KR890002826B1 - A composition for the protecting airpollution and saving energy - Google Patents
A composition for the protecting airpollution and saving energy Download PDFInfo
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- KR890002826B1 KR890002826B1 KR1019860005794A KR860005794A KR890002826B1 KR 890002826 B1 KR890002826 B1 KR 890002826B1 KR 1019860005794 A KR1019860005794 A KR 1019860005794A KR 860005794 A KR860005794 A KR 860005794A KR 890002826 B1 KR890002826 B1 KR 890002826B1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 대기오염 방지 및 에너지 절약용 조성물에 관한 것이다. 공업화가 급속도로 진전됨에 따라 대기오염이나 폐수용염 등이 사회적으로 큰 문제로 대두되고 있다. 물론 방카 C유의 연소시 발생하는 분진은 집진시설로 제거가 가능하나, 이의 가동시에 전력소모가 클뿐만 아니라 방카 C유에 함유된 유황성분 및 질소성분이 연소시 산화되어 생성되는 아황산가스나 질소산화물은 집진기로 제거가 어렵고 이들 물질은 스모그현상을 일으키는 원인이 되고 산성비를 내리게하는 주범이 되어 왔다. 실제로 대기옹염을 제거하기 위하여는 방키 C유가 불완전 연소되어 발생되는 유리탄소(끄름이나 건정)의 제거 및 연소시 생성된 아황산 가스와 질소산화물을 제거하여야 한다. 방카 C유의 불완전 연소는 대기오염의 원인이 될 뿐만 아니라 열효율 측면에서도 바람직하지 못하다. 최근 에너지 절약 방안의 하나로 에멀젼 연료가 세게적인 관심을 가지고 있으며, 방카 C유에 물과 유화제를 첨가하여 연소시키는 방법이 여러가지가 제안되었다. 예를들면, 특허공고 제91-578호에서는 제올라이트 25%와 산화마그네슘 15%, 초석 5% 및 물 55%의 조성으로 이루어진 탈황제조조성물을 연료유에 첨가하여 방카 C유등을 연소한다고 하였으나, 이들 물질을 첨가하여 연소시켜도, 아황산 가스와 질소산화물은 어느정도 제거가 가능하나, 물과 연료유를 기계적으로 약 3600RPM정도의 고도 혼합을 시켜도 곧바로 유수 분리가 일어나 완전 연소가 되지 않으며, 따라서 분진 발생이 크며, 에너지 소모가 많아지는 결점이 있다.The present invention relates to an air pollution prevention and energy saving composition. With the rapid progress of industrialization, air pollution and waste water soluble salts are becoming a big social problem. Of course, dust generated during combustion of banca C oil can be removed by a dust collection facility, but the power consumption is high during its operation, and sulfur and nitrogen oxides produced by oxidizing the sulfur and nitrogen components contained in banca C oil during combustion. Silver dust collectors are difficult to remove, and these substances cause smog and have been the main culprit for acid rain. In fact, to remove airborne salt, Banky C oil has to remove free carbon (slip or dry) produced by incomplete combustion and remove sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides produced during combustion. Incomplete combustion of banca C oil not only causes air pollution, but is also undesirable in terms of thermal efficiency. Recently, emulsion fuel has been of great interest as one of energy saving measures, and various methods of burning water by adding water and emulsifier to banca C oil have been proposed. For example, in Patent Publication No. 91-578, a desulfurization composition consisting of 25% zeolite, 15% magnesium oxide, 5% salt and 55% water is added to fuel oil to burn banca C oil. Although sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides can be removed to some extent even if added, the oil and water can be separated immediately without high combustion even if the oil and fuel oil are mechanically mixed at a high altitude of about 3600 RPM, thus generating large dust. There is a drawback of increasing energy consumption.
또한 특허공고 제82-1890호에서는 미디엄 Mg(OH)2·Ca(OH)2·CH3OH를 물에 용해하여 50-60°로 가열시키고 중질유류를 80-90°로 가열한 후 양자를 7 : 3(7=Mg(OH)2·Ca(OH)2·CH3OH/H2O, 3=방카 C유)의 용적비로 혼합하여 여기에 기존 중질유류를 1 : 1내지 1 : 4의 용적비로 2차 결수시켜서 방카 C유를 연소시키는 방법인것이나, 이 방법에서도 에멀죤을 물과 함께 방카 C유와 혼합시 기계적으로 약 3600RPM의 회전속도로 혼합하여도 곧바로 유리분리가 일어나 분진발생은 마찬가지로 발생하며, 완전연소가 불가능한 문제점이 있어서 아직 실용화되지 못하였다.In addition, Patent Publication No. 82-1890 discloses dissolving medium Mg (OH) 2 · Ca (OH) 2 · CH 3 OH in water, heating it to 50-60 °, and heating heavy oil to 80-90 °. 7: 3 (7 = Mg (OH) 2 · Ca (OH) 2 · CH 3 OH / H 2 O, 3 = Banka C oil) and mixed with the existing heavy oil in a ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 4. It is a method of burning banca C oil by secondary condensation at a volume ratio of 2, but also in this method, when the emulsion zone is mixed with banca C oil with water at the rotational speed of about 3600 RPM mechanically, glass separation occurs immediately. Occurs similarly and has not been put to practical use because of a problem that cannot be completely burned.
또한 물과 기름을 초음파를 이용하여 혼합시키는 방법도 제시 되었으나, 이 경우도 급속히 유수분리가 발생하여 소기하는 목적을 달성할 수 없었다.In addition, a method of mixing water and oil using ultrasonic waves has also been proposed, but in this case, oil / water separation may occur rapidly, and thus, the purpose of scavenging could not be achieved.
본 발명자들은 이러한 에멀젼 연료의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 오랜 연구를 행하여 에멀죤 연료를 낮은 회전속도로(약 50-100 RPM)혼합하여도 물과 방카 C 유기 W/O상태로 완전히 유화되고, 이 유화된 에멀젼이 장기간 저장하여도 유수분리현상이 발생하지 않고 연소시 완전 연소하여 에너지 절감이 될뿐만 아니라 분진이 전혀 발생하지 않고 연료의 산화시에 발생하는 아황산가스와 질소산화물이 모두 포집되어 대기오염이 전혀 발생하지 않는 놀라운 사실을 발견하여 본 발명을 완성하게 되었다. 방카 C유에는 왁스류와 같은 고급지방산의 에스테류가 소량 존재하며, 이 방카 C유를 강알카리 및 물과 함께 가열 교반하면 이들 에스테르류가 가수분해되어 고급지방산의 알카리금속염이 형성되어 이들 고급지방산의 알카리 금속염이 유화제의 기능을 함으로서 국 방카 C유 성분이 유화제 성분으로 전환되어 물이 W/O타잎의 유제를 형성하여 방카 C유에 포함된 물은 2-5μ크기로 되고 그 주위에 연속적으로 방카 C유가 둘러싸고 있다.The present inventors have long researched to solve the problem of emulsion fuel, and even when the emulsion fuel is mixed at low rotational speed (about 50-100 RPM), it is completely emulsified in water and banca C organic W / O state. Even if the emulsion is stored for a long time, oil-water separation does not occur, it burns completely during combustion, and it saves energy, and there is no dust at all, and both sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides generated during the oxidation of fuel are collected. The surprising facts that never occur have been completed to complete the present invention. There is a small amount of esters of higher fatty acids such as waxes in banca C oil. When banca C oil is heated and stirred with strong alkali and water, these esters are hydrolyzed to form alkali metal salts of higher fatty acids. Alkaline metal salts function as emulsifiers, so the national Bangka C oil is converted into an emulsifier and the water forms an emulsion of W / O type. The water contained in Banka C oil is 2-5μ in size and continuously banca around it. Oil C surrounds it.
본 발명을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다. 가성소다 또는 강알카리와 같은 강알카리류 80-120 중량부, MgCl225-75중량부, CaCl280-120중량부 및 NaCl310-50을 물 80-150중량부와 혼합한다. 상기 조성물은 물에 CaCl2와 MgCl2를 먼저 용해하고 여기에 Na2CO3를 가하여 반응시킨다. 다음에 NaOH를 가하고 용해시킨다.The present invention is described in detail as follows. 80-120 parts by weight of strong alkalis such as caustic soda or strong alkali, 25-75 parts by weight of MgCl 2 , 80-120 parts by weight of CaCl 2 and NaCl 3 10-50 are mixed with 80-150 parts by weight of water. The composition dissolves CaCl 2 and MgCl 2 first in water and reacts with Na 2 CO 3 added thereto. NaOH was then added and dissolved.
상기 조성물은 물중에서 다음과 같이 반응화한다.The composition is reacted in water as follows.
Na2CO3+MgCl2+CaCl2→MgCO3+CaCO3+NaClNa 2 CO 3 + MgCl 2 + CaCl 2 → MgCO 3 + CaCO 3 + NaCl
NaOH+MgCl2→MgOH+NaClNaOH + MgCl 2 → MgOH + NaCl
NaOH+CaCl2→Ca(OH)2+NaClNaOH + CaCl 2 → Ca (OH) 2 + NaCl
즉 본 발명의 조성물중에서 과량의 NaOH기가 용해되고 여기에 MgCO3, CaCO3, Mg(OH)2, Ca(OH)2및 NaCl이 공존하게 된다.That is, excess NaOH groups are dissolved in the composition of the present invention and MgCO 3 , CaCO 3 , Mg (OH) 2 , Ca (OH) 2 and NaCl coexist therein.
이 조성물은 방카 C유와 약 60°-80℃의 온도에서 약 50-60 RPM정도의 회전속도로 회전시키면 방카 C유중의 고급 지방산의 에스테르 성분이 다음의 반응으로 가수분해되어 고급지방산의 나트륨염이 생성된다.When the composition is rotated at a rotational speed of about 50-60 RPM with banca C oil at a temperature of about 60 ° -80 ° C., the ester component of the higher fatty acid in banca C oil is hydrolyzed by the following reaction to form sodium salt of higher fatty acid. Is generated.
RCOOR1+NaOH+H2O→RCOONa+R1: OHRCOOR 1 + NaOH + H 2 O → RCOONa + R 1 : OH
R : 고급알킬기, R' : 알킬기R: higher alkyl group, R ': alkyl group
상기 반응에서 생성된 RCOONa가 유화제의 기능을 하여 첨가된 물과 방카 C유를 완전히 유화시켜 오랜동안 저장하여도 유수분리가 일어나지 않으며, 물의 크기가 약 2-5μ정도의 미세한 입자로 생성하게 된다.The RCOONa produced in the reaction functions as an emulsifier and completely emulsifies the added water and banca C oil so that oil-water separation does not occur even when stored for a long time, and the size of water is about 2-5 μ to produce fine particles.
이렇게 되면 방카 C 유메멀젼중에는 물, RCOONa, CaCO3, MgCO3, Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2및 NaCl이 미세분산되어 균질하게 혼합된 형태로 존재하게 된다.In this case, water, RCOONa, CaCO 3 , MgCO 3 , Ca (OH) 2 , Mg (OH) 2 and NaCl are finely dispersed and homogeneously mixed in the banca C-emulsion.
이 방카 C유 에멀젼을 버너에서 분무시키면 약 30-100μ정도의 유적이 되어 비산되며, 이 유적은 가열되어 표면의 기능이 기화하며, 연소가 시작된다. 이와 동시에 연소에 의한 고온의 연소열에 의하여 유적중에서 약3-5μ크기로 분산되러 있던 물이 순간적으로 기화하여 그 체적이 약 1300배로 팽창되어 폭발하여 주위의 오일막을 파괴하여 극히 미세한 유적을 형성시켜서 혼합된 공기와 완전 연소가 되어 불완전 연소에 의한 탄소생성이 전혀 없게 된다. 이때 미세하게 혼재된 MgCO3, CaCO2, Mg(OH), Ca(OH) RCOONa 소열에 의하여 다음의 화학반응에 의하여 각각 MgO 및 CaO를 생성한다.Spraying this banca C emulsion from the burner results in a remnant of about 30-100 µm, which is heated to vaporize the function of the surface and start combustion. At the same time, the water, which had been dispersed in the size of about 3-5μ in the remains by the high temperature combustion heat by combustion, evaporated momentarily, its volume expanded about 1300 times and exploded, destroying the surrounding oil film to form extremely fine remains. Complete combustion and complete combustion results in no carbon production due to incomplete combustion. At this time, MgCO 3 , CaCO 2 , Mg (OH), and Ca (OH) RCOONa are burned by the following chemical reactions to produce MgO and CaO, respectively.
MgCO3→MgO+CO2 MgCO 3 → MgO + CO 2
Mg(OH)2→MgO+H2OMg (OH) 2 → MgO + H 2 O
CaCO3→CaO+CO2 CaCO 3 → CaO + CO 2
Ca(OH)2→CaO+H2OCa (OH) 2 → CaO + H 2 O
2 RCOONa→CO2+H2O+Na2O2 RCOONa → CO 2 + H 2 O + Na 2 O
상기 반응에 의하여 생성된 MgO, CaO 및 Na2O는 연소시 생성된 SO2및 질소산화물과 순간적으로 다음과같이 반응한다.MgO, CaO and Na 2 O produced by the reaction reacts instantaneously with SO 2 and nitrogen oxides produced during combustion as follows.
MgO+SO2→MgSO3 MgO + SO 2 → MgSO 3
CaO+SO2→CaSO3 CaO + SO 2 → CaSO 3
Na2O+SO2→Na2SO3 Na 2 O + SO 2 → Na 2 SO 3
MgO+NO2→MgNO3 MgO + NO 2 → MgNO 3
CaO+NO2→CaNO2 CaO + NO 2 → CaNO 2
Na2O+NO2→NaNO3+NaNO2 Na 2 O + NO 2 → NaNO 3 + NaNO 2
상기 반응은 연소실내의 산소에 의하여 더욱 산화되어 다음과 같이 진행될 수도 있다.The reaction may be further oxidized by oxygen in the combustion chamber and proceed as follows.
MgO+SO2+1/2O2→MgSO4 MgO + SO 2 + 1 / 2O 2 → MgSO 4
CaO+SO2+1/12O2→CaSO4 CaO + SO 2 + 1 / 12O 2 → CaSO 4
Na2O+SO2+1/2 O2→Na2SO4 Na 2 O + SO 2 +1/2 O 2 → Na 2 SO 4
즉 상기 반응에 의하여 유리의 아황산 가스나 질소산화물은 의기로 방출되지 않으며, 방카 C유가 완전연소되기 때문에 미산화 탄소분이나 분진이 발생하지 않음으로 대기오염을 일으키지 않는다. 또한 방카 C유가 완전 연소함으로 물의 기화시에 소요되는 기화열을 제외하고는 에너지의 절약이 가능하다.That is, the sulfurous acid gas or nitrogen oxide of the glass is not released to the gas by the reaction, and since the banca C oil is completely burned, carbon dioxide or dust does not occur, and thus does not cause air pollution. In addition, it is possible to save energy except for the heat of vaporization required when evaporating water as banca C oil is completely burned.
의기로 방출되는 MgSO3, CaSO3등은 염기성 물질임으로 토양을 알카리성화하시킴으로 산성화 토양의 알카리성화에도 크게 기여할 수 있다.MgSO 3 , CaSO 3, etc., which are released into the group, are basic substances, which can greatly contribute to alkalizing acidified soils by alkalizing the soil.
다음에 실시예로서 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다.Next, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples.
[실시예]EXAMPLE
물 100g에 Na2CO325g 및 CaCl2100g을 용해한다. 여기에 사성소다 100G을 가하고 잘 교반하여 비중 약 1.3의 현탁액을 얻는다.Dissolve 25 g Na 2 CO 3 and 100 g CaCl 2 in 100 g of water. To this was added 100 g of tetrasodium soda and stirred well to obtain a suspension having a specific gravity of about 1.3.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR1019860005794A KR890002826B1 (en) | 1986-07-16 | 1986-07-16 | A composition for the protecting airpollution and saving energy |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR1019860005794A KR890002826B1 (en) | 1986-07-16 | 1986-07-16 | A composition for the protecting airpollution and saving energy |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| KR880001794A KR880001794A (en) | 1988-04-26 |
| KR890002826B1 true KR890002826B1 (en) | 1989-08-04 |
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| US7550665B2 (en) * | 2003-07-24 | 2009-06-23 | Kaneka Corporation | Stacked photoelectric converter |
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