MX2014011788A

MX2014011788A - Partition for construction.

Info

Publication number: MX2014011788A
Application number: MX2014011788A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Manuel Medina Brey Luis
Original assignee: Manuel Medina Brey Luis
Priority date: 2012-03-30
Filing date: 2013-03-27
Publication date: 2015-06-22
Also published as: PE20150112A1; CL2014002643A1; CN103748294B; ES2424773A2; ES2424773R1; ES2424773B1; CN103748294A; WO2013144212A1; MX349606B

Abstract

Partition for construction, comprising a core formed of prefabricated panels (1) and an outer coating (2). The panels are of a tubular extruded structure, consisting of a series of cells (3) longitudinally overlapped. The end cells (3) have, in the wall defined by the edges of the panels, longitudinal male(7) and female(8) conformations couplable to each other in consecutive panels.

Description

TABIQUE FOR CONSTRUCTION FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a partition for construction, of the type constituted by a core and an external covering, whose core constitutes the resistant element of the partition and whose coating is composed of a mortar or the like and will define the visible surface of the partition.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Partitions of the indicated type are known in which the core is composed of bricks, pieces or blocks that are superimposed and joined by mortar. The core thus formed is covered by its surfaces by means of mortar, plaster, etc., in order to obtain the visible surface. The bricks, pieces or blocks can be solid or hollow. In any case, the construction of the core requires a high working time and also does not allow to achieve a construction with good thermal and acoustic insulation characteristics.

Partitions are also known in which the core is formed on the basis of prefabricated panels that are mounted on a supporting structure, generally by the two sides of the structure. This system is expensive, since it requires the previous assembly of the supporting structure and the subsequent fixing of the panels to said structure, and then a coating product can be applied or not to obtain the visible surface.

Also known are partitions made up of prefabricated panels made of plastic material, mentioning in this sense US3992839, which discloses a panel of plastic material that allows the formation of walls of reduced thickness. The panels are snapped to obtain a wall structure that does not provide adequate insulation, technical and acoustic characteristics.

US3662507 describes the formation of walls, especially basements, by prefabricated corrugated panels, connectable by tabs, which do not allow to carry out a rapid construction and can not be quickly and easily interlocked in the erection of the house or other structure.

US4557091 discloses a panel having a hollow or inner cavity formed by extrusion with a process that is prohibitive, time consuming and costly and in addition the panels obtained do not provide the practical or acceptable structures to form the walls at low cost and cover them with common coatings.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is a partition made up of a core and an external covering, the core of which is constituted in such a way as to allow its construction to be carried out in a quick and simple manner, thus reducing construction times and costs.

Another advantage of the partition of the invention is that it provides excellent insulation characteristics, both thermal and acoustic.

A further advantage of the partition of the invention is that it facilitates the recessing of service facilities of all kinds, as well as the arrangement of the accessories or components associated with said services.

In the partition of the invention, the core externally has means that ensure the grip and fixation of the external coating, thus ensuring the duration of said coating in excellent finishing conditions.

The partition of the invention is composed of a core and an external covering. According to the invention, the core is constituted on the basis of prefabricated panels of extruded tubular structure, based on thermoplastic materials, whose tubular structure is defined or composed of a series of superimposed longitudinal cells of polygonal section. The panel obtained is of length and thickness coinciding with that of the cells and whose height corresponds to the number of superposed cells. The opposing side walls of the cells forming the panel externally have gripping means for the external coating. These gripping means may consist of flanges projecting outwardly from the opposite side walls of the cells, in a direction parallel to said cells. The flanges constituting the gripping means for the external coating can be flat and project along edges and / or angles determined by the intersection between walls of the same cell and / or consecutive cells. In addition, the longitudinal tabs can be topped at their free end in transverse wings, adopting a T-profile.

According to another feature of the invention, the end cells have, in the free wall that determines the edges of the panel, longitudinal male and female conformations, coupled together in consecutive panels, to define means of connection between said panels.

The cells that make up the panel can have intermediate longitudinal partitions internally of reinforcement. In coincidence with these partitions, the longitudinal tabbed cells can also protrude externally with the structure described above.

The cells that make up a panel can all be of flat walls. Also at least part of the side walls on one side of the cells may be of curved-convex vertical section.

The aforementioned male and female conformations, which determine the connection means between consecutive panels, are constituted by a longitudinal projection and a channel, respectively, of approximately equal width. Both the projection and the channel are limited by flat side walls facing each other when coupling a male element in a female element. In addition, the projection and the channel have, respectively, on the edge and bottom, respective opposable grooves which, when coupling a male conformation in a female conformation, determine a longitudinal housing for an intermediate connecting element.

The channel defining the female conformation will preferably be deeper than the height of the projection defining the male conformation, the female conformation having lateral steps that limit the penetration of the male element and that when coupling a male conformation in a female conformation will determine an intermediate gap between the facing grooves of said conformations.

In order to ensure the connection between consecutive panels, through the male and female conformations, the opposable side walls of these male and female conformations have projections and longitudinal recesses, in number, position and matching section. These projections and recesses determine locking means which, when coupling a male conformation in a female conformation, prevent the accidental separation of the corresponding panels.

As the panels are hollow structure, they allow to pass through the same service pipes. For access to these pipes, the side walls of the cells have through openings. As for the intermediate connection element, which serves as means of joining between consecutive panels, it will be constituted by bars of section coinciding with the grooves of the conformations and of the gap separating said grooves. These bars can constitute independent pieces, whose sections will be coincident with the sections of the grooves of the male and female conformations and with the section of the intermediate gap separating said grooves.

Also all the bars can constitute a single piece whose section will correspond to that of the whole of the space delimited between the grooves of the male and female conformations.

As indicated above, the panels forming the partition of the invention are obtained by extrusion of plastic materials, with mixed compositions, for example based on recovered, virgin or mixed plastics and also reinforced by general fibers or of any other type. To obtain the panels, the raw material is placed in a hopper and dosed by the end of a cannon whose exterior is equipped with several resistances that generate heat in each of the different areas where they are located. The barrel is provided inside with a screw or spindle which, when rotating, drives the raw material towards the outside. At the same time this raw material subjected to a temperature high enough to acquire a manageable consistency, to then pass under pressure through an extruder nozzle. The necessary temperatures and pressure must be sufficient for the raw material to take the desired shape and thickness and then pass it through a calibrator or bridge rectifier, whose main functions are cooling and rectification of the panels. These functions they allow the panels to obtain hardness and structural rigidity. It must be borne in mind that both the mold or nozzle and the calibrator or bridge rectifier must have the same characteristics, shape and design for the panels to be manufactured.

The next step in the manufacturing process would be the cutting of the panels to the desired lengths, depending on the applications or demands of the builders and consumers.

The partitions composed of panels with the constitution described are designed mainly for the massive construction of houses, allowing to obtain walls, partitions and coatings in general in a very short space of time.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The attached drawings show possible embodiments of the invention, given by way of non-limiting example. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a partial perspective of a partition or structure constituted according to the invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the panel that forms the core of the partition of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a cross-section of the panel of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a perspective similar to Figure 1, showing an execution variant.

Figure 5 is a section similar to Figure 3, showing an execution variant.

Figures 5 to 8 are views similar to Figure 3, showing as many variants of execution of the panel that forms the core of the partition of Figures 1 and 4.

Figure 9 shows in perspective the connection between two consecutive panels.

Figure 10 is a cross section of the connection between two consecutive partitions, taken according to the cutting line X-X of Figure 9.

Figure 11 shows in perspective the connection between panels belonging to a meeting of partitions at 90 °.

Figure 12 is a perspective similar to Figure 11, showing the connection system between panels belonging to walls that intersect perpendicularly.

Figure 13 shows in perspective a possible embodiment of the intermediate element of connection between panels.

Figure 14 shows in section the coupling between the male and female conformations of two consecutive panels.

Figure 15 shows in perspective and schematically the installation for obtaining a panel by extrusion.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A REALIZATION MODE Figure 1 shows a structure of the partition or wall, composed of a core and a coating.

The core is made up of prefabricated panels 1 of extruded tubular structure, based on thermoplastic materials with or without reinforcement elements. For its part, the coating 2 is obtained on the basis of mortars or traditional coating materials.

The prefabricated panel 1, as best seen in figures 2 and 3, is composed of cells 3 longitudinally overlapping, polygonal section, with a wall 4 common between each two cells 3 consecutive.

In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cells have a hexagonal section and their external side walls, coinciding with the edges and angles defined between consecutive walls of the same cell and consecutive cells, projecting outwardly flanges 5 running in the same direction. direction parallel to the cells and that in the represented example are topped along its edge free longitudinal in transverse wings 6 that determine in each flange 5 a section approximately in T.

The flanges 5, together with their wings 6 serve as reinforcing elements of the panel and also as gripping means for the covering 2, figure 1.

The free walls of the end cells, which delimit the longitudinal edges of the panel, have longitudinal male and female conformations which can be coupled together in consecutive panels. The male conformations are constituted by a longitudinal projection 7, while the female conformation is constituted by a longitudinal channel 8. The projection 7 is limited by flat longitudinal walls 9 and the longitudinal channel 8 is internally limited by longitudinal walls 10 also flat, one and the other facing each other when coupling the projection 7 defining the male conformation in the channel 8 that defines the female conformation. The projection 7 has a groove 11 along the free edge. For its part, the channel 8 has a longitudinal groove 12 at the bottom.

The channel 8 is deeper than the height of the projection 7 and has plateaus or lateral steps 13 that will limit the penetration of the projection 7, all of which will be explained below with reference to the figure 14 As can be seen in figure 2, the side walls of the cells 3 have passage openings 14.

In figure 4 the panel 1 is composed of two end cells 3 of hexagonal section and two intermediate cells 3 'of square section, thus allowing to reduce the width of the panel in its central zone, to allow embedding boxes 15, controls or elements belonging to the services that run through cells 3-3 '.

The thickness reduction of the panel 1 can be effected by the two faces of the panel, as shown in figure 4, or only by one of its faces.

In all the cases described so far, cells 3-3 'are limited by flat walls. However, as shown in Figure 5, the external side walls 16, Figure 5, can be curved-convex. In addition, the cells can have intermediate reinforcing walls 17, in coincidence with which they can also open flanges 5. · As shown in Figure 6, the intermediate cells 3 'could be of flat side walls, the end cells keeping the curved-convex walls 16.

In Figure 7 another possible configuration of the cells is shown, in which the end cells have curved-convex walls 16 on both sides, while the intermediate cells 3 'have flat walls on one side and curved-convex on the opposite side.

Figure 8 shows another configuration, in which the end cells 3 are of hexagonal section, while the intermediate cells 3 'are limited on one side by flat walls 18 and on the other side by inclined walls 19 that follow the arrangement of the extreme walls 3.

For the others the panels of figures 5 to 8 include the same components as the panels described with reference to figures 2 and 3.

Figure 9 shows the arrangement and connection between two panels 1 superimposed through their longitudinal edges, occupying a coplanar position and in which, as best seen in figure 14, the projection 7 constituting the male conformation of one of the panels is housed in the channel 8 that defines the female conformation of the other panel, the grooves 11 and 12 facing each other and separated by a space 20 that together define a longitudinal housing for an intermediate connection element which, as shown in FIG. appreciated in figure 10, can to be constituted by two end bars 21, of section coinciding with the grooves 11 and 12, and by a central bar 22 of section approximately coinciding with that of the intermediate hollow 20.

As can be seen in figures 10 and 14, the plateaus or steps 13 of the channel 8 limit the penetration of the projection 7, to define the intermediate gap 20.

In the example shown in the drawings, the grooves 11 and 12 have a circular pattern, with an amplitude slightly greater than 180 °, the bars 21 having a circular section of radius coinciding with that of the grooves 11 and 12. The intermediate bar, on the other hand, 22 is of rectangular section, coinciding with that of the intermediate hollow 20.

The bars 21 and 22 can be independent pieces or form a single piece, as shown in FIG. 13.

In this way, the connection between consecutive panels is achieved by the coupling between the projection 7 and channel 8 that forms the tongue and groove means and by the inclusion of the bars 21 and 22.

The bars 21 and 22 can also serve as means of connection between panels belonging to partitions or structures that cross each other. For example, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, bars 21 and 22 can used as connecting means between partitions 23 and 24 pertaining to walls or structures that impinge or intersect each other at right angles.

As can be seen in figure 14, the facing walls 9 and 10 of the projection 7 and channel 8 defining the male and female conformations, respectively, can have longitudinal projections 25 and 26 in number, positions and matching sections, determining interlocking means between the projection 6 constituting the male element and the channel 8 constituting the female element, by consecutively coupling panels 1, as shown in figure 9.

In this way, the connection between superimposed or consecutive panels 1 is defined by the tongue and groove achieved by the projection 7 and channel 8, with the bars 21 and 22 that constitute the intermediate connection elements and by the longitudinal projections 25 and recesses 26 that act as blocking means to prevent separation between the tongue and groove elements.

As can be understood, each of the facing walls 9 and 10 can have more than one projection 25 and one recess 26 each and further extend said projections and recesses with inclinations in the same or different direction.

The panels 1, will be obtained by extrusion of virgin plastic materials, recovered, mixed, reinforced with mineral fibers or other types of fibers, etc., by a process in which the raw material is placed in a hopper from which it is dosed by a barrel 27, figure 15, provided with a spindle 28 in charge of pushing the raw material towards the outlet of the barrel 27, from where it reaches an extruder nozzle 29. The barrel 27 will be externally gilded with heating resistance for the raw material that is manipulated , which is also heated, until reaching the necessary extrusion temperature, at the outlet of the cannon 27.

From the nozzle 29 extruded panel 1, still at high temperature, which is passed through a calibrator 30, whose main functions are cooling and rectification of the forms of the panel and its components. At the outlet of the calibrator 30, the panel 1 is obtained with sufficient hardness and structural rigidity. The next step would be the cutting of the panels to the desired lengths, according to the demands of the same.

As can be understood, the panel can be formed by a number of cells different from the panels represented and described, and the cells can also have configurations different from those represented.

The holes 14 of the walls of the panels, figure 1, besides allowing the passage of the pipes for service facilities, allow the ventilation of the interior, to eliminate humidity, and reduce weight and cost of raw material.

Claims

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION Having described the present invention, it is considered as a novelty and, therefore, what is contained in the following is claimed as property. CLAIMS

1. - Building partition, consisting of a core and an external covering, where the core is made up of prefabricated panels of extruded tubular structure, based on plastic materials, composed of a series of longitudinally superimposed cells of polygonal section, whose side walls Opposites externally have gripping means for the outer covering, and whose end cells have in the wall defining the edges of the panels, male and female longitudinal conformations coupled together in consecutive panels, characterized in that the male and female conformations are constituted by a longitudinal projection and channel, respectively, of approximately equal width, which are limited by opposable flat side walls and have on the edge and bottom of the projection and channel of respective opposable grooves that determine, when coupling a male conformation in a conformation female, a longitudinal housing for an intermediate connection element.

2. - Septum according to claim 1, characterized in that said gripping means consist of flanges projecting from the walls of the cells, in a direction parallel to said cells.

3. - Septum according to claim 2, characterized in that said tabs protrude along edges and / or angles determined by the intersection between walls of the same cell and / or of consecutive cells.

4. - Septum according to claim 1, characterized in that the cells have intermediate reinforcing partitions, parallel to the male and female conformations.

5. - Partition according to claim 4, characterized in that longitudinal flanges protrude from the walls of the cells in coincidence with the intermediate reinforcing partitions.

6. - Septum according to claims 3 or 5, characterized in that the longitudinal flanges are topped in transverse wings, adopting a T-shaped profile.

7. - Septum according to claim 1, characterized in that all the walls of the cells are flat.

8. - Partition according to claim 1, characterized in that at least part of the side walls of one side of the cells are vertical curved-convex section.

9. - Partition according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel defining the female conformation is deeper than the height of the projection defining the male conformation and has lateral steps that limit the penetration of said projection and define, when coupling a conformation male and a female, an intermediate gap between the facing grooves of said conformations.

10. - Septum according to claim 1, characterized in that the facing side walls of the projection and channel defining the male and female conformations, have projections and longitudinal recesses, in number, positions and matching sections.

11. - Septum according to claim 1, characterized in that the side walls of the cells have through openings.

12. Septum according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate connection element is constituted by bars of section coinciding with those of the grooves of the conformations and of the gap that separates said grooves.

13. - Partition according to claim 12, characterized in that all the bars constitute a single piece.

14. - Seal according to claim 12, characterized in that the connection element is constituted by three independent bars, of sections coinciding with those of the grooves of the male and female conformations and of the intermediate gap separating said grooves.