KR20180128366A - The New Underground Construction Method with Raise Boring Machine. - Google Patents
The New Underground Construction Method with Raise Boring Machine. Download PDFInfo
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- KR20180128366A KR20180128366A KR1020180137869A KR20180137869A KR20180128366A KR 20180128366 A KR20180128366 A KR 20180128366A KR 1020180137869 A KR1020180137869 A KR 1020180137869A KR 20180137869 A KR20180137869 A KR 20180137869A KR 20180128366 A KR20180128366 A KR 20180128366A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
- E21B3/022—Top drives
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/10—Correction of deflected boreholes
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 RBM(Raise Boring Machine)으로 산업일반(건설, 광업)의 지하공간 굴착공법 이다.BACKGROUND OF THE
일반적으로 RBM(Raise Boring Machine)은 수직, 수평, 경사등 모든 방향으로 시공이 가능한 굴착장비이다. RBM공법은 지상 또는 지하공간에서 시추장비 본체를 설치하고 시추본체에서 비트(Bit)와 로드(Rod)를 연장하여 선진천공(Pilot Drilling)을 다른 공간으로 관통시킨 이후 선진천공구멍(Pilot Drilling Hole)과 드릴로드에 선진천공(Pilot Drilling Hole)보다 직경이 큰 확대기(Reamer)를 장착하여 이를 시추장비 측으로 당겨서(인양, Pulling ) 지하의 공간을 축조하는 공법이다.In general, the RBM (Raise Boring Machine) is a drilling rig that can be installed in all directions such as vertical, horizontal, and inclined. In the RBM method, drilling equipment main body is installed in the ground or underground space, a bit and a rod are extended from the drilling main body, and a pilot drilling hole is formed after passing the advanced drilling through another space. And the drill rod is equipped with a reamer having a larger diameter than the pilot drilling hole, and pulling the reamer toward the drilling equipment to build a space underground.
본 발명에 있어서 RBM(Raise Boring Machine)은 시추장비 본체를 설치하고 시추본체에서 비트(Bit)와 로드(Rod)를 연장하여 선진천공(Pilot Drilling)을 다른 공간으로 관통시킨 이후 선진천공구멍(Pilot Drilling Hole)과 드릴로드에 선진천공(Pilot Drilling Hole)보다 직경이 큰 확대기(Reamer)를 장착하여 이를 시추장비 측으로 당겨서(인양, Pulling) 소정의 확대기(Reamer)단면의 지하의 공간을 신속하고 안전하게 축조하는 매우 효율적이며 경제적인 공법이다. In the present invention, the RBM (Raise Boring Machine) is installed in a drilling machine main body and a bit and a rod are extended from a drilling main body to penetrate advanced drilling into another space, Drilling Hole and a drill rod with a larger diameter than the pilot drilling hole and pulling it to the drilling rig to quickly and safely secure the underground space of a predetermined section of the reamer It is a very efficient and economical method of construction.
그러나 일반산업(건설, 광산)계에서는 RBM의 이용은 극히 제한적이어서 단지 RBM시추장비가 설치된 공간과 확대기(Reamer)를 장착하고 굴착한 버력을 제거할 수 있는 공간(13)이 확보된 경우에만 본 RBM공법을 적용 할 수 있다.However, in the general industry (construction, mining), the use of RBM is extremely limited, and only when the space where the RBM drilling rig is installed and the space (13) RBM method can be applied.
따라서 RBM의 인양용 확대기(Reamer)를 장착하고 굴착한 버력을 제거할 수 있는 공간이 없는 경우에도 안전하고 효율적이며 경제적인 공법RBM을 사용하게 하는 것이 또 다른 과제이다.Therefore, another challenge is to use a safe, efficient and economical construction method RBM even when there is no room to remove the buoyancy by mounting the reamer of the RBM.
본 발명은 기존 RBM공법에 다른 공정의 추가 및 공정추가에 따른 확대장치를 추가하여 전술한 문제점을 해결하려한다.The present invention attempts to solve the above-described problems by adding another process to the existing RBM process and an enlarging device according to the process addition.
RBM의 ROD는 대개 철 또는 철과 합금으로 된 것이 주종이다. RBM의 ROD는 재료 특성상 인장(Pulling, 引揚)력이 탁월하므로 추진보다는 인양굴착을 가장 적정하고 암반의 굴착후 버력은 도-3의 (13) 또는 도-6과 같은 확대기 후방의 공간이 기 확보되어 있으므로 그 굴착효과가 탁월하다.The ROD of RBM is predominantly iron or iron and alloy. Since the ROD of RBM is excellent in pulling force due to the characteristics of material, it is most appropriate to excavate lifting rather than propulsion, and the buoyancy force after excavation of rock is to be secured in the space behind the expander as shown in Fig. 3 (13) The excavation effect is excellent.
본 발명은 RBM의 인양용 확대기(Pulling Reamer)를 장착하고 굴착한 버력을 제거할 수 있는 공간을 확보하기 위하여 기존의 선진천공(Pilot Drilling Hole, 직경 180mm~330mm가 보편적임)를 시추한다.The present invention is equipped with a pulling reamer of the RBM and drills a conventional drilling hole (a diameter of 180 mm to 330 mm) in order to secure a space for removing the buried excavation.
이때 목적한 방향을 유지하거나 및 자연적인 오류를 보정하기 위하여 방향제어시추(미도시, Directional Drilling) 또는 방향제어코어시추(미도시, Directional Core Drilling)공법을 추가하는 것이 바람직하다.At this time, it is preferable to add a directional drilling (Directional Drilling) or a Directional Core Drilling (not shown) in order to maintain a desired direction and correct a natural error.
또한 선택적으로 기존의 선진천공의 직경을 사람이나 소규모 기구 또는 장비를 투입할 수 있는 크기로 하거나, 선진천공(Pilot Drilling Hole)을 한 이후에 시추장비 쪽에서 추진용 확대기(Trust Reamer)를 장비가 밀어서 사람이나 소규모 기구 또는 소형장비를 투입할 수 있는 공간을 확보한다.Optionally, the diameter of the existing advanced perforations can be sized to accommodate a person or a small apparatus or equipment, or after a pilot drilling hole has been established, the drilling equipment can be pushed through a propulsion expander (Trust Reamer) Ensure space for people, small appliances or small equipment.
추진용 확대기(Trust Reamer)를 밀어서 확보한 공간에 사람이나 소규모 기구 또는 소형장비를 투입하여 목적한 위치에 인양용 확대기(Pulling Reamer)의 직경과 비슷하거나 또는 그보다 크게 굴착하여 인양용 확대기의 조립공간을 만든다.A person, a small apparatus or a small equipment is put into a space secured by pushing a propulsion expander (Trust Reamer), and the excavator is excavated at a desired position at a position similar to or larger than the diameter of a pulling reamer, Lt; / RTI >
몸체와 날개형상으로 제작한 인양용 확대기(Pulling Reamer)를 분해하여 확대기 조립공간에 투입하고 여기서 분해된 인양용 확대기의 몸체(Reamer Base)와 굴착용 날개부(Segments)를 조립하여 인양용 확대기(도-5)를 완성한다. The pumping reamer, which is made of body and wing shape, is disassembled and put into the enlarger assembly space. The reamer base of the disassembled lifting magnifier and the digging wing segments are assembled, 5) is completed.
인양용 확대기를 시추장비 본체 방향으로 당기면서 회전시켜거나, 필요시 타격(Percussion), 고압분사(Water Jet) 등의 별도의 보조공법을 추가하여 소정의 목적한 바에 따른 지하공간을 굴착한다.If necessary, a separate auxiliary method such as percussion or water jet is added to excavate an underground space according to a desired purpose by rotating the lifting expander toward the main body of the drilling machine.
본 발명은 기존 RBM에 공정을 추가보완하고 및 별도의 장치를 하여 전술한 문제점을 해결함으로 인하여 얻어지는 효과에 대하여 기술하고자 한다.The present invention is intended to describe the effect obtained by solving the above-mentioned problems by further supplementing the existing RBM with a separate apparatus.
산업(건설과 광업)분야서 사용되는 RBM은 주로 수직방향의 터널에 사용하며 지상 또는 안전이 확보된 공간에서 선진시추(Pilot Drilling)을 위하여 굴착도구(Rod, BHA(Bottom Hole Assembly)를 추진(Trust)하여 또 다른 공간으로 선진시추(Pilot Drilling)를 하여 공간과 공간을 관통하고 관통된 공간에서 Rod에 확대굴착기(Reamer)를 장착하여 공간을 확대 굴착하여 지하공간을 축조하는 것이다. 그런데, RBM공법을 시행함에 있어서 인양용 확대굴착기(Pulling Reamer)를 장착하여 공간을 확보할 수 없는 경우에는 RBM공법의 적용이 불가능 하다. The RBM used in the industry (construction and mining) is mainly used for vertical tunnels and is used for drilling rigs (rod, bottom hole assembly (BHA) for advanced drilling in ground or safe space) In this case, a pilot drilling is performed to another space, and an enlarged excavator is mounted on the rod through the space and space to enlarge the excavated space to construct an underground space. It is impossible to apply the RBM method when the space can not be secured by mounting a pulling reamer for lifting.
본 발명에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하고 RBM공법의 폭 넓은 적용을 위하여 기존의 선진천공의 직경을 크게 하거나, 선진천공(Pilot Drilling Hole)을 한 이후에 시추장비 쪽에서 추진용 확대기(Trust Reamer)를 밀어서 사람이나 소규모 기구 또는 장비를 투입할 수 있는 공간을 확보하여 인양용 확대굴착기(Pulling Reamer)를 조립할 수 있는 공간을 확보하고 인양용 확대굴착기를 인양하며 굴착을 수행하므로 발파를 할 수 없는 도심 수직구의 건설에 탁월한 효과를 발휘한다.In order to solve the above problems and to apply the RBM method widely, it is necessary to increase the diameter of the existing advanced drilling hole or to perform a pilot drilling hole and then push the propulsion expander (Trust Reamer) Or a small equipment or equipment can be installed to secure a space for assembling the pulling reamer for the lifting, and the excavation is carried out by lifting the enlarged excavator for lifting. .
본 발명을 총하여 기존 RBM의 적용은 “시추장비 본체가 설치된 공간과 선친천공 후 확대기(Reamer)를 장착할 공간이 있어야만 RBM의 적용이 가능하다”는 한계에서 벗어나 지하공간(터널, 수직구, 공동구 등)에 폭 넓게 적용이 가능하게 하여 국가 경제에 이바지 하게 하였다.The application of the present invention to the existing RBM is based on the assumption that it is possible to apply the RBM only when there is space for installing the drilling equipment main body and the space for installing the reamer after the preliminary drilling, Etc.) to contribute to the national economy.
도-1은 본 공법의 흐름도(Flow Chart).
도-2는 본 발명의 RBM시공 개요도.
도-3은 일반적 RBM시공 상세도
도-4는 Step-2의 RBM시공 상세도
도-5은 RBM 확대기(11, Reamer)의 분해 및 조립도
도-6은 RBM공법의 다양한 적용법 개요도1 is a flow chart of this method.
2 is an outline view of the RBM construction of the present invention.
Figure-3 shows general RBM construction details
Fig. 4 shows details of RBM construction in Step-2.
Fig. 5 is a view showing the disassembling and assembling of the RBM expander 11
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of various application methods of the RBM method
본 발명을 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
본 발명은 기존의 RBM공법은 “도-6”과 같이 선진천공을 완료한 후에 선진천공비트가 관통한 공간 또는 접근터널 등에서 확대기(Reamer)를 장착하여 RBM본체 시추장비측으로 인양하며 확대기(Reamer)를 회전 굴착하여 소정의 공간을 완성한다.In the present invention, the conventional RBM method is as follows: after completion of the advanced drilling as shown in FIG. 6, a reamer is installed in a space or an approach tunnel through which an advanced drilled bit penetrates, Thereby completing a predetermined space.
그러나 산업(건설. 광업 등)현장에서는 “도-2. 순서도”와 같이 선진천공(Pilot Drillingt)으로 관통할 수 없거나, 관통할 공간 또는 접근터널 등이 없는 경우가 대부분이다. 따라서 본 발명에서는 RBM을 선진천공으로 관통할 수 없거나, 관통할 공간 또는 접근터널 등이 없는 경우의 지하공간의 확보에도 RBM을 적용하기 위하여 본 발명을 고안하였다.However, in the field of industry (construction, mining, etc.) Flow chart ", there are no cases where there is no penetrating space or access tunnel due to advanced drilling. Therefore, in the present invention, the present invention is devised to apply RBM to an underground space in the case where the RBM can not penetrate through the advanced perforation, the through space, or the access tunnel.
본 발명의 “도-2”의 순서도를 확인하면 Step-1.은 기존의 RBM공법과 동일하게 선진천공을 한다. 이공정에서는 방향제어시추(Directional Drilling) 또는 방향제어코어시추(Directional Core Drilling)공법을 적용하여 목적한 방향을 유지하거나 및 자연적인 오류를 보정할 수도 있므며, 이때 설계굴착선매지 목적한 위치 보다 천공을 그 이상 추가하여 지하수와 버력의 집재 등을 할 수 있는 다목적 공간(Pit)이 될 심도까지도 함께 추진 천공한다. As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2 of the present invention, Step-1. Performs advanced drilling similar to the conventional RBM method. In this process, Directional Drilling or Directional Core Drilling can be applied to maintain the desired direction and to correct natural errors. At this time, By adding more punching holes, the punching hole is punched together to the depth that will be a multipurpose space (pit) that can hold ground water and buoyancy.
Step-2.는 “도-4”와 같은 공정으로 선진천공을 따라 공을 따라 1차적으로 추진하여 확대천공(이하 "1차확공”이라 칭함)한다. 이때 1차확공은 사람과 소규모의 굴착장비, 확대기(Reamer)를 분해해서 “Reamer Base와 Segments"가 통과될 수 있는 크기의 직경으로 한다.Step-2. Is the same process as in "Figure-4", followed by advanced drilling, followed by expansion drilling (hereinafter referred to as "first drilling"). Disassemble the instrument and the reamer and set the diameter to allow the "Reamer Base and Segments" to pass through.
Step-3.은 1차확공 이후 소정의 설계굴착선 지역을 원통형(Ring Type)으로 확대 굴착하여 확대기(Reamer)의 분해된 “Segments와 Reamer Base"를 조립할 수 있는 공간(08, 이하 “조립공간”이라 칭함)을 확보한다.Step-3 is a space (08, hereinafter referred to as " assembly space ") in which a predetermined design excavation line area is enlarged and excavated into a ring type after the first expansion to assemble disassembled "Segments and Reamer Base" Quot;).
Step-4.은 조립공간(08)에서 RBM의 분해된 “와 Reamer Base"를 조립하여 확대기(11, Reamer)를 2차 확대공(12, 이하 "2차확공”이라 칭함)을 완성한다.Step-4. Assembles the disassembled "Reamer Base" of the RBM in the assembly space (08) and completes the secondary expansion hole (12) (hereinafter referred to as "secondary expansion") by the expander (11, Reamer).
Step-1, Step-2, Step-4에서 사용하는 BHA(Bottom Hole, Assembly. 선진천공, 1차확공, 2차확공에 사용하는 굴착도구 및 확대기)는 형식이 다른 도구(미도시, DTH Hammer & Bits, Jet Drilling Tools, Laser Drilling Tools등으로 된 단일 또는 복합형식의 굴착도구 등)를 상황에 따라 적용할 수 있다.The BHA (Bottom Hole, Assembly, advanced drilling, first drilling, second drilling, and drilling tools used in Step-1, Step-2, and Step-4) & Bits, Jet Drilling Tools, Laser Drilling Tools, etc.) can be applied depending on the situation.
확대기(10, 11)로 Step-2, Step-5를 시공함에 있어 일반 RBM은 버력이 확대기(10, 11)를 장착한 곳으로 모이게 되나, 본 발명은 기존 RBM과 달리 버력의 반출처리는 Step-1, Step-2, Step-3의 공정 이후 생긴 공간(07, 08, 09)에 적재될 수 있으나, 그 공간이 부족할 시에는 고비중이수(高比重泥水), 압축유체(壓軸流體) 등을 이용하여 기 완료된 천공(06, 07)의 밖으로 배출할 수 있다.In the construction of Step-2 and Step-5 with the
Step-5.은 조립된 확대기(Reamer)를 RBM본체 측으로 당기면서(인양) 확대기(Reamer)된를 조립하여 확대기(Reamer)를 RBM본체의 위치에 근접하여 도달할 경우, 시공이 완성된다.Step-5. When the Reamer is pulled close to the position of the RBM main body by pulling the assembled Reamer to the side of the RBM main body while assembling the Reamer, the construction is completed.
01 : RBM본체
02 : RBM본체 기초(거치대)
03 : RBM Rod
04 : 선진천공 비트(Pilot Bit)
05 : 안정기(Stabilizer)
06 : 선진천공(Pilot Hole)
07 : 1차 확공(First Reaming up Hole)
08 : 2차 확장리머 조립공간
09 : 집수정 및 버력집재장
10 : 1차 확공리머(First Reamer)
11 : 2차 확공리머(2nd Reamer)
12 : 설계직경의 수직구
13 : 접근터널(Access Tunnel)01: RBM main body
02: RBM body base (cradle)
03: RBM Rod
04: Advanced drilling bit (Pilot Bit)
05: Stabilizer
06: Pilot Hole
07: First Reaming up Hole
08: Secondary Expansion Reamer Assembly Space
09: Housekeeping and resurfacing
10: First Reamer
11: Second Reamer (2nd Reamer)
12: Number of design diameters
13: Access Tunnel
Claims (3)
선진천공을 따라 확대 굴착한 1차확공(07) 또는 직접 대구경천공(07)한 내부로 사람과 소형굴착장비를 투입하여 설계굴착 심도 부근에서 원통형(Ring Type)으로 굴착하고 이 공간을 이용하여 분해한 확대기(Reamer)를 투입한 후에 이후 조립하여 2차확공(12)을 실시하는 것을 특징으로 하는 지하굴착공법
In order to secure a predetermined space by excavating the ground with the RBM, the foundation 02 is installed so that the RBM main body 01 can stably perform excavation work on the ground, The RBM main body 01 is fixed thereon and advanced puncturing 06 is performed at a predetermined depth or more. Thereafter, the advanced perforation is enlarged to be at least a size capable of entering the decomposed expander with the person, The drilling operation can be selectively carried out by directly carrying out a drilling operation with a size capable of entering a disassembled reamer. Thereafter, a person and a small excavation equipment are put into the primary drilling operation 07, The process of generating buckling force is performed through the first expansion (07) by performing excavation in the space (08) and assembling the expander (11, Reamer) disassembled in the space (08) Exit (discharge) is the high specific gravity of fluid and high pressure As in using the body operation is conducted into the perforations and an underground excavating method which is characterized in that the inlet towards the perforations in the opposite direction and general RBM;
Excavation is carried out in the form of a ring type near the designed excavation depth by injecting people and small excavation equipment into the inside of the first drilled hole (07) or directly large drilled hole (07) And then a second expansion (12) is carried out after assembling a reamer,
The method of claim 1, wherein directional drilling or directional core drilling is used to maintain the predetermined direction or correct errors in the propulsion direction, and to confirm, analyze and reinforce the ground in advance The underground excavation method
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KR20220066460A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-05-24 | 김인필 | Method for vertical hole |
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KR20220066460A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-05-24 | 김인필 | Method for vertical hole |
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