KR960010629B1 - Preheating apparatus for a gasoline engine - Google Patents

Preheating apparatus for a gasoline engine Download PDF

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Publication number
KR960010629B1
KR960010629B1 KR1019930012416A KR930012416A KR960010629B1 KR 960010629 B1 KR960010629 B1 KR 960010629B1 KR 1019930012416 A KR1019930012416 A KR 1019930012416A KR 930012416 A KR930012416 A KR 930012416A KR 960010629 B1 KR960010629 B1 KR 960010629B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
heating
air cleaner
gasoline engine
heating element
temperature
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KR1019930012416A
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Korean (ko)
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KR950001090A (en
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정재철
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대우조선공업 주식회사
김우중
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Priority to KR1019930012416A priority Critical patent/KR960010629B1/en
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Publication of KR960010629B1 publication Critical patent/KR960010629B1/en

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/12Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
    • F02M31/13Combustion air
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227Applications
    • H05B1/023Industrial applications
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The apparatus provides good starting of the engine and increases the temperature of air sucked-in from the atmosphere of low temperature. The preheating apparatus includes a heating element(H) made of nichrome wire fixed between a pair of non-conductivity silicon plates(5)(5') having central hole(4), and a thermister(TH2) installed between an air cleaner cap(2) and an air cleaner element(3) in an air cleaner(1). An on-off switch of an alternator(AL) and a relay(RY2) supply electric power to the heating element(H).

Description

가솔린엔진의 예열장치Preheater of gasoline engine

제1도는 본 발명의 가솔린엔진의 예열장치의 가열부의 개략적인 구성을 도시하는 분해사시도.1 is an exploded perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a heating unit of a preheater of a gasoline engine of the present invention.

제2도는 본 발명의 가솔린엔진의 예열장치의 개략적인 회로도이다.2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a preheater of the gasoline engine of the present invention.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1 : 에어클리너 2 : 에어클리너캡1: Air cleaner 2: Air cleaner cap

3 : 에어클리너엘리먼트 5,5' : 실리콘판3: Air cleaner element 5,5 ': Silicon plate

본 발명은 가솔린엔진의 예열장치의 관한 것으로서 더욱 상세히는 연료가 기화하기 어려운 저온등의 환경에서의 초기시동성을 향상시키기 위해 흡입공기의 온도를 증가시키기 위한 예열장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a preheating device for a gasoline engine, and more particularly, to a preheating device for increasing the temperature of intake air to improve initial startability in an environment such as low temperature where fuel is difficult to vaporize.

종래의 엔진예열장치는 연료장치 혹은 연소실에 국부적인 예열장치를 장착하여 냉각된 상태를 온도를 상승시킴으로서 시동성을 개선하였으나, 가솔린엔진의 경우 연료의 인화점이 낮아서 상기의 방법을 적용시키기에는 위험성이 따르고 연로가 가열되었다 하더라도 기구적인 유체경로를 통과하면서 냉각되어 버림으로서 적의의 효과를 얻지 못하였다.The conventional engine preheater improves startability by increasing the temperature in the cooled state by installing a local preheater in the fuel device or the combustion chamber. However, in the case of gasoline engines, the flash point of the fuel is low, which is dangerous to apply the above method. Even if the furnace was heated, it was cooled by passing through the mechanical fluid path and thus did not gain hostile effects.

상술한 종래의 문제점을 감안하더라도 흡기온도를 가열시킬 경우, 연료의 인화점이나 착화점온도 이하로 가열할 필요가 있는 것이다.Even in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, when the intake air temperature is heated, it is necessary to heat below the flash point or ignition point temperature of the fuel.

본 발명은 이러한 종래의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서 가솔린엔진의 예열장치를 구성함에 있어서 에어클리너내부에 가열부를 구비하고 이 가열부를 제어하는 회로를 가지게 함으로서 상술한 문제점을 해결하는 것을 목적으로 한다.An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems by providing a heating part in an air cleaner and a circuit for controlling the heating part in constructing a preheating device of a gasoline engine. .

이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명의 가솔린엔진의 예열장치는 작동회로부와 가열부로 구성되고 각각의 구성의 상세한 내용은 부수된 도면과 함께 설명한다.In order to achieve this object, the preheating device of the gasoline engine of the present invention is composed of an operation circuit part and a heating part, and the details of each configuration will be described with accompanying drawings.

제1도는 본 발명의 가솔린엔진의 예열장치의 가열부의 개략적인 구성을 도시하는 분해사시도, 제2도는 본 발명의 가솔린엔진의 예열장치의 개략적인 회로도로서 함께 설명한다.1 is an exploded perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a heating unit of a preheater of a gasoline engine of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a preheater of a gasoline engine of the present invention.

본 발명의 가솔린엔진의 예열장치에 사용되는 가열부(a)는 에어클리너(1)내에 장착되는 것으로서 에어클리너캡(2)과 커버(6)가 구성하는 공간내에 설치되는 에어클리너엘리먼트(3)와 평면적으로 그 형상이 일치하고 공기흐름에 지장을 주지아니하는 형상의 개구(4)를 구비하는 한쌍의 실리콘판(5,5')등의 부도성 소재판사이에 고정되는 니크롬선등의 다양한 발열체(H)를 구비하고 적의의 위치에 고착되는 써어미스터등의 서어모스위치(TH2)를 구비함으로서 완성된다.The heating part (a) used in the preheating apparatus of the gasoline engine of the present invention is mounted in the air cleaner 1, and is installed in the space formed by the air cleaner cap 2 and the cover 6, and the air cleaner element 3 And various heating elements such as nichrome wire fixed between a non-conductive material plate such as a pair of silicon plates 5 and 5 'having an opening 4 having a shape that coincides in shape and does not interfere with air flow. It is completed by having a thermostat switch TH2 such as a thermistor which is provided with H) and is fixed at an enemy position.

전원이 가하여지면 발열체(H)는 발열하고 에어클리너캡(2)내에 들어온 공기는 와류를 형성하면서 순간적으로 가온,가열되는 것으로 이러한 구성에 있어서 발열체(H)의 형상과 배치, 및 소재는 다양할 수 있고 최대의 가열효과를 가지는 형상을 실험적으로 구할 수 있으며 본 발명에 도시된 것은 하나의 예임은 물론이다.When power is applied, the heating element (H) generates heat, and the air inside the air cleaner cap (2) is heated and instantaneously heated while forming a vortex. In this configuration, the shape, arrangement, and materials of the heating element (H) may vary. The shape having the maximum heating effect can be obtained experimentally and is illustrated in the present invention as an example.

제2도의 작동회로부를 설명한다.The operation circuit part of FIG. 2 is demonstrated.

Al은 입력전압의 변동에 관계없이 제어용 전원을 일정하게 유지하는 전압제어기이며 회로의 오동작을 막는다. 이 인가전압은 저항(R5)와 저항(R6)에서 평형브릿지회로에 공급되는 전압을 일정수준으로 하강시켜 준다.Al is a voltage controller that maintains a constant control power supply regardless of fluctuations in the input voltage and prevents circuit malfunctions. This applied voltage lowers the voltage supplied to the balanced bridge circuit from the resistors R5 and R6 to a predetermined level.

평형브리지는 저항(R1,R2,R3,R4) 및 서어미스터(TH)로 구성되어 있고The balanced bridge consists of resistors (R1, R2, R3, R4) and thermistor (TH)

일때 a와 b의 전위는 0이 된다.Where a and b have zero potentials.

서어미스터(TH)의 저항치가 설정치 이하로 하강하면 b 전위가 a 전위보다 높아져서 c 전위가 로우레벨이 되며 가변저항(R4)에서 설정치를 세팅한다.When the resistance value of the thermistor TH falls below the set value, the b potential becomes higher than the a potential so that the c potential becomes a low level and the set value is set by the variable resistor R4.

증폭기(A2)는 평형브릿지에서 검출된 미소전류를 증폭시키며 다이오우드(D1,D2)는 증폭기(A2)의 a,b점에 인입되는 과전압 및 노이즈를 차단하여 증폭기(A2)를 보호한다.The amplifier A2 amplifies the microcurrent detected at the balance bridge, and the diodes D1 and D2 protect the amplifier A2 by blocking the overvoltage and noise introduced at points a and b of the amplifier A2.

가변저항(R7)은 서어미스터(TH)에서 감지된 온도의 상한치를 세팅하며(발열체(H)온도 이하로), 발열체(H)온도를 감지하는 다른 서어미스터스위치(TH2)와 함께 온도상한치를 감지한다. 저항(R8)은 증폭기(A2)의 노이즈를 방지한다.The variable resistor R7 sets the upper limit of the temperature sensed by the thermistor TH (below the temperature of the heating element H), and together with the other thermistor switch TH2 that senses the temperature of the heating element H, Detect. Resistor R8 prevents noise of amplifier A2.

다이오우드(D3)는 증폭기(A2)의 출력이 정확한 하이레벨일때에 트랜지스터(TR)가 작동하게 하는 역할을 한다. 트랜지스터(TR)는 릴레이(RY1)의 ON/OFF를 구동한다. 다이오우드(D4)는 릴레이(RY1)가 오프시 발생되는 역기전력을 감쇄시켜 트랜지스터(TR)를 보호하는 역할을 하며 증폭기(A2)가 하이레벨일때 릴레이(RY1)가 작동되어 발열체(H)에 전압이 공급된다.The diode D3 serves to cause the transistor TR to operate when the output of the amplifier A2 is at the correct high level. The transistor TR drives ON / OFF of the relay RY1. The diode D4 serves to protect the transistor TR by attenuating the counter electromotive force generated when the relay RY1 is off. When the amplifier A2 is at a high level, the relay RY1 is operated to generate a voltage at the heating element H. Supplied.

발열체(H)에 전압이 공급되면 자연히 온도가 상승하여 온도스위치에서 설정된 온도 이상이 되면 앤드게이트(L1)에서 전압이 0이 되므로 트랜지스터(TR)가 릴레이(RY1)를 오프시켜 발열체(H) 전압이 단절된다.When the voltage is supplied to the heating element H, the temperature naturally rises, and when the temperature is higher than the temperature set by the temperature switch, the voltage becomes zero at the AND gate L1. Thus, the transistor TR turns off the relay RY1 to generate the voltage of the heating element H. This is disconnected.

릴레이(RY2)는 초기 예열시 이그니션스위치(1G)를 연결시켰을때 콘트롤이 되는 장치이며 알터네이터(AL)에서 전압이 검출되어 릴레이(RY2)가 온하여 엔진이 시동되면 릴레이(RY2)는 오프된다.The relay RY2 is a device that is controlled when the ignition switch 1G is connected during initial preheating. When the voltage is detected at the alternator AL and the relay RY2 is turned on and the engine is started, the relay RY2 is turned off.

릴레이(RY2)의 접점을 이용항 콘트롤러에 인가되는 전압을 온,오프하되 시동이 걸리면 오프하여 콘트롤를 멈추어 발열체(H) 공급전압이 오프시키며 램프(L)는 이그니션스위치(1G)를 온하여 예열중일때 온상태로 되며 예열이 끝났을때 오프하도록 연결되고 발열체(H)는 제1도와 에어클리너(1) 내부에 부착되는 상술의 구조이다.The voltage applied to the controller is turned on and off using the contact point of the relay RY2, but when the start is applied, the control is stopped and the heating element H supply voltage is turned off, and the lamp L is warming by turning on the ignition switch 1G. When it is turned on when the pre-heating is finished, the heating element (H) is the above-described structure is attached to the inside of the first degree air cleaner (1).

이상과 같은 본 발명의 가솔린엔진의 예열장치에 있어서의 작동을 상세하게 설명한다.The operation in the preheater of the gasoline engine of the present invention as described above will be described in detail.

외기온도가 0도 이하일 경우 이그니션스위치(1G)를 온하였을때 전류는 릴레이(RY2)및 전압제어기(Al), 저항(R5)을 거쳐서 가변저항(R4)에서 세팅된대로 서어미스터(TH1)의 온도가 0도 이하로 감지되면 브릿지 회로에 의하여 b 전위는 a 전위보다 높아져 c점이 하이레벨로 되어 트랜지스터(TR)가 동작하며 릴레이(RY1)가 작동하며 이때 램프(L)가 켜진다.When the ignition switch 1G is turned on when the outside temperature is 0 ° C or less, the current flows through the relay RY2, the voltage controller Al, and the resistor R5, and then the current of the thermistor TH1 as set by the variable resistor R4. When the temperature is sensed below 0 degrees, the b potential becomes higher than the a potential by the bridge circuit so that the point c becomes a high level, and the transistor TR operates and the relay RY1 operates, and the lamp L turns on.

또한 릴레이(RY1)가 연결되므로 발열체(H)가 작동하여 가열되며 알터네이터(AL)는 릴레이(RY2)가 연결될때는 동작이 되지 않는다.In addition, since the relay RY1 is connected, the heating element H is operated and heated, and the alternator AL does not operate when the relay RY2 is connected.

가솔린 연료의 착화점 이하로서 발열체(H) 자체의 제한온도를 감지하기 위해서 온도스위치에서 설정된 온도가 연료의 인화점 예를들면 가솔린의 경우, 400도씨를 넘거나 서어미스터(TH1)에서 지정된 온도를 넘으면 앤드게이트(L1)에서 판단되어 출력이 0이 되어서 트랜지스터(TR)이 동작이 멈추고 릴레이(RY1)가 오프되어 발열체(H)의 작동이 멈춘다. 엔진이 시동되면 알터네이터(AL)는 작동하고 릴레이(RY2)가 오프되어 발열체(H)의 전원공급이 중단된다.If the temperature set by the temperature switch is below the flash point of gasoline fuel to detect the limiting temperature of the heating element H itself, the flash point of the fuel, for example gasoline, exceeds 400 degrees Celsius or exceeds the temperature specified by the thermistor TH1. As determined by the gate L1, the output becomes 0, the transistor TR stops the operation, the relay RY1 turns off, and the operation of the heating element H stops. When the engine is started, the alternator AL is operated and the relay RY2 is turned off to stop the power supply of the heating element H.

한편 발열체(H)는 가열된 상태에서 엔진이 크랭킹할때 펌펑작동으로 열이 흡입하는 상태로 되며 그 열로 시동성을 용이하게 한다.On the other hand, the heating element (H) is in a state in which heat is sucked by the pumping operation when the engine is cranked in a heated state, thereby facilitating startability.

이상과 같은 본 발명의 가솔린엔진의 예열장치는 간단한 구성의 장치로서 의기온도가 극히 낮은 경우, 특히 동절기에 시동이 용이하게 걸리도록 함으로서 운전자에게 다대한 편리를 부여하는 유용한 발명인 것이다.The preheating device of the gasoline engine of the present invention as described above is a device of a simple configuration, which is a useful invention that provides a great convenience to the driver when the apparatus temperature is extremely low, in particular, to start easily in winter.

Claims (2)

온도설정용의 가변저항(R4,R7)과 서어미스터(TH1) 및 저항(R1,R3)로서 구성되는 평형브릿지회로의 미소출력을 증폭기(A2)에서 증폭하여 논리게이트(L1)에서 가열부(A)의 발열체(H)로의 전원공급여부를 결정하는 통상적인 온도제어수단을 구비하는 가솔린 엔진의 예열장치에 있어서 ; 상기 가열부(A)의 발열체(H)는 에어클리너(1)내에 장착되며, 에어클리너캡(2)내에 설치되는 에어클리너엘리먼트(3)와 평면적으로 그 형상이 일치하고 공기흐름에 지장을 주지아니하는 형상의 개구(4)를 구비하는 한쌍의 실리콘판(5,5') 등의 부도성 소재사이에 삽입설치되는 니크롬선등의 가열수단이며, 상기 가열부(A)내에는 서어미스터(TH2)를 구비하여 발열온도에 따른 제어가 가능하게 되는 것을 특징으로 하는 가솔린엔진의 예열장치.The micro output of the balanced bridge circuit constituted as the variable resistors R4 and R7 for the temperature setting, thermistors TH1 and the resistors R1 and R3 is amplified by the amplifier A2 and heated by the heating section (L1). A preheating apparatus for a gasoline engine, comprising the usual temperature control means for determining whether to supply power to the heating element (H) of A); The heating element (H) of the heating portion (A) is mounted in the air cleaner (1), and its shape coincides in plane with the air cleaner element (3) installed in the air cleaner cap (2) and does not interfere with the air flow. Heating means such as a nichrome wire inserted between non-conductive materials such as a pair of silicon plates 5, 5 'having an opening 4 of an unshaped shape, and thermistor TH2 in the heating portion A; Preheating device of the gasoline engine, characterized in that it is possible to control according to the heating temperature. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 발열체(H)로의 전원공급은 알터네이터(AL)의 온오프스위치 및 릴레이(RY2)와 연계되게 하여, 시동후에는 자동으로 오프되는 것을 특징으로 하는 가솔린엔진의 예열장치.2. The preheating apparatus of a gasoline engine according to claim 1, wherein the power supply to the heating element (H) is connected to the on / off switch of the alternator (AL) and the relay (RY2), and is automatically turned off after starting.
KR1019930012416A 1993-06-30 1993-06-30 Preheating apparatus for a gasoline engine KR960010629B1 (en)

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KR960010629B1 true KR960010629B1 (en) 1996-08-06

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