KR20170131860A - Manufacturing methods of modular form for construction joint of RC structure by using 3D printer - Google Patents
Manufacturing methods of modular form for construction joint of RC structure by using 3D printer Download PDFInfo
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- KR20170131860A KR20170131860A KR1020160062548A KR20160062548A KR20170131860A KR 20170131860 A KR20170131860 A KR 20170131860A KR 1020160062548 A KR1020160062548 A KR 1020160062548A KR 20160062548 A KR20160062548 A KR 20160062548A KR 20170131860 A KR20170131860 A KR 20170131860A
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- printer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
- E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A method of making a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural part using a 3D printer is provided. The modular mold making method for a joint joint of an RC structure using the 3D printer is a three-dimensional printing method comprising the steps of: producing first through fourth segments; combining the first through fourth segments, And providing a resin in the mold to produce a shaped plate.
Description
The present invention relates to a method of making a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural part using a 3D printer.
3D printers are equipment for manufacturing 3D objects by stacking materials such as polymer (resin) and metal in liquid / powder form according to design data in a processing-layer-by-layer manner. (Rapid Prototyping), which means technology for rapid modeling of shapes using laser and powder materials.
As opposed to Subtractive Manufacturing, which produces three-dimensional objects by cutting or trimming three-dimensional materials using machining or laser, the official technical term is Additive Manufacturing.
Research and development are underway to apply the principles of the three-dimensional printer to various applications.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural part using a small three-dimensional printer.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural part using a 3D printer having improved workability and efficiency.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural part using a 3D printer with a reduced processing cost.
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is not limited to the above.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural part using a 3D printer.
According to one embodiment, a modular mold making method for a construction joint of an RC structural part using the 3D printer is a three-dimensional printing method, comprising the steps of manufacturing first to fourth segments, Combining the segments to produce a mold, and providing the mold with a resin to produce a feature plate.
A method for manufacturing a modular formwork for a joint of a RC structure using a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention is a three-dimensional printing method comprising the steps of: producing first to fourth segments; Combining the segments to produce a mold, and providing the mold with a resin to produce a feature plate. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a method for manufacturing a modular formwork for use in a construction joint of an RC structural part using a 3D printer, which is easy to use a small three-dimensional printer, improved in workability and efficiency, and reduced in process cost.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural part using a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing a mold according to a method for manufacturing a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural part using a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing a synthetic resin plate according to a method for manufacturing a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural part using a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view showing an example of a modular mold of a method for manufacturing a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural part using a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a concrete using a synthetic resin plate manufactured according to a method for manufacturing a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural part using a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein but may be embodied in other forms. Rather, the embodiments disclosed herein are provided so that the disclosure can be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
In this specification, when an element is referred to as being on another element, it may be directly formed on another element, or a third element may be interposed therebetween. Further, in the drawings, the thicknesses of the films and regions are exaggerated for an effective explanation of the technical content.
Also, while the terms first, second, third, etc. in the various embodiments of the present disclosure are used to describe various components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms have only been used to distinguish one component from another. Thus, what is referred to as a first component in any one embodiment may be referred to as a second component in another embodiment. Each embodiment described and exemplified herein also includes its complementary embodiment. Also, in this specification, 'and / or' are used to include at least one of the front and rear components.
The singular forms "a", "an", and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It is also to be understood that the terms such as " comprises "or" having "are intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, Should not be understood to exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements, elements, or combinations thereof. Also, in this specification, the term "connection " is used to include both indirectly connecting and directly connecting a plurality of components.
In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural member and a method of manufacturing the same are provided using a 3D printer. According to the embodiment of the present invention, a mold for forming a shape necessary for a joint in a construction joint is manufactured inexpensively and quickly using a 3D printer, and a shape plate is formed on the mold by using a synthetic resin or the like. According to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to produce a desired shape that is more economical than the conventional manufacturing and construction methods using a 3D printer. It is more advantageous for mass production than the method of applying the existing 3D printer output as a concrete form by using the synthetic resin which is excellent in the elasticity by the shape plate material, Is effective.
The reinforced concrete structure is a monolithic structure, which integrates all the structures by using concrete and steel bars, and the shape of the structure is produced by using the formwork. Currently used formwork has limitations in cost and construction ability to be applied to irregular and complex shaped structures. Forced molds are manufactured through complicated manufacturing processes such as casting in other shapes and detailed changes. Such casting is not economical to produce small quantities of products, and it is difficult to ensure the precision of the shape. For this reason, atypical molds are often made of wood with durability and low strength.
As an alternative to solve this problem, domestic and foreign technologies using 3D printers are divided into two types. Methods for constructing a concrete structure directly by using a 3D printer or constructing a structure by outputting a form are being studied. 3D printer devices for constructing structures directly are being studied by applying Fused Deposition Modeling. The FDM method forms a structure by laminating thin layers of a two-dimensional planar shape, and does not require a form that is essentially used in a conventional concrete construction method. This is because the process of dismantling the concrete is omitted and the air is shortened and economically advantageous. There is also the advantage that it is easy to construct an irregular structure because no formwork is required. However, when the existing concrete is used for the 3D printer, the manufacturing time of the concrete is increased due to the material characteristics of the concrete. Generally, the concrete is expressed by the hydration reaction of cement and water. In the laminated FDM method, the concrete constituting the lower layer needs time to obtain the predetermined strength sufficient to withstand the weight of the concrete on the upper surface. That is, the speed at which concrete is output to a 3D printer is limited. Due to these problems, special materials other than conventional concrete are used. Contour Crafting in the United States uses concrete mortar, which is not a conventional concrete but has a controlled hardening speed. The limitation of materials used is a problem in considering economical efficiency, structural stability, and the like.
A variety of shapes can be produced in comparison with the conventional construction method in a method of manufacturing a form panel using a 3D printer. This is advantageous in that it is easier and less costly to manufacture a mold compared to a forced mold. However, the output panel is limited in usability due to changes in the shape and size of the structure, and there is a problem that the output should be output again when the output is damaged.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, a shape plate mold is outputted by a 3D printer, and a synthetic plate is formed on the output shape plate mold by using a synthetic resin. It is possible to make atypical concrete in existing formworks by using the produced plastic plate. Also, since the shape plate is repeatedly formed by reusing the shape plate mold, it is more efficient than the production method using the existing 3D printer as a form. In the process of designing the shape plate mold, the size and thickness are standardized by modularization so that the shape plates can be combined with each other. The shape plate can be used in combination with the shape plates according to the size and shape of the structural member or molded in a mold with a modular mold. Since it is possible to manufacture the shape plate of the desired shape, it is possible to use the existing form without special device or technology.
The embodiment of the present invention is a construction technique for manufacturing a modular formwork for a RC structural member joint joint using a 3D printer, and can be applied to construction of a concrete having a pattern or a complicated shape in addition to an irregular structural member .
Formwork is a framework used to obtain the desired shape of unhardened concrete. It is made up of clay boards, strands, wales, and interlayers. Depending on the need, wires or foam ties may be used to penetrate the concrete. Wood molds are commonly used, and table molds, forced molds and automatic molds are used depending on the purpose of use.
Casting refers to a manufacturing process for making a product by solidifying molten metal. In the casting process, mold is made and molten metal is injected into the mold to solidify. The solidified metal is processed and inspected to produce the final product. Castings can be made of metal alloys that are difficult to plasticize or cut, and can be manufactured in one piece without any limitation in size or weight.
3D printers can be roughly divided into FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling), SLS (Selective Laser Sintering) and DMT (Direct Metal Tooling). 3D printer devices for constructing structures are being studied by applying Fused Deposition Modeling. The FDM method is to form a structure by laminating thin layers of a two-dimensional planar shape, which does not require a form that is essentially used in a conventional concrete construction method. This is economically advantageous because the process of constructing and installing the formwork and dismantling the concrete is omitted. In addition, there is an advantage that it is easy to construct an irregular structure because a form is not necessary.
Currently used dies are suitable for two-dimensionally shaped structures. There is a problem that when the irregular structure is constructed by using the forced form, the number of required formwork is increased according to various shapes and details, and the economical efficiency is reduced when the design is changed.
Casting can produce products of the same shape quickly. However, it is not economical to produce small quantities of products or to change products because they make models. The products are affected by the pores and impurities generated during the casting process, and the accuracy of the dimensions is insufficient. Much energy is consumed in the process of melting the metal, and casting is limited if the thickness of the product is too thin.
If the existing concrete is used in the 3D printer, it takes a long time to manufacture due to the material characteristic of the concrete. Generally, the concrete is expressed by the hydration reaction of cement and water. In the laminated FDM method, the concrete constituting the lower layer needs time to obtain the predetermined strength sufficient to withstand the weight of the concrete on the upper surface. That is, the speed at which concrete is output to a 3D printer is limited. Due to these problems, special materials other than conventional concrete are used. Contour Crafting in the United States uses concrete mortar, which is not a conventional concrete but has a controlled hardening speed. The limitation of usable concrete is a problem in considering economical efficiency and structural stability.
When the output panel is directly applied to the structure, the usability is limited according to the change of shape or size, and since the output is directly used, there is a problem that the output should be outputted again in case of breakage.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, in order to overcome the limitations of the existing product production through casting, a shape plate mold can be manufactured through a 3D printer, and an unshaped structure can be manufactured by using a synthetic resin plate in a mold . This is a less restrictive choice of materials than the technique of constructing structures directly with 3D printers. Also, when the output is used as a panel, it is possible to produce more efficiently and the possibility of the form being damaged is low.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural part using a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
Referring to FIG. 1, a process for producing a shape plate by outputting a shape plate mold with a 3D printer and curing the synthetic resin is shown. In this experiment, a synthetic resin plate having a central irregularity shape with a size of 150 X 150 X 20 mm was manufactured. The manufacturing process is divided into a process of manufacturing a shape plate mold with a 3D printer and a process of manufacturing a synthetic resin plate using the mold.
FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing a mold according to a method for manufacturing a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural part using a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 2, a drawing is made using a CAD program in order to produce a shape plate mold using a 3D printer. The 3D modeling program "Sketch Up" was used to create the 3D model file. To print a 3D model file of SketchUp to a 3D printer, you need to use a slice program. In the slice program, the 3D model is divided into layers and a 'Gcode file' is created, which is an information file storing the setting values. The slice program used in this experiment was 'Cura'.
3 is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing a synthetic resin plate according to a method for manufacturing a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural part using a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 3, a process of fabricating a synthetic resin plate using an output mold is shown. Use tape or glue gun to assemble the output mold pieces into one mold. It is not suitable for separating the hardened synthetic resin plate by completely joining the mold. The mold of the assembled mold synthetic resin and the curing agent are mixed at a specific ratio and injected into the mold. It is then sufficiently dried at 60 DEG C for 24 hours.
FIG. 4 is a view showing an example of a modular mold of a method for manufacturing a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural part using a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a concrete using a synthetic resin plate manufactured according to a modular mold making method for a construction joint of an RC structural part.
Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, the effect of the present invention resides in increasing usability and efficiency through modularization as shown in FIG. Because the shape plate mold is divided into small pieces and output, it is possible to use a small 3D printer. The modular shape plate mold can be assembled according to the size and shape suitable for the construction part of the RC structural member, and by molding the integrated shape plate using the same, it is effective for increasing the workability and efficiency. The result of applying the molded synthetic resin plate to actual concrete is shown in FIG. It can be confirmed that it shows the same performance as that of the conventional wood and steel formwork. Also, through the present invention, it is possible to improve the workability by applying complicated shapes to the construction part of the construction, or to make a desired shape plate, and to apply it to the concrete finishing work having a desired pattern by utilizing the existing formwork. By using this method, it is possible to construct a desired shape at a lower cost than a forced form applied to an atypical building, and the construction cost can be reduced because the weight is light and the construction is simple.
Therefore, according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to manufacture a shape plate production mold capable of being modularized using a 3D printer, a technique of integrating a shape plate production mold, a technique of manufacturing a shape plate using a synthetic resin, A technique to be used in conjunction with an existing mold, and a matched shape plate technique are provided.
The ultrahigh strength concrete (UHPC) is improved in ductility and strength by using various admixture and steel fiber. The characteristics of UHPC are attracting attention as a substitute for conventional concrete due to the superstructure and the long life of the structure. UHPC is used as a method to connect each member in the field by making it with precast member since the performance difference according to the curing process is great. In order to improve the structural performance of these joints, methods of surface treatment of the joint surface after demolding of concrete or shear keys are applied. According to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve a conventional method of manufacturing a shear key, a 3D printer is used to manufacture a shear key plate applicable to a conventional mold. 3D printers are advantageous in that they can be manufactured inexpensively when various shapes and sizes of objects are compared with other manufacturing methods. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a method of producing a shear-key mold and a shear-key shaped plate using a 3D printer is proposed.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the mold was output using a 3D printer, and the flexural strength of the UHPC punched for 24 hours was measured by applying the shear-key plate produced in the output mold to the UHPC.
3D modeling was done through 'Sketch up' program to create 3D model files, and 'Cura' was used to make G files. The 3D printer used for 3D printing was 'Mannequin' of O company, and the diameter of nozzles and filaments was 0.4 mm and 1.75 mm, respectively. The output mold was cured with urethane to prepare a shear-key shaped plate. The UHPC used in the test is 180 MPa.
strength
(MPa)
(%)
(kg)
agent
(kg)
admixture
Reducing
Admixtures
(15.6 mm)
(19.3 mm)
aggregate
aggregate
A process for fabricating a shear-key plate using a 3D printer is shown in FIG. A mold of the desired size was produced through a 3D modeling program. In the embodiment of the present invention, the mold is designed to have a middle shear key. The model file was imported into a slicing program to adjust the output temperature, output speed, and shell thickness to obtain optimal settings. The shear plate was fabricated using the output mold.
The bending strength was measured after 6 days of delay casting. As a result, the bending strength was increased in comparison with the non - treatment in the presence of shear keys. However, the flexural strength was only about 20% when shear keys were installed.
It is confirmed that it is possible to apply it to actual UHPC by making a shear key plate using 3D printer. This enables molds to be manufactured at low cost and can be applied to various shapes and fields.
Claims (1)
Combining the first through fourth segments to produce a mold; And
And providing a resin in the mold to produce a shape plate. A method of making a modular formwork for a construction joint of an RC structural part using a 3D printer.
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| KR1020160062548A KR20170131860A (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2016-05-23 | Manufacturing methods of modular form for construction joint of RC structure by using 3D printer |
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| KR1020160062548A KR20170131860A (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2016-05-23 | Manufacturing methods of modular form for construction joint of RC structure by using 3D printer |
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| KR20170131860A true KR20170131860A (en) | 2017-12-01 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102009872B1 (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2019-10-21 | 한국건설기술연구원 | the wall opening form and wall opening frame manufactured using the 3D printer |
| WO2020152542A1 (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-07-30 | Gaayatri Yarlagadda | Method for building construction using three-dimensional printer |
| KR102461799B1 (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-11-01 | (주)위드웍스에이앤이건축사사무소 | Manufacturing method of amorphous concrete panels for exterior |
| KR20230099378A (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2023-07-04 | 현대건설(주) | Formwork including 3D-printed atypical formwork parts for small structures and manufacturing method thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-05-23 KR KR1020160062548A patent/KR20170131860A/en unknown
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102009872B1 (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2019-10-21 | 한국건설기술연구원 | the wall opening form and wall opening frame manufactured using the 3D printer |
| WO2020152542A1 (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-07-30 | Gaayatri Yarlagadda | Method for building construction using three-dimensional printer |
| KR20230099378A (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2023-07-04 | 현대건설(주) | Formwork including 3D-printed atypical formwork parts for small structures and manufacturing method thereof |
| KR102461799B1 (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-11-01 | (주)위드웍스에이앤이건축사사무소 | Manufacturing method of amorphous concrete panels for exterior |
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