KR950032671A - Nitrogen containing sintered hard alloy - Google Patents

Nitrogen containing sintered hard alloy Download PDF

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KR950032671A
KR950032671A KR1019950012885A KR19950012885A KR950032671A KR 950032671 A KR950032671 A KR 950032671A KR 1019950012885 A KR1019950012885 A KR 1019950012885A KR 19950012885 A KR19950012885 A KR 19950012885A KR 950032671 A KR950032671 A KR 950032671A
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layer
less
nitrogen
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hard
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KR0180522B1 (en
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게이이치 쓰다
가즈타카 이소베
아키히코 이케가야
노부유키 기타가와
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구라우치 노라다카
스미토모덴키고교 가부시키가이샤
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Priority claimed from JP04929095A external-priority patent/JP3803694B2/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C29/00Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/08Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C29/00Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/1003Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
    • B22F3/1007Atmosphere
    • B22F3/101Changing atmosphere
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/1017Multiple heating or additional steps
    • B22F3/1028Controlled cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C22C1/051Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C29/00Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/04Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbonitrides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2201/00Treatment under specific atmosphere
    • B22F2201/02Nitrogen
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2201/00Treatment under specific atmosphere
    • B22F2201/20Use of vacuum
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)

Abstract

질소 함유 소결 경질 합금은 Ti, 6A족 금속 및 WC를 소정의 조성으로 함유하는 경질상을 75중량% 이상 95중량%이하 함유하고, Ni, Co 및 불가피한 불순물을 함유하는 결합성을 5중량% 이상 25중량%이하 함유하며, Ti를 탄화물 등으로 환산하여 5중량% 이상 60중량% 이하 함유하고, 주기율표 6A족 금속을 탄화물로 환산하여 30중량% 이상 70중량% 이하 함유하며, 또한 경질상의 질소/(탄소+질소)가 원자비로 0.2이상 0.5미만이고, 가장 바깥 표면에 결합상 금속과 WC를 함유하는 연질층이 존재하고, 당해 연질층 바로 밑에 3㎛이상 30㎛이하의 두께로 WC를 함유하는 경질상이 거의 존재하지 않는 층이 존재한다. 이러한 조성에 의하면, 심한 열충격을 받는 조건하에서 가공할때에도 표면 피복을 실시하지 않고 또한 높은 신뢰성을 가진 절삭공구로서 사용가능한 질소 함유 소결 경질 합금을 제공할수 있다.Nitrogen-containing sintered hard alloys contain at least 75% by weight and at most 95% by weight of a hard phase containing Ti, a Group 6A metal and WC in a predetermined composition, and at least 5% by weight of a binder containing Ni, Co and unavoidable impurities. It contains 25 wt% or less, Ti is contained in the form of carbide or the like 5 wt% or more and 60 wt% or less, and contains 30 wt% or more and 70 wt% or less of the periodic table 6A metal in terms of carbide, and hard nitrogen / (Carbon + Nitrogen) has an atomic ratio of 0.2 or more and less than 0.5, and a soft layer containing a binding phase metal and WC is present on the outermost surface, and contains WC in a thickness of 3 µm or more and 30 µm or less directly under the soft layer. There is a layer with little hard phase. According to this composition, it is possible to provide a nitrogen-containing sintered hard alloy which can be used as a cutting tool without high surface coverage even when processing under severe thermal shock conditions.

Description

질소 함유 소결 경질 합금Nitrogen containing sintered hard alloy

본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음As this is a public information case, the full text was not included.

제1도는 삼출층(sweat layer)이 3개의 층으로 나누어 져서 최외층과 최하층에 Co, Ni의 결합층이 있고, 중간층에 WC층이 있는 것을 나타내는 합금 조직의 현미경 사진(SEM사진)이며, 제2도 및 제3도는 각각 동일조직 중의 Co 원소와 Ni원소의 분포를 나타내는 현미경 사진(EDX분석)이다.FIG. 1 is a micrograph (SEM image) of an alloy structure showing that a wet layer is divided into three layers, the outermost layer and the lower layer have a bonding layer of Co and Ni, and the middle layer has a WC layer. 2 and 3 are micrographs (EDX analysis) showing the distribution of Co and Ni elements in the same structure, respectively.

Claims (12)

(TiㆍWxWy)(CuN1-u)(단, M은 W를 제외한 주기율표 6A족 금속의 적어도 1종이고, 0<x<1이며, 0≤y≤0.9이고, 0≤u<0.9이다) 및 WC를 함유하는 경질상을 75중량%이상 95중량%이하 함유하고, Ni, Co 및 불가피한 불순물을 함유하는 결합상을 5중량% 이상 25중량%이하 함유하며, Ti를 탄화물, 질화물 또는 탄질화물로 환산하여 5중량%이상 60중량%이하 함유하고, 주기율표 6A족 금속을 탄화물로 환산하여 30중량% 이항 70중량% 이하 함유하며, 경질상의 질소/(탄소+질소)가 원자비로 0.2이상 0.5미만이고, 가장 바깥 표면에 결합상 금속과 WC를 함유하는 연질층이 존재하고, 당해 연질층 바로 밑에 3㎛ 이상 30㎛이하의 두께로 WC를 함유하는 경질상이 거의 존재하지 않는 층을 갖는 질소 함유 소결 경질 합금.(TiWxWy) (CuN 1-u ) (wherein M is at least one of the Group 6A metals of the periodic table excluding W, 0 <x <1, 0 ≦ y ≦ 0.9, and 0 ≦ u <0.9) And at least 75 wt% and at most 95 wt% of a hard phase containing WC, and at least 5 wt% and at most 25 wt% of a combined phase containing Ni, Co and unavoidable impurities, wherein Ti is carbide, nitride or carbonitride. 5 to 60% by weight of the conversion table, and 6 to 70% by weight of the bimetallic group of Periodic Table 6A in terms of carbides, and 0.2 to 0.5 in atomic nitrogen / (carbon + nitrogen) in atomic ratio. Nitrogen-containing layer having a layer having less than and having a soft phase containing a binding phase metal and WC on the outermost surface and having a hard phase containing WC at a thickness of 3 µm or more and 30 µm or less directly under the soft layer. Sintered hard alloy. 제1항에 있어서, WC를 함유하는 경질상이 거의 존재하지 않는 층으로부터 가장 바깥 표면으로부터의 최대 깊이 1mm까지 내부를 향해 WC를 함유하는 경질상의 존재량이 점차 증가하는 질소 함유 소결 경질 합금.The nitrogen-containing sintered hard alloy according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the hard phase containing WC gradually increases from the layer where the hard phase containing WC is hardly present to the inside up to a maximum depth of 1 mm from the outermost surface. 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, WC를 함유하는경질상의 존재량이, 가장 바깥 표면으로부터 1mm이상의 깊이의 내부에서 5체적% 이상 50체적% 미만인 질소 함유소결 경질합금.The nitrogen-containing sintered hard alloy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the amount of hard phase containing WC is 5 vol% or more and less than 50 vol% in a depth of 1 mm or more from the outermost surface. (TiㆍWxWy)(CuN1-u)(단, M은 W를 제외한 주기율표 4A족, 5A족, 6A족 금속의 적어도 1종이고, 0<x<1이며, 0≤y≤0.9이고, 0≤u<0.9이다) 및 WC를 함유하는 경질상을 75중량% 이상 95중량% 이하 함유하고, Ni, Co 및 불가피한 불순물을 함유하는 결합상을 5중량% 이상 25중량% 이하 함유하며, Ti를 탄화물, 질화물 또는 탄질화물로 환산하여 5중량% 이상 60중량% 이하, 주기율표 6A족 금속을 탄화물로 환산하여 30중량%이상 70중량% 이하 , Ta, Nb의합계 함유량을 탄화물, 질화물 또는 탄질화물로 환산하여 2중량% 이상 15중량% 이하, V, Zr 및 Hf의 합계 함유량을 탄화물, 질화물 또는 탄질화물로 환산한 5중량%이하 함유하며, 경질상의 질소/(탄소+질소)가 원자비로 0.2이상 0.5미만이고, 가장 바깥 표면에 결합상 금속 및 WC를 함유하는 연질층이 존재하며, 당해 연질층 바로 밑에 3㎛이상 30㎛이하의 두께로 WC를 함유하는 경질상이 거의 존재하지 않는 층을 갖는 질소 함유 소결 경질 합금.(Ti.WxWy) (CuN 1-u ) (wherein M is at least one of Group 4A, 5A, and 6A metals of the periodic table excluding W, 0 <x <1, 0≤y≤0.9, and 0 ≦ u <0.9) and a hard phase containing WC and at least 75 wt% and at most 95 wt%, and at least 5 wt% and at most 25 wt% of a combined phase containing Ni, Co and unavoidable impurities; 5% to 60% by weight in terms of carbides, nitrides or carbonitrides; 30% to 70% by weight of Group 6A metals in the periodic table 2 to 15 wt% in total, less than or equal to 5 wt% of the total content of V, Zr and Hf in terms of carbides, nitrides or carbonitrides, with hard nitrogen / (carbon + nitrogen) of 0.2 in an atomic ratio It is less than 0.5, and there is a soft layer containing the binding phase metal and WC on the outermost surface, and it is 3 µm or more just under the soft layer. A nitrogen-containing sintered hard alloy having a layer in which a hard phase containing WC is hardly present at a thickness of 0 μm or less. 제4항에 있어서, WC를 함유하는 경질상이 거의 존재하지 않는 층으로부터 가장 바깥 표면으로부터의 최대 깊이 1mm까지 내부를 향해 WC를 함유하는 경질상의 존재량이 점차 증가하는 질소 함유 소결 경질 합금.5. The nitrogen-containing sintered hard alloy according to claim 4, wherein the amount of the hard phase containing WC gradually increases from the layer in which the hard phase containing WC is hardly present to the inside up to a maximum depth of 1 mm from the outermost surface. 제4항 또는 제5항에 있어서, WC를 함유하는 경질상의 존재량이, 가장 바깥 표면으로부터 1mm이상의 내부에서 5체적%이상 50체적%미만인 질소 함유 소결 경질합금.The nitrogen-containing sintered hard alloy according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the amount of hard phase containing WC is 5 vol% or more and less than 50 vol% within 1 mm or more from the outermost surface. WC를 필수로 하고, 주기율표의 4A족, 5A족, 6A족 중에서 선택된 적어도 1종류의 전이 금속의 질화물, 탄질화물 또는 이들의 복합 탄질화물을 함유하는 경질상의 Ni, Co 및 불가피한 불순물을 함유하는 결합상을 포함하는 질소 함유 소결 경질 합금에 있어서, 합금 표면부에 Ni 및 Co를 주성분으로 하는 금속 결합상과 WC를 함유하는 삼출층이 존재하고, 삼출층은 내부 방향을 향하여 최외층, 중간층 및 최하층의 순서로 3개의 층으로 나누어지고, 최외층은 WC가 0체적%이상 30체적%이하이며 잔여부가 Co 및 Ni를 주성분으로 하는 금속 결합상으로 구성되고, 중간층은 WC가 50체적%이상 100체적%이하이며, 잔여부가 Co 및 Ni를 주성분으로 하는 금속 결합상으로 구성되고, 최하층은 WC가 0체적%이상 30체적%이하이며, 잔여부가 Co 및 Ni를 주성분으로 하는 금속 결합상으로 구성되고, 최외층의 두께와 최하하층의 두께가 각각 0.1㎛이상 10㎛이하이고, 중간층의 두께가 0.5㎛ 이상 10㎛이하인 질소 함유 소결 경질 합금.Bonds containing WC as essential and hard Ni, Co and inevitable impurities containing nitrides, carbonitrides or complex carbonitrides of at least one transition metal selected from Groups 4A, 5A and 6A of the periodic table In the nitrogen-containing sintered hard alloy including the phase, there is an exudation layer containing WC and a metal-bonded phase containing Ni and Co as main components in the alloy surface portion, and the exudation layer is the outermost layer, the intermediate layer and the lower layer toward the inner direction. It is divided into three layers in the order of the outermost layer, the outermost layer is composed of a metal bonded phase having WC of 0 to 30% by volume and the remainder of Co and Ni as the main component, and the middle layer of WC of 50 to 100% by volume. Less than%, the remainder is composed of metal-bonded phase composed mainly of Co and Ni, and the lowest layer is composed of a metal-bonded phase composed of CoC and Ni mainly composed of WC and not less than 30% by volume. And the thickness of the outermost layer and the thickness of the lowermost layer is 0.1 µm or more and 10 µm or less, respectively, and the nitrogen-containing sintered hard alloy having a thickness of 0.5 µm or more and 10 µm or less. 제7항에 있어서, 삼출층 바로 밑에 Co 및 Ni를 주성분으로 하는 금속 결합상을 전혀 함유하지 않거나 2체적%이하 밖에 함유하지 않는 영역을 가지며, 또한 이 영역의 삼출층 바로 밑으로부터 내부 방향으로의 두께가 2㎛ 이상 100㎛ 이하인 질소 함유 소결 경질 합금.8. A region according to claim 7, which has a region directly below the exudation layer containing no metal-bonded phase containing Co and Ni as a main component or only no more than 2% by volume of the region, and from the bottom of the exudation layer to the inner direction. Nitrogen containing sintered hard alloy whose thickness is 2 micrometers or more and 100 micrometers or less. 제7항에 있어서, 삼출층 바로 밑에 WC를 전혀 함유하지 않거나 2체적% 이하 밖에 함유하지 않는 영역을 가지며, 또한 이 영역의 삼출층 바로 밑으로부터 내부 방향으로의 두께가 1㎛ 이상 500㎛ 이하인 질소 함유 소결 경질 합금.The nitrogen according to claim 7, which has a region which does not contain any WC or only 2% by volume or less directly under the exudation layer, and has a thickness in the inward direction from just under the exudation layer to 1 μm or more and 500 μm or less. Containing sintered hard alloys. 제9항에 있어서, 삼출층 바로 밑의 WC를 전혀 함유하지 않거나 2체적% 이하 밖에 함유하지 않는 영역 바로 밑으로부터 내부 방향으로 WC의 체적%가 점차 증가하고, 삼출층 바로 밑으로부터 1mm 이내의 깊이에서 WC의 체적%가 합금 전체의 평균 WC 체적%가 되도록 구성되는 질소 함유 소결 경질 합금.10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the volume percentage of WC gradually increases inwardly from underneath the region containing no WC just below the exudation layer or contains only 2 vol% or less, and the depth within 1 mm from just under the exudation layer. The sintered hard alloy containing nitrogen, wherein the volume% of WC is configured to be the average WC volume% of the entire alloy. 제8항에 있어서, 합금 표면부에 Ni 및 Co를 주성분으로 하는 금속 결합상과 WC를 함유하는 삼출층이 존재하고, 삼출층 바로 밑에 WC를 전혀 함유하지 않거나 2체적% 이하 밖에 함유하지 않는 영역을 가지며, 또한 이 영역의 삼출층 바로 밑으로부터 내부 방향으로의 두께가 1㎛ 이상 500㎛ 이하인 질소 함유 소결 경질 합금.The region according to claim 8, wherein an exudation layer containing WC and a metal-bonded phase containing Ni and Co as a main component is present in the alloy surface portion, and contains no WC or only 2% by volume or less under the exudation layer. And a nitrogen-containing sintered hard alloy having a thickness of 1 µm or more and 500 µm or less from just under the exudation layer in this region. 제11항에 있어서, 삼출층 바로 밑에 WC를 전혀 함유하지 않거나 2체적% 이하 밖에 함유하지 않는 영역 바로 밑으로부터 내부 방향으로 WC의 체적%가 점차 증가하고, 삼출층 바로 밑으로 부터 1mm이내의 깊이에서 WC의 체적%가 합금 전체의 평균 WC 체적%가 되도록 구성되는 질소 함유 소결 경질 합금.12. The method of claim 11, wherein the volume% of WC gradually increases from underneath the region that contains no WC or only less than 2% by volume below the exudation layer, and within 1 mm of the bottom of the exudation layer. The sintered hard alloy containing nitrogen, wherein the volume% of WC is configured to be the average WC volume% of the entire alloy. ※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.※ Note: The disclosure is based on the initial application.
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