KR960010170B1 - Surface treating method for drawing works of austenite heat resisting steel - Google Patents
Surface treating method for drawing works of austenite heat resisting steel Download PDFInfo
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- KR960010170B1 KR960010170B1 KR1019940002988A KR19940002988A KR960010170B1 KR 960010170 B1 KR960010170 B1 KR 960010170B1 KR 1019940002988 A KR1019940002988 A KR 1019940002988A KR 19940002988 A KR19940002988 A KR 19940002988A KR 960010170 B1 KR960010170 B1 KR 960010170B1
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- pickling
- steel
- surface treatment
- surface treating
- heat resisting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
- C23G1/086—Iron or steel solutions containing HF
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
Description
첨부도면은 산세처리에 따른 중량감소율을 나타낸 그래프.The accompanying drawings are graphs showing the weight loss rate according to pickling treatment.
본 발명은 고질소, 고망간 오스테나이트(Austenite)계 내열강을 냉간인발전에 표면처리하는 것에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 압연강재를 냉간인발공정전에 산세처리함으로써 인발가공성을 향상시키고 다이스 수명을 증대시키는데 적합한 표면처리에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to the surface treatment of high nitrogen and high manganese austenitic heat-resistant steels for cold phosphorus generation, and more particularly, to picking up the rolled steel prior to the cold drawing process to improve the drawability and increase the die life. To a surface treatment suitable for use.
유황(S)이 첨가된 고질소(N), 고망간(Mn) 오스테나이트계 내열강재는 오스테나이트 안정화 원소중 고가원소인 니켈(Ni) 함량을 낮추고 저가원소인 망간(Mn) 함량을 높여서 오스테나이트 조직을 안정화시킨 자원 절약형 내열강으로서,질소화 크롬(Cr)을 다량 함유하여 고온강도 및 용융산화연(PbO)에 대한 부식저항이 우수하기 때문에 내연기관의 배기 밸브용 내열강소재로 널리 사용되고 있다.High nitrogen (N) and high manganese (Mn) austenitic heat-resistant steels added with sulfur (S) lower the content of nickel (Ni), a high-cost element among the austenite stabilizing elements, and increase the content of austenite (Mn), a low-cost element It is a resource-saving heat-resistant steel with a stable structure, and is widely used as a heat-resistant steel material for exhaust valves of internal combustion engines because it contains a large amount of chromium nitride (Cr) and has excellent corrosion resistance to high temperature strength and molten lead oxide (PbO).
이러한 내열강은 일반적으로 중량%로서, 탄소(C):0.4~0.6%, 규소(Si):0.35% 이하, 망간(Mn):8~10%, 크롬(Cr):20~22%, 니켈(Ni):3.25~4.5%, 인(P):0.04% 이하, 유황(S):0.04~0.09%, 질소(N):0.35~0.5%, 기타 불가피한 불순물 및 잔부가 철(Fe)로 이루어지고 있다.Such heat-resistant steels are generally in weight percent, carbon (C): 0.4-0.6%, silicon (Si): 0.35% or less, manganese (Mn): 8-10%, chromium (Cr): 20-22%, nickel ( Ni): 3.25 to 4.5%, phosphorus (P): 0.04% or less, sulfur (S): 0.04 to 0.09%, nitrogen (N): 0.35 to 0.5%, other unavoidable impurities and balance are made of iron (Fe) have.
이와 같은 강재가 주용도인 엔진밸브로서 사용되기 위해서는 압연, 고용화 열처리 후 밸브소재규격인 직경 6~13mm의 작은 칫수로 가공(인발가공)되어야 한다.In order to use such steel as an engine valve for main use, it must be processed (pulled) by a small dimension of 6 to 13 mm in diameter, which is a valve material standard, after rolling and solidifying heat treatment.
그러나 이런 강재는 질소(N)를 많이 함유하고 있어서 고용화 열처리후에도 충분히 연화되지 않아 상온강도가 높다.However, these steels contain a large amount of nitrogen (N), so they do not soften sufficiently even after the solid solution heat treatment, so the room temperature strength is high.
따라서 인발가공이 매우 어렵다.Therefore, drawing is very difficult.
특히 기계가공성 개선을 위해 유황(S) 성분이 다량 첨가된 본강재는 MnS개재물로 인해 연신율이 극도로 저하되기 때문에 작은 칫수로 가공하기 위한 냉간인발가공시 제품표면의 손상, 인발가공중 절손발생, 인발공구 및 다이스 마모과다로 인하여 냉간인발에 의한 본강재의 제조가 어려운 실정이다.In particular, this steel, which contains a large amount of sulfur (S) to improve the machinability, has extremely low elongation due to MnS inclusions. Thus, the surface of the product may be damaged during cold drawing for small dimensions, and damage may occur during drawing. Due to excessive drawing tools and die wear, it is difficult to manufacture the steel material by cold drawing.
이러한 냉간인발의 어려움 때문에 칫수 세밀화를 위한 가공방법으로서 바이트에 의해 절삭가공하는 방법이 이용되고 있으나, 이 경우 절삭가공성이 나쁘고 수율이 크게 저하하는 단점이 있어 경제적이지 못하다.Due to the difficulty of cold drawing, a method of cutting by bite is used as a processing method for dimension refinement, but in this case, the cutting processability is poor and the yield is greatly reduced, which is not economical.
이에 본 발명은 종래의 문제점을 개선하기 위해 안출한 것으로, 냉간인발 가공전에 표면처리하여 수지피막을 형성시킴으로써 인발가공성 향상 및 다이스 사용수명등을 증대시키는데 적합한 표면처리 방법을 제공하고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다.Therefore, the present invention has been made to improve the conventional problems, and the object of the present invention is to provide a surface treatment method suitable for improving the drawability and die life by forming a resin coating by surface treatment before cold drawing processing. .
이하 본 발명을 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described.
본 발명은 유황(S)을 비롯한 고질소, 고망간을 포함한 오스테나이트계 내열강제를 고용화 처리후 인발가공함에 있어서, 인발가공전에 산세용액으로서 3.0~4.0중량%의 불산(HF)과 15~20중량%의 질산(HNO3) 혼합용액으로 하고, 산세용액온도를 30~40℃로 하고, 산세처리시간을 300초 이하로 하는 조건하에서 표면처리함을 특징으로 하는 오스테나이트(Austenite)계 내열강의 인발가공을 위한 표면처리 공정으로 이루어진다.In the present invention, in the drawing process after solidifying the austenitic heat-resistant steel including high nitrogen, high manganese including sulfur (S), and 3.0 to 4.0% by weight of hydrofluoric acid (HF) as a pickling solution before the drawing process Austenitic heat-resistant steel, comprising 20% by weight of nitric acid (HNO 3 ) mixed solution, pickling solution temperature of 30 to 40 ° C, and surface treatment under pickling time of 300 seconds or less. It consists of a surface treatment process for drawing.
본 발명에서 산세조건을 한정함에 있어, 조건범위 이하에서는 산세부족으로 인해 산화스케일(Scale)이 잔존하고, 조건범위 이상에서는 강중에 고용되었던 질소(N)가스와 산세시 망간(Mn)과의 격렬한 반응으로 발생된 수소(H)가스의 동시 방출에 의한 과도한 Fume의 발생과 반응열에 의한 산세액 온도가 급격히 상승됨에 따른 과산세 현상이 순간적으로 일어나게 된다.In limiting the pickling conditions in the present invention, below the range of the acid scale (Scale) remains due to the lack of pickling, and above the range of the violent nitrogen (N) gas and the manganese (Mn) during pickling Excessive fume is generated by simultaneous release of hydrogen (H) gas generated by the reaction, and the pickling phenomenon occurs as the pickling liquid temperature rapidly increases due to the heat of reaction.
결과적으로 본 강재의 표면산세시 강중에 고용된 질소(N) 가스와 반응에 의한 수소가스의 방출을 제어하고 용액의 교반에 의해 일어나는 과산세를 방지하기 위하여 산세용액의 조성, 온도범위를 조절하여 반응속도를 조절하는 것이다.As a result, the composition and temperature range of the pickling solution are adjusted to control the release of hydrogen gas by reaction with nitrogen (N) gas dissolved in the steel during surface pickling of the steel and to prevent over-acid pickling caused by the stirring of the solution. It is to control the reaction rate.
다음은 실시예에 따라 설명한다.The following is described according to the embodiment.
실시예Example
(표 1)은 본 발명의 표면처리방법과 종래 표면처리방법의 조건을 나타낸 것으로 본 발명인 산세에 의한 표면처리방법과 비교하기 위한 표면처리방법으로서는 SHOT+OIL에 의한 표면처리를 실시하였다.Table 1 shows the conditions of the surface treatment method of the present invention and the conventional surface treatment method. As a surface treatment method for comparison with the surface treatment method by pickling of the present invention, surface treatment by SHOT + OIL was performed.
(표 2)는 본 발명에 의한 표면처리방법으로 본강재 합금 성분과의 반응정도를 비교한 것으로 반응정도가 망간(Mn), 실리콘(Si), 크롬(Cr)의 순서로 심한 것을 알수 있다.Table 2 is a surface treatment method according to the present invention comparing the reaction degree with the alloy components of the steel, it can be seen that the reaction degree is severe in the order of manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), chromium (Cr).
(표 3)은 본 발명의 표면처리방법과 종래 표면처리 방법과의 냉간인발성을 비교한 것으로, 각각의 표면처리를 실시한 본강재의 평균인발속도와 다이스당 인발가공 한계량을 상대비교 하였으며 발명에 의한 표면처리방법이 공구 및 다이스 수명은 10배, 인발속도는 5배로 인발가공이 우수하였다.Table 3 compares the cold drawability between the surface treatment method of the present invention and the conventional surface treatment method, and compares the average drawing speed of the steel material subjected to each surface treatment with the amount of drawing limit per die. The surface treatment method was excellent in drawing process with 10 times tool and die life and 5 times drawing speed.
첨부된 도면은 (표 1)의 조건에 의한 산세처리온도에 따른 중량감소율을 나타낸 그래프로서 30~40℃ 온도범위가 양호함을 알수 있다.The accompanying drawings are graphs showing the weight loss rate according to the pickling treatment temperature according to the conditions of (Table 1), it can be seen that the temperature range of 30 ~ 40 ℃ is good.
[표 1]TABLE 1
표면처리 방법비교Comparison of surface treatment methods
[표 2]TABLE 2
본 발명에 따른 강제 성분과의 반응시험Reaction test with forced component according to the present invention
[표 3]TABLE 3
냉간 인발성 시험Cold pull test
이상에서와 같이 본 발명인 산세 방법으로 냉간인발전 표면처리함으로써 냉간인발 가공성이 대폭 개선되었다.As described above, the cold drawing power generation surface treatment by the pickling method of the present invention significantly improved the cold drawing workability.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019940002988A KR960010170B1 (en) | 1994-02-19 | 1994-02-19 | Surface treating method for drawing works of austenite heat resisting steel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR1019940002988A KR960010170B1 (en) | 1994-02-19 | 1994-02-19 | Surface treating method for drawing works of austenite heat resisting steel |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| KR950025120A KR950025120A (en) | 1995-09-15 |
| KR960010170B1 true KR960010170B1 (en) | 1996-07-26 |
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