KR960015216B1 - Making method of cu-zr-ce-la-nb-pd alloy - Google Patents

Making method of cu-zr-ce-la-nb-pd alloy Download PDF

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KR960015216B1
KR960015216B1 KR1019940011382A KR19940011382A KR960015216B1 KR 960015216 B1 KR960015216 B1 KR 960015216B1 KR 1019940011382 A KR1019940011382 A KR 1019940011382A KR 19940011382 A KR19940011382 A KR 19940011382A KR 960015216 B1 KR960015216 B1 KR 960015216B1
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copper
alloy
cooling
rolling
zirconium
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KR1019940011382A
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KR950032666A (en
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김창주
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한국기계연구원
서상기
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Priority to JP7091123A priority patent/JP2744209B2/en
Priority to DE19514803A priority patent/DE19514803C2/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/222Non-consumable electrodes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon

Abstract

This copper alloy is used for electrical contact material or electrode material for resistance welding and spot welding. This alloy comprises 0.02 to 3.00wt.% Zr, 0.02 to 0.50wt.% total sum of Ce, La, Nd, and Pr and the balance of Copper. This alloy is produced by the processes of (a) manufacturing of a billet or slab by melting and casting the same composition as above as starting materials, (b) hot working the billet or slab by forging, rolling and extrusion in the reduction ratio of over 85% at 800 to 950deg.C for removing cast structure, (c) solution treating the hot worked material by quenching such as water cooling or oil cooling after holding for over 30min per the thickness of 1 inch at 800 to 1050deg.C, (d) cold working by rolling, forming, drawing in the reduction ratio of over 70% at room temperature, and (e) aging hardening heat-treating by water cooling, oil cooling, air cooling after holding for over 1 hr at 350 to 550deg.C..

Description

저항용접기 전극용 동-지르코늠-세리움-란탄-니오디미움 프라세오디미움 합금의 제조방법Method for producing copper-zirconium-cerium-lanthanum-nidiumdium praseodymium alloys for resistance welder electrodes

본 발명은 저항용접기용 전극재인 동(Cu) -지르코늄(Zr) -세리움(Ce) -란탄(La) -니오디미움(Nd) -프라세오디미움(pr) 금의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for producing a copper (Cu)-zirconium (Zr)-cerium (Ce)-lanthanum (La)-nidium (Nd)-prasedium (pr) gold as an electrode material for resistance welding. .

종래의 경우는 크롬(Cr)과 지르코늄(Zr)의 총함량을 1%(중량백분률) 전후 함유한 동(Cu)-크롬(Cr) 2원합금이나 동(Cu)-크롬(Cr)-지르코늄(Zr) 3원합금을 가공과 열처리로써 도전률을 순동의 80% 정도 유지하면서 강도는 순동의 2∼3배 정도까지 향상시킬 수 있게하여, 공업적으로 강판의 저항용접 및 스포트용접 전극재로서 사용하고 있다.In the conventional case, a copper (Cu) -chromium (Cr) binary alloy or a copper (Cu) -chromium (Cr)-containing a total content of chromium (Cr) and zirconium (Zr) before and after 1% (weight percent) By processing and heat-treating zirconium (Zr) ternary alloy, the conductivity can be improved to about 2 to 3 times that of pure copper while maintaining the electrical conductivity of about 80% of pure copper. It is used as.

동(Cu)-지르코늄(Zr) 2원합금의 상태도를 보면, 용체화 처리하는 부근의 온도인 1,000℃ 정도로 가열하면 지르코늄(Zr)은 0.15% 정도가 고용되며, 이를 시효처리하면 미세한 지르코늄(Zr) 입자들이 석출하여 기지를 강화시키나 450℃ 이상의 고온에서는 경도가 급격히 저하된다.In the state diagram of the copper (Cu) -zirconium (Zr) binary alloy, zirconium (Zr) is dissolved in about 0.15% when heated to about 1,000 ° C, which is the temperature near the solution treatment, and when it is aged, fine zirconium (Zr) is employed. ) Particles precipitate to reinforce the matrix, but the hardness decreases rapidly at a temperature higher than 450 ° C.

이러한 관점에서, 동(Cu)-지르코늄(Zr) 2원합금은 저항용접 및 점(스포트) 용접용 전극으로 사용되는 경우에, 순간적으로 높은 가압력하에서 대전류가 통하여 높은 저항열이 발생하는 상황이므로 접촉부의 소모가 크며, 피접물에 들러붙는 소위 스티킹(sticking) 현상이 종종 나타나는 경우가 있다.From this point of view, the copper-zirconium (Zr) binary alloy is used for resistance welding and spot (spot) welding, which is a situation where high resistance heat is generated through high current under instantaneous high pressing force. The consumption of is large, and the so-called sticking phenomenon which adheres to a to-be-adhered object often appears.

이러한 문제점들은 전극의 수명을 저해하며 용접부를 깨끗하지 못하게하고 한편, 동(Cu)-지르코늄(Zr) 2원합금에 대하여 제반의 특성을 개선하기 위해, 시효경화성이 높은 Al, Si, Be, Co 등과 같은 원소들을 첨가하는 경우에, 그 원소의 종류와 첨가량의 증가에 따라 경도는 어느 정도 향상시킬 수 있으나 도전률은 크게 저해되는 경우가 일반적이어서 적당하지 못하다.These problems hinder the life of the electrode and make the weld unclean, while improving the characteristics of the copper-zirconium (Zr) binary alloy in order to improve the characteristics of Al, Si, Be, Co. In the case of adding elements such as the like, the hardness can be improved to some extent with the increase in the kind and the amount of the element, but the conductivity is largely impaired.

그리고 이미 알려진 일본특개소 63-38543호는 냉각가공후에 용체화열처리하는 방법이고 본 발명은 용체화 처리후 냉각가공을 하며 일본특개소 63-93837호는 전자기기 리드용 동합금의 제조법이나 본 발명은 저항용접기 전극용 동합금의 제조방법과는 기술개념이 상이하다.In addition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-38543 is a method for heat treatment after solution cooling, and the present invention is a cooling process after solution treatment. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-93837 is a method for manufacturing a copper alloy for electronic device lead or the present invention. The technical concept is different from the manufacturing method of the copper alloy for resistance welder electrodes.

이러한 문제점을 고려하여 본 발명에서는, 동(Cu)-지르코늄(Zr) 2원합금 중에 고용할 수 있고, 주성분인 동(Cu)과 화합물을 형성할 수 있는 원소들인 세리움(Ce), 란탄(La), 니오디미움(Nd) 및 프라세오디미움(Pr)을 첨가하여 용해 후 주괴를 제조하고, 이를 가공열처리하여 높은 온도에서도 미세하고 안정한 여러가지 석출물들이 기지 전반에 생성하여 재료의 특성을 개선할 수 있게 하였다.In view of the above problems, in the present invention, elements such as cerium (Ce) and lanthanum (Cu), which can be dissolved in a copper (Zr) binary alloy and can form compounds with copper (Cu) as a main component, La), Nidium (Nd) and Praseodymium (Pr) are added to produce ingot after dissolution and processing heat treatment to produce various precipitates that are fine and stable even at high temperature throughout the base to improve the properties of the material. I could do it.

그리고 특히 세리움(Ce) 및 란탄(La)의 첨가는 합금용에 과정에서 탈산제로서의 효과도 매우 크다.In particular, the addition of cerium (Ce) and lanthanum (La) is also very effective as a deoxidizer in the process for the alloy.

즉, 본 발명은 높은 온도에서도 재료의 특성을 안정적으로 유지시키고, 용접시 스티킹 현상을 현저히 줄이며, 용접수명을 개선시킬 수 있는 방법으로서, 실시예의 결과를 보면 525℃의 고온시효 후에도 경도와 도전률은 각각 HRB 70∼80, LACS 80∼89%를 유지하며 용접특성이 개선되었다.That is, the present invention is a method that can stably maintain the properties of the material even at high temperature, significantly reduce the sticking phenomenon during welding, and improve the welding life. The welding rate was improved with HRB of 70-80 and LACS of 80-89%, respectively.

이하 그 제조공정을 실시예에 의거 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the manufacturing process will be described in detail with reference to Examples.

동(Cu)을 주성분으로 하고, 여기에 지르고늄(Zr)의 함량은 0.02∼3.00%(중량백분률)의 범위로 첨가하고, 여기에 가공열처리시 또다른 안정한 석출물들인 CuwCe, CuxLa, CuyNd 및 CuzPr 등을 석출시킬 수 있는 세리움(Ce), 란탄(La), 니오디미움(Nd) 및 프라세오디미움(Pr)의 총함량을 0.02∼0.50%(중량백분율) 합금용해한 후 주괴를 제조한다.The main component is copper (Cu), and the content of zirconium (Zr) is added in the range of 0.02 to 3.00% (weight percentage), and further stable precipitates during processing heat treatment, Cu w Ce, Cu x The total content of cerium (Ce), lanthanum (La), nidium (Nd) and praseodymium (Pr), from which La, Cu y Nd and Cu z Pr can be deposited, is 0.02 to 0.50% (weight Percentage) The alloy is prepared after melting.

그리고 이러한 성분으로 제조된 주괴는 다음의 3가지 가공열처리 공정을 거쳐 재료나 전극을 제조함으로써, 기지 중에는 미세하고 안정한 석출물이 균일하게 다량 분포되어 저항용접용 전극으로서의 내구성을 향상시킬 수 있게 하였다.In addition, the ingot made of such a component is manufactured by the following three processing heat treatment steps to produce a material or an electrode, thereby allowing a large amount of fine and stable precipitates to be uniformly distributed in the matrix, thereby improving durability as an electrode for resistance welding.

[실시예 1]Example 1

지르코늄(Zr)의 함량은 0.02∼3.00%(중량백분률)의 범위로 첨가하고, 상기에 세리움(Ce) 란탄(La), 니오디미움(Nd) 및 프라세오디미움(Pr)의 총함량을 0.02∼0.50%(중량백분율) 함유하고, 동(Cu)을 나머지로하는 동(Cu) 합금을 용해 후 주괴를 제조하고, 상기 주괴의 주조조직올 제거할 수 있는 7S(약 85%) 이상의 가공비로써 800∼950℃에서 단조, 압연, 압출 등을 행하고, 상기를 800∼1,050℃에서 두께 1인치 당 30분 이상 유지한 후 수냉, 유냉 등으로 급냉하여 용체화 처러를 행하고, 상기를 상온에서 70% 이상의 가공비로써 압연, 단조, 인발 등의 냉간가공을 행하고, 상기를 350∼550℃에서 1시간 이상 유지후 수냉, 유냉,공냉 등으로 시효경화 열처리를 행하고 상기의 과정을 마친 소재는 그 상태대로 사용하거나 전극 등의 부품을 제조한다.The content of zirconium (Zr) is added in the range of 0.02 to 3.00% (percent by weight), and the total of cerium (Ce) lanthanum (La), niobium (Nd) and praseodymium (Pr) 7S (approximately 85%) containing 0.02 to 0.50% (by weight percentage) and capable of dissolving the cast alloy after dissolving the copper (Cu) alloy containing the rest of copper (Cu). Forging, rolling, extrusion, etc. are carried out at 800-950 degreeC by the above-mentioned processing ratio, and it hold | maintains the above 30 minutes per inch of thickness at 800-1,050 degreeC, and it quenchs by water cooling, oil cooling, etc., and performs solution solution, and the said room temperature Cold work such as rolling, forging, drawing, etc. at 70% or more processing cost, and maintaining the above at 1 hour or more at 350 ~ 550 ℃, aging curing heat treatment by water cooling, oil cooling, air cooling, etc. Use as it is or manufacture parts such as electrodes.

[실시예 2]Example 2

지르코늄(Zr)의 함량은0.02∼3.00%(중량백분률)의 범위로 첨가하고, 상기에 마세리움(Ce), 란탄(La), 니오디미움(Nd) 및 프라세오디미움(Pr)의 총함량을 0.02∼0.50%(중량백분율) 함유하고, 동(Cu)을 나머지로 하는 동(Cu) 합금을 용해 후 주괴를 제조하고, 상기를 주조조직을 제거할 수 있는 7S(약 85%) 이상의 가공비로써 800∼950℃에서 단조, 압연, 압출 등을 행하고, 상기를 800∼1,050℃에서 두꼐 1인치 당 30분이상 유지한 후에 수냉, 유냉등으로 급냉하여 용체화 처리를 행하고, 상기를 350∼550℃에서 1시간 이상 유지 후 수냉, 유냉, 공냉 등으로 시효경화 열처리를 행하고 상기를 상온에서 70% 이상의 가공비로써 압연, 단조, 인발 등의 냉간가공을 행하고, 상기의 과정을 마친 소재는 그 상태대로 사용하거나 전극 등의 부품을 제조한다.The content of zirconium (Zr) is added in the range of 0.02 to 3.00% (weight percentage), and the above is made up of maserium (Ce), lanthanum (La), nidium (Nd) and praseodymium (Pr). 7S (about 85%) which contains 0.02 to 0.50% (by weight percentage) of total content and dissolves the copper alloy containing copper (Cu) as a remainder and removes the cast structure. Forging, rolling, extrusion, etc. are carried out at 800-950 degreeC by the above-mentioned process ratio, and it hold | maintains the above at 30 to 1 minute thick at 800-1,050 degreeC, and it quenchs by water cooling, oil cooling, etc., and performs the above solution 350. After holding at 550 ° C for at least 1 hour, aging hardening heat treatment is performed by water cooling, oil cooling, air cooling, etc., and cold processing such as rolling, forging, drawing, etc. is carried out at a processing rate of 70% or more at room temperature. Use as it is or manufacture parts such as electrodes.

[실시예 3]Example 3

지르코늄(Zr)의 함량은 0.02∼3.00%(중량백분률)의 범위로 첨가하고, 상기에 세리움(Ce), 란탄(La), 니오디미움(Nd) 및 프라세오디미움(Pr)의 총함량을 0.02∼0.50%(중량백분율)함유하고, 동(Cu)을 나머지로하는 동(Cu) 합금을 용해 후 주괴를 제조하고, 상기를 주조조직을 제거할 수 있는 7S(약 85%) 이상의 가공비로써 800∼950℃에서 단조, 압연, 압출 등을 행하고, 상기를 800∼1,050℃에서 두께 1인치 당 30분 이상 유지한 후에 수냉, 유냉 등으로 급냉하여 용체화 처리를 행하고, 상기를 350∼550℃에서 1시간 이상 유지 후 수냉, 유냉, 공냉 등으로 시효경화 열처리를 행하고, 상기의 과정을 마친 소재는 그 상태대로 사용하거나 전극 등의 부품을 제조한다.The content of zirconium (Zr) is added in the range of 0.02 to 3.00% (weight percent), and the content of cerium (Ce), lanthanum (La), niodidium (Nd) and praseodymium (Pr) 7S (about 85%) containing 0.02 to 0.50% (by weight percentage) of total content and melting the copper (Cu) alloy with the remainder of copper (Cu) to produce an ingot and removing the cast structure. Forging, rolling, extrusion, etc. are carried out at 800-950 degreeC with the above-mentioned processing ratio, and after maintaining at least 30 minutes per inch of thickness at 800-1,050 degreeC, it is quenched by water cooling, oil cooling, etc., and the said 350 is carried out. After holding at ˜550 ° C. for at least 1 hour, the age hardening heat treatment is performed by water cooling, oil cooling, air cooling, or the like, and the above-described materials are used as they are or parts such as electrodes are produced.

위의 제1실시예에 따라 제조한 실시예의 결과를 제시하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the results of the embodiment prepared according to the first embodiment as follows.

실시예에서 합금의 종류와 각각의 성분은 다음의 표 1에서와 같으며, 두께 70mm의 주괴로 용해주조하였다.In Example, the type of alloy and each component are as shown in Table 1 below, and were cast by ingot with a thickness of 70mm.

상기를 880℃에서 두께 10mm까지 7S(약 85%)의 가공도로써 열간압연하고, 960℃에서 1시간 유지후 수냉함으로써 용체화처리한 것을 상온에서 두꼐 1.5mm까지 85% 냉간압연한 후, 425℃,450℃,475℃,500℃,525℃ 및 550℃에서 각각 3시간 유지후 수냉시켜 시효경화 열처리하였다.After hot rolling at a processing degree of 7S (about 85%) up to a thickness of 10 mm at 880 ° C, and maintaining the solution at 960 ° C. for 1 hour, the solution solution was cold-rolled to 85 mm at 85 ° C. at a temperature of 425 ° C., and then 425 After aging for 3 hours at 450 ° C., 475 ° C., 500 ° C., 525 ° C. and 550 ° C., the solution was cooled by water and subjected to age hardening.

그 결과는 다음의 표 2에서와 같으며, 표 2중에는 같은 공정을 거친 기존의 동(Cu)-크롬(Cr) 2원합금 2원합금의 경우도 제시하였다.The results are shown in Table 2 below. Table 2 also shows the case of the conventional copper (Cu) -chromium (Cr) binary alloy binary alloy.

그리고 스포트용접 전극의 경우는 용접작업시에 피접물과 서로 들러붙는 스티킹(stcking) 효과를 현저하게 개선하였으며, 용접조건에 있어서, 전류 10KA, 통전시간 10Cycle 및 가압력 300Kg일 때에 용접수명은 기존의 동(Cu)-2.0% 지르코늄(Zr) 2원합금의 경우가 300타점 이상에서도 용접점의 직경의 한계점인 4.0mm를 상회하는 정도로 현저히 개선되였으며, 이는 기지중에 균일하게 분포된 미세하고 안정한 각종의 석출물의 존재에 기인한 것으로 본다.In the case of spot welding electrode, the sticking effect of the welding object and sticking together was remarkably improved.In the welding condition, the welding life is maintained at 10KA current, 10Cycle current and 300Kg pressing force. The copper (Cu) -2.0% zirconium (Zr) binary alloy was remarkably improved to exceed the limit of 4.0 mm, the diameter of the welding point, even at 300 R & D points. This may be due to the presence of precipitates.

[표 1]TABLE 1

동(Cu)-지르코늄(Zr)-셀리움(Ce)-란탄(La)-니오디미움(Nd)-프라세오디미움(Pr) 합금의 예에 있어서 화학조성분조성(중량백분율)Chemical composition (weight percent) in the examples of copper (Cu) -zirconium (Zr) -celium (Ce) -lanthanum (La) -nidium (Nd) -praseodymium (Pr) alloys

[표 2]TABLE 2

동(Cu)-지르코늄(Zr)-세리움(Ce)-란탄(La)-니오디미움(Nd)-프라세오디미움(Pr)합금의 예와 다른합금에 있어서 시효온도에 따른 경도와 도전률의 비교Hardness and Challenges According to Aging Temperature in Copper-Zirconium (Zr) -Cerium (Ce) -Lantan (La) -Nidium (Nd) -Prasedium (Pr) Alloys and Other Alloys Comparison of rates

(경도; HRB, 도전률; LACS%)(Hardness; HRB, conductivity; LACS%)

* 참고문헌: 1) Binary alloy phase diagrams, ASM, vo1.1(1986) P933* References: 1) Binary alloy phase diagrams, ASM, vo1.1 (1986) P933

Claims (1)

저항용접기 전극재용 동합금을 제조함에 있어서, 지르코늄(Zr)의 함량은 0.02∼3.00%(중량백분률)의 범위로 첨가하고, 상기에 세리움(Ce), 란탄(La), 니오디미움(Nd) 및 프라세오디미움(Pr)의 총함량을 0.02∼0.50%(중량백분율) 함유하고, 동(Cu)을 나머지로 하고 상기 동(Cu) 합금을 용해 후 주괴를 제조하는 공정, 상기를 주조조직을 제거할 수 있는 7S(약 85%) 이상의 가공비로써 800∼950℃에서 단조, 압연, 압출 등을 행하는 공정, 상기를 800∼1,050℃에서 두께 1인치 당 30분이상 유지한 후 수냉, 유냉 등으로 급냉하여 용체화 처리를 행하는 공정, 상기를 상온에서 70% 이상의 가공비로써 압연, 단조, 인발 등의 냉간가공을 행하는 공정. 상기를 350∼550℃에서 1시간 이상 유지후 수냉, 유냉, 공냉 등으로 시효경화 열처리를 행하는 공정, 상기의 과정을 마친 소재를 그 상태대로 사용하거나 전극 등의 부품을 제조하는 공정으로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 저항용접기 전극용 동-지르코늄-세리움-란탄-니오디미움-프라세오디미움 합금의 제조방법.In the production of copper alloy for resistance welding electrode material, the content of zirconium (Zr) is added in the range of 0.02 to 3.00% (weight percentage), and the cerium (Ce), lanthanum (La), nidium (Nd) ) And a process for producing ingot after dissolving the copper (Cu) alloy with 0.02 to 0.50% (weight percentage) of total content of praseodymium (Pr) Forging, rolling, extrusion, etc. at 800 to 950 ° C with a processing cost of 7S (approximately 85%) or more to remove the structure, and maintaining the above at 30 minutes per 1 inch thickness at 800 to 1,050 ° C for water cooling and oil cooling A step of performing quenching by quenching, etc. to perform a solution treatment, and a step of performing cold working such as rolling, forging, drawing, etc. at a processing ratio of 70% or more at normal temperature. After the above step is maintained at 350 to 550 ° C. for at least 1 hour, the step of aging hardening is performed by water cooling, oil cooling, or air cooling, and the process of using the finished material as it is or manufacturing components such as electrodes. A method of producing a copper-zirconium-cerium-lanthanum-nidium-prasedium-dium alloy for resistance welder electrodes.
KR1019940011382A 1994-05-23 1994-05-23 Making method of cu-zr-ce-la-nb-pd alloy KR960015216B1 (en)

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