymerizing Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 50
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 19
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 16
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 13
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229920005669 high impact polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004797 high-impact polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 7
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 6
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 5
- 208000008025 Hordeolum Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-2-propenoic acid methyl ester Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YSRFHVJGXPIDGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].C[SiH2]C Chemical compound [Ti].C[SiH2]C YSRFHVJGXPIDGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920002225 poly(styrene-co-butadiene) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene Substances CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HIDBROSJWZYGSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 HIDBROSJWZYGSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanopropene-1 Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AQZWEFBJYQSQEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyloxaluminane Chemical compound C[Al]1CCCCO1 AQZWEFBJYQSQEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DXIJHCSGLOHNES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dimethylbut-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 DXIJHCSGLOHNES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexene Chemical compound C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHHGLZMJPXIBIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decabromodiphenyl ether Chemical group BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1OC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br WHHGLZMJPXIBIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Maleic anhydride Chemical class O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L MgCl2 Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Norbornene Chemical compound C1C2CCC1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000468 Polystyrene-block-polybutadiene-block-polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OBAJXDYVZBHCGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1B(C=1C(=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=1F)F)C1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F OBAJXDYVZBHCGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-VOTSOKGWSA-N [(E)-2-chloroethenyl]benzene Chemical compound Cl\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-VOTSOKGWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N al2o3 Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000111 anti-oxidant Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-OUBTZVSYSA-N carbon-13 Chemical compound [13C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 2
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane Chemical class CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atoms Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003454 indenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 description 2
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003219 poly( p-phenylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OJOWICOBYCXEKR-KRXBUXKQSA-N (5E)-5-ethylidenebicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical class C1C2C(=C/C)/CC1C=C2 OJOWICOBYCXEKR-KRXBUXKQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XIRPMPKSZHNMST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2-phenylbenzene Chemical class C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 XIRPMPKSZHNMST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UVHXEHGUEKARKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylanthracene Chemical class C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C=C)=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 UVHXEHGUEKARKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-vinylnaphthalene Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(C=C)=CC=CC2=C1 IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SGWZVZZVXOJRAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-Dimethyl-1,4-benzenediol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC(C)=C1O SGWZVZZVXOJRAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTNKAUVVWGYBNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylphenol;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1O QTNKAUVVWGYBNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBDKZWKEPDTENS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Vinylcyclohexene Chemical compound C=CC1CCC=CC1 BBDKZWKEPDTENS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFGOGLKYJXQPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylhept-1-ene Chemical compound CCCC(C)CC=C BFGOGLKYJXQPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XWJMQJGSSGDJSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyloct-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCC(C)CC=C XWJMQJGSSGDJSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMIHGPLIXGGMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC2=C1 OMIHGPLIXGGMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002126 Acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bismuth(III) oxide Chemical compound O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol A Chemical class C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FLFNHHSXSLXYQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L CC1=CC(C(=CC=C2)C=3C=CC=CC=3)=C2C1[Zr](Cl)(Cl)(=[Si](C)C)C1C(C)=CC2=C1C=CC=C2C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(=CC=C2)C=3C=CC=CC=3)=C2C1[Zr](Cl)(Cl)(=[Si](C)C)C1C(C)=CC2=C1C=CC=C2C1=CC=CC=C1 FLFNHHSXSLXYQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heptene Chemical compound CCCCCC=C ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940090034 Ibu Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004726 Luranyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- NFWSQSCIDYBUOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylcyclopentadiene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC1 NFWSQSCIDYBUOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004727 Noryl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001207 Noryl Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphite Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene (PE) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001417495 Serranidae Species 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrabromobisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=C1 VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010068 TiCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWYDDDAMNQQZHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Titanium(II) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ti+2] ZWYDDDAMNQQZHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004731 Ultranyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004733 Xyron Substances 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IVRMZWNICZWHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N azide Chemical compound [N-]=[N+]=[N-] IVRMZWNICZWHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000319 biphenyl-4-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C1=C([H])C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MPMBRWOOISTHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-1-enylbenzene Chemical class CCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MPMBRWOOISTHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleimide Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C=C1 PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002848 norbornenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002868 norbornyl group Chemical group C12(CCC(CC1)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- KHMYONNPZWOTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent-1-enylbenzene Chemical class CCCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHMYONNPZWOTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000707 stereoselective Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001959 vinylidene polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a blend comprising at least one interpolymer produced from polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising from 5 to 65 mole percent of (a) at least one vinylidene aromatic monomer, or (b) a combination of at least one vinylidene aromatic monomer and at least one hindered aliphatic vinylidene monomer, and from 35 to 95 mole percent of at least one aliphatic&agr;-olefin having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;and a composition comprising an aromatic polyether and optionally (a) at least one homopolymer of a vinylidene aromatic monomer, or (b) at least one interpolymer of one or more vinylidene aromatic monomers, or (c) at least one interpolymer of at least one vinylidene aromatic monomer and at least one hindered aliphatic vinylidene monomers, or (d) at least one of (a-c) further comprising an impact modifier, or (e) a combination of any two or more of the aromatic polyether and (a-d). The blend also comprises at least one optional impact modifier and at least one optional processing aid. The blend is useful in the preparation of fabricated articles such as adhesives, films, blow molded articles, and injection molded articles, and is characterized by improved high temperature serviceability.
Description
THERMOPLASTIC MIXTURES OF ALPHA-OLEFINE / VINYLIDENE AROMATHIC MONOMERIC INTERPOLIMERS WITH AROMATIC POLYETERES
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to thermoplastic mixtures of monomeric interpolymers of alpha-olefinically hindered vinylidene and aromatic polyethers, such as poly (2,6-dimethyl-l, 4-phenylene oxide). The components of the mixture and their proportions are selected so as to provide materials with superior performance or processing capacity or both.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The generic type of materials covering monomeric vinylidene, alpha-olefinically hindered, substantially random interpolymers, and including materials such as aromatic monomeric alpha-olefin / vinyl interpolymers, is known in the prior art and offers a variety of material structures and properties that make them useful for various applications, such as compatibilizers for blends of polyethylene and polystyrene in accordance with the disclosure in US Pat. No. 5,460,818.
Although these interpolymers are very useful in their own right, plastic designers, chemists and engineers are constantly searching to improve and expand their application possibilities. There is a need to provide materials based on alpha-olefin / vinylidene aromatic monomeric interpolymers with better performance properties, which will also extend the usefulness of this interesting type of materials. Also, aromatic polyethers such as poly (2,6-dimethyl-l, 4-phenylene oxide), which is commonly known as polyphenylenelinic ether (PPE), are known engineering thermoplastics, which have relatively high softening points. . However, these polymers often suffer from low impact resistance and poor processing capacity. Although polymeric additives such as polystyrene or high impact polystyrenes can be used for the purpose of improving the processing performance of aromatic polyethers, it is often necessary to use other polymers such as styrene / butadiene / styrene block copolymers for achieve the intended performance. In contrast to known practices, the present invention utilizes the unexpected compatibility of aromatic monomeric alpha-olefin / vinylidene interpolymers with aromatic polymers such as, for example, polyphenylenyl ether (PPE), to provide the thermoplastic compositions with improved practical utility. and expanded.
ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a mixture of polymeric materials comprising: (A) from 1 to 99 percent based on the combined weight of the components (A) and (B) of at least one interpolymer produced by the polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising: (1) from 5 to 65 mole percent of (a) at least one vinylidene aromatic monomer, or (b) a combination of at least one vinylidene aromatic monomer and at least one aliphatically hindered vinylidene monomer, and (2) from 35 to 95 mole percent of at least one aliphatic alpha-olefin of 2 to 20 carbon atoms; and (B) from 1 to 99 weight percent based on the combined weight of the components (A) and (B), of a composition comprising: (1) from 1 to 100 weight percent based on the combined weight of the components (Bl) and (B2) of an aromatic polyether; and (2) from 0 to 99 weight percent based on the combined weight of the components (Bl) and (B2) of (a) at least one homopolymer of a vinylidene aromatic monomer, or (b) at least one interpolymer of one or more vinylidene aromatic monomers, or (c) at least one interpolymer of at least one aromatic vinylidene monomer and at least one hindered aliphatic vinylidene monomer, or (d) at least one of the components (Bl) or
(B2) (ac) and further an impact modifier, or (e) a combination of any two or more of the components (Bl) and (B2) (ad), (C) from 0 to 50 weight percent of at least one optional impact modifier; and (D) from 0 to 50 weight percent of at least one optional processing aid. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one interpolymer component (A) is produced by the polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising from 10 to 50 mole percent styrene, from 50 to 90 mole percent ethylene and at least one component selected from the group consisting of propylene, isobutylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-heptene, 1-octene and norborene; the component (B2) is a styrene homopolymer or a copolymer of styrene and butadiene; and the component (C) of impact modifier is at least one linear or chain polymer or copolymer selected from the group consisting of natural rubber; polybutadiene; polyisoprene, random copolymers of a vinyl aromatic monomer and a conjugated diene; diblock and triblock copolymers of a vinyl aromatic monomer and a conjugated diene; hydrogenated and block random copolymers of a vinyl aromatic monomer with conjugated dienes; copolymers of ethylene-acrylic acid and ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymers; and more preferably component (A) is used in an amount of 5 to 50 weight percent, particularly 50 to 95 weight percent based on the combined weight of components (A) and (B); and component (B) is used in an amount of 50 to 95 weight percent, particularly 5 to 50 weight percent, based on the combined weight of components (A) and (B). In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one interpolymer component (A) is produced by the polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising ethylene and styrene; component (Bl) is poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenyl ether), and component (B2) is polystyrene. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least one interpolymer component (A) is produced using a closed geometry catalyst system. If the polymer mixture contains 50 to 99 weight percent of the interpolymer component (A), the invention provides thermoplastic interpolymer compositions which exhibit better thermal performance, while retaining the desired mechanical properties. If the polymer mixture contains from 1 to 50 weight percent of the interpolymer component (A), the invention provides polymeric compositions which possess better strength and processability, while retaining the desired mechanical properties. Another aspect of the present invention relates to those polymeric compositions in the form of a film, or sheet, or as a component of a multilayer structure resulting from calendering, blowing, casting or extruding or co-extruding operations. A further aspect of the present invention relates to those polymer compositions and their usefulness in the form of foams, fibers or emulsions. Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of these polymeric compositions in adhesives, adhesive formulations and adhesive or sealant applications. A further aspect of the present invention relates to injection molded, compressed, extruded or blow molded parts made from these polymeric compositions. As for the interpolymers of the component (A) suitable for the microstructure of the chain or the sequence of comonomers, those include random, alternating or substantially random varieties, the latter including pseudo-random ones. Preferably, the interpolymer of component (A) is an alternating or substantially random interpolymer, and particularly substantially random. If desired, the mixtures of the present invention may be free of any components, compound or substituents that are not specifically listed herein. The mixtures of the present invention may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of any two or more of those interpolymers or polymers listed herein. Likewise, the interpolymers or polymers may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of any one or more of the polymerizable monomer (s) listed herein. The term "interpolymer" is used herein to refer to a polymer in which at least two different monomers are polymerized. That is, the polymer contains a plurality of polymerized monomers of two, three, four, etc. The term "copolymer" as used herein refers to a polymer in which at least two different monomers are polymerized to form the copolymer. Thus, as used herein, there is a splice between the terms "interpolymer" and "copolymer" since both may refer to a polymer comprising, for example, three polymerized monomers. The term "grouper (s)" refers to the polymerized unit of the polymer derived from the indicated monomer (s). The term "monomeric residue" or "residue" refers to the portion of the polymerizable monomeric molecule that resides in the polymer chain as a result of being polymerized with another polymerizable molecule to obtain the polymer chain. Suitable "pseudo-random" interpolymers are described in U.S. Patent US 5, 703, 187. Suitable "alternating" interpolymers are those in which the aliphatic alpha-olefinic monomer (A) and the monomer hindered vinylidene (B) occur in recurrent alternating sequences in the polymer chain in atactic or stereospecific structures (such as isotactic or syndiotactic) or their combinations of general formula (AB) n- Suitable "random" interpolymers are those in which the units monomers are incorporated in the chain, there may be several combinations of order including blocks, wherein either the aliphatic alpha-olefin monomer (A) or the hindered vinylidene monomer (B) or both may be recurrently adjacent to each other. As indicated above, substantially random ethylene / vinyl aromatic interpolymers are especially preferred ethylenic polymers for use in the present invention. Representative substances of substantially random ethylene / vinyl aromatic interpolymers are substantially random ethylene / styrene interpolymers. A substantially random interpolymer comprises in polymerized form i) one or more alpha-olefin monomers; ii) one or more vinyl or vinylidene aromatic monomers, or one or more vinyl or vinylidene monomers, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic, stearically hindered, or both; and optionally iii) other ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable monomer (s). The term "substantially random" in the substantially random interpolymer resulting from the polymerization of i) one or more alpha-olefin monomers; ii) one or more vinyl or vinylidene aromatic monomers, or one or more vinylidene, vinylidene, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic monomers, stearically hindered, or both; and optionally iii) other ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable monomer (s), as used herein, generally means that the distribution of the monomers of said interpolymer can be described by the Bernoulli statistical model or for a first or second order Markovian statistical model, as described by JC Randall in POLYMER SEQUENCE DETERMINATION, Carbon-13 NMR Method, Academic Press New York, 1977, pp. 71-78. Preferably, the substantially random interpolymer resulting from the polymerization of one or more alpha-olefin monomers and one or more vinyl or vinylidene aromatic monomers, and optionally other polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer (s) , does not contain more than 15 percent of the total amount of aromatic vinyl or vinylidene monomer in aromatic vinyl or vinylidene monomer blocks of more than three units. More preferably, the interpolymer is not characterized by a high degree (greater than 50 mole percent) of either isotacticity or syndiotacticity. This means that in the carbon-NMR spectrum "13 of the substantially random interpolymer, the peak areas corresponding to the methylene carbons and the main chain methion representing either meso duo sequences or racemic duet sequences should not exceed 75 percent of the total peak area of the methylene and methine carbons of the main chain The term subsequently used "substantially random interpolymer" implies a substantially random interpolymer produced from the aforementioned monomers. Suitable olefins, which can be used to prepare the substantially random interpolymer, include, for example, alpha-olefin monomers containing from 2 to 20, preferably from 2 to 12, particularly from 2 to 8, carbon atoms. They include ethylene, propylene, butene-1,4-methyl-1-pentene, hexene-1 and octene-1. ethylene or a combination of ethylene with alpha-olefins of 3 to 8 carbon atoms. These alpha-olefins do not contain any aromatic portion. Suitable vinyl or vinylidene aromatic monomers, which can be used to prepare the substantially random interpolymer, include, for example, those represented by the following formula:
Ar I (CH2) n R1-C = C (R2) 2 in which R1 is selected from the group of radicals composed of hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably hydrogen or methyl; each R2 is independently selected from the group of radicals composed of hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably hydrogen or methyl; Ar is a phenyl group or a phenyl group substituted with from 1 to 5 substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and haloalkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and n has a value from zero to 4, preferably from zero to 2, particularly zero. Especially suitable monomers include styrene and derivatives thereof, low molecular weight, alkyl- or halo-substituted. Exemplary monovinyl or monovinylidene aromatic monomers include styrene, vinyl toluene, alpha-methylstyrene, t-butyl-styrene or chlorostyrene, including all isomers of said compounds. Preferred monomers include styrene, alpha-methyl styrene, styrene derivatives of low molecular weight, substituted on the alkyl ring of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or on the phenyl ring, such as, for example, ortho-, meta- and para-methylstyrenes, the styrenes halogenated in the ring, para-vinyl toluene or mixtures thereof. A most preferred aromatic monovinyl monomer is styrene. The term "stearically hindered aliphatic or cycloaliphatic vinyl or vinylidene monomers" is understood to mean addition-polymerizable vinyl or vinylidene monomers corresponding to the formula:
A1 1 Rl- C = C (R2) 2
wherein A1 is a stearically bulky, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic substituent of up to 20 carbon atoms; R1 is selected from the group of radicals composed of hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably hydrogen or methyl; each R2 is independently selected from the group of radicals composed of hydrogen and alkyl radicals containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably hydrogen or methyl; or alternatively R1 and A1 together form a ring system. By the term "stearically bulky" is meant that the monomer bearing this substituent is usually unable to perform an addition polymerization with standard Ziegler-Natta polymerization catalysts, in a ratio comparable to ethylene polymerizations. Alpha-olefin monomers containing 2 to
carbon atoms and having a linear aliphatic structure, such as ethylene, propylene, butene-1, hexene-1 and octene-1, are not considered to be stearically hindered aliphatic monomers. Preferred stearically hindered or aliphatic or cycloaliphatic vinylidene or vinylidene compounds are monomers in which one of the carbon atoms carrying ethylenic unsaturation is substituted tertiary or quaternary. Examples of such substituents include cyclic aliphatic groups such as cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclooctenyl or ring alkyl or aryl-substituted derivatives thereof, tert-butyl or norbornyl. The vinylidene or vinylidene compounds, cycloaliphatic, stearically hindered, more preferred with the substituted vinyl ring derivatives, various isomers, cyclohexene and substituted cyclohexenes, and 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene. 1-, 3-, and 4-vinylcyclohexene are particularly suitable. The substantially random interpolymers typically contain from 5 to 65, preferably from 5 to 55, particularly from 10 to 50, mole percent of at least one vinyl or vinylidene aromatic monomer; or a stearically hindered aliphatic or cycloaliphatic vinyl or vinylidene monomer; or both; and from 35 to 95, preferably from 45 to 95, particularly from 50 to 90 mole percent of at least one aliphatic alpha-olefin of 2 to 20 carbon atoms. Other optionally polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer (s) include taut ring olefins such as norbornene and alkyl substituted norbornenes of 1 to 10 carbon atoms or aryl of 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an exemplary substantially random interpolymer being ethylene / styrene / norbornene. The most preferred substantially random interpolymers with the interpolymers of ethylene and styrene and the interpolymers of ethylene, styrene and at least one alpha-olefin containing from 3 to 8 carbon atoms. The number average molecular weight (Mp) of the substantially random interpolymers is usually greater than 5'000, preferably from 20'000 to 1'000'000, particularly from 50'000 to 500'000. The glass transition temperature (Tg) ) of the substantially random interpolymers is preferably from -40 ° C to +35 ° C, particularly from 0 ° C to + 30 ° C, especially from + 10 ° C to + 25 ° C, measured according to differential mechanical scanning ( DMS).
In the especially preferred embodiments, the especially preferred interpolymers (random, alternating and substantially random) have a polydispersity greater than 1.3, determined using gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The substantially random interpolymers can be modified by typical grafting, hydrogenation, functionalization or other reactions of the knowledge of the person skilled in the art. The polymers can be freely sulfonated or chlorinated for the purpose of providing derivatives functionalized according to established techniques. The substantially random interpolymers can also be modified by various chain or linkage amplification processes, including, but not limited to, peroxide, silane, sulfide, radiation or azide-based cure systems. A complete description of the various linkage technologies can be found in the US Patent Applications Nos. 08 / 921,641 and 08 / 921,642, both filed on August 27, 1997. The dual healing systems, which They use a combination of heat, moisture cure and radiation stages, they can also be used efficiently. The dual cure systems are disclosed and claimed in U.S. Patent Application No. 536,022, filed September 29, 1995, in the name of K. L. Walton and S. V. Karande. For example, it may be desirable to employ peroxide linkers in conjunction with silane linking agents, peroxide linkers in conjunction with radiation, sulfur-containing linking agents in conjunction with silane linking agents, etc. The substantially random interpolymers can also be modified by various linking processes, including, but not limited to, the incorporation of a diene component as a thermonomer in its preparation and subsequent linkage in the aforementioned and the following methods, including vulcanization via the vinyl group, using sulfur, for example, as the linking agent. A suitable method for the production of substantially random ethylene / vinyl aromatic interpolymers includes the polymerization of a mixture of polymerizable monomers in the presence of one or more metallocenes or narrow geometry catalysts, in combination with several cocatalysts, as described in the patent. European EP-A-0, 416, 815 by James C. Stevens et al., And in United States Patent No. 5,703,187 by Francis J. Timmers. Preferred operating conditions for said polymerization reactions are pressures from atmospheric to 3000 atmospheres and temperatures from -30 ° C to 200 ° C. Polymerizations and removal of monomers that did not react, at temperatures above the autopolymerization temperature of the respective monomer, can result in the formation of certain amounts of homopolymer polymerization products resulting from free radical polymerization. In the Application of the United States of America No. 702,475, filed May 20, 1991- (EP-A-514, 828); as well as in the Patents of the United States of North America Nos. 5,055,438; 5,057,475; 5,096,867; 5,064,802; 5,132,380; 5,189,192; 5,321,106; 5,347,024; 5,350,723; 5,374,696; 5,399,635; 5,470,993; 5,703,187; Y
,721,185, examples of catalysts and methods suitable for the preparation of substantially random interpolymers are disclosed. The substantially random ethylene / vinyl aromatic interpolymers can also be prepared according to the methods described in Japanese Patent 07/278230, using compounds represented by the general formula:
/ Cpl Rl R (3 \ / M \ Cp y '\ in which Cp1 and Cp2, independently of one another, are cyclopentadienyl groups, indenyl groups, fluorenyl groups, or substituents thereof; R1 and R2, independently of one another, are hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, hydrocarbon groups with carbon atom numbers from 1 to 12, alkoxy groups or aryloxy groups; M is a group IV metal, preferably Zr or Hf, particularly Zr; and RJ is an alkylene group or a silanedyl group used to link Cp1 and Cp2. The substantially random ethylene / vinyl aromatic interpolymers can also be prepared according to the methods described by John G. Bradfute et al. (W. R. Grace &Co.) in International WO 95/32095; by R. B. Pannell (Exxon Chemical Patents, inc.) in International Document WO 94/00500; and in Plastics Technology, p. 25 (September 1992). Also suitable are substantially random interpolymers comprising at least one alpha-olefinic / vinyl, aromatic / vinyl, aromatic / alpha-vinyl tetrad, disclosed in U.S. Application No. 08 / 708,869, filed September 4. of 1996, and International Document 98/09999, both by Francis J. Timmers et al. These interpolymers contain additional signals in their carbon-13 NMR spectra with intensities greater than three times the peak-to-peak noise. These signals appear in the chemical range of 43.70 - 44.25 ppm and 38.0 - 38.5 ppm. Specifically, higher peaks are observed at 44.1, 43.9 and 38.2 ppm. A proton test NMR experiment indicates that signals in the chemical range of 43.70-44.25 ppm are methine carbons and signals in the range of 38.0-38.5 ppm are methylene carbons. It is believed that these novel signals are due to sequences comprising two vinyl aromatic monomeric inserts head to foot, preceded and followed by at least one alpha-olefin insert, such as, for example, a tetraethylene / sty / sty / ethylene , wherein the sty monomer insertions of said tetrads occur exclusively in a 1.2 (head to feet) manner. The person skilled in the art understands that for these tetrads comprising an aromatic vinyl monomer other than sty and an alpha-olefin other than ethylene, the ethylene / vinyl tetrad, aromatic / vinyl monomer, aromatic monomer / ethylene will produce NMR peaks carbon-13 similar, but with slightly diffe chemical changes. These interpolymers can be prepared by carrying out the polymerization at temperatures from -30 ° C to 250 ° C, in the presence of catalysts represented by the formula:
wherein each Cp is independent, each occurrence, a cyclopentadienyl-substituted group linked II to M; E is C or Si; M is a metal of group IV, preferably Zr or
Hf, particularly Zr; each R is independent, each occurrence, H, hydrocarbyl, silahydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylsilyl, containing up to 30, preferably from 1 to 20, particularly from 1 to 10 carbon atoms or silicone; each R 'is independent, each occurrence, H, halo, hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy, silahydrocarbyl, hydrocarbylsilyl containing up to 30, preferably from
1 to 20, particularly 1 to 10 carbon atoms or silicone, or two R 'groups can together be a 1,3-butadiene substituted with hydrocarbyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; M is 1 or 2; and optionally, but preferably, in the presence of an activating cocatalyst. In particular, substituted cyclopentadienyl groups include those illustrated by the formula:
wherein each R is independent, each occurrence, H, hydrocarbyl, silahydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylsilyl, containing up to 30, preferably 1 to 20, particularly 1 to 10 carbon atoms or silicone; or two R groups together form a divalent derivative of said group. Preferably, R, with each independent occurrence, is (including where all isomers are appropriate) hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, benzyl, phenyl or silyl, or (where appropriate) two R groups. as the above are bound together forming a system of fused rings such as indenyl, fluorenyl, tetrahydroindenyl, tetrahydrofluorenyl or octahydrofluorenyl. Particularly preferred catalysts include, for example, racemic (dimethylsilandiyl) -bis- (2-methyl-4-phenylindenyl) -zirconium dichloride, (dimethylsilandiyl) -bis- (2-methyl-4-phenylindenyl) zirconium-1, 4 -difenil-1,3-racemate, (dimethylsilandiyl) -bis- (2-methyl-4-phenylindenyl) zirconium-di-alkyl of 1 to 4 racemic carbon atoms, (dimethylsilandiyl) -bis- (2-methyl- 4-phenylindenyl) -zirconium-alkoxide of 1 to 4 racemic carbon atoms, or any combination thereof. It is also possible to use the following titanium-based narrow geometry catalysts: dimethyl [n- (1,1-dimethylethyl) -1,1-dimethyl-l- [(1, 2, 3, 4, 5-?) -1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-s-indacen-1-yl] silanaminate (2-) -n] titanium; dimethyl (1-indenyl) (tert-butylamido) dimethyl-silan-titanium; dimethyl ((3-tert-butyl) (1, 2, 3,, 5-?) -1-indenyl) (tert-butylamido) dimethylsilane-titanium and dimethyl ((3-iso-propyl) (1,2 , 3,4, 5-?) -1-indenyl) (tert-butyl amido) dimethylsilane-titanium, or any combination thereof. Other methods of preparation for the interpolymers used in the present invention have been described in the specialized literature. Longo and Grassi (Makromol, Chem., Volume 191, pages 2387 to 2396 [1990]) and D'Anniello et al. (Journal of Applied Polymer Science, volume 58, pages 1701-1706 [1995]) reported the use of a system Catalyst based on methylalumoxane (MAO) and cyclopenadieniltitanium trichloride (CpTiCl3) to prepare an ethylene-styrene copolymer. Xu and Lin (Polymer Preprints, Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Polym. Chem.) Volume 35, pages 686, 687 [1994]) reported copolymerization using a MgCl 2 / TiCl 4 / NdCl 3 / Al (iBu) catalyst. to obtain random copolymers of styrene and propylene. Lu et al. (Journal of Applied 'Polymer Science, volume 53, pages 1453 to 1460 [1994]) described the copolymerization of ethylene and styrene using a TiCl 4 / NdCl 3 / MgCl 2 / al (Et) 3 catalyst. Sernetz and Mulhaupt, ( Macromol, Chem. Phys., V. 197, pp. 1071-1083, 1997) described the influence of polymerization conditions on the copolymerization of styrene with ethylene using Ziegler-Natta catalysts of Me2Si (MeCp) (n-tert-butyl ) TiCl2 / methylaluminoxane. The ethylene-styrene copolymers produced by bridged metallocene catalysts have been described by Arai, Toshiaki and Suzuki (Polymer Preprints, Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Polym. Chem.) Volume 38, pages 349, 350 [1997]) and in the United States Patent No. 5,652,315 of the Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Inc. The production of alpha-olefin / vinyl aromatic monomeric interpolymers such as propylene / styrene and butene / styrene is described in U.S. Patent No. 5,244,996, Mitsui Petrochemical Industries Ltd., or in US Pat. U.S. Patent No. 5,652,315, also from Mitsui Petrochemical Industries Ltd. or as disclosed in German Patent DE 197 11 339 Al of Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK. Although they may have a high isotacticity and, therefore, are not preferred, the random copolymers of ethylene and styrene as disclosed in Polymer Preprints, volume 39, No. 1. March 1998 by Toru Aria et al., Can also be used as the ethylene polymer of the present invention. During the preparation of the substantially random interpolymer, an amount of atactic vinyl aromatic homopolymer may be formed at elevated temperatures due to the homopolymerization of the aromatic vinyl monomer. The presence of the aromatic vinyl homopolymer does not generally affect the purpose of the present invention and can be tolerated. The vinyl aromatic homopolymer can be separated from the interpolymer, if desired, by extraction techniques such as selective precipitation of the solution with a non-solvent for the interpolymer and for the aromatic vinyl homopolymer. However, for the purpose of the present invention it is preferred that not more than 30 weight percent, particularly less than 20 weight percent (based on the total weight of the interpolymers), of atactic vinyl aromatic homopolymer be present. The aromatic polyethers used herein as component (Bl) include, for example, poly (phenylene ether) (PPE) resins of thermoplastic engineering which, as is well known, are commercially available materials, produced by the polymerization of oxidative coupling of alkyl-substituted phenols. Typically, aromatic polyethers are linear, amorphous polymers with a vitreous transition temperature greater than 150 ° C and preferably in the range of 190 ° C to 235 ° C. Preferred aromatic polyethers include those represented by the general formula:
wherein Q is the same alkyl group or a different alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of at least 10, preferably at least 25, particularly at least 100 and especially from 150 to 1200. examples of preferred polymers are: poly (2,6-dialkyl-l, 4-phenylene) ether such as poly (2,6-dimethyl-1, -phenylene) ether, poly (2-methyl-6-) ether ethyl-l, 4-phenylene), poly (2-methyl-6-propyl-l, 4-phenylene) ether, poly- (2,6-dipropyl-l, 4-phenylene) ether and polyether ether (2-ethyl-6-propyl-1,4-phenylene). A more preferred polymer is poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) ether. Suitable aromatic polyethers (including aromatic polyethers formulated or blended with other polymers such as, for example, polyamides) are available from Asahi Chemical Inc. under the name XYRON, at BASF Chemical under the names LURANYL and ULTRANYL, and in General Electric Corporation under the name of NORYL, PPO and BLENDEX. Polymers prepared from aromatic vinylidene monomers employed as component (B2) in the present invention include homopolymers of a single vinylidene aromatic monomer or interpolymers prepared from one or more aromatic vinylidene monomers. The monovinylidene aromatic polymers, including the homopolymers or interpolymers of one or more monovinylidene aromatic monomers, or an interpolymer of one or more monovinylidene aromatic monomers and one or more interpolymerizable monomers with the above which are not an aliphatic alpha-olefin (excluding , eg, ethylene), are particularly suitable for use as component (B2) in the present mixtures. Suitable monovinylidene aromatic monomers are represented by the following formula:
Ar I Rl - C = CH 2 in which R 1 is selected from the group of radicals composed of hydrogen and hydrocarbyl radicals, containing three carbon atoms or less, and Ar is a phenyl group or a phenyl group substituted with from 1 to 5 substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and haloalkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Exemplary monovinylidene aromatic monomers include styrene, para-vinyl, toluene, alpha-methylstyrene, t-butyl styrene, chlorostyrene, including all isomers of these compounds, tec. Styrene is a monovinylidene aromatic monomer especially desirable for the aromatic monovinylidene polymers used in the practice of the present invention. Examples of suitable interpolymerizable comonomers other than the monovinylidene aromatic monomer and an alpha-olefinic monomer include conjugated dienes of 4 to 6 carbon atoms (especially butadiene or isoprene), N-phenyl-maleimide, N-alkyl-maleimide, acrylamide, ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomers (such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile), mono- and difunctional, ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids (such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid) and derivatives thereof (such as esters and anhydrides, for example, alkyl acrylates or alkyl methacrylates of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as n-butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate, and maleic anhydrides), and any combination thereof. In some cases, it is also desired to copolymerize a linked monomer such as a divinylbenzene to obtain the aromatic monovinylidene polymer. Polymers of monovinylidene aromatic monomers with other interpolymerizable comonomers preferably contain polymerized therein, at least 50 percent by weight. 100 mole, particularly at least 60 mole percent and especially at least 70 mole percent of one or more monovinylidene aromatic monomers. The component (B2) can also be a rubber modified styrenic composition, in particular a styrenic composition modified with flame resistant rubber. Flame resistant compositions are typically produced by adding flame retardants to a high impact polystyrene resin (HIPS). The addition of flame retardants reduces the impact strength of HIPS that is returned to acceptable levels by adding impact modifiers, typically styrene-butadiene block copolymers (SBS). Reference is made to the final compositions as ignition resistant polystyrenes, IRPS. The IRPS compositions typically contain the following components:Component (R) of 50 to 90 weight percent, based on the total resin composition (R + S + T + U), of a rubber modified polymer derived from a vinyl aromatic monomer, such as, for example, high impact polystyrene (HIPS); Component S) a sufficient amount of a flame retardant additive, preferably a halogen-containing flame retardant, for the purpose of providing the composition (R + S + T + U) with 7 to 14 weight percent halogen; Component T) from 2 to 6 weight percent, based on the total resin composition (R + S + T + U) of an inorganic flame retardant synergist; and Component U) from 1 to 8 weight percent, based on the total resin composition (R + S + T + U), of an impact modifier. Component R is an aromatic vinyl polymer modified with rubber (for example, a polystyrene composition modified with rubber). Suitable polymers include those made from vinyl aromatic monomers, typically represented by the formula:
R I A? -C = CH2 in which R is hydrogen or methyl; Ar is an aromatic ring structure that has
1 to 3 aromatic rings with or without alkyl, halo or haloalkyl substitution, wherein any alkyl group contains
1 to 6 carbon atoms and the haloalkyl refers to an alkyl group substituted with halogen. Preferably, Ar is phenyl or alkylphenyl, with phenyl being most preferred. Typical vinyl aromatic monomers that can be used include: styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, all isomers of vinyl toluene, especially para-vinyltoluene, all isomers of ethyl styrene, propyl styrene, vinyl biphenyl, vinyl naphthalene , vinyl anthracene and mixtures thereof. The vinyl aromatic monomer can also be combined with other copolymerizable monomers. Examples of such monomers include, but are not limited to, acrylic monomers such as acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid and methyl acrylate, maleic anhydrides, maleimide and phenylmaleimide. The rubber-modified vinyl aromatic polymers can be prepared by polymerizing the vinyl aromatic monomers in the presence of a previously dissolved rubber for the purpose of preparing modified impact products or containing grafted rubber, examples of which are described in US Pat. United States of America 3,123,655; 3,346,520; 3,639,522 and 4,409,369. The rubber is typically a rubber of butadiene or isoprene, preferably polybutadiene. Preferably, the rubber modified vinyl aromatic polymer is high impact polystyrene (HIPS). The amount of rubber modified vinyl aromatic polymer that is used in the composition of the present invention is typically from 50 to 90, preferably from 60 to 88, particularly from 70 to 85 and especially from 72 to 82 weight percent, based on in the total resin composition (R + S + T + U). The U component is an impact modifier. The U component and the modified impact of (B2d) can be a polymer that increases the impact resistance of the composition of the present invention. Typical impact modifiers include polybutadiene, polyisoprene and copolymers of an aromatic vinyl monomer and conjugated dienes, such as, for example, styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-isoprene copolymers, including diblock and triblock copolymers. Other impact modifiers include copolymers of a vinyl aromatic monomer with hydrogenated dienes and ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers. Preferably, the impact modifier is a styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer containing from 25 to 40 weight percent styrene component. The amount of impact modifier used in the composition of the present invention is typically from 1 to 8, preferably from 1 to 7, in particular from 2 to 6 and especially, especially with respect to (R + S + T + U), from 2 to 5 weight percent of the total resin composition. Component S is a flame retardant which can be any compound or mixture of compounds, preferably containing halogen, which provides flame resistance to the composition of the present invention. Suitable flame retardants are known in the prior art and include, but are not limited to, hexahalodiphenyl ethers, octahalodiphenyl ethers, decahalodiphenyl ethers, decahalobiphenyl ethanes, 1,2-bis (trihalophenoxy) ethanes, 1,2-bis (pentahalopho-phenoxy) ethers ), hexahalocyclododecane, a tetrahalobisphenol-A, ethylene (N, N ') -bis-tetrahalophthalimide. tetrahalphthalic anhydrides, hexahalobenzenes, halogenated indanes, halogenated phosphate esters, halogenated paraffins, halogenated polystyrenes and polymers of halogenated bisphenol-A and epichlorohydrin, or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the flame retardant is a compound containing bromide or chloride. In a preferred embodiment, the flame retardant is decabromodiphenyl ether or a mixture of decabromodiphenyl ether with tetrabromobisphenol -A. The amount of flame retardant present in the composition of the present invention depends on the flame retardant used. Typically, for halogen-containing flame retardants, the amount of flame retardant is selected from 7 to 14, preferably from 7 to 13, in particular from 8 to 12 and especially from 9 to 11 weight percent of the composition of total resin (R + S + T + U) of halogen is present in the composition of the present invention. The component T is a synergist of inorganic flame retardant, which is known in the prior art as compounds that improve the effectiveness of flame retardants, especially halogenated flame retardants. Examples of the inorganic flame retardant synergists include, but are not limited to, metal oxides such as, for example, iron oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum trioxide, alumina, tri- and pentoxide. antimony, bismuth oxide, molybdenum trioxide and tungsten trioxide; boron compounds such as zinc borate; antimony silicates; ferrocene and mixtures thereof. The amount of inorganic flame retardant synergist present is typically from 2 to 6, preferably from 2 to 5, in particular from 2.5 to 5 and especially from 2.5 to 4 weight percent of the total resin composition (R + S) + T + U). The optional component (C) of impact modifier, present in an amount of 0 to 50 weight percent, preferably 0 to 35 weight percent and in particular 0 to 20 weight percent, based on the weights combination of the components (A), (B) and (C), is at least one linear or linked polymer, selected from the group consisting of, but not limited to, natural rubber; polybutadiene; polyisoprene; random copolymers of a vinyl aromatic monomer and conjugated dienes, such as, for example, styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-isoprene copolymers; diblock and triblock copolymers of a vinyl aromatic monomer and conjugated dienes, for example, styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-isoprene copolymers, styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymers, styrene-isoprene copolymers; halogenated random and block copolymers of a vinyl aromatic monomer with conjugated dienes; copolymers of ethylene-acrylic acid and ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymers. Preferably (and especially the optional impact modifier) is a styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer containing from 25 to 40 weight percent of styrene component, or ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymers such as those that are can be obtained commercially from the company DuPont Dow Elastomers under the trademark of ENGAGE. The compositions of the present invention may also contain additives such as antioxidants (such as hindered phenols such as IRGANOXR 1010), phosphites (such as IRGAF0SR 168), thermal stabilizers, ignition resistance promoters, UV stabilizers, adhesion additives (such as polyisobutylene), mold release agents, slip agents, antiblock additives, plasticizers, flowability promoters, such as waxes or mineral oil, processing aids, dyes, pigments and fillers, and combinations of the same, with the condition that they do not interfere with the improved properties discovered by the applicants. The additives are used in functionally equivalent amounts known to those skilled in the art. For example, the amount of antioxidant used is the amount that prevents the polymer or polymer mixture from undergoing oxidation at the temperatures and environment used during storage and in the final use of the polymers. These amounts of antioxidants are generally in the range of 0.01 to 10, preferably 0.05 to 5, in particular 0.1 to 2 weight percent, based on the weight of the polymer or polymer mixture. Similarly, the amounts of the other additives listed are the amounts functionally equivalent to the amount required to provide the anti-blocking polymer composition, the amount to provide the polymer composition with ignition resistance, the desired amount of filler to obtain the results. desired, to provide the desired color from the dye or pigment. Some additives (especially organic phosphates such as aryl- or alkyl phosphates and the mixture thereof) can provide a dual role both as a processing aid and as an ignition / flame retardant. For example, triphenyl phosphate and tricresyl phosphate can be used for the purpose of providing processability and resistance to ignition. These additives can conveniently be used in the range of 0.05 to 50, preferably from 0.1 to 35, in particular from 0.2 to 20 weight percent, based on the weight of the composition of the polymer mixture. Nevertheless, in the instance of fillers, they can be used in up to 90 percent by weight, based on the weight of the composition of the polymer mixture. The composition of the mixture according to the invention can be prepared by any suitable means known in the prior art, which will result in a generally uniform dispersion of all the ingredients of the resulting product. For example, dry blending the components in the desired ratio with a subsequent melt blending, can suitably prepare the composition according to the invention. Illustrative melt blending devices include Banbury mixers, composite rolls, unihelical extruders, twin helical extruders, and Haake mixers. Due to the lack of concordance of the softening / melting points typically existing in the interpolymers and the aromatic polyethers, the appropriate technology for the preparation of the mixture may have to be considered. These considerations include the initial form of the aromatic polyether (such as pellets, powder or dispersion) prior to mixing for the purpose of ensuring proper dispersion. The sequential realization or addition of various formulation components, including, but not limited to, the interpolymer, the aromatic polyether and other additives such as processing aids, in the mixing operation can be used to ensure proper mixing and dispersion. In another consideration, it may be relevant to better balance the melting rheology of the polymeric components by controlling the molecular weight or by specifically using processing aids in order to ensure effective mixing and dispersion. For example, good dispersion can be achieved for the interpolymer components and the aromatic polyether components, providing a level of viscosity between the components in the range of 1/100 to 100/1. Additionally, the components of the composition according to the invention can be combined in an apparatus such as a dry mixer, before being fed to a mixing / melting extrusion apparatus, or two or more of the ingredients can be premixed and fed to a melt of the other components. The dry mix compositions can be processed directly by melting in order to obtain a final solid state article, for example, by injection molding, rotomolding, thermoforming, pultrusion, blow molding or film or graft inflation. The blends of the present invention can be used in order to produce a broad spectrum of manufactured articles such as, for example but not limited to, calendered sheets, blown films, blow molded articles and injection molded parts. The mixtures can also be used in the manufacture of fibers, foams and lattices. The mixtures of the present invention can also be used in adhesive formulations, such as high-temperature elastomers and as reinforcing thermoplastics. The following examples illustrate the invention without limiting it in any way.
EXAMPLES The properties of the polymers and mixtures were determined according to the following test procedures: Melt Flow Rate (MFR), I2, was determined by ASTM D-1238, condition 190 ° C / 2.16 kg. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed using a Dupont DSC-2920 in order to measure the thermal transition temperatures and the transition heat for the interpolymers. In order to eliminate the previous thermal histories, the samples were first heated to 200 ° C. Heating and cooling curves were recorded at 10 ° C / min. The melting (second heat) and crystallization temperatures were recorded from the peak temperatures of the endotherm and exotherm, respectively. Tensile fatigue / stretch properties of compression molded samples were measured using an Instron 1145 tensile tester equipped with an extensometer. Samples were tested ASTM-D638 with an elongation speed of 5 min "1. The average of four tensile measurements was recorded.The limit fatigue and the elongation limit were recorded at the point of inflection in the fatigue / elongation curve. energy at break time was considered as the area under the fatigue / elongation curve.The thermomechanical analysis data (TMA) were generated using a Perkin Elmer instrument of the TMA series 7. The temperature for the penetration of the test at a depth of 1 millimeter in compression molded parts of 2 millimeters in thickness, using a heating quota of 5 ° C / min and a load of 1 Newton, was used as a measure of the high service temperature. Uniaxial was evaluated using an Instron 1145 tensile machine. A compression molded film (~ 20 mil, 0.0508 centimeters thick) with an estimated length of 1 ''
(2.54 centimeters) was deformed at a 50 percent elongation level with an elongation rate of 20 min. "1 The force required to maintain a 50 percent elongation was monitored for 10 minutes.The magnitude of fatigue relaxation is defined as (f? -ff / fi), where fi is the initial force and ff is the final force.The dynamic mechanical properties of the compression molded samples were monitored using a Rheometrics 800E mechanical spectrometer. a rectangular geometry in torsion and purged under nitrogen in order to prevent thermal degradation Typically, samples were tested at a fixed forced frequency of 10 rad / sec using a torsional elongation adjustment of 0.05 percent, and collecting data in an isothermal manner at 4 ° C. The polymers were prepared in a stirred, semi-continuous 400 gallon batch reactor.The reaction mixture consisted of approx. 250 gallons of a mixture comprising solvent, cyclohexene (85 weight percent) and isopentane (15 weight percent), and styrene. Before the addition, the solvent, styrene and ethylene were purified in order to remove water and oxygen. The inhibitor in styrene was also removed. - The inerts were removed by purging the container with ethylene. Subsequently, the container was controlled for its pressure at a specified point with ethylene. Hydrogen was added in order to control the molecular weight. The temperature in the container was controlled to a specified point by varying the temperature of the wrapping water.
- Prior to polymerization, the vessel was heated to the desired temperature and the flow of the catalytic component titanium was controlled: (Nl, 1-dimethylethyl) dimethyl (1- (1, 2, 3, 4, 5?) -2 , 3,4, 5-tetramethyl-2,4-cyclopentadien-1-yl) silanaminate)) (2-) N) -dimethyl, CAS # 135072-62-7 and tris (pentafluoro-phenyl) boron, CAS # 001109 -15-5, and modified methylaluminoxane type 3A, CAS # 146905-79-5, at a base molar quota of 1/3/5 respectively, they were combined and added to the container. After starting, the polymerization was allowed to proceed with the ethylene feed to the reactor as required to maintain the container pressure. In some cases, hydrogen was added in the upper space of the reactor in order to maintain a molar quota with respect to the ethylene concentration. At the end of the run, the catalyst flow was stopped, the ethylene was removed from the reactor, 1000 ppm of Irganox.RTM. 1010 antioxidant was added to the solution and the polymer was isolated from the solution. The resulting polymers were isolated from the solution by vapor removal. In the case of the steam-purified material, further processing was required in a devolatilizing extruder in order to reduce the residual moisture and any unreacted styrene monomer. Table I presents the preparation conditions and Table 2 shows the properties of the resulting product.
Table 2
* Percent of styrene measured via infrared Fourier transformation technique (FTIR); includes the atactic polystyrene contribution + Measured using 13C-NMR
EXAMPLES 1-4 Ethylene / styrene interpolymers (component
A) used in these examples were those indicated as ES-1 and ES-2 in Tables 1 and 2. The aromatic polyether (component Bl) used was a polyphenylene ether, poly (2,6-dimethyl-4-ether) phenylene), commercially available from the General Electric Company under the name of PPO-G and having a vitreous transition temperature, Tg, of 220 ° C as measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The polymer of a vinylidene aromatic monomer (component B2) used was polystyrene commercially available from The Dow Chemical Company under the name of STYRONR685. The mixtures were prepared by melt-compounded components mixed in the specified weight ratios using a Haake mixer equipped with a Rheomix 3000 vessel and operated at 240 ° C and 40 rpm. The capacity of this mixer was 310 cubic centimeters
(ce). The optimum volume for an effective mixture was approximately 70 volume percent or 220 cc. The calculations were made taking into account the density and composition of each component to prepare a dry mix of the materials in order to achieve a 70 percent volume filling. Separately for each sample, the dry mixed materials were then added in stages to the preheated and calibrated vessel, while the rotors rotated at 40 rpm. After establishing a small level of melting in the mixer, small increments of the dry mix were added and allowed to melt and incorporate into the melt before adding more mixed dry material. This was continued for approximately three minutes until all the dry-mixed material had been added. Next, a sealing plunger was lowered to the melting vessel and the molten mixture was allowed to mix by rotating blades for an additional ten minutes. At the end of this time, the rotors were stopped, the mixer was dismantled and the molten mixture was removed and allowed to cool for subsequent tests and analysis. The test parts and characteristic data for the interpolymers and their mixtures were generated according to the following procedures: The samples were compression molded by melting the samples at 240 ° C for 3 minutes and compression molding using 5 in x 5 in. Plates x 0.08 in (12.7 cm x 12.7 cm x 0.20 cm) at 204 ° C under 20 '000 Ib (9.080 kg) of pressure for 2 additional minutes. Subsequently, the molten materials were annealed in a press equilibrated at room temperature. Tables 3 and 4 show the percentages by weight of the components of the mixture and the property data of the various examples. Table 5 shows the module temperature data of the dynamic mechanical spectroscopy (DMS) test.
Table 3
* It is not an example of the invention; presented only for the purpose of comparison.
Table 4
* It is not an example of the invention; presented only for the purpose of comparison, cbm indicates that the fatigue relaxation percentage for the example could not be measured
Table 5
* It is not an example of the invention; presented only for the purpose of comparison.
The examples of the present invention are numbered as examples of the invention 1 to 4. The data show that the ES interpolymers exhibit an unexpectedly high level of compatibility with aromatic polyethers
(component Bl) when used alone or in combination with an aromatic vinylidene polymer, polystyrene (component
B2). In particular, the dynamic mechanical test of the interpolymer mixtures ES-1 (examples of the invention 1 and 2), showed a significant increase and amplification of the vitreous transition in relation to the unmixed interpolymer, which is evidence of the good interaction between the components of the mixture. No similar increase in vitreous transition was found for the interpolymer for mixture E of the comparative example, which contained polystyrene as the sole blending component. The unexpected high compatibility of the mixtures according to the invention was transformed into thermoplastic polymeric materials with good mechanical properties, as can be seen in the high tensile elongation at the time of rupture. The particular examples illustrate the ability to obtain a material with a high upper service temperature, and having a relatively small module change over an extended temperature range. A measure of the above is provided by the division G Aso ° c) / G A 2 ° or as shown in Table 5. The lower this ratio is, the lower the sensitivity of the module to the temperature. The upper service temperature can be controlled by the weight ratio of the components of the mixture, especially the PPO / PS ratio, and the plane modulus of the composition can be controlled by the ratio of the interpolymer component (A) to the component (B) The three component mixtures according to the invention, the examples of the invention 2 and 4, showed the lowest sensitivity to the module temperature.
Claims (13)
1. A mixture of polymeric materials comprising: (A) from 1 to 99 percent based on the combined weight of components (A) and (B) of at least one substantially random interpolymer produced by the polymerization of a mixture of monomers comprising (1) from 5 to 65 mole percent of (a) at least one vinylidene aromatic monomer, or (b) a combination of at least one vinylidene aromatic monomer and at least one aliphatically hindered vinylidene monomer, and ( 2) from 35 to 95 mole percent of at least one aliphatic alpha-olefin of 2 to 20 carbon atoms; and (B) from 1 to 99 weight percent based on the combined weight of the components (A) and (B), of a composition comprising: (1) from 1 to 100 weight percent based on the combined weight of the components (Bl) and (B2) of an aromatic polyether; and (2) from 0 to 99 weight percent based on the combined weight of the components (Bl) and (B2) of (a) at least one homopolymer of a vinylidene aromatic monomer, or (b) at least one interpolymer of one or more vinylidene aromatic monomers, or (c) at least one interpolymer of at least one aromatic vinylidene monomer and at least one hindered aliphatic vinylidene monomer, or (d) at least one of the components (Bl) or ( B2) (ac) and further an impact modifier, or (e) a combination of any two or more of the components (Bl) and (B2) (ad), (C) from 0 to 50 weight percent of when less an optional impact modifier; and (D) from 0 to 50 weight percent of at least one optional processing aid.
2. A mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one substantially random interpolymer of the component (A) is produced by the polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising: (1) from 5 to 55 percent in moles of (a) at least one aromatic vinylidene monomer, or (b) a combination of at least one aromatic vinylidene monomer and at least one aliphatically hindered vinylidene monomer, and (2) 45 to 95 mole percent of at least one aliphatic alpha olefin of 2 to 20 carbon atoms; and the aromatic polyether of the component (Bl) comprises the structure wherein Q is the same alkyl group or an alkyl group different from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of at least 25.
3. A mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a substantially random interpolymer of component (A) is produced by the polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising: (1) from 10 to 50 mole percent of at least one aromatic vinylidene monomer, and (2) from 50 to 90 percent by weight. one hundred mole of ethylene or ethylene and at least one aliphatic alpha olefin of 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
4. A mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one substantially random interpolymer of the component (A) is produced by the polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising: (1) from 10 to 50 percent in moles of styrene, and (2) from 50 to 90 mole percent of ethylene or ethylene and at least one component selected from the group consisting of natural rubber; polybutadiene; polyisoprene; random copolymers of a vinyl aromatic monomer and a conjugated diene; diblock and triblock copolymers of a vinyl aromatic monomer and a conjugated diene; hydrogenated and block random copolymers of a vinyl aromatic monomer with conjugated dienes; copolymers of ethylene-acrylic acid and ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymers.
5. A mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the component (A) is used in an amount of 5 to 50 weight percent, based on the combined weight of the components (A) and (B); and component (B) is used in an amount of 50 to 95 weight percent, based on the combined weight of components (A) and (B).
6. A mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that component (A) is used in an amount of 50 to 95 weight percent, based on the combined weight of components (A) and (B); and component (B) is used in an amount of 5 to 50 weight percent, based on the combined weight of components (A) and (B).
7. A mixture according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one substantially random interpolymer of the component (A) is produced by the polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising ethylene and styrene, the component (Bl) is poly ether ( 2, 6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenyl and component (B2) is polystyrene
8. A mixture according to claim 4, characterized in that the impact modifier of component (C) is at least one component selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene diblock copolymers and styrene-isoprene copolymers, triblock copolymers of styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymers, styrene-isoprene copolymers; random and block copolymers, halogenated, of a vinyl aromatic monomer with conjugated dienes, and ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymers
9. An adhesive or sealant composition containing a mixture of according to claim 1. Claim
10. A sheet or film resulting from calendering, grafting or blowing a mixture in accordance with claim 1.
11. An article resulting from injection, compression, extrusion or blow molding of a mixture according to claim 1.
12. A fiber, foam or latex prepared from a mixture according to claim 1.
13. The mixture in accordance with claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the component (A) is produced using a narrow geometry catalyst system. SUMMARY The present invention relates to a mixture comprising at least one interpolymer produced by the polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising from 5 to 65 mole percent of (a) at least one aromatic vinylidene monomer, or (b) a combination at least one vinylidene aromatic monomer and at least one aliphatically hindered vinylidene monomer, and 35 to 95 mole percent of at least one aliphatic alpha-olefin of 2 to 20 carbon atoms; and a composition comprising an aromatic polyether and optionally (a) at least one homopolymer of a vinylidene aromatic monomer, or (b) at least one interpolymer of one or more vinylidene aromatic monomers, or (c) at least one interpolymer of at least one aromatic vinylidene monomer and at least one hindered aliphatic vinylidene monomer, or (d) at least one of the components (ac) and further an impact modifier, or (e) a combination of any two or more of the aromatic polyethers and (ad). The mixture further comprises at least one optional impact modifier and at least one optional processing aid. The mixture is useful in the preparation of manufactured articles such as adhesives, films, blow molded articles and injection molded articles, and is characterized by improved high temperature service.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US60/071,318 | 1998-01-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
MXPA00006956A true MXPA00006956A (en) | 2001-09-07 |
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