KR20230106388A - Manufacruting method of solid fuel including cotton ball waste and solid fuel manufactured by the same - Google Patents
Manufacruting method of solid fuel including cotton ball waste and solid fuel manufactured by the same Download PDFInfo
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- raw material
- solid fuel
- waste
- cotton fiber
- waste cotton
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 235000009161 Espostoa lanata Nutrition 0.000 title 1
- 240000001624 Espostoa lanata Species 0.000 title 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001133760 Acoelorraphe Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
- C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
- C10L5/14—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders with organic binders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0407—Specifically defined hydrocarbon fractions as obtained from, e.g. a distillation column
- C10L2200/0453—Petroleum or natural waxes, e.g. paraffin waxes, asphaltenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/06—Firelighters or wicks, as additive to a solid fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/18—Spraying or sprinkling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/28—Cutting, disintegrating, shredding or grinding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/32—Molding or moulds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
본 발명은, 폐 목화섬유를 준비하는 목화섬유 준비 단계; 상기 폐 목화섬유를 건조한 뒤 분쇄하여 목화섬유 분말을 제조하는 분말 혼합물 제조 단계; 상기 목화섬유 분말과 폐유를 혼합하여 원료 슬러지를 제조하는 원료 슬러지 제조 단계; 상기 폐 목화섬유와 원료 슬러지를 혼합하여 원료 혼합물을 제조하는 원료 혼합물 제조 단계; 상기 원료 혼합물을 소정 형상으로 성형한 뒤 건조하여 고체연료를 제조하는 성형 단계;를 포함하는, 폐 목화섬유를 이용한 고체연료의 제조 방법 및 이에 따라 제조된 폐 목화섬유가 포함된 고체연료에 관한 것으로, 방적 공정이나 목화솜을 사용하여 제품을 제조하는 공정에서 발생하는 폐 목화섬유를 재활용하여 연료화할 수 있는 장점이 있다.The present invention, the cotton fiber preparation step of preparing the waste cotton fiber; A powder mixture preparation step of drying and pulverizing the waste cotton fibers to prepare cotton fiber powder; Raw material sludge production step of preparing raw material sludge by mixing the cotton fiber powder and waste oil; A raw material mixture preparation step of preparing a raw material mixture by mixing the waste cotton fiber and raw material sludge; It relates to a method for producing solid fuel using waste cotton fibers, including a molding step of forming the raw material mixture into a predetermined shape and then drying it to produce solid fuel, and a solid fuel containing waste cotton fibers produced thereby. However, there is an advantage in that waste cotton fibers generated in the spinning process or in the process of manufacturing products using cotton wool can be recycled and turned into fuel.
Description
본 발명은 폐 목화섬유를 이용한 고체연료의 제조방법 및 이에 따라 제조된 폐 목화섬유가 포함된 고체섬유에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 기존의 방적 공정이나 목화솜을 사용하여 제품을 제조하는 공정에서 발생하는 폐 목화섬유를 재활용하여 연료화할 수 있는 방법 및 이에 따라 제조된 고체연료에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for producing solid fuel using waste cotton fiber and to a solid fiber containing waste cotton fiber produced thereby, and more particularly, in a process of manufacturing a product using a conventional spinning process or cotton wool. It relates to a method for recycling generated waste cotton fibers into fuel and a solid fuel manufactured thereby.
면섬유는 천연 섬유의 일종으로, 목화에서 얻어낸 솜에서 추출되어 제조되며, 부드럽고 쾌적한 촉감을 갖고, 인체에 자극이 적으며, 흡습성이 우수하고, 강도가 뛰어나 사람의 옷, 속옷을 포함하여 거즈, 붕대, 침구 등 피부에 닿을 수 있는 다양한 제품군에 적용되는 섬유이다.Cotton fiber is a kind of natural fiber, which is manufactured by extracting from cotton obtained from cotton. It has a soft and pleasant touch, is less irritating to the human body, has excellent hygroscopicity, and has excellent strength. It is a fiber that is applied to various products that can come into contact with the skin, such as bedding and bedding.
동서양을 막론하고 목화의 재배가 가능한 지역에서는 가장 보편적인 섬유로 이용되어 왔으며, 최근에는 합성섬유와 재생섬유의 발전으로 인해 비중이 다소 감소하였으나, 면섬유를 완전히 대체할 수 있는 섬유가 없기에 현재에도 널리 이용되고 있는 섬유이다.Regardless of East and West, it has been used as the most common fiber in areas where cotton can be grown. Recently, the proportion has decreased somewhat due to the development of synthetic and regenerated fibers, but it is still widely used today as there is no fiber that can completely replace cotton fiber. fiber that is being used.
이와 같은 면섬유는 목화 솜을 채취하여, 여기에 포함되어 있는 씨나 부스러기등의 잡물을 제거하고, 빗질(carding), 정섬(cleaning) 연신(drafting)등의 공정을 통해 추가적인 잡물을 제거하고 어느정도 일정한 굵기의 섬유를 제조한 뒤, 소정 길이, 굵기 및 강도를 갖도록 섬유에 적절한 꼬임을 가하여 얻어질 수 있다.Such cotton fiber is obtained by collecting cotton wool, removing impurities such as seeds and debris contained therein, removing additional impurities through processes such as carding, cleaning, and drafting, and obtaining a certain thickness. It can be obtained by preparing a fiber of, and applying appropriate twist to the fiber to have a predetermined length, thickness and strength.
이러한 방적 공정을 거치는 동안 솜 찌꺼기, 단섬유, 씨, 기타 부스러기들이 포함된 폐 목화섬유가 다량 발생하게 되는데, 이렇게 발생된 폐 목화섬유는 재활용이 불가능하기 때문에 전량 소각되어 폐기되고 있다.During this spinning process, a large amount of waste cotton fiber containing cotton dregs, short fibers, seeds, and other debris is generated. Since the waste cotton fiber generated in this way cannot be recycled, the entire amount is incinerated and discarded.
뿐만 아니라, 목화솜을 이용하여 면화 제품, 예를 들어 면 부직포, 면필터, 생리대, 침구나 옷감 충전재용 솜 등을 제조하는 공정에서 발생하는 솜 부산물의 경우에도 재활용이 불가능하여, 매년 대량의 폐 목화섬유가 소각 폐기되고 있기 때문에, 이를 재활용할 수 있는 기술의 개발이 필요하다.In addition, cotton by-products generated in the process of manufacturing cotton products using cotton, such as cotton non-woven fabrics, cotton filters, sanitary napkins, bedding or cotton for filling materials, cannot be recycled, resulting in a large amount of waste every year. Since cotton fiber is incinerated and discarded, it is necessary to develop a technology that can recycle it.
본 발명에서는 기존의 방적 공정이나 면화 제품 제조 공정에서 발생하는 폐 목화섬유를 재활용하여 연료화할 수 있는 방법을 제공하고자 한다.In the present invention, it is intended to provide a method for recycling and converting waste cotton fibers generated in an existing spinning process or a cotton product manufacturing process into fuel.
상술한 바와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 일 실시 형태는, 폐 목화섬유를 건조한 뒤 분쇄하여 목화섬유 분말을 제조하는 분말 혼합물 제조 단계; 상기 목화섬유 분말과 폐유를 혼합하여 원료 슬러지를 제조하는 원료 슬러지 제조 단계; 폐 목화섬유와 원료 슬러지를 혼합하여 원료 혼합물을 제조하는 원료 혼합물 제조 단계; 및 상기 원료 혼합물을 소정 형상으로 성형한 뒤 건조하여 고체연료를 제조하는 성형 단계;를 포함하는, 폐 목화섬유를 이용한 고체연료의 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.One embodiment of the present invention for achieving the object as described above, the powder mixture preparation step of preparing a cotton fiber powder by drying and pulverizing the waste cotton fiber; Raw material sludge production step of preparing raw material sludge by mixing the cotton fiber powder and waste oil; A raw material mixture preparation step of preparing a raw material mixture by mixing waste cotton fiber and raw material sludge; And a molding step of forming the raw material mixture into a predetermined shape and then drying it to produce a solid fuel; it relates to a method for producing a solid fuel using waste cotton fibers, including.
상기 원료 슬러지 제조 단계에서, 활성탄분 및 첨가제가 추가로 더 혼합될 수 있다.In the step of preparing the raw material sludge, activated carbon powder and additives may be further mixed.
상기 성형 단계 이후에, 고체연료 표면에 폐유를 분무한 뒤 건조하는 후가공 단계;가 수행될 수 있다.After the molding step, a post-processing step of spraying waste oil on the surface of the solid fuel and drying it; may be performed.
상기 후가공 단계에서 고체연료 표면에 분무되는 폐유는 활성탄분을 더 포함할 수 있다. Waste oil sprayed on the surface of the solid fuel in the post-processing step may further include activated carbon.
상기 원료 혼합물 제조 단계는, 폐 목화섬유에 물을 분사하는 제1 단계; 제1 단계를 거친 폐 목화섬유와 원료 슬러지를 혼합하는 제2 단계; 및 제2 단계를 거친 혼합물을 소정 시간 숙성하는 제3 단계;를 포함할 수 있다.The step of preparing the raw material mixture may include a first step of spraying water on waste cotton fibers; A second step of mixing the waste cotton fiber that has passed through the first step with the raw material sludge; and a third step of aging the mixture that has passed through the second step for a predetermined period of time.
상기 원료 혼합물은, 폐 목화섬유와 원료 슬러지가 1 : 3~8의 중량비로 포함될 수 있다.The raw material mixture may include waste cotton fiber and raw material sludge in a weight ratio of 1:3 to 8.
본 발명의 다른 실시 형태는, 본 발명의 일 실시 형태에 따른 방법으로 제조된 폐 목화섬유가 포함된 고체연료.에 관한 것이다.Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a solid fuel containing waste cotton fibers produced by the method according to one embodiment of the present invention.
본 발명의 폐 목화섬유를 이용한 고체연료의 제조방법 및 이에 따라 제조된 폐 목화섬유가 포함된 고체섬유는 기존에 폐기되던 폐 목화섬유를 재활용하여 연료화할 수 있는 장점이 있다.The method of manufacturing solid fuel using waste cotton fibers of the present invention and the solid fibers containing waste cotton fibers produced according to the method have the advantage of being able to recycle waste cotton fibers that have been previously discarded and turn them into fuel.
도 1 내지 도 3은 각각 폐 목화섬유의 일종인 파사, 낙물 및 풍면의 사진이다.
도 4의 (a) 내지 (c)는 폐 목화섬유의 일종인 타공 셀비지의 사진이다.1 to 3 are photographs of pasa, fallen water, and wind noodles, which are types of waste cotton fibers, respectively.
4 (a) to (c) are photographs of perforated selvedge, which is a kind of waste cotton fiber.
이하 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 통해 상세히 설명하기에 앞서, 본 명세서 및 청구범위에 사용된 용어나 단어는 통상적이거나 사전적인 의미로 한정하여 해석되어서는 아니 되며, 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 부합하는 의미와 개념으로 해석되어야 함을 밝혀둔다.Prior to a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention below, the terms or words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to conventional or dictionary meanings, and meanings consistent with the technical spirit of the present invention. and should be interpreted as a concept.
본 명세서 전체에서, 어떤 부분이 어떤 구성요소를 “포함” 한다고 할 때, 이는 특별히 반대되는 기재가 없는 한 다른 구성요소를 제외하는 것이 아니라 다른 구성 요소를 더 포함할 수 있는 것을 의미한다.Throughout this specification, when a certain component is said to "include", it means that it may further include other components without excluding other components unless otherwise stated.
본 명세서 전체에서, 특정 물질의 농도를 나타내기 위하여 사용되는 “%”는 별도의 언급이 없는 경우, 고체/고체는 (중량/중량)%, 고체/액체는 (중량/부피)%, 그리고 액체/액체는 (부피/부피)% 를 의미한다.Throughout this specification, “%” used to indicate the concentration of a specific substance is (weight/weight)% for solid/solid, (weight/volume)% for solid/liquid, and liquid (weight/volume)%, unless otherwise specified. /liquid means (volume/volume)%.
이하에서는, 본 발명의 실시예를 살펴본다. 그러나 본 발명의 범주가 이하의 바람직한 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 당업자라면 본 발명의 권리범위 내에서 본 명세서에 기재된 내용의 여러 가지 변형된 형태를 실시할 수 있다.Hereinafter, look at an embodiment of the present invention. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art can implement various modified forms of the contents described herein within the scope of the present invention.
본 발명은 방적 공정이나 면화 제품 제조 공정에서 발생하는 폐 목화섬유를 재활용하여, 가정용, 기업용, 공장용, 발전소용 등으로 사용될 수 있는 친환경적이고 경제적인 고체연료의 제조방법 및 이에 따라 제조된 고체연료에 관한 것이다.The present invention recycles waste cotton fibers generated in a spinning process or a cotton product manufacturing process, and a method for producing an eco-friendly and economical solid fuel that can be used for home, business, factory, power plant, etc., and the solid fuel produced thereby It is about.
상기 폐 목화섬유는 목화솜에서 실을 뽑아내는 공정인 방적 공정에서 발생하는 폐기물과 면화 제품을 제조하는 공정, 예를 들어 면 부직포, 면필터, 면생리대, 각종 충전재용 솜을 제조하는 공정에서 발생하는 목화솜 찌꺼기, 즉 솜 부산물 등 목화솜을 가공하여 제품을 제조하는 공정에서 발생하는 각종 부산물을 포함할 수 있다.The waste cotton fiber is a waste generated in the spinning process, which is a process of extracting yarn from cotton wool, and a process of manufacturing cotton products, such as cotton nonwoven fabrics, cotton filters, cotton sanitary napkins, and various fillers. It may include various by-products generated in the process of manufacturing products by processing cotton, such as cotton dregs, that is, cotton by-products.
상기 폐 목화섬유는 솜 찌꺼기, 목화씨, 목화잎 부스러기 등을 포함하는 기타 부스러기와 단섬유 등을 포함할 수 있으며, 좀 더 구체적으로, 파사, 낙물, 풍면, 타공셀비지 등을 포함한다.The waste cotton fiber may include other debris and short fibers including cotton dregs, cotton seeds, cotton leaf shavings, and the like, and more specifically, include pasa, fallen water, wind noodles, perforated selvage, and the like.
상기 파사는, 방적공장에서 실로 생산되었지만 양품이 아닌 버려지는 yarn waste를 말하고, 낙물은 방적공장에서 실로 생산되지 못하고 버려지는 면 원료 중 단섬유, Trash, dust, 면깍지 등이 포함된 Cotton waste를 의미한다.The above Pasa refers to yarn waste that is produced as yarn at the spinning mill but is not good quality and is discarded. it means.
또한, 풍면은 방적공장에서 실로 생산되지 못하고 버려지는 면 원료 중 단섬유, Trash, dust, 면깍지 등이 가장 많이 포함된 Cotton waste를 말하며, 타공셀비지는 면관련 부직포로 생산하는 제품 중 타공(Punching)후에 남는 셀비지(selvage)를 의미하며, 특별한 다른 용도가 없어 앞서 설명한 파사, 낙물 및 풍면 등과 마찬가지로 대부분 버려진다.In addition, Pungmyeon refers to cotton waste that contains the largest amount of short fibers, trash, dust, and cotton hulls among cotton raw materials that are discarded without being produced as yarn in spinning mills. ), it means the selvage left after, and since it has no other special purpose, it is mostly discarded like Pasa, Nakmul, and Pungmyeon described above.
도 1 내지 도 3은 각각 파사, 낙물 및 풍면의 사진이며, 도 4의 (a) 내지 (c)에는 여러 종류의 타공 셀비지 사진들이 제시되어 있다.1 to 3 are pictures of pasa, nakmul, and pungmyeon, respectively, and in FIG. 4 (a) to (c), several types of perforated selvage pictures are presented.
이러한 폐 목화섬유는 재활용이 불가능하기 때문에 일반적으로 소각 등의 방법을 통해 전량 폐기되었으나, 본 발명에서는 이를 재활용하여 고체연료를 제조함으로써 폐기에 필요한 비용을 절감하고, 가정이나 다양한 산업군에서 사용할 수 있는 고체연료로 재활용하고자 한다.Since these waste cotton fibers cannot be recycled, they are generally discarded through methods such as incineration. to be recycled as fuel.
먼저, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐 목화섬유를 이용한 고체연료의 제조방법은, 폐 목화섬유를 건조한 뒤 분쇄하여 목화섬유 분말을 제조하는 분말 혼합물 제조 단계; 상기 목화섬유 분말과 폐유를 혼합하여 원료 슬러지를 제조하는 원료 슬러지 제조 단계; 폐 목화섬유와 원료 슬러지를 혼합하여 원료 혼합물을 제조하는 원료 혼합물 제조 단계; 및 상기 원료 혼합물을 소정 형상으로 성형한 뒤 건조하여 고체연료를 제조하는 성형 단계;를 포함한다.First, the method for producing solid fuel using waste cotton fibers according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of preparing a powder mixture by drying and then pulverizing waste cotton fibers to produce cotton fiber powder; Raw material sludge production step of preparing raw material sludge by mixing the cotton fiber powder and waste oil; A raw material mixture preparation step of preparing a raw material mixture by mixing waste cotton fiber and raw material sludge; And a molding step of forming the raw material mixture into a predetermined shape and then drying it to produce a solid fuel.
상기 분말 혼합물 제조 단계는 폐 목화섬유를 건조한 뒤 분쇄하여 목화섬유 분말을 제조하는 단계이다.The powder mixture preparation step is a step of preparing cotton fiber powder by drying and pulverizing waste cotton fibers.
이 단계에서는 폐 목화섬유의 일부를 건조한 뒤 분쇄하여 목화섬유를 분말 형태로 제조함으로써, 고체연료의 발열량을 높이고, 성형시 소정 형태를 유지할 수 있도록 분말 형태의 목화섬유를 제조하는 단계로, 이 단계는 폐 목화섬유 건조 단계 및 분쇄 단계의 두 단계로 나뉘어 수행될 수 있다. In this step, a part of the waste cotton fiber is dried and then pulverized to prepare the cotton fiber in the form of powder, thereby increasing the calorific value of the solid fuel and preparing the cotton fiber in the form of powder to maintain a predetermined shape during molding. It can be carried out by dividing the waste cotton fiber into two steps: a drying step and a crushing step.
건조 단계는 분쇄 단계에서 분쇄하기 용이하도록 수행되는 단계로, 폐 목화섬유의 함수율이 15 % 미만이 되도록 자연 건조, 열풍 건조, 냉풍 건조 등의 다양한 건조 방식을 이용하여 수행될 수 있으며, 바람직하게는 폐 목화섬유의 손상이나 부패를 방지하고 빠른 건조를 위해 열풍 건조 방식이 이용될 수 있다.The drying step is performed to facilitate pulverization in the pulverization step, and may be performed using various drying methods such as natural drying, hot air drying, and cold air drying so that the moisture content of the waste cotton fiber is less than 15%, preferably. A hot air drying method can be used to prevent damage or decay of waste cotton fibers and to quickly dry them.
분쇄 단계는 건조된 목화섬유를 분쇄하여 분말상으로 제조하는 단계로, 분쇄기를 이용하여 수행될 수 있으며, 평균 입자크기가 80~200㎛가 되도록 분쇄하는 것이 바람직하다. 특히 평균 입자크기가 80㎛ 미만인 경우에는 원료 슬러지와의 혼합성이 떨어져, 분말 입자들이 원료 슬러지 내에 균일하게 혼합되지 않고 서로 응집되는 문제가 발생하고, 평균 입자크기가 200㎛를 초과하는 경우에는 고체연료의 발열 특성을 저하시키는 문제가 있으므로, 상술한 범위 내의 평균 입자크기를 갖도록 분쇄하는 것이 바람직하다.The crushing step is a step of pulverizing the dried cotton fibers to prepare them in a powder form, which may be performed using a pulverizer, and is preferably pulverized to an average particle size of 80 to 200 μm. In particular, when the average particle size is less than 80㎛, mixing with the raw material sludge is poor, and powder particles do not mix uniformly in the raw material sludge and agglomerate with each other, and when the average particle size exceeds 200㎛, solid Since there is a problem of lowering the exothermic characteristics of the fuel, it is preferable to pulverize the fuel to have an average particle size within the above range.
상기 원료 슬러지 제조 단계는, 목화섬유 분말과 폐유를 혼합하여 원료 슬러지를 제조하는 단계이다. 이와 같이 각 원료들이 혼합되어 슬러지 형태로 얻어지므로, 틀을 이용하여 성형하면 원하는 크기 및 형태의 고체연료를 제조할 수 있다.The raw material sludge production step is a step of preparing raw material sludge by mixing cotton fiber powder and waste oil. In this way, since each raw material is mixed and obtained in the form of sludge, solid fuel having a desired size and shape can be produced by molding using a mold.
이 단계에서 사용되는 목화섬유 분말은 앞서 제조된 목화섬유 분말일 수 있다.The cotton fiber powder used in this step may be previously prepared cotton fiber powder.
상기 폐유는 가정이나 각종 산업군에서 발생되는 폐식용유로, 종래에는 폐식용유의 극히 소량만을 재활용하여 재활용비누를 제조하는 데 사용했을 뿐, 대부분의 폐식용유는 투기, 소각, 매립을 통해 처리하였으나, 본 발명에서는 이를 재활용하여 고체연료로 사용하고자 한다.The waste oil is waste cooking oil generated at home or in various industries. Conventionally, only a small amount of waste cooking oil was recycled and used to manufacture recycled soap. Most of the waste cooking oil was treated through dumping, incineration, and landfill. In the invention, it is intended to be recycled and used as a solid fuel.
폐유는 고체연료의 발열량을 증가시키기 위해 첨가되며, 폐유가 첨가됨에 따라 본 단계에서 제조되는 혼합물이 슬러지의 형태를 나타내 성형성을 향상시키는 데에도 기여한다. Waste oil is added to increase the calorific value of the solid fuel, and as the waste oil is added, the mixture prepared in this step takes the form of sludge, which also contributes to improving formability.
폐유는 목화섬유 분말 100 중량부에 대하여 40 중량부 이상 첨가될 때 성형성 확보 및 발열량 향상 효과가 극대화되며, 60 중량부를 초과하는 경우에는 슬러지의 흐름성이 과도하게 증가하여 소정 형태로 형성한 뒤 그 형태가 고정되지 않는 문제가 발생할 수 있어, 60 중량부 이하로 첨가되는 것이 바람직하다.When waste oil is added in an amount of 40 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of cotton fiber powder, the effect of securing moldability and improving calorific value is maximized. A problem that the shape is not fixed may occur, so it is preferably added in an amount of 60 parts by weight or less.
이 단계에서 바람직하게는 결속제, 활성탄분 및 첨가제가 추가로 더 함께 혼합되어 원료 슬러지가 제조될 수 있다.In this step, the binder, activated carbon powder, and additives are preferably further mixed together to produce raw material sludge.
구체적으로, 목화섬유 분말 100 중량부에 대하여, 폐유 40~60 중량부, 결속제 5~15 중량부, 활성탄분 5~12 중량부 및 첨가제 3~8 중량부가 혼합될 수 있다. Specifically, 40 to 60 parts by weight of waste oil, 5 to 15 parts by weight of a binder, 5 to 12 parts by weight of activated carbon and 3 to 8 parts by weight of additives may be mixed with respect to 100 parts by weight of cotton fiber powder.
결속제는 원료 슬러지 내에 포함되어 있는 미량의 수분을 흡수하여 실질적으로 발열량 향상에 영향을 주는 성분들의 발열 효율을 높이며, 수분을 흡수하면 점도가 향상되어 고체연료의 형태를 유지시키는 기능을 하는 것으로, 알긴산염, 구아검 등과 같은 다당류가 사용될 수 있으며, 바람직하게는 알긴산염이 사용될 수 있고, 알긴산염으로는 알긴산나트륨, 알긴산칼륨 등이 사용될 수 있다.The binding agent absorbs a small amount of moisture contained in the raw material sludge to substantially increase the heating efficiency of components that affect the calorific value, and when moisture is absorbed, the viscosity is improved to maintain the shape of the solid fuel. Polysaccharides such as alginate, guar gum, etc. may be used, preferably, alginate may be used, and sodium alginate, potassium alginate, or the like may be used as the alginate.
이 단계에서 평균 입자크기 50~150㎛의 결속제 분말이 사용되는데, 이는 결속제가 원료 슬러지 내에 균일하게 분산되어 전체 영역에서 균일하게 수분을 흡수하고, 전체 영역에서 일정하게 점도가 향상되도록 하여, 고체연료의 형태를 보다 안정적으로 고정시키기 위함이다.In this step, binder powder having an average particle size of 50 to 150 μm is used, which allows the binder to be uniformly dispersed in the raw material sludge, absorbs moisture uniformly in the entire area, and constantly improves the viscosity in the entire area, so that the solid This is to more stably fix the shape of the fuel.
결속제는 목화섬유 분말 100 중량부에 대하여 5~15 중량부로 포함될 수 있으며, 5 중량부 미만으로 포함되는 경우에는 충분한 점도 향상이 이루어지지 않아 고체연료의 형태 유지가 어려운 문제가 있고, 15 중량부를 초과하는 경우에는 점도의 과도한 증가로 인해 성형이 곤란하거나, 고체연료 개체들이 서로 달라붙어 취급이 곤란해지는 문제가 발생할 수 있다.The binding agent may be included in 5 to 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the cotton fiber powder, and when it is included in less than 5 parts by weight, there is a problem in maintaining the shape of the solid fuel because sufficient viscosity improvement is not achieved, and 15 parts by weight If it is exceeded, molding may be difficult due to an excessive increase in viscosity, or solid fuel objects may stick to each other and make handling difficult.
활성탄은 숯을 가스 또는 약품으로 활성화시킨 다공성 탄소로, 보다 상세하게는, 식물, 석탄, 석유 등의 탄소질을 원료로 하여 약 500~700 ℃의 온도로 탄화시키고, 약 900 ℃ 온도에서의 활성화 과정을 통해 분자 크기 정도의 미세세공(미세공, 중간세공, 대세공)을 발달시킨 재료로서 1 g당 1,000 m2 이상의 큰 내부 표면적을 갖는다.Activated carbon is porous carbon obtained by activating charcoal with gas or chemicals. More specifically, carbonaceous materials such as plants, coal, and petroleum are carbonized at a temperature of about 500 to 700 ° C, and activated at a temperature of about 900 ° C. It is a material that has developed micropores (micropores, mesopores, and macropores) of molecular size through a process and has a large internal surface area of 1,000 m 2 or more per 1g.
활성탄을 제조하기 위해 사용되는 원료로는 야자각, 목재, 톱밥, 목탄 등의 식물, 유연탄, 무연탄, 갈탄, 이탄 등이 석탄, 석유잔사, 황산슬러지, 오일카본 등의 석유 등이 사용될 수 있고, 본 발명에 사용되는 활성탄의 원료는 특별히 제한되진 않으나 바람직하게는 식물성 원료일 수 있다.As raw materials used to manufacture activated carbon, plants such as palm kernels, wood, sawdust, charcoal, bituminous coal, anthracite, lignite, peat, etc., petroleum such as petroleum residue, sulfuric acid sludge, oil carbon, etc. can be used, The raw material of the activated carbon used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but may be preferably a vegetable raw material.
활성탄은 표면적이 넓어 초기 순간 점화력을 향상시키는 기능을 하며, 본 발명에서는 이를 분쇄하여 얻어진 활성탄분을 사용하여 고체연료 전체 영역에서의 균일한 점화력을 확보할 수 있다.Activated carbon has a large surface area and functions to improve initial instantaneous ignition power, and in the present invention, it is possible to secure uniform ignition power over the entire area of the solid fuel by using activated carbon powder obtained by pulverizing the activated carbon.
본 발명에서 사용되는 활성탄은 탄소질 원료를 탄화 및 활성화시켜 얻어진 신규 활성탄일 수 있고, 또는 수처리장이나 정수기, 공기정화기에 사용된 후 폐기처리되는 폐활성탄일수도 있으며, 이들 모두를 포함할수도 있다. 특히, 폐활성탄을 사용하는 경우에는 폐기처리에 사용되는 비용을 절약하는 동시에, 폐활성탄 표면에 흡착되어있는 유기물, 무기물에 의해 고체연료의 발열량이 향상되는 효과도 얻을 수 있다.The activated carbon used in the present invention may be a new activated carbon obtained by carbonizing and activating a carbonaceous raw material, or may be waste activated carbon that is disposed of after being used in a water treatment plant, water purifier, or air purifier, or may include all of them. . In particular, in the case of using spent activated carbon, it is possible to save costs for waste treatment and at the same time to obtain an effect of improving the calorific value of the solid fuel due to organic and inorganic substances adsorbed on the surface of the spent activated carbon.
본 발명에서는 상술한 활성탄을 평균 입자크기 80~300㎛로 분쇄시킨 활성탄분을 사용한다.In the present invention, activated carbon powder obtained by pulverizing the above-described activated carbon to an average particle size of 80 to 300 μm is used.
활성탄분은 목화섬유 분말 100 중량부에 대하여 5~12 중량부로 포함될 수 있는데, 5 중량부 미만으로 포함되는 경우에는 활성탄분에 의한 초기 점화력 향상 효과가 충분하지 않고, 12 중량부를 초과하는 경우에는 순간 점화력이 과도하게 높아, 연소기의 안정성 및 안전성을 확보하기 어려우므로, 상술한 중량 범위 내에서 포함되는 것이 바람직하다.Activated carbon may be included in 5 to 12 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of cotton fiber powder. Since the instantaneous ignition power is excessively high, it is difficult to secure the stability and safety of the combustor, it is preferable to be included within the above-mentioned weight range.
상기 첨가제는 제조 과정에서 각 재료들의 혼합성을 향상시키거나, 고체연료의 물성을 향상시키기 위해 첨가되는 성분으로, 첨가제로 유화제나 접착강화제가 사용될 수 있다.The additive is a component added to improve the mixing of each material during the manufacturing process or to improve the physical properties of the solid fuel, and an emulsifier or an adhesion enhancer may be used as an additive.
첨가제는 목화섬유 분말 100 중량부에 대하여 3~8 중량부로 포함될 수 있으며, 3 중량부 미만으로 포함되는 경우에는 첨가제에 의한 작업성 및 물성 개선 효과가 미미하고, 8 중량부를 초과하는 경우에는 첨가제에 의해 작업성이 오히려 저하되거나, 발열량이나 물성이 불량해지는 등의 문제가 발생할 수 있으므로 상술한 중량 범위 내에서 포함되는 것이 바람직하다.Additives may be included in 3 to 8 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of cotton fiber powder. It is preferable to be included within the above-mentioned weight range because workability may rather deteriorate or problems such as calorific value or physical properties may be deteriorated.
첨가제로 포함되는 유화제는 유상 재료와 수상 재료를 균일하게 혼합하기 위해 첨가되는 성분으로, 특히 수분을 유상 재료 내에 균일하게 분산시켜 결속제가 전체 영역에서 균일한 점성을 발현하도록 돕는다. 이러한 유화제로 통상적으로 사용되는 다양한 종류의 계면활성제가 사용될 수 있으나, 바람직하게는 레시틴이 사용될 수 있다. 레시틴은 자연에서 발견되는 천연 성분으로 인체에 무해하고, 접착강화제와 함께 사용될 경우, 고체연료에서 발생되는 미세분이 저감되고, 밀도가 더욱 향상되며 이에 따라 고체연료의 내구성이 향상되는 효과를 얻을 수 있다.An emulsifier included as an additive is a component added to uniformly mix the oil phase material and the water phase material, and in particular helps the binder to express uniform viscosity over the entire area by uniformly dispersing moisture in the oil phase material. Various types of commonly used surfactants may be used as these emulsifiers, but lecithin may be preferably used. Lecithin is a natural component found in nature, harmless to the human body, and when used together with an adhesion enhancer, fine particles generated from solid fuel are reduced, density is further improved, and thus the durability of solid fuel is improved. .
첨가제로 포함되는 접착강화제는 유화제에 의해 원료 슬러지 내에 균일하게 분산되며, 수분을 강력하게 붙잡아두는 역할을 함으로써 결속제의 수화를 보다 효과적으로 이루어지게 한다. 접착강화제로는 트레할로스가 사용될 수 있으며, 접착강화제가 사용됨에 따라 결과적으로 고체연료 내부의 각 원료 성분들을 강력하고 안정적으로 결합시켜 고체연료의 밀도 향상, 내구성 향상, 미분 저감 등의 효과를 얻을 수 있다.The adhesion enhancer included as an additive is uniformly dispersed in the raw material sludge by an emulsifier and serves to hold moisture strongly, thereby making the hydration of the binder more effective. Trehalose can be used as an adhesion enhancer, and as a result, as the adhesion enhancer is used, each raw material component inside the solid fuel is strongly and stably bound to improve the density of the solid fuel, improve durability, and reduce fine powder. .
첨가제로 바람직하게는 유화제와 접착강화제가 1 : 1~3의 중량비로 함께 첨가되는 것이 바람직하며, 이러한 중량비를 만족할 때 고체연료의 물성이 현저히 향상되는 효과가 얻어질 수 있다.As an additive, preferably, the emulsifier and the adhesion enhancer are added together in a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 3, and when this weight ratio is satisfied, the effect of significantly improving the physical properties of the solid fuel can be obtained.
상기 원료 혼합물 제조 단계는 폐 목화섬유와 원료 슬러지를 혼합하여 원료 혼합물을 제조하는 단계이다.The raw material mixture preparation step is a step of preparing a raw material mixture by mixing waste cotton fiber and raw material sludge.
앞서 설명한 바와 같이 폐 목화섬유의 일부는 분말화되어 원료 슬러지 제조에 사용되고 나머지 일부는 본 단계인 원료 혼합물 제조에 사용된다. 본 단계에서 사용되는 목화섬유에는 섬유 형태가 유지된 솜이나 면실등이 포함되어 있는데, 이러한 섬유가 그물과 같이 기능하여 원료 혼합물을 고체연료 형태로 성형할 때 소정 형상으로 고정하여 형태를 유지하는 데 도움을 준다.As described above, some of the waste cotton fiber is powdered and used to prepare raw material sludge, and the remaining part is used to prepare raw material mixture, which is the present stage. The cotton fiber used in this step includes cotton or cotton thread, etc., in which the fiber shape is maintained. These fibers function like a net to fix and maintain the shape when forming the raw material mixture into a solid fuel form. Help.
원료 혼합물 제조 단계는 세 개의 단계로 나뉘어서 수행된다. 구체적으로, 폐 목화섬유에 물을 분사하는 제1 단계; 제1 단계를 거친 폐 목화섬유와 원료 슬러지를 혼합하는 제2 단계; 및 제2 단계를 거친 혼합물을 소정 시간 숙성하는 제3 단계;를 포함한다.The step of preparing the raw material mixture is divided into three steps. Specifically, the first step of spraying water on the waste cotton fibers; A second step of mixing the waste cotton fiber that has passed through the first step with the raw material sludge; and a third step of aging the mixture that has passed through the second step for a predetermined period of time.
먼저, 제1 단계는 폐 목화섬유에 물을 분사하는 단계로, 이 단계에서 폐 목화섬유에 분사된 물은 2 단계에서 혼합되는 원료 슬러지 내의 결속제에 흡수되어 결속제의 점도를 향상시킨다. First, the first step is a step of spraying water on the waste cotton fiber. In this step, the water sprayed on the waste cotton fiber is absorbed into the binder in the raw material sludge mixed in the second step to improve the viscosity of the binder.
다음으로, 제2 단계는 제1 단계를 거친 폐 목화섬유와 원료 슬러지를 혼합하는 단계이다.Next, the second step is a step of mixing the waste cotton fiber that has passed through the first step and the raw material sludge.
원료 슬러지 제조시 물을 혼합하여 미리 결속제를 수화시키면, 원료 슬러지 자체의 점도가 과도하게 증가하여 폐 목화섬유와의 혼합이 곤란하므로, 결속제의 점도 향상을 위한 수분은 폐 목화섬유와 원료 슬러지를 혼합하는 본 단계에서 공급되는 것이 바람직하다.If the binder is hydrated in advance by mixing water during raw material sludge production, the viscosity of the raw material sludge itself increases excessively, making it difficult to mix with waste cotton fibers. It is preferably supplied in this step of mixing.
특히, 폐 목화섬유 표면에 수분층을 형성한 뒤 원료 슬러지와 혼합하면, 폐 목화섬유와 원료슬러지 경계에 위치한 결속제가 수화되며 빠르게 점도가 향상되므로, 폐 목화섬유와 원료슬러지 사이의 결합력을 더욱 향상시킬 수 있는 장점이 있다.In particular, when a water layer is formed on the surface of the waste cotton fiber and then mixed with the raw material sludge, the binding agent located at the boundary between the waste cotton fiber and the raw material sludge is hydrated and the viscosity is rapidly improved, further improving the binding force between the waste cotton fiber and the raw material sludge. There are advantages to being able to
이 단계에서 폐 목화섬유와 원료 슬러지는 1 : 3~8의 중량비로 혼합될 수 있는데, 원료 슬러지의 함량이 상기 중량 범위를 벗어나는 경우에는 폐 목화섬유로 인한 형태 고정력이 약하거나, 과도한 폐 목화섬유 함량으로 인한 발열 안정성 저하와 같은 문제가 발생할 수 있으므로, 상술한 중량 범위 내에서 혼합되는 것이 바람직하다.In this step, the waste cotton fiber and the raw material sludge may be mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 3 to 8. If the content of the raw material sludge is out of the above weight range, the shape fixing power due to the waste cotton fiber is weak or excessive waste cotton fiber Since problems such as deterioration in exothermic stability due to the content may occur, it is preferable to mix within the above-mentioned weight range.
제3 단계는 폐 목화섬유와 원료 슬러지의 혼합물을 소정 시간 숙성하는 단계로, 이 단계를 통해 결속제가 수분을 흡수하여 점성이 형성되며 원료 혼합물의 점도가 향상된다. 이 단계는 상온에서 수행될 수 있으며, 성형성 및 가공성을 확보하기 위한 적절한 점도를 형성하기 위해 10~30분 내로 수행되는 것이 바람직하다.The third step is a step of aging the mixture of waste cotton fiber and raw material sludge for a predetermined time. Through this step, the binder absorbs moisture to form viscosity and improve the viscosity of the raw material mixture. This step may be performed at room temperature, and is preferably performed within 10 to 30 minutes to form an appropriate viscosity for securing moldability and processability.
상기 성형 단계는 원료 혼합물을 소정 형상으로 성형한 뒤 건조하여 고체연료를 제조하는 단계이다.The molding step is a step of preparing a solid fuel by molding the raw material mixture into a predetermined shape and then drying it.
이 단계에서 소정 형태로의 성형은 원료 혼합물을 성형기 프레스로 찍어내거나, 원료 혼합물을 틀에 넣는 뒤 건조하여 수행될 수 있다. 건조 방식은 자연 건조, 열풍 건조, 냉풍 건조 등 다양한 건조 방식이 적용될 수 있다.In this step, molding into a predetermined shape may be performed by stamping the raw material mixture with a molding machine press or by putting the raw material mixture into a mold and then drying it. As the drying method, various drying methods such as natural drying, hot air drying, and cold air drying may be applied.
한편, 상기 성형 단계 이후에, 고체연료 표면에 폐유를 분무한 뒤 건조하는 후가공 단계가 수행될 수 있다.On the other hand, after the molding step, a post-processing step of drying after spraying waste oil on the surface of the solid fuel may be performed.
이 단계를 통해 고체연료 표면에 폐유층이 형성되어, 초기 발열량이 향상될 수 있다. 이 단계에서도 앞의 단계와 동일한 건조 방식이 적용될 수 있다.Through this step, a waste oil layer is formed on the surface of the solid fuel, and the initial calorific value can be improved. In this step, the same drying method as in the previous step may be applied.
이때, 바람직하게는 고체연료 표면에 분사되는 폐유에 활성탄분이 포함될 수 있다. 여기에 포함되는 활성탄분은 상술한 원료 슬러지 제조 단계에서 포함되는 활성탄분과 동일하며, 폐유 100 중량부에 대하여 활성탄분 5~15 중량부가 포함될 수 있다. 이와 같이 고체연료 표면에 분사되는 폐유에 활성탄분이 포함되는 경우에는, 폐유층에 활성탄분이 존재하여 고체연료의 초기 착화력이 향상될 수 있다.At this time, preferably, activated carbon may be included in the waste oil sprayed on the surface of the solid fuel. The activated carbon powder contained herein is the same as the activated carbon powder included in the above-described raw material sludge production step, and may include 5 to 15 parts by weight of activated carbon powder based on 100 parts by weight of waste oil. In this way, when the waste oil sprayed onto the surface of the solid fuel contains activated carbon, the presence of activated carbon in the waste oil layer can improve the initial ignition power of the solid fuel.
본 발명은 상술한 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 폐 목화섬유를 이용한 고체연료의 제조 방법에 따라 얻어진 폐 목화섬유가 포함된 고체연료를 포함한다. 폐 목화섬유가 포함된 고체연료는 기존에 폐기되던 폐 목화섬유를 포함함으로써, 폐기처리되는 비용을 절감하고, 환경에 기여할 수 있는 장점이 있다.The present invention includes solid fuel containing waste cotton fibers obtained according to the method for manufacturing solid fuel using waste cotton fibers according to an embodiment of the present invention described above. The solid fuel containing waste cotton fibers has the advantage of reducing waste disposal costs and contributing to the environment by including waste cotton fibers that have been previously discarded.
이하, 본 발명의 일 실시예를 통해 본 발명의 구체적인 작용과 효과를 설명하고자 한다. 다만, 이는 본 발명의 바람직한 예시로서 제시된 것으로, 실시예에 따라 본 발명의 권리범위가 한정되는 것은 아니다. Hereinafter, specific actions and effects of the present invention will be described through an embodiment of the present invention. However, this is presented as a preferred example of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited according to the examples.
[제조예][Production Example]
실시예 1Example 1
먼저, 방적 공정에서 발생하는 목화 폐기물과 목화솜 제조 공장에서 발생하는 목화솜 폐기물을 수거하여 폐 목화섬유를 준비하였다.First, waste cotton fibers were prepared by collecting cotton waste generated in the spinning process and cotton waste generated in a cotton manufacturing plant.
준비된 폐 목화섬유의 일부는 함수율이 약 13%가 되도록 열풍 건조한 뒤, 분쇄기를 이용해 평균 입자크기가 약 130㎛가 되도록 분쇄하여 목화섬유 분말을 제조하였다.Some of the prepared waste cotton fibers were dried with hot air to have a moisture content of about 13%, and then pulverized using a grinder to have an average particle size of about 130 μm to prepare cotton fiber powder.
앞서 제조한 목화섬유 분말 100 중량부, 폐식용유 45 중량부, 결속제인 알긴산염(평균 입자크기 100㎛) 11 중량부, 활성탄분(평균 입자크기 120㎛) 8 중량부 및 첨가제 6 중량부를 균일하게 혼합하여 원료 슬러지를 제조하였다. 첨가제로는 유화제인 레시틴 2 중량부와 접착강화제인 트레할로스가 4 중량부로 사용되었다.100 parts by weight of the previously prepared cotton fiber powder, 45 parts by weight of waste cooking oil, 11 parts by weight of alginate (average particle size 100㎛) as a binding agent, 8 parts by weight of activated carbon powder (average particle size 120㎛) and 6 parts by weight of additives uniformly Raw material sludge was prepared by mixing. As additives, 2 parts by weight of lecithin as an emulsifier and 4 parts by weight of trehalose as an adhesion reinforcing agent were used.
다음으로, 상기 폐 목화섬유의 표면에 물을 분사하고, 표면에 수분층이 형성된 폐 목화섬유와 원료 슬러지를 1 : 5의 중량비로 혼합한 뒤, 상온(24℃)에서 20분 동안 숙성시키고, 성형 프레스를 이용하여 지름 5cm, 두께 2cm의 원통 형상으로 성형한 뒤 열풍건조하여 고체연료를 제조하였다.Next, water is sprayed on the surface of the waste cotton fiber, and the waste cotton fiber having a water layer formed on the surface is mixed with the raw material sludge at a weight ratio of 1: 5, aged at room temperature (24 ° C) for 20 minutes, and molded After molding into a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 5 cm and a thickness of 2 cm using a press, solid fuel was prepared by hot air drying.
이후, 상기 고체연료 표면에 폐식용유와 활성탄분이 100 : 7의 중량비로 혼합된 폐유 혼합물을 분사한 뒤 열풍건조하여 고체연료 표면에 폐유층을 형성시킴으로써 실시예 1의 고체연료를 제조하였다.Thereafter, the solid fuel of Example 1 was prepared by spraying a waste oil mixture in which waste cooking oil and activated carbon were mixed at a weight ratio of 100: 7 on the surface of the solid fuel, followed by hot air drying to form a waste oil layer on the surface of the solid fuel.
비교예 1Comparative Example 1
폐 목화섬유의 표면에 물을 분사하지 않고 원료 슬러지와 혼합하는 점을 제외하고는 실시예 1과 동일한 방법으로 비교예 1의 고체연료를 제조하였다.The solid fuel of Comparative Example 1 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that water was not sprayed on the surface of the waste cotton fiber and mixed with the raw material sludge.
비교예 2Comparative Example 2
실시예 1과 동일한 방법으로 비교예 2의 고체연료를 제조하되, 분쇄되지 않은 폐 목화섬유를 혼합하는 단계를 생략하고, 원료슬러지에 직접 물을 혼합하였다. 즉, 실시예 1과 동일한 방법으로 제조하되, 원료슬러지에 소량의 물을 첨가하고 혼합한 뒤, 숙성시킨 조성물만으로 고체연료를 제조하였다.The solid fuel of Comparative Example 2 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but the step of mixing unpulverized waste cotton fibers was omitted, and water was directly mixed with the raw material sludge. That is, it was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but a small amount of water was added to the raw material sludge, mixed, and solid fuel was prepared only with the aged composition.
[실험예 1][Experimental Example 1]
제조예에서 제조된 실시예 1과 비교예 1 내지 비교예 3의 고체연료의 발열량, 겉보기 밀도 및 미세분 발생량에 근거한 내구성을 국립산림과학원에서 고시한 목재펠릿 품질규격 제 2009-2호의 시험방법에 따라 측정하고 그 결과를 표 1에 기재하였다.The durability based on the calorific value, apparent density and fine powder generation of the solid fuels of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 prepared in Manufacturing Example was tested according to the test method of wood pellet quality standard No. 2009-2 notified by the National Institute of Forest Science It was measured according to, and the results are listed in Table 1.
상기 표 1의 결과를 참조하면, 실시예 1의 경우 비교예들에 비해 발열량, 겉보기 밀도 및 내구성이 현저히 우수한 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서, 본 실험 결과로부터 폐 목화섬유와 폐유를 이용하여 고체연료를 제조할 때, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따라 제조하는 경우에 더욱 우수한 발열 성능 및 내구성을 확보할 수 있는 것을 알 수 있었다.Referring to the results of Table 1, in the case of Example 1, it was confirmed that the calorific value, apparent density and durability were significantly superior to those of Comparative Examples. Therefore, from the results of this experiment, it was found that when producing a solid fuel using waste cotton fiber and waste oil, better heat generation performance and durability can be secured in the case of manufacturing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[실험예 2][Experimental Example 2]
실시예 1과 동일한 방법을 이용하여 고체연료를 제조하되, 원료 슬러지 제조시 첨가되는 첨가제인 유화제와 접착강화제의 함량을 변화시켜 고체연료를 제조하고, 각 고체연료에 대하여 실험예 1과 동일한 실험을 수행한 뒤 그 결과를 표 2에 기재하였다. 표 2에서 유화제와 접착강화제는 목화섬유 분말 100 중량부에 대한 중량비를 의미한다.Solid fuel was prepared using the same method as in Example 1, but the solid fuel was prepared by changing the content of the emulsifier and the adhesion enhancer, which are additives added during the production of raw sludge, and the same experiment as Experimental Example 1 was performed for each solid fuel After performing, the results are shown in Table 2. In Table 2, the emulsifier and the adhesion enhancer refer to a weight ratio with respect to 100 parts by weight of the cotton fiber powder.
상기 표 2의 결과를 참조하면, 실시예 1 내지 실시예 3은 발열량, 겉보기밀도 및 내구성이 모두 높은 것으로 나타났으나, 비교예 3 및 비교예 4의 경우에는 실시예들에 비해 발열량이 낮을 뿐만 아니라 겉보기밀도와 내구성이 현저히 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 첨가제로 포함되는 유화제와 접착강화제의 함량 비율 때문으로, 이들이 적절한 함량비로 포함될 때 고체연료의 물리적 특성이 확보되는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서, 본 실험 결과로부터 고체연료의 발열량을 높이면서 겉보기밀도와 내구성을 확보하기 위해 유화제와 접착강화제가 1 : 1~3의 중량비로 포함되는 것이 바람직함을 확인할 수 있었다.Referring to the results of Table 2, Examples 1 to 3 were found to have high calorific value, apparent density and durability, but Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 had lower calorific value than Examples. However, it was found that the apparent density and durability were significantly lowered. This result is due to the content ratio of the emulsifier and the adhesion enhancer included as additives, and it is judged that the physical properties of the solid fuel are secured when they are included in an appropriate content ratio. Therefore, from the results of this experiment, it was confirmed that it is preferable to include the emulsifier and the adhesion enhancer in a weight ratio of 1: 1 to 3 in order to increase the calorific value of the solid fuel while securing the apparent density and durability.
본 발명은 상술한 특정의 실시예 및 설명에 한정되지 아니하며, 청구범위에서 청구하는 본 발명의 요지를 벗어남이 없이 당해 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 누구든지 다양한 변형 실시가 가능하며, 그와 같은 변형은 본 발명의 보호 범위 내에 있게 된다.The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments and descriptions described above, and various modifications can be made by anyone skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims. and such modifications are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
상기 목화섬유 분말과 폐유를 혼합하여 원료 슬러지를 제조하는 원료 슬러지 제조 단계;
폐 목화섬유와 원료 슬러지를 혼합하여 원료 혼합물을 제조하는 원료 혼합물 제조 단계; 및
상기 원료 혼합물을 소정 형상으로 성형한 뒤 건조하여 고체연료를 제조하는 성형 단계;를 포함하는, 폐 목화섬유를 이용한 고체연료의 제조 방법.A powder mixture preparation step of drying and pulverizing waste cotton fibers to prepare cotton fiber powder;
Raw material sludge production step of preparing raw material sludge by mixing the cotton fiber powder and waste oil;
A raw material mixture preparation step of preparing a raw material mixture by mixing waste cotton fiber and raw material sludge; and
A method for producing a solid fuel using waste cotton fibers, comprising: a molding step of forming the raw material mixture into a predetermined shape and then drying it to produce a solid fuel.
활성탄분 및 첨가제가 추가로 더 혼합되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폐 목화섬유를 이용한 고체연료의 제조 방법.The method of claim 1, wherein in the raw material sludge production step,
A method for producing solid fuel using waste cotton fibers, characterized in that activated carbon and additives are further mixed.
고체연료 표면에 폐유를 분무한 뒤 건조하는 후가공 단계;가 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폐 목화섬유를 이용한 고체연료의 제조 방법.The method of claim 1, after the molding step,
A post-processing step of spraying waste oil on the surface of the solid fuel and drying it; characterized in that being performed, a method for producing solid fuel using waste cotton fibers.
상기 후가공 단계에서 고체연료 표면에 분무되는 폐유는 활성탄분을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폐 목화섬유를 이용한 고체연료의 제조 방법.According to claim 3,
The waste oil sprayed on the surface of the solid fuel in the post-processing step further comprises activated carbon, a method for producing solid fuel using waste cotton fiber.
폐 목화섬유에 물을 분사하는 제1 단계;
제1 단계를 거친 폐 목화섬유와 원료 슬러지를 혼합하는 제2 단계; 및
제2 단계를 거친 혼합물을 소정 시간 숙성하는 제3 단계;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폐 목화섬유를 이용한 고체연료의 제조 방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the step of preparing the raw material mixture,
A first step of spraying water on waste cotton fibers;
A second step of mixing the waste cotton fiber that has passed through the first step with the raw material sludge; and
A method for producing solid fuel using waste cotton fibers, characterized in that it comprises a; third step of aging the mixture through the second step for a predetermined period of time.
폐 목화섬유와 원료 슬러지가 1 : 3~8의 중량비로 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폐 목화섬유를 이용한 고체연료의 제조 방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the raw material mixture,
A method for producing solid fuel using waste cotton fiber, characterized in that waste cotton fiber and raw material sludge are included in a weight ratio of 1: 3 to 8.
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| KR1020220002220A KR102640215B1 (en) | 2022-01-06 | 2022-01-06 | Manufacruting method of solid fuel including cotton ball waste and solid fuel manufactured by the same |
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| KR20230106388A true KR20230106388A (en) | 2023-07-13 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20100042318A (en) | 2008-10-16 | 2010-04-26 | 손수일 | Process of manufacturing breket and pellet of cotton for biomass fuel |
| KR20200132649A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2020-11-25 | 김용학 | Fuel pellet containing cotton waste and a preparing method thereof |
| KR102298117B1 (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-07 | 도원플랜트산업주식회사 | Manufacturing system for solid fuel using sludge and waste oil |
| KR20210119096A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2021-10-05 | 안병로 | Pellet type novel recycled fuel comprising natural fibers and manufacturing method thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20100042318A (en) | 2008-10-16 | 2010-04-26 | 손수일 | Process of manufacturing breket and pellet of cotton for biomass fuel |
| KR20200132649A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2020-11-25 | 김용학 | Fuel pellet containing cotton waste and a preparing method thereof |
| KR20210119096A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2021-10-05 | 안병로 | Pellet type novel recycled fuel comprising natural fibers and manufacturing method thereof |
| KR102298117B1 (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-07 | 도원플랜트산업주식회사 | Manufacturing system for solid fuel using sludge and waste oil |
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