MX2011004630A - Foamed cement compositions comprising oil-swellable particles and methods of use. - Google Patents
Foamed cement compositions comprising oil-swellable particles and methods of use.Info
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- MX2011004630A MX2011004630A MX2011004630A MX2011004630A MX2011004630A MX 2011004630 A MX2011004630 A MX 2011004630A MX 2011004630 A MX2011004630 A MX 2011004630A MX 2011004630 A MX2011004630 A MX 2011004630A MX 2011004630 A MX2011004630 A MX 2011004630A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
- C09K8/46—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
- C09K8/467—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement containing additives for specific purposes
- C09K8/473—Density reducing additives, e.g. for obtaining foamed cement compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
- C09K8/46—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
- C09K8/467—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement containing additives for specific purposes
- C09K8/487—Fluid loss control additives; Additives for reducing or preventing circulation loss
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
Of the many compositions and methods provided herein, an embodiment of a method comprises introducing a foamed cement composition into a subterranean formation, wherein the foamed cement composition comprises: a cementitious component; a foaming and stabilizing surfactant; an oil-swellable particle; gas; and water; and allowing the settable composition to set in the subterranean formation. Another embodiment of a method comprises introducing a foamed cement composition into an annulus between a pipe string and a subterranean formation, wherein the foamed cement composition comprises comprising: a cementitious component; a foaming and stabilizing surfactant; an oil-swellable particle; gas; and water; and allowing the settable composition to set in the annulus. An embodiment of a foamed cement composition comprises a cementitious component, a foaming and stabilizing surfactant, a swellable particle, gas, and water.
Description
FOAMED CEMENT COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING PARTICLES
INFLATABLE WITH OIL AND METHODS OF USE
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to cementing operations, and more particularly in certain embodiments, to the application of an oil swellable particle to foamed cement compositions, and methods for using these compositions in surface and underground applications.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Cement compositions are commonly used above ground (for example, in the construction industry) and in underground operations, particularly in the completion of underground wells and corrective operations. For example, cement compositions are used in primary cementing operations by which pipe strings such as casing pipes and liners can be cemented in well holes. When performing primary cementing, hydraulic cement compositions can be pumped into the annular space between the walls of a well hole and the outer surface of the pipe string disposed therein. The cement composition is allowed to set in the annular space, thereby forming an annular sheath of substantially hardened impermeable cement where it substantially supports and positions the pipe string in the well hole and joins the outer surface of the pipe string to the Well hole walls. Cement compositions can also be used in corrective cementing operations such as plugging of highly permeable zones or fractures in open wells, plugging of cracks and holes in pipe strings and the like.
Cement compositions used in underground operations may be lightweight to prevent excessive hydrostatic pressure from being exerted on the underground formations penetrated by the wellbore whereby the formations may fracture unintentionally. One type of lightweight cement composition is a foamed cement composition, that is, a cement composition comprising a gas and a foaming surfactant. In addition to being lightweight, the gas contained in the foamed cement composition can improve the ability of the composition to maintain the pressure and prevent the flow of forming fluids in and through the cement composition during its transition time, is say, the time during which the cement composition changes from a common fluid to a set mass. Foamed cement compositions can be advantageous because they can have low fluid loss properties and can act to prevent fluid loss during circulation. Additionally, foamed cement compositions when laid must have a lower modulus of elasticity than non-foamed cements, which is often desirable since it allows the resulting cured cement, inter alia, to resist circumferential stresses exerted on the cement set in the cement. ring.
Once set, the cement sheath can be subjected to a variety of cyclic, sharp, tensile, impact, bending, and / or compressive stresses that can lead to the failure of the cement sheath. This failure can be the result of fractures, cracks and / or disunion of the cement sheath of the pipe string and / or formation. Undesirably, the failure of the cement sheath can lead to the loss of zonal isolation, which results, for example, in the undesirable migration of fluids between the forming zones. This can lead to undesirable consequences such as loss of production, costly corrective operations, environmental contamination, dangerous equipment operations that result from unexpected fluid flow from formation caused by loss of zonal isolation, and / or hazardous production operations.
Additionally, the failure of the cement sheath can also be caused by forces exerted by changes in the underground formations surrounding the wellbore, cement erosion and repeated impacts of the drill bit and drill pipe.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to cementing operations, and more particularly in certain embodiments, to the application of an oil swellable particle to foamed cement compositions, and methods for using these compositions in surface and underground applications.
A . The method of the present invention provides a method comprising: introducing a foamed cement composition into an underground formation, wherein the foamed cement composition comprises: a cementitious component; a foaming and stabilizing surfactant; an inflatable particle with oil; gas; and water; and allow the compostable composition to be set in the underground formation. .
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method comprising: introducing a foamed cement composition in a ring between a pipe string and an underground formation, wherein the foamed cement composition comprises: a cementitious component; a foaming and stabilizing surfactant; an inflatable particle with oil; gas; and water; and allowing the settable composition to be set in the ring.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a foamed cement composition comprising: a cementitious component, a foaming and stabilizing surfactant, an inflatable particle, gas and water.
The features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. While numerous changes can be made by those skilled in the art, these changes are within the spirit of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to cementing operations, and more particularly in certain embodiments, to the application of an oil swellable particle to foamed cement compositions, and methods for using these compositions in surface and underground applications.
The foamed cement compositions of the present invention generally comprise a cementitious component, water, a gas, a foaming and stabilizing surfactant, and an oil swellable particle. As used herein, the term "cementitious component" refers to a material or combination of materials that harden and set by reaction with water. The foamed cement compositions of the present invention should have a density suitable for a particular application as desired by those of ordinary skill in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure. In some embodiments, the foamed foamable compositions of the present invention may have a density in the range of about 0.9592 kg / l (8 ppg) to about 1559 kg / l (13 ppg).
The embodiments of the foamed cement compositions of the present invention comprise a cementitious component which may comprise cement kiln powder ("CKD"). "CKD" as that term used in this document, refers to a partially calcined kiln feed that can be removed from the gas stream and can be collected in a dust collector during cement manufacturing. The CKD may generally comprise a variety of oxides, such as Si02, AI.2O3, Fe203, CaO, MgO, S03, Na20, and K20. The CKD can be included in the foamed cement compositions in an amount sufficient to provide the compression strength, desired density and / or cost reduction. In some embodiments, CKD may be present in the settable compositions of the present invention in an amount of at least about 25% by weight of the cementitious component. In some embodiments, CKD may be present in the settable compositions of the present invention in an amount in the range of about 1% to about 75% by weight of the cementitious component. In some embodiments, CKD may be present in the settable compositions of the present invention in an amount in the range of about 25% to about 50% by weight of the cementitious component.
The embodiments of the foamed cement compositions of the present invention may comprise a cement component that also comprises a hydraulic cement. In certain embodiments, the cementitious component may comprise hydraulic cement and CKD. A variety of hydraulic cements may be used in accordance with the present invention, including, but not limited to, those comprising calcium, aluminum, silicon, oxygen, iron, and / or sulfur, which are hardened and set by reaction with Water. Suitable hydraulic cements include, but are not limited to, Portland cements, pozzolan cements, gypsum cements, high alumina cements, slag cements, silica cements, and combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the hydraulic cement may comprise a Portland cement. In some embodiments, Portland cements that are suitable for use in the present invention include those classified as Class A through H according to the American Petroleum Institute, API Specification. for Materials and Testing for Well Cements, API Specification 10, Fifth Edition, July 1, 1990. In certain embodiments, API Class A, C, G and H hydraulic cements may be preferred.
At present, hydraulic cement can generally be included in cement compositions in an amount sufficient to provide the desired compressive strength, density and / or cost. In some embodiments, hydraulic cement may be present in the cement compositions of the present invention in an amount of about 0.1% to about 100% by weight of cementitious materials. In some embodiments, hydraulic cement may be present in the cement compositions of the present invention in an amount of about 0.1% to about 95% by weight of cementitious materials. In some embodiments, hydraulic cement may be present in the cement compositions of the present invention in an amount of about 20% to about 95% by weight of cementitious materials. In some embodiments, hydraulic cement may be present in the cement compositions of the present invention in an amount in the range of about 50% to about 90% by weight of cementitious materials. |
In some embodiments, a pozzolan cement that may be suitable for use comprises pulverized ash. As used herein, "pulverized ash" refers to the residue from the combustion of pulverized or ground mineral coal, where the pulverized ash carried by the combustion gases can be recovered, for example, by electrostatic precipitation. A variety of pulverized ash may be suitable, including pulverized ash classified as Class C and Class F pulverized ash according to the American Petroleum Institute, API Specification for Materials and Testing for Well Cements, API Specification 10, Fifth Edition, 1 July 1990. Class C pulverized ash comprises both silica and lime so that, when mixed with water, it hardens to form a cured mass. Class F pulverized ash does not generally contain enough lime, so an additional source of calcium ions is required for the Class F pulverized ash to form a cementitious composition with water. In some embodiments, the lime may be mixed with Class F pulverized ash in an amount in the range of about 0.1% to about 25% by weight of the pulverized ash. In some cases, lime can be hydrated lime. Suitable examples of pulverized ash include, but are not limited to, cement additive "POZMIXMR A", commercially available from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., Duncan, Oklahoma.
At present, pulverized ash can generally be included in cement compositions in an amount sufficient to provide the compressive strength, density and / or desired costs. In some embodiments, the pulverized ash may be present in the cement compositions of the present invention in an amount of about 5% to about 75% by weight of cementitious materials. In some embodiments, the pulverized ash may be present in the cement compositions of the present invention in an amount of about 5% to about 50% by weight of cementitious materials.
In some embodiments, a slag cement that may be suitable for use may comprise slag. As used herein, "slag" refers to a by-product of blast furnaces, granulate formed in 1.1.
production of cast iron and generally comprises oxidized impurities found in iron ore. The slag generally does not contain sufficient basic material, so that the slag cement can also comprise a base to produce a cement composition which can react with water to set to form a set mass. Examples of suitable sources of bases include, but are not limited to, sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, lime and combinations thereof.
Where present, slag cement can generally be included in the cement compositions in an amount sufficient to provide the compression strength, density and / or desired costs. In some embodiments, the slag cement may be present in the cement compositions of the present invention in an amount of from 0% to about 75% by weight of cementitious materials. In some embodiments, the slag cement may be present in the cement compositions of the present invention in an amount of about 5% to about 40% by weight of cementitious materials.
Water . used in the foamed cement compositions of the present invention may be fresh water, salt water (e.g., water containing one or more salts dissolved therein), brine (e.g., saturated salt water produced from underground formations), or seawater, or combinations thereof. In general, water can come from any source, provided it does not contain an excess of compounds that can adversely affect other components in the cement composition. The water may be present in an amount sufficient to form a pumpable slurry. More particularly, the water may be present in an amount in the range of about 33% and about 200% by weight of the cementitious materials. In some embodiments, water may be present in an amount in the range of about 35% and about 70% cementitious materials.
The gas used in the foamed cement compositions of the present invention can be any gas suitable for foaming a cement composition, including, but not limited to, air or nitrogen, or combinations thereof. In general, the gas must be present in the foamed cement compositions of the present invention in an amount sufficient to form a suitable foam. In certain embodiments, the gas may be present in an amount in the range. of about 10% and about 80%. in volume of the composition.
Any suitable foaming and stabilizing surfactant can be used in the foamed cement composition of the present invention. Among other things, foaming surfactants and stabilizers can facilitate the foaming of a cement composition and / or also stabilize the resulting foamed cement composition formed therewith. Suitable foaming surfactants and stabilizers may include, but are not limited to, mixtures of an ammonium salt of an alkyl ether sulfate, a cocoamidopropyl betaine surfactant, a cocoamidopropyl dimethylamine oxide surfactant, sodium chloride, and water; mixtures of an ammonium salt of an alkyl ether sulfate surfactant, a cocoamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactant, a cocoamidopropyl dimethylamine oxide surfactant, sodium chloride, and water; Hydrolyzed keratin; mixtures of an ethoxylated alcohol ether sulfate surfactant, an alkyl or alkene amidopropyl betaine surfactant, and an alkyl or alkene dimethylamine oxide surfactant; aqueous solutions of an alpha-olefin sulfonate surfactant and a betaine surfactant; and combinations thereof. An example of a suitable hydrolyzed keratin is described in the U.S. Patent. No. 6,547, 871, the description of which is incorporated herein by reference. The example of suitable mixtures of an ethoxylated alcohol ether sulfate surfactant, an alkyl or alkene amidopropyl betaine surfactant, and an alkyl or alkene dimethylamine oxide surfactant is described in US Patent No. 6,063,738, the description which is incorporated in this document as a reference. Examples of suitable aqueous solutions of an alpha-olefin sulfonate surfactant and a betaine surfactant are described in the U.S. Patent. No. 5,897,699, the description of which is incorporated herein by reference. In one embodiment, the foaming and stabilizing surfactant comprises a mixture of an ammonium salt of an alkyl ether sulfate, a cocoamidopropyl betaine surfactant, a cocoamidopropyl dimethylamine oxide surfactant, sodium chloride and water.
In general, the foaming surfactants and stabilizers should be present in the foamed cement compositions of the present invention in an amount sufficient to provide a suitable foam. In some embodiments, the foaming and stabilizing surfactant may be present in an amount in the range of about 0.8% and about 5% by volume of water ("bow") present in the foamed cement composition.
The embodiments of the foamed cement compositions may comprise an oil swellable particle. As used herein, a particle is characterized as oil swellable when swollen in contact with oil. Oil-swellable particles suitable for use in the embodiments of the present invention can be swollen in general by up to about 50% of their original surface size. Under downhole conditions, this swelling may be more, or less, depending on the conditions presented. For example, swelling can be at least 10% under downhole conditions. In some embodiments, the swelling can be up to about 50% under downhole conditions. However, as will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art with the benefit of this disclosure, the actual swelling when the oil-swellable particles are included in a foamed cement composition may depend, for example, on the concentration of the swellable particles. included in the compostable composition. According to embodiments of the present invention, the inflatable particles can be included in the settable composition, for example, to counteract the formation of cracks in the cement and / or micro-thin sheath between the cement sheath and the pipe string or the formation . In general, the oil-swellable particles must be capable of swelling when they contact the oil to inhibit the flow of fluid through the crack and / or micro-ring. Accordingly, oil-swellable particles can avoid and / or reduce the loss of zonal isolation despite the formation of cracks and / or micro-rings, potentially resulting in an improved annular seal for foamed cement compositions.
An example of an oil swellable particle that can be used in the embodiments of the present invention comprises an oil swellable elastomer. Oil-swellable elastomers suitable for use in the embodiments of the present invention can generally be swollen by up to about 100% of their original surface size when contacted with oil. Under downhole conditions, this swelling may be more, or less, depending on the conditions presented. For example, swelling can be at least 10% under downhole conditions. In some embodiments, the swelling can be up to about 50% under downhole conditions. However, since those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate with the benefit of this disclosure, the current swelling when the swellable elastomer is included in a foamed cement composition may depend, for example, on the concentration of the oil-swellable elastomer. included in the composition of foamed cement, downhole pressure, and downhole temperature, among other factors. Specific examples of suitable swellable elastomers include, but are not limited to, natural rubber, acrylate-butadiene rubber, polyacrylate rubber, isoprene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber (IIR), brominated butyl rubber (BIIR) , chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR), chlorinated polyethylene (CM / CPE), neoprene rubber (CR), styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), styrene-butadiene block copolymer rubber, sulfonated polyethylene (CSM) , ethylene acrylate rubber (EAM / AE), copolymer of epichlorohydrin-ethylene oxide (CO, ECO), ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM and EDPM), ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer rubber (EPT), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, fiorosilicone rubbers ( FVMQ), silicone rubbers (VQ), poly-2, 2, 1-bicycloheptene (polynorbornene), alkylstyrene, and cross-linked vinyl-acrylate copolymers. Combinations of oil-swellable elastomers can also be used. An example of a suitable oil swellable elastomer comprises a block copolymer of a styrene-butadiene rubber. Other inflatable elastomers that behave in a similar way with respect to the oil may also be suitable. Those of ordinary skill in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure, will be able to select an oil swellable elastomer suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention based on a variety of factors, including the application in which the composition will be used and the desired oil-swellable characteristics.
Where used, the oil-swellable particle can generally be included in the cement compositions in an amount sufficient to provide the desired mechanical properties. In some embodiments, the oil-swellable particle may be present in the foamed cement compositions in an amount of up to about 27% bwoc. (eg, about 1%, about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, etc.), alternatively, in a range of about 1% to about 25% bwoc, and alternatively in a range from about 4% to about 20% bwoc.
In addition, the oil-swellable particle that is used can have a wide variety of individual particle shapes and sizes suitable for use according to the embodiments of the present invention. By way of example, the oil-swellable particle can have a well-defined physical form as well as an irregular geometry, including the physical form of platelets, chips, fibers, flakes, slats, bars, strips, spheroids, beads, toroids, pellets. , tablets or any other physical form. In some embodiments, the oil-swellable particle can have a particle size in the range of about 5 microns to about 1,500 microns. In some embodiments, the oil-swellable particle can have a particle size in the range of about 20 microns to about 500 microns. However, particle sizes outside these defined ranges may also be suitable for particular applications. The particle sizes can be measured using a laser particle scattering particle size analyzer from Malvern Company.
In certain embodiments, the settable compositions of the present invention may further comprise metakaolin. In general, metakaolin is a white pozzolan that can be prepared by heating kaolin clay, for example, at temperatures in the range of about 600 ° to about 800 ° C. In some embodiments, the metakaolin may be present in the settable compositions of the present invention in an amount in the range of about 1% to about 50% by weight. In some embodiments, the metakaolin may be present in an amount in the range of about 10% to about 50% by weight.
In certain embodiments, the settable compositions of the present invention may further comprise shale. Among other things, the shale included in the settable compositions may be reacted with excess lime to form a suitable cementation material, for example, calcium silicate hydrate. A variety of shales are suitable, including those comprising silicon, alumina, calcium and / or magnesium. An example of a suitable shale comprises vitrified shale. Suitable examples of vitrified shale include, but are not limited to, "PRESSUR-SEALMR FINE LCM" material and "PRESSUR-SEALMR COARSE LCM" material, which are commercially available from TXI Energy Services, Inc., Houston, Texas. In general, the shale can have any particle size distribution as desired for a particular application. In certain embodiments, the shale may have a particle size distribution in the range of about 37 microns to about 4,750 microns.
Where present, the shale can be included in the settable compositions of the present invention in an amount sufficient to provide the compressive strength, density and / or desired costs. In some embodiments, the shale may be present in an amount in the range of about 1% to about 75% by weight. In some embodiments, the shale may be present in the range of about 5% to about 35% by weight. A person of ordinary skill in the art, with the benefit of this description, will recognize the appropriate amount of shale to include in a selected application.
In certain embodiments, the settable compositions of the present invention may further comprise zeolite. The zeolites are generally porous aluminosilicate minerals which can be either a material or synthetic. Synthetic zeolites are based on the same type of structural cell as natural zeolites, and may comprise aluminosilicate hydrates. As used herein, the term "zeolite" refers to all natural and synthetic forms of zeolite.
In certain embodiments, zeolites suitable for use in the present invention may include "analcime" (which is aluminum hydrous sodium silicate), "bicitaite" (which is lithium aluminum silicate), "brewsterite" (the which is aluminum silicate, calcium, strontium, and hydrated barium), "chabazite" (which is aluminum silicate and calcium hydrate), "clinoptilolite" (which is hydrated aluminum sodium silicate), "faujasite" (the which is silicate of aluminum, magnesium, calcium, potassium, and sodium hydrated), "ferrierite", "harmotoma" (which is aluminum silicate and hydrated barium), "heulandite" (which is aluminum silicate, calcium, sodium hydrated), "laumontite" (which is aluminum silicate and calcium hydrated), "mesolite" (which is aluminum silicate, calcium, and sodium hydrate), "natrolite" (which is aluminum silicate and sodium hydrate) , "paulingite" (which is aluminum silicate, barium, calcium, sodium, hydrated potassium), "filipsite" "(which is aluminum silicate, calcium, sodium, hydrated potassium)," escólecita "(which is aluminum silicate and calcium hydrated)," estellerite "(which is hydrated aluminum silicate and calcium)," estilbita " (which is aluminum silicate, calcium, and sodium hydrate), and "tomsonite" (which is aluminum silicate, calcium, and sodium hydrate), and combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, zeolites suitable for use in the present invention include chabazite and clinoptilolite. An example of a suitable source of zeolite is available from C2C Zeolite Corporation of Calgary, Canada.
In some embodiments, the zeolite may be present in the settable compositions of the present invention in an amount in the range of about 1% to about 40% by weight. In some embodiments, the zeolite may be present in an amount in the range of about 5% to about 25% by weight.
In some embodiments, the settable compositions of the present invention may further comprise a setting retarding additive. As used herein, the term "setting retarding additive" refers to an additive that retards setting of the settable compositions of the present invention. Examples of suitable setting retarding additives include, but are not limited to, ammonium, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals,. metal salts of sulfoalkylated lignins, hydroxycarboxy acids, copolymers comprising acrylic acid or maleic anhydride, and combinations thereof. An example of a suitable sulfoalkylated lignin comprises a sulfomethylated lignin. Suitable setting delaying additives are disclosed in more detail in the U.S. Patent. No. Re. 31,190, the full description of which is incorporated herein by reference. Suitable setting retarding additives are commercially available from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Under the trade names "HRMR 4", "HRMR 5", HRMR 7"," HRMR 12"," HRMR 15", HRMR 25", XSCR ™ 100"and" SCRMR 500. "In general, where used, the setting retarding additive may be included in the settable compositions of the present invention in an amount sufficient to provide the desired setting delay. Setting retardant additive may be present in an amount in the range of about 0.1% to about 5% by weight.
Optionally, other additional additives may be added to the settable compositions of the present invention as deemed appropriate by a person skilled in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure. Examples of these additives include, but are not limited to, accelerators, weight reducing additives, heavy weight additives, circulation loss materials, filtration control additives, dispersants and combinations thereof. Suitable examples of these additives include crystalline silica compounds, amorphous silica, salts, fibers, hydratable clays, microspheres, pozzolan lime, latex cement, thixotropic additives, combinations thereof and the like.
The foamed cement compositions of the present invention can be prepared according to any suitable technique. For example, the cementitious component and water can be combined and mixed for a sufficient period of time to form a pumpable cement composition. Liquid additives, if any, can be mixed with water before combining with the cementitious component. The dry solid additives, if any, can be mixed dry with the cement before combining with the water. In certain embodiments, the cement composition that can be pumped into the wellbore, and the foaming and stabilizing surfactant followed by the gas can be injected into the cement composition, for example, into a "T" foaming mixture, according to the composition of cement is being pumped, in an amount sufficient to form a foamed cement composition. After foaming, the foamed cement composition can be placed in a desired location within the well bore and allowed to set. Those of ordinary skill in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure, will recognize other suitable techniques for preparing the foamed cement compositions of the present invention.
An example of a cementing method of the present invention comprises: placing a foamed cement composition at a location to be cemented, wherein the foamed cement composition comprises a cementitious component comprising a hydraulic cement and CKD, water, a foaming surfactant and stabilizer, and an oil-swellable particle; and allow 'the foamed cement composition to be set. The location to be cemented may be any suitable location, including a location above the ground or a portion of an underground formation, such as between the walls of a well hole and the outer surface of a pipe string disposed therein.
Another example of a cementing method of the present invention comprises: providing a cement composition comprising a cementitious component comprising a hydraulic cement and CKD, water, a foaming and stabilizing surfactant, and an oil swellable particle; combining the cement composition with a gas to form a foamed cement composition; placing the foamed cement composition in a portion of an underground formation; and allowing the foamed cement composition to be set therein.
To facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, the following examples of certain aspects of some embodiments are provided. In no way should the following examples be read to limit, or define, the scope of the invention.
EXAMPLES
Example 1
A thick slurry of Portland cement class H of 1679 kg / liter (14 lb / gal) was prepared. The suspension contained 5% amorphous silica (by weight cement) and 20% elastomer swellable with oil (by weight cement). The oil-swellable rubber was a styrene-butadiene block polymer. This slurry was foamed at 1,319 kg / liter (11 lb / gal) using 2% foaming 760 by volume of water. The weight of the foam reached the desired level when mixed in a pressurized foam mixing bottle for five seconds. For comparison purposes, a slurry was also prepared without the oil-swellable elastomer. Thick foamed suspensions were cured at 60 ° C (140 ° F) for 24 hours. The physical and mechanical properties are reported in Table 1.- A compression resistance test was performed in accordance with the Recommended Practices of API 10B, Twenty-Second Edition, December 1997. The Young's Elasticity Module and the Relationship of Poisson were determined in accordance with ASTM D3148-02.
TABLE 1
Premium cement mixed at 1,679 kg / liter '(14 lb / gal), with 2% bvow of foaming
Therefore, the present invention is well adapted to achieve the ends and advantages mentioned as well as those that are inherent in this document. While numerous changes can be made by those skilled in the art, these changes are included within the spirit of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The terms in the claims have their ordinary, simple meaning unless otherwise explicitly and clearly defined by the patentee.
Claims (20)
1. A method, characterized in that it comprises: introducing a foamed cement composition into an underground formation, wherein the foamed cement composition comprises: a cementitious component; a foaming and stabilizing surfactant; an inflatable particle with oil; gas; Y Water; Y allow the compostable composition to be set in the underground formation.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the foaming and stabilizing surfactant comprises at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of: a mixture of an ammonium salt of an alkyl ether sulfate, a cocoamidopropyl betaine surfactant, a surfactant of cocoamidopropyl dimethylamine oxide, sodium chloride, and water; a mixture of an ammonium salt of an alkyl ether sulfate surfactant, a cocoamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactant, a cocoamidopropyl dimethylamine oxide surfactant, sodium chloride, and water; a hydrolyzed keratin; a mixture of an ethoxylated alcohol ether sulfate surfactant, an alkyl or alkene amidopropyl betaine surfactant, and an alkyl or alkene dimethylamine oxide surfactant; and an aqueous solution of an alpha-olefin sulfonate surfactant and a betaine surfactant.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil-swellable particle is present in the foamed cement composition in an amount from about 1% to about 27% by weight of the cementitious component.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cement component comprises cement kiln powder.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cementitious component comprises hydraulic cement.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cementitious component comprises cement kiln powder in an amount of about 1% to about 75% by weight of the cementitious component.
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil-swellable particle comprises an inflatable elastomer.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil-swellable particle comprises at least one swellable elastomer selected from the group consisting of natural rubber, acrylate-butadiene rubber, polyacrylate rubber, isoprene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, brominated butyl rubber, chlorinated butyl rubber, chlorinated polyethylene, neoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber, styrene-butadiene block copolymer rubber, sulfonated polyethylene, ethylene-acrylate rubber, copolymer epichlorohydrin-ethylene oxide, ethylene-propylene rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, fluorosilicone rubbers, silicone rubbers, poly-2, 2, 1-bicycloheptene (polinorbornene), alkylstyrene, and cross-linked vinyl acrylate copolymer.
9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil-swellable particle comprises a styrene-butadiene rubber block copolymer.
10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cement composition comprises at least one additive selected from the group consisting of pulverized ash, slag, metacaolin, shale and zeolite.
11. A method, characterized in that it comprises: introduce a foamed cement composition in a ring between a pipe string and an underground formation, where. The foamed cement composition comprises: a cementitious component; a foaming and stabilizing surfactant; an inflatable particle with oil; gas; Y Water; Y allow the settable composition to be set in the ring.
12. The method in accordance with the claim II, characterized in that it comprises introducing the pipe string into a well hole that penetrates the underground formation.
13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the oil-swellable particle is present in the foamed cement composition in an amount from about 1% to about 27% by weight of the cementitious component.
14. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the cementitious component comprises hydraulic cement.
15. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the cementitious component comprises cement kiln powder.
16. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the cementitious component comprises cement kiln powder in an amount of about 1% to about 75% by weight of the cementitious component.
17. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the oil-swellable particle comprises an inflatable elastomer.
18. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the oil-swellable particle comprises at least one swellable elastomer selected from the group consisting of natural rubber, acrylate-butadiene rubber, polyacrylate rubber, isoprene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, brominated butyl rubber, chlorinated butyl rubber, chlorinated polyethylene, neoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber, styrene-butadiene block copolymer rubber, sulfonated polyethylene, ethylene-acrylate rubber, copolymer- of epichlorohydrin-ethylene oxide, ethylene-propylene rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, fluorosilicone rubbers, silicone rubbers, poly-2, 2, 1-bicycloheptene (polinorbornene), alkylstyrene, and cross-linked vinyl acrylate copolymer.
19. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the oil-swellable particle comprises a styrene-butadiene rubber block copolymer.
20. A foamed cement composition, characterized in that it comprises: a cementitious component; a foaming and stabilizing surfactant; an inflatable particle; gas; Y Water .
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US12/263,800 US7607484B2 (en) | 2005-09-09 | 2008-11-03 | Foamed cement compositions comprising oil-swellable particles and methods of use |
PCT/GB2009/002597 WO2010061163A1 (en) | 2008-11-03 | 2009-11-02 | Foamed cement compositions comprising oil-swellable particles and methods of use |
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MX2011004630A MX2011004630A (en) | 2008-11-03 | 2009-11-02 | Foamed cement compositions comprising oil-swellable particles and methods of use. |
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EP (1) | EP2362888A1 (en) |
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CA2741491C (en) | 2015-12-29 |
AU2009321422B2 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
US20090312445A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
CA2741491A1 (en) | 2010-06-03 |
EP2362888A1 (en) | 2011-09-07 |
US7607484B2 (en) | 2009-10-27 |
WO2010061163A1 (en) | 2010-06-03 |
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