LU102004B1 - The Methods for Measuring the Variation of SOC When the Power Battery is Discharged and the Conversion Coefficient of Discharge Power - Google Patents
The Methods for Measuring the Variation of SOC When the Power Battery is Discharged and the Conversion Coefficient of Discharge Power Download PDFInfo
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- LU102004B1 LU102004B1 LU102004A LU102004A LU102004B1 LU 102004 B1 LU102004 B1 LU 102004B1 LU 102004 A LU102004 A LU 102004A LU 102004 A LU102004 A LU 102004A LU 102004 B1 LU102004 B1 LU 102004B1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/386—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables using test-loads
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- Tests Of Electric Status Of Batteries (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring the conversion coefficient of power battery discharge power with accurate results and simple methods. It is to discharge the fully charged battery cell at a rate of C/3 to the final discharging voltage under standard conditions, calculate and obtain the standard discharge power QSD; use the same method to perform constant current discharge with different currents I, calculate and obtain the power value QID of the battery discharged at different currents I; fit multiple different discharge currents I with the corresponding discharge power conversion coefficient KID=QSD/QID, and obtain the functional relationship between discharge power conversion coefficient KID and current I: KID= fID(I). Meanwhile, the invention also provides an accurate, simple and practicable method for measuring the variation of SOC when the power battery is discharged. It converts the power discharged by the power battery at the current I into the released power QZ= ? fID(I)Idt at a discharge rate of C/3; when the power battery is discharged, the SOC variation ? SOC = QZ/Qn, Qn is the rated capacity.
Description
The Methods for Measuring the Variation of SOC When the Power Battery is DischargedU102004 and the Conversion Coefficient of Discharge Power Technical Field
[001] The invention relates to the field of chemical power supply application technology, in particular to a method for measuring the discharge of a power battery, especially a method for measuring the conversion coefficient of battery discharge power and SOC variation. Background Technology
[002] The SOC variation of power battery is the basis for calculating the battery SOC, and the power battery SOC is an important parameter in the energy control strategy and battery management system of the finished vehicle of electric vehicles. Accurate SOC information is of great significance for efficient battery management and finished vehicle performance improvement. SOC is the State of Charge, which means the state of charge, also known as the remaining power. For the time being, there is no uniform definition of battery SOC in the world, but most of them are defined by battery power. For example, the United States Advanced Battery Consortium (USABC) defined SOC in the Experiment Manual for Electric Vehicle Batteries as: the ratio of the remaining capacity of the battery to the rated capacity under the same conditions at a specified discharge rate. Because the rated capacity of the battery is different under different charge and discharge rates, and the rated capacity Qn of the battery is defined by the specified condition at a discharge rate of C/3 in China GB/T18332.2-2001.
[003] In the process of using the power battery of electric vehicles, many state parameters of the battery should be paid attention to. Among them, measuring the SOC variation of the power battery is of great significance: 1) Accurate SOC variation of the battery can accurately estimate the current SOC value of the battery; 2) Accurate SOC value of the battery is the basis for formulating the energy control strategy of the finished vehicle of electric vehicles; 3) Accurate SOC value of the battery is an important parameter for efficient battery management; 4) For pure electric vehicles, accurate SOC value of the battery can predict the driving range of vehicles.
[004] In order to accurately calculate the SOC of the battery during discharge, the power under different discharge currents | should be unified into the released power at a discharge rate of C/3 through the power conversion coefficient, and the remaining capacity of the battery can be obtained by converting it to the released power at a discharge rate of C/3. The ratio of the remaining capacity of the battery to the rated capacity Qn can be used to accurately estimate the SOC value of the battery during discharge.
[005] Therefore, it is necessary to define the method for measuring the conversion coefficient of battery discharge power and the method for measuring the SOC variation when the power battery is discharged. 1
Summary of the Invention
[006] The purpose of the invention is to provide a method for measuring the conversion | 02004 coefficient of battery discharge power with accurate results and simple methods. Through the conversion coefficient of battery discharge power, the power of the battery under any discharge current | can be converted into the released power at a discharge rate of C/3.
[007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the method for measuring the conversion coefficient of power battery discharge power comprises the following steps:
[008] (1)Discharge the fully charged battery cell to the final discharging voltage at a constant current rate of C/3 under standard conditions, and record the variation curve of battery discharge current with time, and use the ampere-hour integration method to calculate and obtain the standard discharge power QSD at a discharge rate of C/3; C is the rated capacity of the battery at 3h;
[009] (2)Discharge the fully charged battery cell at a constant current of current | to the final discharging voltage under standard conditions, calculate and obtain the power value QID of the battery discharged at the current |;
[0010] (3)The battery converts the power discharged by the current | into the battery discharge power conversion coefficient KID= QSD/QID of the released power QZ at a discharge rate of C/3;
[0011] (4) Obtain the discharge power conversion coefficient K|D of the battery cells discharged at a constant current with multiple different currents |; fit the discharge current | with the discharge power conversion coefficient, and obtain the functional relationship between discharge power conversion coefficient and current I: KID= fID(!).
[0012] In the method for measuring the conversion coefficient of power battery discharge power, the current | values of the multiple different currents | in Step (3) are 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.3C,
0.4C, 0.5C, 0.6C, 0.7C, 0.8C, 1C, 1.5C and 2C.
[0013] In the method for measuring the conversion coefficient of power battery discharge power, after charging or discharging, the battery is left standing for 1 hour.
[0014] In the method for measuring the conversion coefficient of power battery discharge power, the test temperature for battery cell charging and discharging is the standard condition.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the method for measuring the conversion coefficient of power battery discharge power: the invention converts the power charged by the battery with the current | into the power QZ released at a discharge rate of C/3 through the battery discharge power conversion coefficient KID. The converted power QZ=[KID ldt =ff|D(l)ldt (Ampere-hour integration method, that is, the current | is integrated according to time and then multiplied by K|D for conversion. The current sign is negative during discharge). In order to obtain the functional relationship K|p= f ID(!), the invention adopts a fitting method, that is, by fitting different discharge currents | and the discharge power conversion coefficient K|D corresponding to the discharge current, the 2 functional relationship K|D=f|D(l) between discharge power conversion coefficient and current | is obtained. The fitted functional relationship K|D=f|D(l) has a wide range of applications. Sri different discharge currents |, the battery discharge power conversion coefficient K|D can be obtained only by substituting the function relationship KID=fID (I). It is simple and practicable, the test is more rapid and more convenient, the measurement result is stable, and the application range is wide.
[0016] When fitting the discharge current | and the discharge power conversion coefficient, linear fitting or polynomial fitting is used.
[0017] Meanwhile, the invention also provides an accurate, simple and practicable method for measuring the variation of SOC when the power battery is discharged.
[0018] The method for measuring the variation of SOC when the power battery is discharged comprises the following steps:
[0019] (1) Charge the battery cell at the final discharging voltage to the final discharging voltage at a constant current rate of C/3 at room temperature, then charge it at a constant voltage until the current is less than 0.5A, and finally discharge it to the final voltage, record the variation curve of battery cell discharge current with time, and use the ampere-hour integration method to obtain the discharge power of the battery cell, which is recorded as the rated capacity Qn of the power battery cell;
[0020] (2) Use the method for measuring the conversion coefficient of power battery discharge power above to obtain the function relationship between the discharge power conversion coefficient KID and the current |: KID= f|D(l);
[0021] (3) Convert the power discharged by the power battery at the current | into the released power Qz at a discharge rate of C/3 through the discharge power conversion coefficient KID, the converted power QzZ={K plat =[K|D=f|D(l)Idt, and the current sign is negative during discharge; when discharging at different currents |, the SOC variation A SOC of the power battery is the ratio of the power QZ converted into the C/3 discharge rate to the rated capacity, and the calculation formula is A SOC=Qz/Qn.
[0022] The beneficial effects of the method for measuring the variation of SOC when the power battery is discharged: the invention converts the power charged by the battery at the current | into the power QZ released at a discharge rate of C/3 through the battery discharge power conversion coefficient KID, and by comparing the converted power Qz=[K |D Idt =Jf|D(l)ldt (Ampere-hour integration method, that is, the current | is integrated according to time and then multiplied by KID for conversion) with the rated capacity Qn, the SOC variation ASOC=QzZ/Qn of the power battery can be obtained when it is discharged at different currents I. The measurement method for the SOC variation A SOC is simple and practicable, the test is more rapid and more convenient, the measurement result is stable, and the application range is wide.
3
Description of Drawings
[0023] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method for measuring the charge power variation of the battery or 02004 the invention.
[0024] Figure 2 is a polynomial fitting curve diagram of the conversion coefficients of different charge currents and different charge powers.
[0025] Figure 2 is a polynomial fitting curve diagram of the conversion coefficients of different discharge currents and different discharge powers.
Detailed Description of the Presently Embodiments
[0026] The invention will become more distinct through the following description and in conjunction with the drawings, which are used to describe the embodiments of the invention.
[0027] The embodiments of the invention are now described with reference to the drawings, in which similar element labels represent similar elements.
[0028] Before describing the method for measuring the battery power conversion coefficient of the invention, several concepts involved will be described first.
[0029] Charge power conversion coefficient: KıC= QSD/QIC
[0030] Discharge power conversion coefficient: Kip= QSD/QID
[0031] The method for measuring the battery power conversion coefficient of the invention will be described in detail later.
[0032] The following embodiment takes a LiFePO4 lithium-ion power battery produced by a company as the battery cell as an example, its rated capacity C at a rate of 3h is 10Ah, the rated voltage is 3.2V, the final charging voltage is 3.65V, and the final discharging voltage is
2.5V.
[0033] In the following part, by referring to Figure 1 in conjunction with Figures 2 and 3, the method for measuring the SOC variation of the battery charge power of the invention will be described. The method comprises the following steps:
[0034] In Step S1, determine the charging system and discharging system according to the battery type. In this embodiment, the battery type is LiFePO4 battery (Determining the charging system and discharging system is the prerequisite for the operation of the battery. According to these systems, it can be determined how to fully charge the battery, how to discharge the battery, measure the rated capacity, determine the final charging voltage or termination condition, final discharging voltage or termination condition; after completing a charging or discharging process, it is necessary to stand for a period of time before proceeding to the next operation. The standing time is subject to no variation of battery voltage. In this embodiment, it usually takes 1h; the charging system and discharging system can not only be provided by the battery manufacturer, but also set according to the national standards such as QC/T742-2006, QC/T743-2006 and QC/T744-2006 corresponding to lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries and nickel-hydrogen batteries, respectively); 4
[0035] In Step S2, determine the rated capacity of LiFePO4 battery: discharge the remaining power of LiFePO4 battery pack according to the discharging system determined in Step gp 102004 (discharge at a constant current of 0.33C, i.e. 3.3A), then charge it to the final charging voltage according to the charging system determined in Step S1 (charge at a constant current of 0.33C, i.e. 3.3A), and then discharge it at a constant voltage until the current is less than 0.5A, and finally discharge it to the final discharging voltage. The power discharged from the fully charged state to the final discharging voltage is the rated capacity Qn. In this embodiment, the measured value of the rated capacity Qn is 10.57Ah;
[0036] In Step S3, determine the standard charge power QSC of LiFePO4 battery: discharge the LiFePO4 battery cell according to the discharging system determined in Step S1 into a fully charged battery cell at 20+5°C (discharge at a constant current rate of C/3) until the final discharging voltage stops, and then charge it according to the charging system (charge at a constant current rate of C/3) determined in Step S1 until the final charging voltage stops, and integrate the charge current on time, so as to obtain the standard charge power QSC of the battery;
[0037] In Step S4, determine the standard discharge power QSD of LiFePO4 battery: charge the LiFePO4 battery cell according to the charging system determined in Step S1 into the final discharging voltage battery cell at 20+5°C (charge at a constant current rate of C/3) until the final charging voltage stops, and then discharge it according to the discharging system (discharge at a constant current rate of C/3) determined in Step S1 until the final discharging voltage stops (when the battery voltage reaches 2.5V, the minimum voltage that the battery can reach under normal conditions), and integrate the discharge current on time, so as to obtain the standard discharge power QSD of the LiFePO4 battery;
[0038] In Step S5, determine the power value Q|C of the LiFePO4 battery charged at different currents |: in this embodiment, it is necessary to discharge the fully charged LiFePO4 battery cell at 20+5°C (discharge at a constant current rate of C/3) into the final discharging voltage, after standing for 1h, when charging at a constant current rate of 0.1C to the final charging voltage of 3.65V, the default charge is completed. Record the current variation curve of LiFePO4 battery with time, and integrate it to obtain the power value at a constant current charge rate of
0.1C. Then, complete the charging process at 0.2C, 0.3C, 0.4C, 0.5C, 0.6C, 0.7C, 0.8C, 1C,
1.5C, 2C rates with the same steps, and record the corresponding current variation curves with time, and integrate and calculate it to obtain the power value QIC corresponding to different current constant current charge, respectively;
[0039] In Step S6, determine the power value QID of the LiFePO4 battery discharged at different currents |: in this embodiment, it is necessary to charge the final discharging voltage LiFePO4 battery cell at 20+5°C (charge at a constant current rate of C/3) into the final charging voltage, after standing for 1h, discharge it at a constant current rate of 0.1C to the final battery 5 voltage (the final voltage is 2.5V), record the current variation curve of LiFePO4 battery with time, and integrate it to obtain the discharge power value at a rate of 0.1C. Then, complete the 102004 discharging process at 0.2C, 0.3C, 0.4C, 0.5C, 0.6C, 0.7C, 0.8C, 1C, 1.5C, 2C rates with the same steps, and record the corresponding current variation curves with time, and integrate and calculate it to obtain the power value Q|D corresponding to different current constant current discharge, respectively;
[0040] In Step S7, use the expression K|C=Q SD/QIC of the charge power conversion coefficient, and compare the QSD value of standard discharge power to the power value QIC at a constant current charge rate of 0.1C, so as to obtain the charge power conversion coefficient at a rate of 0.1C. Then 10 charge power conversion coefficients corresponding to 0.2C, 0.3C,
0.4C, 0.5C, 0.6C, 0.7C, 0.8C, 1C, 1.5C and 2C rates can be obtained with the same method. Take the current as the abscissa and the charge power conversion coefficient as the ordinate, trace these points on the diagram to obtain an approximate fourth-time curve. Perform polynomial fitting, and take the highest power of the curve as 4, that is, K|C= a ol*+a 134a012+a3|+a4, where ap, a1, a2, a3 and a4 are undetermined coefficients. Use the least square method to fit the curve, and obtain:
[0041] KIC= -0.0010I 4.,0.04081%-0.39741%11.60571+95.7327, draw it on the two-dimensional diagram to obtain the Figure 2;
[0042] In Step S8, use the expression KID= QSD/QID of the discharge power conversion coefficient, and compare the QSD value of standard discharge power to the power value Q|D at a constant current charge rate of 0.1C, so as to obtain the discharge power conversion coefficient at a rate of 0.1C. Then 10 discharge power conversion coefficients corresponding to
0.2C, 0.3C, 0.4C, 0.5C, 0.6C, 0.7C, 0.8C, 1C, 1.5C and 2C rates can be obtained with the same method. Take the current as the abscissa and the charge power conversion coefficient as the ordinate, trace these points on the diagram for observation and perform residual analysis to obtain an approximate fourth-time curve. Perform polynomial fitting, and take the highest power of the curve as 4, that is, KID= b0l*+b11°+b21“+b8l+b4, where bo, b1, b2, b3 and ba are undetermined coefficients. Use the least square method to fit the curve, and obtain:
[0043] KID= -0.00261 4. 0.09551*-0.94061°+3.56901+95.4936, draw it on the two-dimensional diagram to obtain the Figure 3;
[0044] In Step S9, calculate the SOC variation of the power battery at state of charge: the calculation formula is A SOC =/ Klld/Qn, KI is the power conversion coefficient, the current sign is negative during discharging, K| is KID= -0.00261*+0.09551*-0.94061°+3.56 901+95.4936; the current sign is positive during charging, KI is KIC= -0.00101*+0.04081°-0.397417+1.60571+9
5.7327, 6
[0045] It should be noted that the charge and discharge rates of 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.3C, 0.4C, 0.5C, 0.6C,
0.7C, 0.8C, 1C, 1.5C, 2C used in the above steps can also be charged and discharged at other 1 02004 appropriate rates.
[0046] When calculating the battery SOC, the remaining battery capacity used in the invention should uniformly convert the power under different charge and discharge currents | into the released power of at a discharge rate of C/3 through the power conversion coefficient, so as to change the estimation of battery SOC under different charge and discharge currents | into the ratio of remaining battery capacity and rated capacity Qn under the discharge rate of C/3, and the SOC value of the power battery is the initial SOCQ of the battery plus the variation of SOC, thatis, SOC=SOC)+ASOC.
[0047] The invention is described in combination with the best embodiments above, but the invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed above, but should cover various modifications and equivalent combinations according to the nature of the invention.
7
Claims (5)
1. A method for measuring the conversion coefficient of power battery discharge power, whic comprises the following steps: (1) Discharge the fully charged battery cell to the final discharging voltage at a constant current rate of C/3 under standard conditions, and record the variation curve of battery discharge current with time, and use the ampere-hour integration method to calculate and obtain the standard discharge power QSD at a discharge rate of C/3; C is the rated capacity of the battery at 3h; (2) Discharge the fully charged battery cell at a constant current of current | to the final discharging voltage under standard conditions, calculate and obtain the power value Q|D of the battery discharged at the current |; (3) The battery converts the power discharged by the current | into the battery discharge power conversion coefficient KID= QSD/QID of the released power QZ at a discharge rate of C/3; (4) Obtain the discharge power conversion coefficient KID of the battery cells discharged at a constant current with multiple different currents I; fit the discharge current | with the discharge power conversion coefficient, and obtain the functional relationship between discharge power conversion coefficient and current I: Kip= fID(!).
2. The method for measuring the conversion coefficient of power battery discharge power as described in Claim 1, which is characterized in that, the current | values of the multiple different currents | in Step (3) are 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.3C, 0.4C, 0.5C, 0.6C, 0.7C, 0.8C, 1C, 1.5C and 2C.
3. The method for measuring the conversion coefficient of power battery discharge power as described in Claim 1, which is characterized in that, after charging or discharging, the battery is left standing for 1 hour.
4. The method for measuring the conversion coefficient of power battery discharge power as described in Claim 1, which is characterized in that, the test temperature for battery cell charging and discharging is the standard condition.
5. The method for measuring the SOC variation when the power battery is discharged comprises the following steps: 8
(1) Charge the battery cell at the final discharging voltage to the final LU102004 discharging voltage at a constant current rate of C/3 at room temperature, then charge it at a constant voltage until the current is less than 0.5A, and finally discharge it to the final voltage, record the variation curve of battery cell discharge current with time, and use the ampere-hour integration method to obtain the discharge power of the battery cell, which is recorded as the rated capacity Qn of the power battery cell;
(2) Use the method for measuring the conversion coefficient of power battery discharge power as described in any of Claims 1-4 to obtain the function relationship between the discharge power conversion coefficient KID and the current |: KID = fiD(l);
(3) Convert the power discharged by the power battery at the current | into the released power QZ at a discharge rate of C/3 through the discharge power conversion coefficient KID, the converted power QZ=f K IDIdt =| KID=f ID(I)Idt, and the current sign is negative during discharge; when discharging at different currents |, the SOC variation A SOC of the power battery is the ratio of the power QZ converted into the C/3 discharge rate to the rated capacity, and the calculation formula is A SOC = QZ/Qn. 9
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