KR20170079937A - Method of casting by 3D printing mold - Google Patents
Method of casting by 3D printing mold Download PDFInfo
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- KR20170079937A KR20170079937A KR1020150191018A KR20150191018A KR20170079937A KR 20170079937 A KR20170079937 A KR 20170079937A KR 1020150191018 A KR1020150191018 A KR 1020150191018A KR 20150191018 A KR20150191018 A KR 20150191018A KR 20170079937 A KR20170079937 A KR 20170079937A
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- molding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/02—Lost patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/18—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
- B22C1/185—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents containing phosphates, phosphoric acids or its derivatives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
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- B29C67/0088—
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Computer Graphics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention proposes that a target product generated by a 3D printer is not limited to prototypes or promotional purposes but can be used in a wider range. As a result, after a predetermined 3D printing die is manufactured, Surface roughening, etc., as well as actively improving the implementation of each process, thereby reducing the time required for each process, as well as achieving maximum product and work efficiency. Method, the product modeling data is reviewed, and a 3D printing die using a 3D printer is manufactured on the basis of the related data, and a paraffin wax molding is manufactured using the corresponding 3D printing die. Thus, After the casting process is completed, the object is obtained .
Description
The present invention discloses a 3D printer casting method. More specifically, the present invention proposes that a target product generated by a 3D printer can be used in a wider range without being restricted to prototypes and promotional purposes. And the whole casting operation is carried out sequentially. Therefore, it is differentiated from the conventional one in which the quantity and surface roughness are required to be complemented, and the embodiments of each process are actively improved, thereby reducing the time required for each process, And a method of casting a roast wax using a 3D printing die that maximizes work efficiency.
Recently, with the acceleration of market changes and diversification of models, demand for parts and products with complex shapes is increasing. In order to meet these market conditions, there is a need to shorten the period of product development and rationalize the development process. Rapid prototyping as a supporting tool for rapid product development is increasing rapidly.
The main advantage of rapid prototyping is that complex parts can be created from 3D data without additional expertise. It is also very useful in concurrent engineering approaches.
For example, 3D printing refers to a technique of laminating raw materials such as plastic liquids or powders to freely take out three-dimensional solid materials. Since the target object is created through the 3D graphic design program and the raw material of powder, liquid, and yarn is injected through the 3D printer, the thin layer is repeatedly stacked in the shape of the object so that it is fundamentally different from the conventional cutting method It is also called machining technology.
The advantage of a 3D printer is that it costs less to print a single object, and it can freely create any shape. In the conventional plastic model manufacturing method, the cost for making a single product is very high because the frame is made and printed. However, since the 3D printer generates the product by stacking the raw materials one by one, it is very suitable for small quantity production Have.
For this reason, original 3D printer technology has been used mainly in the process of prototyping prototypes at the prototype development stage, trial and error, and revising and re-creating them several times. In addition, 3D printers can be easily created without the need to break any complex shapes, so complex shapes can be printed at one time, such as where you have to hang and twist.
However, since the existing 3D printing method proceeds with a relatively uniform process such as limited application of materials and printer molding using wax, it is not possible to differentiate the process, and the time required for each process is unnecessarily sustained And the work efficiency is deteriorating.
In other words, conventionally, in the 3D printing, since it is consistent with the injection method, it is disadvantageous in securing the quantity of the product and the surface condition is also required to be corrected, so that a process of improved method is needed.
The present invention has been made in order to more positively solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a 3D printing die manufactured in a predetermined condition and to sequentially perform a series of casting processes on the basis thereof, And to provide a method of casting a roast wax using a 3D printing die that can contribute to shortening the time required for each process.
In addition, it is another task to present the detailed process consisting of differentiated conditions and all factors to ensure the efficiency of all work according to the creation of the target product.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method of casting a lost wax using the 3D printing mold of the present invention.
The method of casting the lost wax using the 3D printing mold is to review the product modeling data and to prepare a 3D printing die using a 3D printer based on the related data and then to manufacture a paraffin wax molding by using the corresponding 3D printing die And the object article is obtained after the wax removal and the casting process are sequentially performed by the mold.
For this, a product modeling review step of generating a target article through a 3D graphic design program and converting the generated data, repairing the defect, and transferring the final data, and transferring the related data to the 3D printer, A mold making step in which a 3D printing mold is formed by designing in consideration of corresponding shrinkage rates of 3D printing dies, waxes, and castings according to each material, and then performing an automated preparation process under preset printing conditions; A wax molding step in which the wax is melted while keeping the wax in the range of 85 to 95 ° C, and then the molten wax is dropped into a 3D printing mold and naturally cooled and then demolded; And the support frame is removed after the curing process. The bubbles generated during the mixing are discharged to the outside by the vacuum defoaming machine A wax removing step of removing the wax molding inside the mold by placing the mold in a drier or a firing kiln and continuing at a temperature of 180 to 200 ° C to mold the molten metal into the mold from which the wax molding is removed, A casting step of curing and suppressing bubbles generated upon injection of the melt due to air suction; and a post-treatment step in which the finished product is obtained by performing surface mapping after removing the mold.
In addition, the 3D printing mold includes a nonferrous metal as a material in the mold making step.
In the mold making step, the mold material includes a molding material for a phosphate-based casting.
More preferably, in the step of forming the mold, a mold material in which the investment material for phosphate-based casting, water and solution are mixed at a weight ratio of 10: 1: 1 is used as the material.
Before the casting step after the wax removal step, a mold is placed in a high-temperature drier and heated at 400 to 500 ° C. for 1 hour or longer to remove the paraffin wax remaining in the mold and to preheat the mold to a temperature suitable for casting .
According to the present invention having the above-described structure, a 3D printing die manufactured under predetermined conditions is pre-manufactured, and a series of casting processes such as paraffin wax molding, mold making, paraffin wax removal, casting and post- Thereby contributing to the mass production and completion of the product resulting from the 3D printing mold and to shorten the time required for each process.
In addition, detailed conditions related to various processes are specifically suggested to induce differentiation from the prior art, and further clarification is given to the stepwise action to be performed. In particular, unlike the conventional method, a predetermined mold material is provided using a phosphate casting investment material The inner air permeability is ensured, so that it is expected that a better drying action such as shortening of drying time becomes possible.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart schematically illustrating a sequential flow of a method of casting a lost wax using a 3D printing mold according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The advantages and features of the present invention, and how to accomplish them, will become apparent by reference to the embodiments described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It is intended that the disclosure of the present invention be limited only by the terms of the appended claims. And, throughout the specification, like reference numerals refer to like elements.
The present invention is directed to an improved casting method implemented by a 3D printer.
In the present invention, the present invention proposes that a target product generated by a 3D printer can be used in a wider range without limiting to prototypes, promotional purposes, and the like, so that after a predetermined 3D printing die is manufactured, In addition to being differentiated from conventional ones requiring complementation in terms of quantity and surface roughness, we are actively improving the implementation of each process, thereby reducing the time required for each process, as well as using the 3D printing mold to maximize the product's completeness and work efficiency. It relates to wax casting methods.
As shown in FIG. 1, a method of casting a lost wax using 3D printing dies, which is a feature of the present invention, includes a product modeling review step, a mold making step, a wax forming step, a mold making step, A wax removal step, a casting step, and a post-treatment step.
Here, in the mold manufacturing step, a mold is formed by utilizing a 3D printer, which has been improved in the prior art, and then a molding is completed by performing the above-described steps. Such a configuration has difficulty in securing the quantity of the wax 3D printer when it is molded, and it solves the problem of roughness on the surface, secures better workability and improves the utilization possibility.
In this regard, the method of casting a lost wax using the 3D printing die is to examine the modeling data of the product, prepare 3D printing dies using a 3D printer based on the related data, and then use the 3D printing dies as paraffin wax And the object article is obtained after the wax removal and casting process are sequentially performed by the molds manufactured by manufacturing the molded article.
Typical mold manufacturing processes are implemented in ideas and designs, mold making and molding, and measurement and post-processing. 3D printing technology is applied to Rapid Prototyping (RP) and Mockup stages at the idea and design stage. Before the mold was manufactured, the shape of the designed article was verified in advance, and it was used only to grasp the design problem in advance or to be used for external promotion.
Accordingly, the present invention proposes a 3D printing die which can be used more practically while maximizing utilization, and it is possible to realize such a 3D printing die as contributing to the mass production of articles and improving the quality in terms of quality .
More particularly, the present invention relates to a product modeling method comprising: a product modeling review step of generating a target product through a 3D graphic design program and converting the generated data, repairing defects, and transferring final data; A mold making step in which a 3D printing die is formed by designing a mold according to each material and designing it in consideration of a corresponding shrinkage ratio of a 3D printing die, wax, and casting, and then performing an automated preparation process under predetermined printing conditions; A wax molding step obtained by melting the paraffin wax for casting while keeping the casting paraffin wax in the range of 85 to 95 ° C, releasing the wax into a 3D printing mold and desiccating the wax by naturally cooling the wax, and adding a wax molding to the hollow support frame After the curing process, the supporting frame is removed. The bubbles generated during mixing are discharged to the outside by the vacuum deaerator A wax removing step of removing the wax molding from the mold by continuously feeding the mold into a dryer or a firing kiln and maintaining the temperature at 180 to 200 ° C; A casting step of injecting and hardening a melt and suppressing bubbles generated upon injection of the melt due to air suction; and a post-treatment step of obtaining the finished product by performing surface mapping after removing the mold.
In the mold making step, the 3D printing mold is preferably made of a non-ferrous metal, and zinc, aluminum, or the like can be adopted, for example. These materials have higher shrinkage rate than other materials, so mold design should be done considering this.
In the mold making step, the mold material includes a molding material for a phosphate-based casting.
For example, a molding material obtained by mixing a phosphate-based casting investment material, water, and a solution at a weight ratio of 10: 1: 1 is used as a material, thereby shortening the drying time. Conventionally, general gypsum or casting gypsum is used as a mold material, but it is not easy to remove moisture inside the mold and internal ventilation can not be secured, so that drying at 500 to 1000 ° C for at least 48 hours must be performed.
On the other hand, in the present invention, by using the investment casting material for phosphate casting in order to solve the above problems, the internal air permeability is ensured, so that the moisture can be completely removed during drying for 1 hour or more at 400 to 500 ° C.
The vacuum deaerator in the mold making step is provided with a predetermined diaphragm to remove air bubbles from the mold material due to vibration or vacuum, vibration and vacuum in order to prevent air bubbles generated when the air is sucked into the melt. To prevent the non-molding phenomenon actively.
The present invention may further include a step of providing a high temperature before the casting step after the wax removal step.
For example, a mold is placed in a high-temperature dryer and heated to 400 to 500 ° C. for 1 hour or longer to remove the paraffin wax remaining in the mold and to preheat the mold to a temperature suitable for casting.
Now, the above-described configuration is described as follows.
[Product modeling review step]
A target article is created through a 3D graphic design program or other known program.
In the product modeling review stage, conversion of generated data, repair of defects, and transmission of final data are included.
[Mold production phase]
Related data is transferred to a 3D printer to design a mold by 3D printing.
At this time, in the production of a mold using a 3D printer, general 3D printing conditions are applied and printing is performed.
In addition, the 3D printing mold is formed by designing in consideration of the shrinkage ratio of each material of the 3D printing mold, wax, and casting, and then performing automated preparation under the preset printing conditions.
For example, it is designed based on the concept of 3D printing mold shrinkage + wax shrinkage + casting shrinkage rate, and mold shrinkage rate should be designed considering each material because shrinkage rate differs for each material used as mold (gypsum powder, ABS, PLA, PC Etc). The wax shrinkage rate should also be calculated by applying the appropriate shrinkage factor according to the wax used. The casting shrinkage rate should also be determined by applying the shrinkage factor (zinc, aluminum, cast iron, SUS, etc.) according to the material of the casting. In addition, the volume of the sprue must be greater than the volume of the product in order to prevent shrinkage and shrinkage due to shrinkage during cooling, and at least two gas vent holes should be provided for smooth gas discharge.
[Wax molding step]
Melting the paraffin wax while maintaining the casting paraffin wax within the range of 85 to 95 ° C, dropping it into a 3D printing die, and naturally cooling it to obtain it.
At this time, the paraffin wax for casting is used and the wax is molded while maintaining the temperature at 85 to 95 ° C. when the wax is melted. When the temperature is low, the surface shape is poor and unformed. When the temperature is high, This is because bubbles are generated on the surface of the product. After that, it is naturally cooled for more than 10 minutes and induced to be deformed, thereby suppressing the occurrence of crack due to shrinkage during rapid cooling.
[Steps of Mold Making]
The wax moldings are placed in a hollow support frame, and the mixed moldings are dropped. After the curing process, the support frame is removed. The bubbles generated during mixing are released to the outside by a vacuum deaerator.
The material of the mold is currently used in general gypsum or casting gypsum, but in the present invention, investment casting for phosphate casting is used. When using gypsum or casting gypsum, it is not easy to remove moisture inside the mold and it does not have inner air permeability, so it needs to be dried at 500 ~ 1000 ℃ for about 48 hours. However, when using investment casting for phosphate casting, Moisture is completely removed by drying for more than 1 hour at.
[Wax removing step]
The mold is placed in a dryer or a firing kiln, and the mold is continuously heated at a temperature of 180 to 200 ° C. to remove the wax molding from the mold.
For example, the mold is placed in a dryer and the work is carried out at a temperature of 180 to 200 ° C. for 4 hours or more, thereby largely removing paraffin inside the mold.
After the wax is removed, the mold is placed in a high-temperature dryer and heated at 400 to 500 ° C. for 1 hour or longer to remove the paraffin wax remaining in the mold and preheat the mold to a temperature suitable for casting.
[Casting step]
The molten liquid of the metal material is injected into the mold from which the wax moldings have been removed and cured, and the bubbles generated during the injection of the molten liquid are suppressed due to the air suction.
[Post-processing step]
The finished article is obtained by performing the surface mapping after the removal of the template.
Hereinafter, the term " after treatment " includes surface treatment such as sprue and air vent, burr and the like.
According to the present invention having the above-described structure, a 3D printing die manufactured under predetermined conditions is pre-manufactured, and a series of casting processes such as paraffin wax molding, mold making, paraffin wax removal, casting and post- Thereby contributing to the mass production and completion of the product resulting from the 3D printing mold and to shorten the time required for each process.
In addition, detailed conditions related to various processes are specifically suggested to induce differentiation from the prior art, and further clarification is given to the stepwise action to be performed. In particular, unlike the conventional method, a predetermined mold material is provided using a phosphate casting investment material The inner air permeability is ensured, so that it is expected that a better drying action such as shortening of drying time becomes possible.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, Should be clarified. Therefore, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
A product modeling review step of generating a target article through a 3D graphic design program and converting the generated data, repairing the defect, and transferring the final data;
Related data is transferred to a 3D printer to design a mold by 3D printing. Design is made considering the shrinkage rate of 3D printing mold, wax, and casting according to each material, and then automated preparation is performed under predetermined printing conditions. A mold making step in which a mold is formed;
A wax molding step obtained by melting the paraffin wax for casting while keeping the paraffin wax within the range of 85 to 95 ° C, dropping it on a 3D printing die, and naturally cooling it and dewaxing;
The wax moldings are placed in a support frame in which a hollow is formed, the mixed moldings are dropped, and the support frame is removed after the curing process. The bubbles generated during mixing are removed by a vacuum defoaming machine.
A wax removing step of removing the wax molding inside the mold by continuously feeding the mold to a dryer or a firing kiln and maintaining the temperature at 180 to 200 ° C;
A casting step of injecting a melt of a metal material into a mold from which a wax molding has been removed to cure it and suppressing bubbles generated when the melt is injected due to air suction;
And a post-treatment step in which the finished product is obtained by performing surface mapping after removing the mold.
Wherein the 3D printing die is made of a non-ferrous metal material in the mold making step.
Wherein the casting mold comprises a molding material for a phosphate casting in the mold making step.
Wherein the mold forming step comprises using a mold material obtained by mixing a molybdenum-based casting material, water, and a solution at a weight ratio of 10: 1: 1, as a base material.
Before the casting step after the wax removal step, a mold is placed in a high-temperature dryer and heated to 400 to 500 ° C. for 1 hour or longer to remove the paraffin wax remaining in the mold and to preheat the mold to a temperature suitable for casting A method of casting a roasted wax using a 3D printing mold comprising:
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Cited By (8)
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CN108927493A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-04 | 北京三未科技发展有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy electric automobile inner-cooled machine shell cast shaping process |
KR20190109666A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-09-26 | 가톨릭대학교 산학협력단 | Radiation shielding medical aids manufacturing method and radiation shielding medical aids by the method |
CN110819167A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-02-21 | 武汉绿之美铸造材料有限公司 | Ink for ink-jet 3D printer and manufacturing method thereof |
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KR102263436B1 (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-10 | 주식회사 위시스테크놀로지 | precision casting method for shell of internal passage |
KR20220157542A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-11-29 | 주식회사 이엠플러스정보기술 | Lm guide and manufacturing method thereof |
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KR20190109666A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-09-26 | 가톨릭대학교 산학협력단 | Radiation shielding medical aids manufacturing method and radiation shielding medical aids by the method |
CN108927493A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-04 | 北京三未科技发展有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy electric automobile inner-cooled machine shell cast shaping process |
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KR20220157542A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-11-29 | 주식회사 이엠플러스정보기술 | Lm guide and manufacturing method thereof |
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CN115889688A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-04-04 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Method for preventing foreign matters from entering inner cavity of hollow turbine blade |
CN115889688B (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2024-03-26 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Method for preventing foreign matters of hollow turbine blade from entering inner cavity |
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