KR820000239B1 - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display Download PDF

Info

Publication number
KR820000239B1
KR820000239B1 KR7601850A KR760001850A KR820000239B1 KR 820000239 B1 KR820000239 B1 KR 820000239B1 KR 7601850 A KR7601850 A KR 7601850A KR 760001850 A KR760001850 A KR 760001850A KR 820000239 B1 KR820000239 B1 KR 820000239B1
Authority
KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
crystal display
crystal molecules
display device
lower plate
Prior art date
Application number
KR7601850A
Other languages
Korean (ko)
Inventor
히로나리 다나까
마쓰히사 후지다
마사하루 고오야마
다다시 이시바시
가즈히사 도리야마
미끼오 가메가기
Original Assignee
요시야마 히로기찌
가부시기 가이샤 히다찌 세이사구쇼
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 요시야마 히로기찌, 가부시기 가이샤 히다찌 세이사구쇼 filed Critical 요시야마 히로기찌
Priority to KR7601850A priority Critical patent/KR820000239B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of KR820000239B1 publication Critical patent/KR820000239B1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133746Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers for high pretilt angles, i.e. higher than 15 degrees

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

Title device, displaying clear manifestation, is provided by means of regulating the orientation of liquid crystal molecules. The required parts of liquid crystal which is inserted in between an upper plate(1) and a lower plate(2) are varied optically by being applied voltage. The inner layers of the plates (1,2) are treated to have deposited layer(s), where each molecular chain of liquid crystal is inclined with 5o-30o against the inner layers of two plates(1,2).

Description

액정 표시 장치Liquid crystal display

제 1 도는 종래의 액정표시장치의 일예를 도시한 단면도.1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional liquid crystal display device.

제 2 도는 종래의 액정표시장치에 의해 얻어지는 표시를 도시한 평면도.2 is a plan view showing a display obtained by a conventional liquid crystal display device.

제 3 도, 제 5 도는 본 발명의 액정표시장치의 실시예를 예시한 단면도.3 and 5 are cross-sectional views illustrating an embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

제 4 도는 본 발명에 의한 액정표시장치의 제조방법의 예를 예시한 간략구성도.4 is a simplified block diagram illustrating an example of a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

본 발명은 액정표시장치에 관한 것으로써, 특히 액정의 배향(配向)을 규제해서 양질의 표시가 행해질 수 있도록한 액정표 시장치에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal table market value in which high quality display can be performed by regulating the orientation of liquid crystals.

일반적으로, 전계효과형 액정표시장치는 저 소비 전력성을 가진것으로써 전자식 탁상 계산기나 또는 디지탈 팔목시계의 표시용으로서 유용성이 인정되어 왔다. 액정표 시장치의 원리는 다음과 같다. 즉, 평행배치된 유리로된 상판, 하판사이에 정(正)의 유전이방성(誘電異方性)을 가진 액정을 개재시키고, 다시 액정 분자를 상기 상판, 하판의 계면(界面)에 평행되게 또 양계면에 있어서 그 배열 방향을 서로 약 90°비틀린 배향상태로 하는 것으로 이것에 의해 액정분자는 상판 방향에서 하판방향에 걸쳐 약 90°비틀린 소위 트위스트 배열된다. 그리고, 이 소자를 서로 직교하는 1조의 편광자계 사이에 설치한다. 이때, 외부에서 이 광합계에 입사되는 빛은 한편의 편광자에 의해 직선편광된 후 액정분자의 트위스트 배열에 의해 약 90°회전된 후 타방의 편광자를 투과한다. 그리고 여기서 상판, 하판의 내벽에 적당한 문자, 도형등의 투명 전극을 부가하고 이것에 수볼트 수 10볼트의 전압을 인가하면 액정분자는 트위스트 배열에서 대략 수직으로 전계방향과 동일한 방향으로 배열하므로 이 상태에서 입사광은 액정분자로 회전되지 않고 차단된다. 따라서 이와 같은 동작에 따르는 빛의 투과, 차단의 절환으로 숫자, 도형들을 표시할 수 있다.In general, the field effect type liquid crystal display device has low power consumption and has been recognized for its usefulness for displaying on an electronic desk calculator or digital wrist watch. The principle of the liquid crystal table market value is as follows. That is, a liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy is interposed between the upper and lower plates made of parallel glass, and the liquid crystal molecules are further paralleled to the interface between the upper and lower plates. The alignment directions of the two interfaces are in a twisted state of about 90 ° to each other, whereby the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in a so-called twist that is twisted about 90 ° from the upper plate direction to the lower plate direction. And this element is provided between a set of polarizing magnetic fields orthogonal to each other. At this time, the light incident from the outside to the photosynthesis is linearly polarized by one polarizer and then rotated about 90 ° by the twisted arrangement of liquid crystal molecules, and then passes through the other polarizer. In this case, if transparent electrodes such as letters and figures are added to the inner walls of the upper and lower plates and a voltage of 10 volts is applied thereto, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged approximately in the same direction as the electric field direction in the twisted arrangement. Incident light is blocked without being rotated by liquid crystal molecules. Therefore, numbers and figures can be displayed by switching light transmission and blocking according to such an operation.

그렇지만 종래의 이와 같은 구성의 액정표 시장치는 전극간에 전압을 인가한 상태에 있어서 유기(誘起)도메인(clomain)이라고 불리우는 표시의 결함이 발생한다. 즉, 전계가 걸린 액정분자는 이 전계의 방향과 대략 평행으로 되는 것이지만 실제로는 제 1 도에서 도시한 것처럼 된다. 제 1 도에 표시된 번호 1은 상판, 2는 하판, 3은 투명도전막, 4는 액정분자, 5는 평관판, 6은 반사판을 표시한 것이다. 도면에 명확하게 도시된 것처럼 액정분자(4)는 전계가 걸린 상태에 있어 영역(a)과 영역(b)에서의 상판(4)에 대한 경사는 다르다. 지금 각 액정분자(4)의 양단에 부호 ℓ, m을 붙이면 영역(a)에 있어서는 액정분자(4)의 ℓ쪽이 상판(1)에 근접되지만, 영역(b)에 있어서는 m 쪽이 상판(1)에 근접되어 있다. 따라서 이 경우의 영역(a)부분과 영역(b) 부분의 콘트라스트가 달라 표시에는 제 2 도에 도시한 것처럼, 얼룩진 부분(20)이 나타나 표시품질을 심히 열화시키게 된다. 이와 같은 현상을 유기(誘起)도메인현상이라고 한다.However, in the conventional liquid crystal display market having such a configuration, a display defect called an organic domain occurs in a state where a voltage is applied between electrodes. That is, the liquid crystal molecules subjected to the electric field are substantially parallel to the direction of the electric field, but are actually as shown in FIG. In Fig. 1, numeral 1 denotes an upper plate, 2 denotes a lower plate, 3 denotes a transparent conductive film, 4 denotes a liquid crystal molecule, 5 denotes a flat tube plate, and 6 denotes a reflecting plate. As clearly shown in the figure, the liquid crystal molecules 4 are in an inclined state with respect to the top plate 4 in the regions a and b. If l and m are attached to both ends of each of the liquid crystal molecules 4, the l side of the liquid crystal molecule 4 is close to the top plate 1 in the region a, but in the region b, the m side is the top plate ( Close to 1). Therefore, in this case, the contrast between the area a and the area b is different, so that the stained portion 20 appears on the display, as shown in FIG. This phenomenon is called organic domain phenomenon.

따라서 본 발명의 목적은 이러한 유기 도메현상을 소멸시켜 우수한 표시를 행할 수 있는 양호한 액정표시장치를 제공하는데 있다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a good liquid crystal display device capable of dissipating such organic dome phenomenon and performing excellent display.

본 발명은 이와 같은 목적을 성취시키기 위해 전압을 인가할 때에 액정 분자가 항상 일정한 방향에서 일어설 수 있도록 액정분자에 대해서 일정하게 경사지게한 것이고 이하 실시예를 참고하여 상세하게 기술하면 다음과 같다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is inclined with respect to the liquid crystal molecules so that the liquid crystal molecules always stand in a constant direction when applying a voltage, which will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.

제 3 도는 본 발명에 의한 액정표시장치의 한실시예를 도시한 것으로, 특히 상판(1), 하판(2)의 내면을 도시한 것이다. 본 발명은 제 3 도에 도시된 것처럼 액정분자(4)에 대해 상판(1), 하판(2)의 계면에 대해, 전압무인 가의 상태로 5°~30°의 경사를 이루도록 배향 제어하는 것이다. 이 배향제어는 예를들면, 제 4 도에 도시한 것처럼 상판(1), 하판(2)에 대해 15°이하의 입사각(θ)으로 증착을 하는 것에 의해 증착층(S)을 제 3 도에 도시한 것처럼 톱니형으로 형성할 수 있고 이 증착층(S)의 경사각에서 액정분자(4)를 5°~30°의 각도(α)로 배향할 수 있다. 제 5 도는 이와 같은 방법에 의해 액정분자(4)가 배향제어된 액정표시장치를 예시한것으로, 제 1 도에 대응되는 도면이다.3 shows an embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, and particularly shows the inner surfaces of the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the orientation control is performed such that the liquid crystal molecules 4 are inclined at an angle of 5 ° to 30 ° with respect to the interface between the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2 in an unattended state. For example, the orientation control is performed by depositing the deposition layer S in FIG. 3 by depositing at an incidence angle θ of 15 ° or less with respect to the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2 as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, it can be formed in a sawtooth shape and the liquid crystal molecules 4 can be oriented at an angle α of 5 ° to 30 ° at the inclination angle of the deposition layer S. FIG. FIG. 5 illustrates a liquid crystal display device in which the liquid crystal molecules 4 are oriented by the above-described method. FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG.

이와같은 구성에 의해 전압이 투명도전막(3)에 인가되면 액정분자(4)는 상판(1), 하판(2)의 내면에서 이간된 m 측에서 동시에 일어선다. 따라서 이와 같이 일어선 액정분자(4)의 상판(1), 하판(2)에 대한 경사각도 같게되어 종래와 같이 부분적으로 배향상태가 다른것에 의해 발생되는 유기도메인을 소멸할 수 있다.When a voltage is applied to the transparent conductive film 3 by such a configuration, the liquid crystal molecules 4 rise simultaneously on the m side separated from the inner surface of the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2. Therefore, the inclination angles of the upper and lower plates 1 and 2 of the liquid crystal molecules 4 thus raised are also the same, so that the organic domains generated by the different orientation states can be eliminated.

여기에서 액정분자(4)와 상판(1), 하판(2)이 만드는 경사각을 5°~30°로 설정한 이유는 5°이하에서는 유기 도메인의 소멸에 효과가 없고, 30°이상에서는 전압무인가의 상태에서 표시에 색얼룩이 생기기 때문이다. 또한, 실험상, 이각도(α)의 최적범위는 15°~30°가 되었는데, 10°~30°의 범위이면 충분히 사용가능하다는 것이 판명되었다.Here, the inclination angles of the liquid crystal molecules 4, the upper plate 1, and the lower plate 2 are set to 5 ° to 30 °. This is because color stains appear on the display in the state of. In addition, in experiments, the optimum range of the angle α was 15 ° to 30 °, but it was found that the range of 10 ° to 30 ° can be used sufficiently.

액정분자(4)와 상판(1), 하판(2)이 만드는 각도(α)의 측정이 문제시되나 이 각도(α)는 다음과 같이 구해진다. 즉 액정분자(4)는 자장의 방향으로 배향되는 성질을 가지고 있기 때문에, 자장을 인가안할 때의 소자의 용량과 자장을 인가했을 때의 소자의 용량이 일치했을 때의 자장의 방향과 상판, 하판이 만든각을 구하면, 이것이 바로 액정분자와 상판, 하판이 만든 각도가 된다.The measurement of the angle α made by the liquid crystal molecules 4, the upper plate 1, and the lower plate 2 is problematic, but the angle α is obtained as follows. That is, since the liquid crystal molecules 4 have the property of being oriented in the direction of the magnetic field, the direction of the magnetic field, the upper plate and the lower plate when the capacitance of the element when the magnetic field is not applied and the capacitance of the element when the magnetic field is applied are the same. If this angle is obtained, this is the angle made by the liquid crystal molecules, the upper plate and the lower plate.

본 실시예에 있어서 액정분자(4)의 배향제어는 사방(斜方)증착에 의해 시행되는 것으로서 설명하였으며 전계효과형 액정표시장치에 적용시켜 설명하였다.In this embodiment, the alignment control of the liquid crystal molecules 4 is described as being carried out by evaporation in all directions, and has been described by applying to the field effect type liquid crystal display device.

이상 설명한 것처럼 본 발명에 의한 액정표시장치에 의하면 유기 도메인이 소멸되므로 품질이 우수한 표시를 행할 수 있다.As described above, according to the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, since the organic domain disappears, display with excellent quality can be performed.

Claims (1)

두장의 상판과 하판 사이에 개재시킨 액정의 소정부분에 전압을 인가하여 이 부분의 액정에 광학적 변화를 생기게하여 소정의 패턴의 문자, 도형, 기호를 표시하는 액정표시장치에 있어서, 상판(1)과 하판(2)의 내면을 처리해서 액정의 분자(4)축이 이 상판(1)과 하판(2)의 내면에 대해 5°~30°의 경사각을 갖도록 증착층(S)을 설치한 것을 특징으로 하는 액정표시장치.In a liquid crystal display device for displaying letters, figures, and symbols of a predetermined pattern by applying a voltage to a predetermined portion of the liquid crystal interposed between two upper and lower plates to cause an optical change in the liquid crystal of this portion, the upper panel (1) The inner surface of the lower plate 2 was treated so that the deposition layer S was provided such that the molecules 4 axis of the liquid crystal had an inclination angle of 5 ° to 30 ° with respect to the inner surfaces of the upper plate 1 and the lower plate 2. A liquid crystal display device.
KR7601850A 1976-07-30 1976-07-30 Liquid crystal display KR820000239B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR7601850A KR820000239B1 (en) 1976-07-30 1976-07-30 Liquid crystal display

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR7601850A KR820000239B1 (en) 1976-07-30 1976-07-30 Liquid crystal display

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
KR820000239B1 true KR820000239B1 (en) 1982-03-08

Family

ID=19202525

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
KR7601850A KR820000239B1 (en) 1976-07-30 1976-07-30 Liquid crystal display

Country Status (1)

Country Link
KR (1) KR820000239B1 (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6285431B2 (en) Liquid crystal display having wide viewing angle
US7570335B2 (en) In-plane switching liquid crystal display device and method
Lee et al. Rubbing-free, vertically aligned nematic liquid crystal display controlled by in-plane field
KR20020002134A (en) Fringe field switching mode lcd
JPH1124109A (en) Liquid crystal display device of ips mode
CN105388659B (en) In-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device and display device
US20080180377A1 (en) Liquid crystal display device
KR100486186B1 (en) Liquid crystal display device
KR20150010042A (en) Liquid crystal display
KR820000239B1 (en) Liquid crystal display
KR100448045B1 (en) Fringe field swiching mode lcd
KR100903650B1 (en) Liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method of the same
KR100507275B1 (en) FRINGE FIELD SWITCHING MODE LCD applying HAN mode
KR100648215B1 (en) Fringe field switching mode lcd
CN102422211B (en) Liquid crystal display device
RU2582208C2 (en) Method of controlling amplitude and direction of electric field in liquid crystal layer, device for controlling amplitude and direction of electric field in liquid crystal layer and liquid crystal light modulator
KR100759966B1 (en) liquid crystal display
KR100368988B1 (en) High Opening and High Transmittance Liquid Crystal Display
KR100306806B1 (en) Liquid crystal display
KR100289652B1 (en) Reflective Liquid Crystal Display
KR100301034B1 (en) Liquid crystal display
KR100656907B1 (en) liquid crystal display
CN114035382B (en) Cholesterol type liquid crystal display
KR100513650B1 (en) LCD Display
KR20010064410A (en) Fringe field switching mode lcd device