KR950015141B1 - Manufacture method of thermoplastic resin composition - Google Patents

Manufacture method of thermoplastic resin composition Download PDF

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KR950015141B1
KR950015141B1 KR1019920004805A KR920004805A KR950015141B1 KR 950015141 B1 KR950015141 B1 KR 950015141B1 KR 1019920004805 A KR1019920004805 A KR 1019920004805A KR 920004805 A KR920004805 A KR 920004805A KR 950015141 B1 KR950015141 B1 KR 950015141B1
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weight
monomer
hours
compound
polymerization
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KR930019756A (en
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이정훈
김하길
한종순
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주식회사미원유화
이덕림
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L51/00Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L51/04Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to rubbers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L25/00Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L25/02Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08L25/04Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/08Copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/12Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated nitriles

Abstract

mixing 30-90 wt.% the graft resin compsn. (A) and 10-70 wt.% resin type copolymer (B) by latex form; controlling to 5-45 wt.% crosslinked rubber elastomer, then salt-extracting. The graft resin compsn. (A) is prepd. by emulsion-graft polymerising 10-60 wt.% corsslinked rubber elastomer (R) with 40-90 wt.pts of two or more the monomer mixt. comprising aromatic vinyl cpd., vinyl cyanide cpd. or alkyl ester methacrylate in water emulsion contg. ion exchanging water, an emulsifier, an initiator and an Mw controlling agent at 60-80 deg.C for 3-8 hrs.. The resin type copolymer (B) having 0.4-0.9 of inherent viscosity is prepd. by polymerising two or more the monomer comprising aromatic vinyl cpd., vinyl cyanide cpd. or alkyl ester methacrylate in water emulsion contg. ion exchanging water, an emulsifier, an initiator and an Mw controlling agent at 60-80 deg.C for 3-8 hrs..

Description

열가소성 수지 조성물의 제조방법Method of producing a thermoplastic resin composition

본 발명은 뛰어난 내후성, 내충격성, 내열성 및 우수한 가공성을 갖는 열가소성 수지 조성물의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 본 발명의 방법에 의해 얻어진 열가소성 수지 조성물은 기계적 강도 및 열적 성질이 우수하고, 특히 내후성이 뛰어나, 건축자재, 도로 표지판, 옥외용 판넬등의 옥외용 자재로 유리하게 사용될 수 있다.The present invention relates to a method for producing a thermoplastic resin composition having excellent weather resistance, impact resistance, heat resistance and excellent workability, wherein the thermoplastic resin composition obtained by the method of the present invention is excellent in mechanical strength and thermal properties, in particular excellent in weatherability, It can be advantageously used for outdoor materials such as building materials, road signs, outdoor panels.

종래, 폴리스티렌이나, 스티렌-아크릴로니트릴 공중합체, 폴리메틸메타크릴레이트 등의 딱딱한 재료들에 내충격성을 부여하는 방법으로서 많은 보고가 있으나, 고무에 의한 보강이 많이 행해지고 있고 이것은 ABS(아크릴로니트릴-부타디엔-스티렌)수지로 대표되어 진다. ABS 수지는 내충격성이 뛰어나며 광택이 우수하고 내열 특성이 뛰어나 준엔지니어링 플라스틱으로서 전기, 전자부품 및 자동차 재료로서 산업전반에 걸쳐 광범위하게 사용되고 있다. 그러나, 수지중에 충격보강을 위해 사용된 부타디엔고무가 수지중에 이중결합을 그대로 가지고 있어서 분자중의 활성화 에너지가 크기 때문에 옥외용으로 사용할때에는 공기중의 오존이나 산소, 빛의 자외선등으로 인해 노화가 쉽게 일어나고 가속화되어 기계적 물성 및 열적 성질의 급격한 하락을 보이는 단점을 갖는다.Conventionally, there have been many reports as a method of imparting impact resistance to hard materials such as polystyrene, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, polymethyl methacrylate, etc., but a lot of reinforcement by rubber is performed and this is ABS (acrylonitrile). -Butadiene-styrene) resin. ABS resin is a semi-engineered plastic with excellent impact resistance, excellent gloss, and excellent heat resistance, and is widely used in electric, electronic parts and automobile materials throughout the industry. However, butadiene rubber used for impact reinforcement in resin has double bond in resin, so the activating energy in molecule is large. Therefore, when used for outdoor use, aging occurs easily due to ozone, oxygen in the air, ultraviolet rays of light, etc. It is accelerated and has the disadvantage of showing a sharp drop in mechanical and thermal properties.

이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 ABS 수지의 제조시에 좌외선 흡수제나 산화방지제들을 사용하는 것이 보편화 되어 있으나, ABS 수지의 노화 방지에는 한계가 있기 때문에 노화의 직접 원인이 되는 부타디엔 대신에 다른 포화 또는 저불포화 고무를 사용하는 방법이 제안되어졌다.In order to solve this problem, it is common to use left ultraviolet absorbers or antioxidants in the manufacture of ABS resins, but there is a limitation in the prevention of aging of ABS resins, but other saturated or low unsaturation instead of butadiene which is a direct cause of aging. A method of using rubber has been proposed.

이중 포화고무로서 아클릴계 고무의 사용이 많이 알려져 있으며 이를 제조하는 기술로서 일본 특허 공개 공보소 45-8987호가 알려져 있는 데, 그에 의하여 아크릴고무의 중합시에 OH화 디사이클로 펜타디엔을 사용하여 가교 탄성체를 만드는 방법이 제안되어 있으나, 이 방법에 따르면 가교제를 제조자가 직접 합성하는 상업적인 단점이 있으며, 또한 중합시간이 길고 주쇄의 펜타디엔을 가교시키기 위해 다른 가교조제를 사용하여야 하는 단점이 있으며, 이럴경우 3차원적인 망상구조를 갖기 쉽게 되기 때문에 운전 조건의 설정이 어려우며 가공시의 조건설정도 난제가 된다.The use of acryl-based rubber is known as a double saturated rubber, and Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 45-8987 is known as a technique for producing the same. Thus, a crosslinked elastomer is used by using OH-dicyclopentadiene during polymerization of acrylic rubber. Although a method of making a method has been proposed, there is a commercial disadvantage in that the manufacturer directly synthesizes the crosslinking agent, and also has a long polymerization time and the disadvantage of using another crosslinking aid to crosslink the pentadiene of the main chain. Since it is easy to have a three-dimensional network structure, it is difficult to set operating conditions and difficult to set conditions for processing.

한편, 1961년에 다쯔다에 의하여(J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 5, 104) 아크릴로니트릴의 호모폴리머 중합시 사용되던 수용성 산화 환원 개시제를 사용함으로서 저온 중합이 가능하게 되어 주쇄중에 가교성 단량체를 유리 라디칼을 발생시키지 않으면서 랜덤하게 공중합시키는 것이 가능하고 2차로 고온중합함으로서 이 가교성 단량체에 유리 라디칼을 발생시켜 주쇄끼리의 2차원적인 망상 구조를 갖도록 한 가교 고무탄성체를 이용하여 열가소성 수지 조성물을 제조하는 것이 제안되었으나, 이 방법에 의하면 계의 pH 변화에 따라 침전물이 다량 발생되는 문제점이 있었다.On the other hand, in 1961 (J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 5, 104) by using a water-soluble redox initiator used in the homopolymer polymerization of acrylonitrile, low-temperature polymerization is possible, so that a crosslinkable monomer is formed in the main chain. The thermoplastic resin composition can be randomly copolymerized without generating free radicals, and a second-high temperature polymerization can be used to generate free radicals in the crosslinkable monomer to form a two-dimensional network structure of main chains. It has been proposed to prepare, but this method has a problem that a large amount of precipitate is generated according to the pH change of the system.

본 발명자들은 상기한 종래기술의 문제점을 해결 하고자 예의 연구한 결과, 수용성 산화환원 개시제를 사용하되, 개시제의 투입순서 및 양을 조절하므로서 pH 변화에도 안정한 계를 얻고, 따라서 가공성 및 내후성 등의 물성이 뛰어난 열가소성 수지 조성물을 얻을 수 있음을 발견하고 본 발명을 완성하기에 이르렀다.The present inventors have diligently studied to solve the above problems of the prior art, but using a water-soluble redox initiator, by controlling the input order and amount of the initiator to obtain a stable system to pH changes, and thus the physical properties such as workability and weather resistance The present inventors have found that an excellent thermoplastic resin composition can be obtained, and have completed the present invention.

즉, 본 발명의 목적은, 가교 고무 탄성체(R) 10-60중량부(고형분으로서)와 방향족 비닐화합물, 시안화 비닐화합물, 메타크릴산 알킬 에스테르로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 적어도 2종 이상의 단량체 혼합물 40∼90중량부를 이온교환수, 유화제, 개시제, 분자량 조절제 등이 존재하는 수성 에멀젼중에서 60∼80℃로 3∼8시간 유화 그라프트 중합시켜 얻은 그라프트수지 조성물(A) 30∼90중량%와 방향족 비닐화합물, 시안화 비닐화합물, 메타크릴산 알킬에스테르로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 적어도 2종 이상의 단량체를 이온교환수, 유화제, 개시제, 분자량 조절제등이 존재하는 수성 에멀젼에서 60∼80℃로 3∼8시간 중합시켜 얻은 고유 점도(I.V)가 0.4∼0.9인 수지상 공중합체(B) 10∼70중량%를 라텍스상으로 혼합하여 가교 고무 탄성체의 함량이 5∼45중량%가 되도록 조정한 후 염석을 행하여 열가소성 수지 조성물을 제조하는 방법에 있어서, 상기 가교 고무 탄성체(R)은 알킬기의 탄소수가 1∼10인 아크릴산 알킬 에스테르 화합물 70∼99중량%, 스티렌, 아크릴로니트릴, 메틸 메타크릴레이트에서 선택된 적어도 1종의 단량체 1∼30중량%와, 상기 에스테르 화합물+단량체 100중량%에 대해 분자중에 2이상의 이중결합을 갖는 가교성 단량체 0.01∼10중량%의 혼합물을 이온 교환수, 유화제 등이 존재하는 수성 에멀젼에서 과황산칼륨-아황산나트륨계, 과황산칼륨-아황산나트륨-Fe 화합물계, 과황산칼륨-아황산나트륨-피로인산나트륨계에서 선택된 수용성 산화 환원 개시제를 이용하여 정해진 순서대로 투입하여 40℃ 이하의 저온에서 3∼8시간 동안 1차 중합하고, 60∼80℃로 승온하여 2∼5시간 동안 숙성하여 얻은 것임을 특징으로 하는 열가소성 수지 조성물의 제조방법을 제공하는 것이다.That is, an object of the present invention is at least two monomer mixtures 40 to 40 selected from the group consisting of 10 to 60 parts by weight of the crosslinked rubber elastomer (R) (as a solid), an aromatic vinyl compound, a vinyl cyanide compound and a methacrylic acid alkyl ester. 30 to 90% by weight of the graft resin composition (A) and aromatic vinyl obtained by emulsifying graft polymerization at 90 to 80 ° C. for 3 to 8 hours in an aqueous emulsion in which ion-exchanged water, an emulsifier, an initiator, a molecular weight regulator and the like are present. At least two monomers selected from the group consisting of a compound, a vinyl cyanide compound, and a methacrylic acid alkyl ester are polymerized at 60 to 80 ° C. for 3 to 8 hours in an aqueous emulsion in which ion-exchanged water, an emulsifier, an initiator, and a molecular weight modifier are present. 10 to 70% by weight of the obtained resinous copolymer (B) having an intrinsic viscosity (IV) of 0.4 to 0.9 was mixed in a latex phase to adjust the content of the crosslinked rubber elastomer to be 5 to 45% by weight. In the method of preparing a thermoplastic resin composition by salting, the crosslinked rubber elastomer (R) is 70 to 99% by weight of an acrylic acid alkyl ester compound having 1 to 10 carbon atoms of an alkyl group, styrene, acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate. A mixture of 1 to 30% by weight of at least one monomer selected from < RTI ID = 0.0 > and < / RTI > 0.01 to 10% by weight of a crosslinkable monomer having two or more double bonds in the molecule relative to 100% by weight of the ester compound + monomer is used. In the aqueous emulsion present, water-soluble redox initiators selected from potassium persulfate-sodium sulfite, potassium persulfate-sodium sulfite-Fe compound, potassium persulfate-sodium sulfite-sodium pyrophosphate, It is obtained by first polymerizing at a low temperature of less than or equal to 3 hours for 8 hours, aging for 2 to 5 hours by raising the temperature to 60 to 80 ° C. It is to provide a method for producing a thermoplastic resin composition.

이하, 본 발명을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

본 발명에서, 알킬기 탄소수가 1∼10인 아크릴산 알킬 에스테르로는 아크릴산, 에틸아크릴레이트, 부틸아크릴레이트, 2-에틸헥실 아크릴레이트, 옥틸 아크릴레이트, 에틸 메타크릴레이트, 부틸 메타크릴레이트등이 사용될 수 있으며, 특히 바람직하기로는 에틸 아크릴레이트, 부틸 아크릴레이트, 부틸 메타크릴레이트등이다.In the present invention, as the acrylic acid alkyl ester having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, acrylic acid, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate and the like can be used. Especially preferred are ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate and the like.

또한, 분자중에 2중결합을 2개 이상 갖는 가교성 단량체들로는 디비닐 벤젠, 에틸렌글리콜 아크릴레이트, 에틸렌글리콜 디메타크릴레이트, 트리에틸렌글리콜 디메타크릴레이트, 테트라에틸렌글리콜 디메타크릴레이트, 디아릴 푸마레이트, 디아릴 프탈레이트, 트리아릴 시아누레이트, 테트라아릴옥시에텐등이 사용가능하며, 특히 디비닐 벤젠, 에틸렌글리콜 디메타크릴레이트등이 가교효율이 높아서 바람직하다.In addition, crosslinkable monomers having two or more double bonds in the molecule include divinyl benzene, ethylene glycol acrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and diaryl. Fumarate, diaryl phthalate, triaryl cyanurate, tetraaryloxyethene and the like can be used, and divinyl benzene, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and the like are preferred because of their high crosslinking efficiency.

그리고, 수용성 산화 환원 개시제로는 과산화수소-Fe 화합물, 아황산나트륨-환화 염소계등이 사용가능하며, 특히 과황산칼륨-아황산나트륨계나 과황산칼륨-아황산나트륨-Fe 화합물계가 좋다. 수용성 산화환원 개시제의 사용량은 0.1∼2.0중량%가 바람직하다.As the water-soluble redox initiator, a hydrogen peroxide-Fe compound, a sodium sulfite-cyclized chlorine series, or the like can be used, and in particular, potassium persulfate-sodium sulfite-based or potassium persulfate-sodium sulfite-Fe-compound may be used. As for the usage-amount of a water-soluble redox initiator, 0.1 to 2.0 weight% is preferable.

본 발명의 방법에 따르면 가교 고무 탄성체(R)은 다음과 같이 제조할 수 있다.According to the method of the present invention, the crosslinked rubber elastomer (R) can be produced as follows.

우선 부틸 아크릴레이트 70∼99중량%, 아크릴로니트릴 1∼30중량% 및 상기 부틸 아크릴레이트+아크릴로니트릴 100중량%에 대해 가교성 단량체 0.01∼10중량%와 상기 부틸 아크릴레이트+아크릴로니트릴 100중량%에 대해 분자량 조절제 0.01∼5중량%를 완전히 혼합하여 단량체 혼합물을 준비한다. 다음에 준비된 중합조에 이온교환수, 유화제등을 투입하고 조내의 온도를 35℃로 조절하여 준비된 단량체 혼합물중 1∼40중량%를 먼저 투입한 후 1시간 가량 교반하면서 완전히 분산시킨 후 수용성 산화환원 개시제인 과황산 칼륨 및 아황산나트륨을 투입하여 2시간에 걸쳐 시드 중합을 행한 후, 잔량의 단량체 혼합물을 온도를 그대로 유지시키면서 3∼6시간에 걸쳐 연속 투입하여 전환율이 99% 이상이 되면 온도를 60∼80℃로 승온하여 2∼5시간에 걸쳐 후중합을 실시한다.First, 70 to 99% by weight of butyl acrylate, 1 to 30% by weight of acrylonitrile, and 0.01 to 10% by weight of crosslinkable monomer and 100 of the butyl acrylate + acrylonitrile relative to 100% by weight of butyl acrylate + acrylonitrile. The monomer mixture is prepared by thoroughly mixing 0.01 to 5% by weight of the molecular weight regulator with respect to the% by weight. Next, ion-exchanged water, an emulsifier, and the like were added to the prepared polymerization tank, and the temperature in the tank was adjusted to 35 ° C., and then 1-40 wt% of the prepared monomer mixture was first added, followed by complete dispersion with stirring for about 1 hour. Seed polymerization was carried out by adding phosphorus potassium persulfate and sodium sulfite over 2 hours, and then the remaining amount of the monomer mixture was continuously added for 3 to 6 hours while maintaining the temperature. It heats up at 80 degreeC and post-polymerizes over 2 to 5 hours.

이때 부틸 아크릴레이트의 함량이 70중량% 이하이면 가교 탄성체의 Tg가 상승하여 저온 충격성이 떨어지며, 고무 탄성체로서 충격 보강의 효과를 발휘할 수 없다. 또한, 99중량% 이상이면 가교 탄성체의 점착성이 증가되어 수지중에 고르게 분산되기 힘들어 성형시의 응력에 의해 고무 탄성체들의 응집이 일어남으로서 표면에 은조나 얼룩등을 발생시키는 원인이 된다.At this time, when the content of butyl acrylate is 70% by weight or less, the Tg of the crosslinked elastomer is increased to lower the low temperature impact property, and thus, the rubber elastic body cannot exhibit the effect of impact reinforcement. In addition, if the content is 99% by weight or more, the adhesiveness of the crosslinked elastomer is increased and it is hard to be uniformly dispersed in the resin, causing the rubber elastic bodies to aggregate due to the stress at the time of molding, which causes silver or stain on the surface.

그리고 가교성 단량체의 양이 10중량%를 넘으면 초기 저온 중합시에 단량체들의 조성비가 맞지 않음으로서 점착성이 큰 응집물이 다량 발생하여 중합 안정성이 떨어지고 가교 효율이 떨어져 가교 탄성체의 제조가 불가능해지며, 0.01중량% 이하이면 중합중 가교효과를 내지 못하여 얻어진 탄성체의 점도가 상승하고 점착성이 커지므로 수지의 충격 보강 역할을 하지 못한다.When the amount of the crosslinkable monomer exceeds 10% by weight, the composition ratio of the monomers does not match during initial low-temperature polymerization, so that a large amount of cohesive aggregates are generated, resulting in poor polymerization stability and poor crosslinking efficiency, making it impossible to prepare a crosslinked elastomer. If the content is less than or equal to weight%, the viscosity of the elastic body obtained by not having a crosslinking effect during polymerization increases and the adhesiveness becomes large, and thus does not play a role of impact reinforcement of the resin.

다음에 상기의 가교 탄성체(R)을 그라프트 시켜 내충격성을 향상시키기 위한 그라프트수지 조성물(A)는, 중합시킬때에 상기 가교 탄성체(R) 10∼60중량%를 이온교환수, 유화제와 함께 조 내에 투입하고 온도를 승온시키면서 개시제를 투입하고 60∼80℃로 유지시키면서, 별도의 조에서 스티렌 60∼80중량%, 아크릴로니트릴 20∼40중량% 및 상기 스티렌+아크릴로니트릴 100중량%에 대해 메틸 메타크릴레이트 1∼10중량%와 상기 스티렌+아크릴로니트릴 100중량%에 대해 분자량 조절제 0.1∼5중량%로 이루어진 혼합 단량체 40∼90중량%를 3∼8시간 연속 투입시켜 전환율이 99% 이상이 되면 반응을 종결시켜 얻을 수 있다.Next, the graft resin composition (A) for grafting the crosslinked elastomer (R) to improve impact resistance is 10 to 60% by weight of the crosslinked elastomer (R) when ionized with ion exchange water and an emulsifier. Into the bath together and the initiator was added while raising the temperature and maintained at 60 to 80 ℃, 60 to 80% by weight of styrene, 20 to 40% by weight of acrylonitrile and 100% by weight of the styrene + acrylonitrile in a separate bath 40 to 90% by weight of a mixed monomer consisting of 1 to 10% by weight of methyl methacrylate and 0.1 to 5% by weight of a molecular weight modifier relative to 100% by weight of the styrene + acrylonitrile was added for 3 to 8 hours in a continuous conversion. If it is more than%, it can be obtained by terminating the reaction.

이때 가교 탄성체의 함량이 60중량%를 넘으면 수지상 단량체의 양이 적어져서 그라프트 효율이 떨어지게 되고 이것은 고무가 수지중에 고루 분산되지 않는 결과를 낳으므로 결과적으로 수지 표면에 은조나 얼룩 발생등의 품질문제를 발생시키는 원인이 되며, 10중량% 이하가 되면 그라프트 효율은 높으나. 생산성이 떨어지고 유동성이 저하되어 성형시의 플로우 마크나 싱크 마크등의 품질문제를 발생시킬 수 있다.At this time, when the content of the crosslinked elastomer exceeds 60% by weight, the amount of the dendritic monomer decreases and the graft efficiency decreases, which results in the rubber not being dispersed evenly in the resin. If it is less than 10% by weight, the graft efficiency is high. The productivity decreases and the fluidity decreases, which may cause quality problems such as flow marks and sink marks during molding.

또한, 수지상 단량체 중 스티렌의 함량이 80중량%를 넘으면 아크릴로니트릴과의 반응속도차이에 의해 잔류 단량체의 양이 증가되어 그라프트 효율이 떨어지고 성형품의 은조 발생 원인이 되며, 60중량% 이하이면 중합중에 다량의 응집물이 발생되어 라텍스의 안정성이 떨어지고 물성이 떨어지는 결과를 초래한다.In addition, when the content of styrene in the dendritic monomer exceeds 80% by weight, the amount of residual monomer is increased due to the difference in reaction rate with acrylonitrile, resulting in poor graft efficiency and generation of silver in molded products. A large amount of aggregates are generated during the process, resulting in deterioration of latex stability and poor physical properties.

다음에, 수지상 공중합체(B)는 이온교환수와 유화제를 함께 조내에 투입한 후 온도를 승온시키면서 개시제를 투입하고 60∼80℃로 유지시키면서, 별도의 조에서 스티렌 60∼80중량%, 아크릴로니트릴 20∼40중량%와 상기 스티렌+아크릴로니트릴 100중량%에 대해 분자량 조절제 0.1∼5중량%로 이루어진 혼합 단량체를 3∼8시간 연속 투입시켜 전환율이 99% 이상이 되면 반응을 종결시켜 얻을 수 있다. 이때 수지상 공중합체(B)의 고유점도는 0.4∼0.9I.V.범위내인 것이 바람직하다.Next, the dendritic copolymer (B) is introduced into the tank together with ion-exchanged water and an emulsifier, and the initiator is added while maintaining the temperature at 60-80 ° C while the temperature is raised, and 60-80% by weight of styrene in a separate bath. A mixed monomer consisting of 20-40% by weight of ronitrile and 0.1-5% by weight of a molecular weight modifier relative to 100% by weight of the styrene + acrylonitrile is continuously added for 3 to 8 hours, and when the conversion rate is 99% or more, the reaction is terminated. Can be. At this time, the intrinsic viscosity of the dendritic copolymer (B) is preferably in the range of 0.4 to 0.9 I.V.

이렇게 제조된 그라프트 수지 조성물(A)와 수지상 조성물(B)를 가교 탄성체의 함량이 5∼45중량%가 되도록 라텍스상에서 혼합하고 염석하여 내후성이 특히 우수한 본 발명의 열가소성물을 얻는다.The graft resin composition (A) and the dendritic composition (B) thus prepared are mixed on a latex so that the content of the crosslinked elastomer is 5 to 45% by weight and salted to obtain a thermoplastic material of the present invention which is particularly excellent in weather resistance.

이하 실시예를 들어 본 발명을 보다 상세히 설명한다.The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following Examples.

[실시예 1]Example 1

1-1. 가교 탄성체(R-1)의 제조1-1. Preparation of Crosslinked Elastomer (R-1)

부틸 아크릴레이트 95중량%95% by weight of butyl acrylate

아크릴로니크릴 5중량%5% by weight of acrylonitrile

디비닐벤젠 3중량%3% by weight of divinylbenzene

과황산 칼륨 0.8중량%0.8 wt% potassium persulfate

아황산 나트륨 0.9중량%0.9 wt% sodium sulfite

라우릴 황산 나트륨 4.5중량%4.5% by weight sodium lauryl sulfate

t-도데실 머캅탄 0.3중량%0.3% by weight of t-dodecyl mercaptan

이온 교환수 280중량%280% by weight of ion-exchanged water

상기 조성에 따라 이온 교환수와 유화체를 중합조에 투입한 후 승온하여 35℃로 유지하면서 부틸아크릴레이트, 아크릴로니트릴, 디비닐벤젠 및 t-도데실 머캅탄의 혼합물중 20중량%를 먼저 투입하여 충분히 분산시키고 과황산 칼륨을 먼저 투입시키고 30분간 교반한 다음 아황산 나트륨을 투입하여 시드중합을 시킨 후 1시간 후에 잔량의 혼합 단량체를 5시간에 걸쳐 연속 투입시키고, 전환율이 99% 이상이 되면 온도를 75℃로 승온하여 3시간 숙성시켜 후중합을 실시함으로서 탄성체의 주쇄에 디비닐 벤젠이 가지고 있는 이중 결합을 유리시켜 가교시킴으로서 가교 탄성체(R-1)을 얻었다.According to the composition, 20% by weight of a mixture of butyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, divinylbenzene, and t-dodecyl mercaptan was first added while adding ion-exchanged water and an emulsifier to a polymerization tank and maintaining the temperature at 35 ° C. The mixture was sufficiently dispersed, potassium persulfate was added first, stirred for 30 minutes, and sodium sulfite was added for seed polymerization. After 1 hour, the remaining amount of mixed monomer was continuously added for 5 hours, and the conversion rate was 99% or more. The temperature was raised to 75 ° C. and aged for 3 hours to carry out postpolymerization, thereby releasing and crosslinking the double bond of divinyl benzene in the main chain of the elastomer to obtain a crosslinked elastomer (R-1).

얻어진 가교 탄성체를 톨루엔중에 침적시켜 25% ℃의 항온 항습조에서 48시간 침적시킨 후 아래의 식으로부터 가교 탄성체의 팽윤지수를 산출하였다.The obtained crosslinked elastomer was deposited in toluene and deposited for 48 hours in a constant temperature and humidity bath at 25%, and then the swelling index of the crosslinked elastomer was calculated from the following equation.

여기서 W는 침적후의 가교 탄성체의 중량(g)이고 W1은 재건조중량이다. 가교 탄성체(R-1)의 팽윤지수는 13.2이었다.Where W is the weight (g) of the crosslinked elastomer after deposition and W1 is the redrying weight. The swelling index of the crosslinked elastomer (R-1) was 13.2.

1-2. 가교 탄성체(R-2)~(R-10)의 제조.1-2. Manufacture of crosslinked elastomer (R-2)-(R-10).

가교성 단량체의 종류와 양을 표 1과 같이 변경시키면서 상기와 같은 방법으로 실시하여 가교탄성체(R-2)~(R-10)을 제조하고 그 팽윤지수를 측정하였다.Crosslinking elastomers (R-2) to (R-10) were prepared by the same method as described above while changing the type and amount of the crosslinkable monomer as shown in Table 1, and the swelling index thereof was measured.

[표 1]TABLE 1

* KPS ; 과황산 칼륨, SHS ; 이황산 나트륨, FS ; 과황산철* KPS; Potassium persulfate, SHS; Sodium disulfate, FS; Iron persulfate

TSPP ; 피로인산 나트륨, BA ; 부틸 아크릴레이트, AN ; 아클릴로니트릴,TSPP; Sodium pyrophosphate, BA; Butyl acrylate, AN; Acrylonitrile,

MMA ; 메틸 메타크릴레이트, EGDM ; 에틸렌글리콜디메타크릴레이트MMA; Methyl methacrylate, EGDM; Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate

DVB ; 디비닐벤젠DVB; Divinylbenzene

[실시예 2]Example 2

그라프트 수지조성물(A-1)의 제조Preparation of Graft Resin Composition (A-1)

가교 탄성체 라텍스(R-1)(고분형 기준) 40중량%40% by weight of crosslinked elastomer latex (R-1) (based on solid type)

스트렌 42중량%42% of styrene

아크릴로니트릴 18중량%18% by weight of acrylonitrile

t-도데실 머캅탄 0.6중량%0.6 wt% of t-dodecyl mercaptan

로진산 나트륨 3.5중량%3.5% by weight sodium rosin

과황산 칼륨 0.6중량%0.6% by weight potassium persulfate

이온 교환수 200중량%200% by weight of ion-exchanged water

상기 조성물중 가교 탄성체와 이온 교환수, 로진산 나트륨을 중합조에 투입한 후 온도를 승온시키면서 과황산 칼륨을 투입하고 75℃에서 스티렌과 아크릴로니트릴 및 t-도데실 머캅탄의 혼합물을 5시간에 걸쳐 연속투입하여 전환율이 99% 이상이 되면 반응을 종결시켰다.In the composition, cross-linked elastomer, ion-exchanged water, and sodium rosinate were added to a polymerization tank, and potassium persulfate was added therein while raising the temperature, and a mixture of styrene, acrylonitrile, and t-dodecyl mercaptan was added at 75 ° C. for 5 hours. The reaction was terminated when the conversion was over 99% by continuous injection over.

[실시예 3]Example 3

수지상 공중합체(B)의 제조Preparation of Dendritic Copolymer (B)

스티렌 75중량%Styrene 75% by weight

아크릴로니트릴 25중량%25% by weight of acrylonitrile

t-도데실 머캅탄 0.6중량%0.6 wt% of t-dodecyl mercaptan

지방산 나트륨 3.5중량%3.5% by weight of fatty acid sodium

과황산 칼륨 0.5중량%0.5% by weight potassium persulfate

이온 교환수 280중량%280% by weight of ion-exchanged water

상기의 조성에 따라 이온교환수와 유화제를 함께 조내에 투입하고 온도를 상승시키면서 개시제를 투입하고 70℃로 유지시키면서, 별도의 조에서 스티렌 75중량%, 아크릴로니트릴 25중량%(합계 100중량%)와 분자량 조절제 0.6중량%로 이루어진 혼합 단량체를 8시간 연속 투입시켜 전환율이 99% 이상이 되면 반응을 종결시켰다.According to the above composition, ion-exchanged water and emulsifier are added together into the tank, the initiator is added while the temperature is increased, and the temperature is maintained at 70 ° C. ) And a mixed monomer consisting of 0.6 wt% of a molecular weight regulator was continuously added for 8 hours to terminate the reaction when the conversion was 99% or more.

이때 얻어진 수상 공중합체의 고유 점도(I.V)는 0.6이었다.The intrinsic viscosity (I.V) of the obtained water phase copolymer was 0.6.

[실시예 4]Example 4

표 2에 나타낸 종류의 그라프트 수지체(A) 60중량% 및 실시예 3에서 얻은 수지상 공중합체(B) 40중량%를 고무 탄성체의 함량이 5~40중량%로 되도록 조정하여 혼합하고 염석, 탈수, 건조시킨 후 30z 사출기로 시편을 만들어 물성을 검사하고 결과를 표 2에 나타내었다. 표 2에서 R-9는 비교를 위하여 수용성 산화환원 개시제를 사용하지 않고 제조한 가교 탄성체이다.60% by weight of the graft resin body (A) of the type shown in Table 2 and 40% by weight of the dendritic copolymer (B) obtained in Example 3 were mixed and adjusted so that the content of the rubber elastomer was 5 to 40% by weight, salted out, After dehydration and drying, specimens were made with a 30z injector and tested for physical properties. The results are shown in Table 2. In Table 2, R-9 is a crosslinked elastomer prepared without using a water-soluble redox initiator for comparison.

[표 2]TABLE 2

열가소성 수지 조성물 시편의 물성Properties of Specimen of Thermoplastic Composition

Claims (1)

가교 고무 탄성체(R) 10~60중량부(고형분으로서)와 방향족 비닐화합물, 시안화 비닐화합물, 메타크릴산 알킬 에스테르로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 적어도 2종 이상의 단량체 혼합물 40~90중량부를 이온교환수, 유화제, 개시제, 분자량 조절제 등이 존재하는 수성 에멀젼중에서 60~80℃로 3~8시간 유화 그라프트 중합시켜 얻은 그라프트 수지 조성물(A) 30~90중량%와 방향족 비닐화합물, 시안화 비닐화합물, 메타크릴산 알킬에스테르로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 적어도 2종 이상의 단량체를 이온교환수, 유화제, 기시제, 분자량 조절제등이 존재하는 수성 에멀젼에서 60~80℃로 3~8시간 중합시켜 얻은 고유 점도(I.V)가 0.4~0.9인 수지상 공중합체(B) 10~70중량%를 라텍스상으로 혼합하여 가교 고무 탄성체의 함량이 5~45중량%가 되도록 조정한 후 염석을 행하여 열사소성 수지 조성물을 제조하는 방법에 있어서, 상기 가교 고무 탄성체(R)은 알킬기의 탄소수가 1~10인 아크릴산 알킬 에스테르 화합물 70~99중량%, 스티렌, 아크릴로 니트릴, 메틸 메타크릴레이트에서 선택된 적어도 1종 이상의 단량체 1~30중량%와 상기 에스테르 화합물+단량체 100중량%에 대해 분자중에 이중 결합을 2개 이상 갖는 가교성 단량체 0.01~10중량%로 이루어진 혼합물 중 1~40중량%를 먼저 이온 교환수, 유화제 등이 존재하에 완전히 분산시킨 수성 에멀젼에 과황산칼륨-아황산나트륨, 과황산칼륨-아황산나트륨-Fe 화합물, 과황산칼륨-아황산나트륨-피로인산나트륨등에서 선택된 수용성 산화 환원 개시제 1 또는 2종을 첨가하여 교반 한 후 다시 상기 개시제 1종 또는 2종을 가하여 40℃ 이하의 저온에서 2시간 동안 시드 중합한 후 잔량의 단량체 혼합물을 동일 온도에서 3~6시간 동안 연속 투입하여 중합시킨 후, 이어서 60~80?로 온도를 승온하여 2~5시간 동안 숙성하여 얻은 것임을 특징으로 하는 열가소성 수지 조성물의 제조 방법.40 to 90 parts by weight of at least two monomer mixtures selected from the group consisting of 10 to 60 parts by weight of the crosslinked rubber elastomer (R) (as a solid), an aromatic vinyl compound, a vinyl cyanide compound and a methacrylic acid alkyl ester To 90% by weight of the graft resin composition (A) obtained by emulsion graft polymerization at 60 to 80 ° C. for 3 to 8 hours in an aqueous emulsion in which an initiator, a molecular weight regulator and the like are present, and an aromatic vinyl compound, a vinyl cyanide compound and methacryl Intrinsic viscosity (IV) obtained by polymerizing at least two or more monomers selected from the group consisting of acid alkyl esters at 60 to 80 ° C. for 3 to 8 hours in an aqueous emulsion in which ion-exchanged water, emulsifiers, initiators, molecular weight regulators, etc. 10-70% by weight of the resinous copolymer (B) of 0.4-0.9 is mixed in latex to adjust the content of the crosslinked rubber elastomer to be 5-45% by weight, followed by salting. In the method for producing the composition, the crosslinked rubber elastomer (R) is at least one selected from 70 to 99% by weight of an acrylic acid alkyl ester compound having 1 to 10 carbon atoms of an alkyl group, styrene, acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate. 1 to 40% by weight of a mixture of 1 to 30% by weight of monomer and 0.01 to 10% by weight of crosslinkable monomer having two or more double bonds in the molecule relative to 100% by weight of the ester compound + monomer is first ion-exchanged water, emulsifier 1 or 2 water-soluble redox initiators selected from potassium persulfate-sodium sulfite, potassium persulfate-sodium sulfite-Fe compound, potassium persulfate-sodium sulfite-sodium pyrophosphate, etc. After stirring, one or two of the above initiators were added, followed by seed polymerization at a low temperature of 40 ° C. or lower for 2 hours, and then the remaining amount of the monomer mixture was kept at the same temperature. Method of producing a thermoplastic resin composition characterized in that it is obtained by polymerization for 3 to 6 hours continuously after the polymerization, and then aging for 2 to 5 hours by raising the temperature to 60 ~ 80 ℃.
KR1019920004805A 1992-03-25 1992-03-25 Manufacture method of thermoplastic resin composition KR950015141B1 (en)

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