KR20160066724A

KR20160066724A - Functional food composition for improving gastrointestinal function comprising glucosamine

Info

Publication number: KR20160066724A
Application number: KR1020140171849A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 성미경; 박주연
Original assignee: 숙명여자대학교산학협력단
Priority date: 2014-12-03
Filing date: 2014-12-03
Publication date: 2016-06-13

Abstract

The present invention relates to a functional food composition which comprises glucosamine, thereby maintaining balance of distribution of intestinal microbial flora and improving gastrointestinal malfunction such as constipation. The glucosamine of the present invention recovers changed distribution of intestinal microbial flora back to a normal level and improves clinical symptoms of various intestinal diseases in animal experiments, thereby being usefully used for improving intestinal functions such as preventing or alleviating constipation or diarrhea, etc.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a food composition for improving gastrointestinal function comprising glucosamine,

The present invention relates to a functional food composition containing glucosamine, which maintains a balanced distribution of intestinal microorganisms and has an effect of improving constipation-affecting function abnormality.

Glucosamine is one of the natural amino sugars that are contained in large quantities in the form of protein binding in human blood or mucus, and is widely known as a supplement to alleviate the symptoms of arthritis. Also, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2008-0035997 discloses a composition for treating atopic dermatitis, which comprises glucosamine or a derivative thereof, according to a Korean patent application Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1039360 discloses a composition for treating or preventing ischemic stroke comprising glucosamine as an active ingredient and a composition for preventing or treating ischemic stroke comprising glucosamine as an active ingredient, Respectively. In addition, various medical effects of glucosamine have been known, but the effect of intestinal microbial changes on the intestinal function is unknown. Intestinal microorganisms such as Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes are balanced in a healthy person's field to maintain the diversity of the microflora, but in the case of IBD patients, the proportion of intestinal microorganisms It is known that the abnormalities of the intestines are caused by changing and showing the imbalance. Accordingly, the inventors of the present invention confirmed that the glucosamine component can improve the intestinal function by normally restoring the intestinal microorganism distribution change, and the present invention has been completed.

1. Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2008-0035997 2. Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0104449

It is an object of the present invention to provide a functional food composition containing glucosamine and capable of restoring or improving intestinal function by maintaining intestinal microbial diversity.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a functional food composition for improving intestinal function comprising glucosamine as an active ingredient.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the composition recovers or maintains a distribution balance of intestinal microorganisms to a normal level.

In one embodiment of the invention, the intestinal microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of Bacteroidetes phylum, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria , which account for more than 90% of intestinal microflora. But are not limited to, for example, verrucomicrobia, Deferribacteres , Actinobacteria , Tenericus, and the like. And microorganisms belonging to Tenericutes and the like.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the intestinal microorganisms belonging to the bacteriodetestum are bacteroidia (Bacteroidia) Class, and the intestinal microorganisms belonging to the Parmic testis may belong to Clostridia (Clostridia), Eric Pelotriki (Erysipelotrichi) And Basilia (Bacilli), Wherein the intestinal microorganisms belonging to the proteobacteria gate are selected from the group consisting of delta proteobacteriaDeltaproteobacteria), Alpha proteobacteria (Alphaproteobacteria) And beta proteobacteria (BetaproteobacteriaBut not limited to, those selected from the group consisting of microorganisms belonging to the respective species.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the composition can ameliorate or prevent constipation or diarrhea by improving bowel function.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the composition may alleviate intestinal inflammatory response.

Glucosamine of the present invention has restored the intestinal microflora distribution to normal levels in animal experiments and has been shown to improve the clinical symptoms of various bowel diseases and thus to improve the function of preventing or alleviating constipation or diarrhea Can be usefully used.

FIG. 1A is a result of measuring the body weight of an animal model of colitis according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a result of measuring a colon length of an animal model of the animal.
FIG. 2 shows the result of measuring DAI change according to the glucosamine supplement of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows the results of measurement of changes in expression of glucosamine supplemented with TNF-α and IL-1β, which are typical inflammation indicators of colitis.
FIG. 4 shows the results of measurement of changes in expression due to glucosamine supplementation of MUC2 expressed in the intestinal mucosa and tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin affecting intestinal permeability.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in the concentration of CD14 in blood according to glucosamine supplementation. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of comparing the diversity of intestinal microflora using operational taxonomic units and the Shannon index.
FIG. 7 shows the results of analysis of changes in the distribution of fungi of Bacteroidetes , Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phylum according to administration of glucosamine.
Fig. 8 shows the result of analyzing the change of intestinal microflora in phylum unit.
9 (a) and 9 (b) are the results of analyzing changes in intestinal microflora in class units.
FIG. 10 shows the results of analysis of correlation between intestinal microflora and various biomarkers.

Glucosamine contained as an active ingredient in the functional food composition of the present invention maintains the distribution of intestinal microflora and exhibits an effect of alleviating intestinal dysfunction.

In an example of the present invention, 8-week-old C57BL / 6J mice were divided into a control diet (control diet), a DSS group (DSS + control diet) and glucosamine (DSS + glucosamine-containing diet). As a result, at the final time point, the body weight of the DSS group was significantly lower than that of the control group, but the glucosamine group was significantly increased in body weight as compared with the DSS group (FIG. 1A) But significantly increased in length compared to the DSS group by glucosamine supplementation (FIG. 1B). In addition, DAI (disease activity index) measurement reflecting the clinical signs of colitis, which is the dilution of the stool, blood weight, and stool weight, showed that DAI was significantly increased in the DSS group and glucosamine supplementation was significantly lowered (Fig. 2). In addition, TNF-α and IL-1β, which are typical inflammatory indicators of colitis, were significantly increased in the DSS group and 85% and 96%, respectively, by glucosamine supplementation (FIG. 3) And the tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin, which maintain proper intestinal permeability, were significantly decreased in the DSS group and increased in the glucosamine supplementation (Fig. 4). In addition, in order to demonstrate that intestinal inflow of LPS constituting the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria increases with increasing intestinal permeability, the concentration of CD14 in the blood was significantly increased in the DSS group as a result of measuring the CD14 of the LPS receptor, And was recovered to the control level by glucosamine supplementation (Fig. 5).

In addition, the influence of glucosamine on intestinal microbial distribution was analyzed. In the analysis of intestinal microflora diversity using operational taxonomic unit and Shannon index, DSS group showed significant difference in microbial species diversity compared to control group However, it was confirmed that the glucosamine supplement effectively restored the diversity of microorganism species (Fig. 6). Bacteroidetes were increased by 61% and Firmicutes were decreased by 66% in the DSS group, whereas Bacteroidetes were decreased by 17% in the glucosamine group and Bacteroidetes were decreased in the phylum group compared to the DSS group. And the Firmicutes were increased by 68% (Figs. 7 and 8). In the lower level class, it belongs to the Bacteroidetes Bacteroidia was increased by 61% in the DSS group, Clostridia was decreased by 68% in the Firmicutes , while Bacteroidia was decreased by 17% in the glucosamine supplement group. Clostridia Respectively. In addition, Deltaproteobacteria belonging to Proteobacteria were decreased by 82% in the DSS group compared to the control group, but increased by 3.35-fold in the glucosamine group compared to the DSS group (FIG. 9A). Bacteroidetes were correlated with tight junction proteins, ZO-1 and occludin, and showed a positive correlation with CD14 expression. On the other hand, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were positively correlated with ZO-1 (Fig. 10).

These results suggest that glucosamine induces intestinal microfloral changes in DSS-induced colitis changes, thereby restoring increased intestinal permeability and alleviating the inflammatory response, leading to constipation or diarrhea caused by changes in microbial distribution or inflammation Can be prevented or improved.

Therefore, the present invention can provide a functional food composition for improving intestinal function comprising glucosamine as an active ingredient. The term " functional food " means a food in which the intestinal function is improved by oral ingestion. The term " improvement in intestinal function " is intended to mean a change in intestinal microorganism distribution, Constipation, diarrhea, and so on.

The food may be prepared in various forms for easy ingestion, such as powder, granules, tablets, capsules, liquids, gels, aqueous dispersions, cooking oil solutions, etc., and may contain carriers and / . &Lt; / RTI > Examples of the carrier used in the powder, tablet, and capsule include dextrin, cyclodextrin, potato starch, corn starch, lactose and the like. Examples of carriers used in the gel include gelatin, agar, guar gum, gum arabic and konnyaku mannan. The water used for the aqueous dispersion is not particularly limited, and hot springs and deep sea water can be used, and saccharides, amino acids, inorganic salts, juice, carbonic acid water or emulsifiers can also be contained. The edible oil used in the edible oil solution is not particularly limited, and soybean oil, vegetable oil, olive oil, sesame oil, safflower oil, wheat germ oil and the like can be used.

There is no limitation on the kind of the food. Examples of the food include, but are not limited to, beverage, confectionery, sugar, ice cream, milk product, meat product, fish product, tofu, ginger, edible oil, noodles, Food, ice, ginseng products, kimchi pickles, dried foods, and other foods. In addition, the food may be in the form of a flavoring agent such as a bactericide, a spice, a seasoning agent, various nutrients, vitamins, minerals (electrolytes), synthetic flavors and natural flavors, a coloring agent and a thickening agent, a pectic acid and its salt, Organic acids, protective colloid thickeners, pH adjusting agents, stabilizers, preservatives, carbonates used in glycerin, alcohols, carbonated drinks, and the like. The food additive may be added by way of immersion, spraying or mixing in food, and the general addition rate is in the range of 0 to about 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the food composition. The food composition may further contain phosphate or polyphenols such as citric acid, fumaric acid, adipic acid, lactic acid, and malic acid, organic acids such as sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, acid pyrophosphate and polyphosphate (polymerized phosphate), catechin, - tocopherol, various plant extracts, chitosan, tannic acid, phytic acid, and the like. The food composition may contain various flavors or natural carbohydrates as an additional ingredient in addition to the glucosamine of the present invention as an essential ingredient. Examples of flavorings include natural flavors such as tau martin and stevia extract, and synthetic flavors such as saccharin and aspartame. Examples of natural carbohydrates include monosaccharides such as glucose and fructose, maltose, sucrose, etc. Sugar, such as disaccharide, polysaccharide, dextrin and cyclodextrin, and sugar alcohols such as xylitol and sorbitol.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. These examples are for further illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

< Example 1>

Animal test method

8 weeks old male C57BL / 6J mice were purchased, and a total of three groups of control diet, DSS group (Control diet + DSS) and glucosamine supplement group (0.1% glucosamine supplement diet + DSS) And a fresh experimental diet was given every 2 to 3 days. One week after the start of the diet, drinking water containing 2% DSS was fed to the DSS and glucosamine supplements for 5 days, followed by a week of recovery and 2% DSS drinking water for 5 days to induce colitis.

The animals' body weight and disease activity index score were measured daily from the point of providing 2% DSS drinking water. All animals were sacrificed prior to sacrifice and immediately frozen with liquid nitrogen and stored at -80 ° C Lt; / RTI > At the end of the second 2% DSS drinking water supply, all animals were sacrificed and tissues such as blood, liver, and large intestine were collected. Blood was centrifuged at 1,550 × g for 20 minutes, serum was separated and stored at -80 ° C., and stored at -80 ° C. until analysis of tissues such as liver and colon. Some of the colon tissues were stored in 10% formalin for tissue staining.

Statistical analysis

Statistical analysis was performed using the SAS package (9.3, SAS Institute Inc., NC, USA) and the data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. One-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple test were used to analyze the statistical differences between groups, and P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

< Example 2>

Glucosamine-mediated improvement of bowel function

<2-1> Colon length and weight measurement

In the colitis model, the length of the colon is used as an indicator to visually measure the incidence of colitis, and it is known that the colon length of the colitis-producing animal is shortened. The length of the colonic length was significantly shorter in the DSS group induced by colitis than in the control group, and the length was significantly increased by glucosamine supplementation compared to the DSS group 1b).

Also, at the final time point, the body weight of the animal model was significantly decreased in the DSS group compared to the control group, and the glucosamine group was significantly increased compared to the DSS group (Fig. 1A).

<2-2> Measurement of disease activity index (DAI)

Disease activity index (DAI) is a method of scoring symptoms due to DSS causing acute colitis. Starting from the time of providing DSS, Was measured and checked. The DAI calculation method is shown in Table 1. Weight loss was assessed by checking the body weight change according to the days before the DSS was provided.

The Disease activity index score parameters Stool consistency Bleeding Weight loss Maximum score 0 = formed 0 = normal color stool 0 = no weight loss 10 1 = mild-soft 1 = brown color stool 1 = 1-5% weight loss 2 = very soft 2 = reddish color stool 2 = 5-10% weight loss 3 = watery stool 3 = bloody stool 3 = 10-20% weight loss 4 => 20% weight loss

DAI measurements showed that DAI was significantly increased in the DSS group and glucosamine supplementation was significantly lowered (Fig. 2), indicating that glucosamine can improve the clinical symptoms of suicide and colitis.

<2-3> Inflammatory index and intestinal permeability measurement of colitis

Experimental Method

Real-time quantitative PCR analysis was performed as follows. RNA extracted from Trizol in the colonic tissues of animals was converted into cDNA using cDNA synthesis kit (PhileKorea Technology, Seoul, Korea). Real-time PCR analysis was performed using the synthesized cDNA and primers for each gene and the expression of the selected gene was quantitated. Real-time PCR was performed using a QuantiMix SYBR Kit (PhileKorea Technology, Seoul, Korea) and a 7500 Fast Real Time PCR system (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). Real-time PCR was carried out at 95 ° C for 15 minutes, followed by the first cycle at 94 ° C for 15 seconds, 60 ° C for 30 seconds, and 72 ° C for 30 seconds. This was repeated 39 more times, followed by 72 ° C for 5 minutes, Respectively.

Western blot analysis was performed as follows. Proteins were extracted from the colonic tissues of animals using PRO-PREP protein extraction solution (Intron Biotechnology, Gyeonggi, Korea). The amount of extracted protein was determined by Bradford method using Bio-RAD protein assay reagent (Bio-RAD, CA, USA). All protein samples were quantified as 50 μg, separated by 6% SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) and transferred to a PVDF membrane. The membrane was blocked with 2% skim milk, and pAMPK (dilution factor of 1: 1,000, cell signaling, MA, USA), AMPK (dilution factor of 1: 1,000, (1: 1,000, cell signaling, MA, USA) and ACC (dilution factor of 1: 1,000, Cell signaling, MA, USA) The membranes are washed with PBS / Tween 20 (PBST), and the reacted bands are visualized using ECL (enhanced chemiluminescence). The visualized bands are identified using LAS 3000 (Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan) and the bands are quantitated using the Quantity One program (Bio-Rad Laboratories Ins., CA, USA).

To determine the serum LPS concentration, serum CD14, an LPS receptor, was measured according to the method described in the ELISA kit (Cell sciences, Inc., MA, USA).

Experiment result

Tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-1β (interleukin-1β), which are typical inflammatory markers of colitis, were significantly increased in the DSS group compared to the control group and decreased by 85% and 96%, respectively, by glucosamine supplementation (Fig. 3).

In addition, the tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin, which affect MUC2 and intestinal permeability, were significantly decreased in the DSS group and increased in the glucosamine supplementation group compared to the DSS group (Fig. 4) .

As the intestinal permeability increased, the intestinal inflow of LPS constituting the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria was increased, and the concentration of CD14 in the blood was significantly increased in the DSS group, and it was confirmed that it was restored to the control level by the supplement of glucosamine (Fig. 5 ).

< Example 3>

Glucosamine-induced changes in intestinal microbial distribution

DNA was isolated from the four feces samples of each experimental group and microbial community analysis was performed. Metagenomic DNA was isolated using the QIAamp DNA Stool mini kit (Qiagen, NetheraCons), amplified using primers and PCR targeting the V1 and V3 hypervariable regions, and the DNA sequences were analyzed for the presence of dietary and colitis Were compared between the intestinal flora. The analysis of microorganisms was carried out using the EzTaxon-e database (Kim et al. 2012; http://eztaxon-e.ezbiocloud.net/).

As a result of comparing the diversity of intestinal microflora using operational taxonomic unit and Shannon index, the diversity of microbial species was significantly decreased in DSS group compared with the control group, and by glucosamine supplementation It was confirmed that the diversity of the microorganism species was effectively restored (FIG. 6).

Bacteroidetes , Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phylum (Phylum) occupy more than 90% of the intestinal microflora, and the distribution of these microflora is compared in the sentinel unit. As a result, Bacteroidetes were increased by 61% and Firmicutes by 66% in the DSS group. On the other hand, in the glucosamine group, Bacteroidetes decreased by 17% and Firmicutes increased by 68% as compared to the DSS group (FIGS. 7 and 8). In addition, analysis of the lower level of the river (class) than the door, belonging to Bacteroidetes doors Bacteroidia was increased by 61% in the DSS group, Clostridia was decreased by 68% in the Firmicutes , whereas Bacteroidia was decreased by 17% in the glucosamine supplement group. Clostridia And 75%, respectively. Deltaproteobacteria belonging to Proteobacteria were decreased by 82% in the DSS group compared to the control group, but increased by 3.35-fold in the glucosamine group as compared with the DSS group (FIG. 9). As a result of comparing the similarity of microorganisms among the groups, 94.8% of the control group, 99.71% of the glucosamine group and 78.74% of the DSS group and 92.27% of the glucosamine group were in the control level and DSS group, (See Table 2 and Table 3).

Microflora changes at the lower level of phylum (1) Control DSS Glucossamine Phylum Bacteroidetes 42.08 ± 2.86 ^b 67.9 ± 7.19 ^a 56.31 ± 6.76 ^ab Firmicutes 36.45 + 5.03 ^a 12.21 + 1.44 ^b 20.57 ± 4.48 ^b Proteobacteria 14.85 + - 6.50 13.58 + - 5.50 19.22 + - 6.50 Verrucomicrobia 4.36 ± 6.35 0.00 ± 0.00 1.47 ± 0.70 Deferribacteres 1.66 ± 0.86 1.54 + 1.01 2.34 ± 2.14 Cyanobacteria 0.38 + 0.39 4.72 ± 9.44 0.00 ± 0.00 Tenericutes 0.18 + 0.04 ^a 0.02 ± 0.05 ^b 0.07 ± 0.03 ^b Actinobacteria 0.04 0.03 0.01 ± 0.01 0.01 ± 0.01 Streptophyta 0.00 ± 0.01 0.00 ± 0.00 0.00 ± 0.00

Microflora changes at the lower level of phylum, class, genes, and species (2) Control DSS Glucossamine Class Bacteroidia 42.08 ± 5.74 ^b 67.91 ± 14.39 ^a 56.32 ± 13.52 ^ab Clostridia 36.28 ± 10.05 ^a 11.53 ± 2.92 ^b 20.24 ± 9.00 ^b Deltaproteobacteria 14.65 ± 6.45 ^a 2.49 ± 1.16 ^b 8.84 ± 5.28 ^ab Gammaproteobacteria 0.05 ± 0.05 ^b 7.01 + - 4.44 ^a 8.82 ± 2.21 ^a Verrucomicrobiae 4.36 ± 6.35 0.00 ± 0.00 1.47 ± 0.70 Deferribacteres_c 1.66 ± 0.86 1.54 + 1.01 2.34 ± 2.14 Vampirovibrio_c 0.38 + 0.39 4.72 ± 9.44 0.00 ± 0.00 Betaproteobacteria 0.16 ± 0.20 ^c 2.72 ± 0.64 ^a 1.56 ± 0.58 ^b Alphaproteobacteria 0.00 ± 0.00 1.35 ± 2.69 0.01 ± 0.01 Erysipelotrichi 0.13 0.09 ^b 0.67 ± 0.51 ^a 0.28 ± 0.10 ^ab Mollicutes 0.18 + 0.04 ^a 0.02 ± 0.05 ^b 0.07 ± 0.03 ^b Bacilli 0.04 0.03 0.01 ± 0.02 0.05 ± 0.05 Coriobacteriia 0.03 0.02 0.01 ± 0.01 0.01 ± 0.01

Microflora changes at the lower level of phylum (3) Control DSS Glucossamine Genus Bacteroides 19.82 ± 4.36 ^b 63.97 ± 14.31 ^a 45.50 ± 15.57 ^a DQ815907_g 14.47 ± 6.38 ^a 2.46 ± 1.15 ^b 8.75 ± 5.20 ^ab Escherichia 0.03 0.05 ^b 6.53 + 4.03 ^a 8.49 + - 2.31 ^a Pseudoflavonifractor 5.29 ± 1.54 ^a 1.10 0.30 ^b 3.76 ± 1.81 ^a Alloprevotella 8.87 ± 6.08 ^a 0.14 + 0.15 ^b 1.12 ± 1.39 ^b Oscillibacter 4.60 ± 0.97 ^a 2.21 ± 1.94 ^b 2.45 ± 0.98 ^ab DQ789121_g 4.12 ± 2.70 1.19 ± 1.56 1.78 ± 0.86 Akkermansia 4.35 ± 6.35 0.00 ± 0.00 1.47 ± 0.70 Mucispirillum 1.66 ± 0.86 1.54 + 1.01 2.33 ± 2.13

Microflora changes at the lower level of phylum (4) Control DSS Glucossamine Species Bacteroides acidifaciens 2.24 ± 1.30 ^b 40.61 ± 16.32 ^a 29.68 ± 10.61 ^a Bacteroides sartorii 14.36 ± 3.49 ^a 15.56 ± 6.86 ^a 1.29 + 0.83 ^b EF096080_s 14.28 ± 6.30 ^a 2.43 ± 1.14 ^b 8.63 ± 5.10 ^ab Escherichia coli group 0.03 0.05 ^b 6.45 ± 3.95 ^a 8.42 ± 2.29 ^a EF604598_s 1.47 ± 1.12 ^b 2.57 ± 2.96 ^b 8.66 ± 4.16 ^a EF097240_s 8.75 ± 6.00 ^a 0.14 + 0.15 ^b 1.11 ± 1.40 ^b Bacteroides_uc 0.78 ± 0.38 ^b 4.17 ± 1.26 ^a 2.74 ± 1.22 ^a Akkermansia muciniphila 4.34 ± 6.32 0.00 ± 0.00 1.45 ± 0.71 Mucispirillum schaedleri 1.66 ± 0.86 1.54 ± 1.00 2.33 ± 2.14

In addition, Bacteroidetes showed a positive correlation with tight junction proteins, ZO-1 and occludin, and positive correlations with CD14 expression, as a result of the correlation between intestinal microflora and biomarker , Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were positively correlated with ZO-1 (Fig. 10).

In addition, Mucin is a glycoprotein that plays a role in protecting mucous membranes from mucous membrane secreted from the mucous membranes. Glucosamine of the present invention is a precursor of mucin that plays a role as such. When glucosamine is supplied as a dietary supplement, mucin The expression of Mucin prevented the intestinal proteins ZO-1 and occludin from being damaged. This suppressed the imbalance of intestinal microorganisms induced by intestinal abnormalities. In addition, mucin and preserved intestinal mucosa expressed by the glucosamine supply of the present invention constitute the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, and it was shown that toxic LPS enters the intestines and inhibits increase of inflammation.

As a result, the glucosamine of the present invention can prevent constipation or diarrhea by improving intestinal microfloral changes in the intestinal microfloral model to restore the collapsed intestinal wall, alleviate the inflammatory reaction, and improve abnormal suicidal action Lt; / RTI >

The present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments should be considered in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all differences within the scope of equivalents thereof should be construed as being included in the present invention.

Claims

A functional food composition for improving intestinal function comprising glucosamine as an active ingredient.

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein said composition maintains a distribution balance of intestinal microorganisms.

3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the intestinal microorganism is any one or more microorganisms selected from the group consisting of microorganisms belonging to bacteria such as Bacteroidetes , Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phylum.

The method of claim 3,
The intestinal microflora is teroyi Dia foil (Bacteroidia), Clostridia (Clostridia) and deltaproteobacteria (Deltaproteobacteria) composition, characterized in that any one or more microorganisms selected from the group consisting of microorganisms belonging to the steel (class).

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the composition improves the rectal action to reduce or prevent constipation or diarrhea.

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein said composition alleviates intestinal inflammatory response.

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the composition increases the expression of mucin in the intestinal mucosa and inhibits damage to the intestinal membrane proteins ZO-1 and occludin.