KR20120082528A - The compost method used of fallen leaves and food waste - Google Patents
The compost method used of fallen leaves and food waste Download PDFInfo
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- KR20120082528A KR20120082528A KR20110003829A KR20110003829A KR20120082528A KR 20120082528 A KR20120082528 A KR 20120082528A KR 20110003829 A KR20110003829 A KR 20110003829A KR 20110003829 A KR20110003829 A KR 20110003829A KR 20120082528 A KR20120082528 A KR 20120082528A
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 낙엽 및 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 퇴비 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 처리가 곤란한 낙엽과 생활 음식물쓰레기를 수거하고 자연친화적인 발효처리과정을 거쳐 우수한 품질의 퇴비로 제조함에 따라, 생활쓰레기의 처리효율을 높이고 자원재활용을 통한 친환경적 유기성 퇴비로 제조할 수 있는 낙엽 및 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 퇴비 제조방법에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing compost using deciduous leaves and food waste, and collects deciduous leaves and daily food waste which are difficult to process, and manufactures them with excellent quality compost through a natural-friendly fermentation process, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of household waste. The present invention relates to a compost manufacturing method using deciduous and food waste that can be produced with environmentally friendly organic compost by increasing the resource recycling.
일반적으로 가을철에 다량으로 발생하는 낙엽은 정서를 풍요롭지만 청소가 까다롭고 처리하는데에도 많은 노동력을 필요로 하고 퇴비로 제조하는데 오랜기간이 소요되었다. 이와 함께 날이 갈수록 증가하는 생활 음식물쓰레기 또한 처리하는 데에 막대한 노동력과 처리비용이 소요되고 있는 실정이다. 특히 국내의 폐기물처리가 대부분 매립처리에 의존하는 실정으로 먹고 남은 음식을 그대로 버리면 비위생적인 처리로 인해 생활환경을 더욱 악화시키게 됨으로 다양한 분야에서 지속적인 처리방안을 모색중이며 시급한 개선을 필요로 하고 있다. In general, large amounts of deciduous leaves in autumn are rich in emotion, but difficult to clean, require a lot of labor to process, and take a long time to produce as compost. Along with this, the daily food waste, which is increasing day by day, also requires enormous labor and disposal costs. In particular, since domestic waste treatment mostly relies on landfill treatment, discarding leftover food as it is, it is worsening the living environment due to unsanitary treatment, and is seeking continuous treatment plans in various fields and needs urgent improvement.
여기서 상기와 같은 음식물쓰레기 및 낙엽을 이용하여 재활용성 퇴비에 관한 종래의 기술을 간략하게 살펴보면, 아래 선행기술의 국내등록특허 제10-0953775호의 '음식물쓰레기를 이용한 퇴비 제조방법' 또는 국내등록특허 제10-0974087호의 '낙엽을 이용한 퇴비 및 이의 제조방법' 등이 있으며, 이에 관한 구체적인 설명은 생략하기로 한다. 하지만 그 제조과정이 복잡하고 까다로워 음식물쓰레기 처리효율성 및 퇴비 제조효율성이 떨어지며, 퇴비의 유기물 함량 및 품질이 저하되고, 생산비용이 증가하는 등 비효율적인 문제점이 있었다.Here, a brief look at the conventional technology related to recyclable compost by using the food waste and leaves as described above, 'compost manufacturing method using food waste' or domestic registered patent No. 10-0953775 of the prior art below 10-0974087, 'compost using the leaves and manufacturing method thereof, and the like, and the detailed description thereof will be omitted. However, the manufacturing process is complicated and difficult to reduce the food waste treatment efficiency and compost manufacturing efficiency, the organic matter content and quality of the compost is deteriorated, there is an inefficient problem such as increased production cost.
본 발명은 낙엽과 음식물쓰레기를 일정비율로 반복적으로 적재하고 일정기간 동안의 발효 내지는 소독, 부숙 등의 과정을 거쳐 우수한 품질의 퇴비로 손쉽게 제조할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 점차 늘어나는 음식물쓰레기는 물론 낙엽을 동시에 효율적으로 처리할 수 있도록 하는 낙엽 및 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 퇴비 제조방법을 제공하는 데에 그 목적이 있다.
The present invention is repeatedly loaded with deciduous leaves and food waste at a predetermined rate and can be easily produced with excellent quality compost through a process such as fermentation, disinfection, and housekeeping for a certain period of time, as well as increasing food waste as well as deciduous leaves At the same time, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing compost using fallen leaves and food waste that can be efficiently processed.
본 발명은 낙엽 및 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 퇴비 제조방법에 있어서, 바닥에 전개한 비닐 위에 낙엽층과 음식물쓰레기층를 번갈아가며 일정비율로 적층한 조성물을 비닐로 감싸서 밀봉시키는 조성단계와; 상기의 조성물을 5~10일간 자연발효시키는 1차 발효단계와; 상기 조성물에 석회를 투입하여 유해균을 소독하는 소독단계와; 상기의 조성물이 1개월 이상 더 발효하여 부식토로 2차 발효시키는 부숙단계와; 상기와 같이 부숙된 부식토를 섞어 혼합시키는 배합단계로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 낙엽 및 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 퇴비 제조방법을 제안한다.The present invention provides a compost manufacturing method using deciduous leaves and food waste, comprising: a composition step of wrapping the composition of the deciduous layer and the food waste layer alternately laminated on the vinyl on the floor and wrapping the composition laminated with a predetermined ratio with vinyl; A first fermentation step of naturally fermenting the composition for 5 to 10 days; A disinfection step of disinfecting harmful bacteria by adding lime to the composition; A fermentation step of the composition further fermented for at least one month and then fermented secondly with humus soil; It proposes a compost manufacturing method using the deciduous and food waste, characterized in that the mixing step of mixing and mixing the aged humus as described above.
바람직하게는 본 발명의 상기의 1차 발효단계는 미생물 발효촉진제를 투입하는 것을 특징으로 한다.Preferably, the first fermentation step of the present invention is characterized in that the microbial fermentation promoter.
바람직하게는 본 발명의 상기 낙엽층은 톱밥을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.
Preferably the deciduous layer of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises sawdust.
본 발명은 주로 가을철에 대량으로 발생하는 낙엽과 함께 처리가 곤란한 음식물쓰레기를 재활용해서 양분의 함유량이 높은 유기성 퇴비를 제조할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 자연친화적인 퇴비로 식물에 필요한 양분을 충분히 공급하고 생장발육에 탁월한 도움을 주며, 토양오염을 방지하는 등의 효과를 제공하며, 낙엽과 음식물쓰레기의 막대한 처리비용을 절감할 수 있는 등의 경제적인 효과를 제공한다.
The present invention can not only produce organic compost with high content of nutrients by recycling food waste, which is difficult to process with leaves that are generated in large quantities in autumn, but also supply and grow nutrients necessary for plants with natural compost. It provides excellent support for development, prevents soil pollution, and provides economic effects such as reducing the enormous disposal cost of fallen leaves and food waste.
도 1은 본 발명에 따라 낙엽과 음식물쓰레기가 일정비율로 적층된 상태를 나타낸 도면.
도 2는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예에 따른 낙엽 및 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 퇴비 제조방법의 흐름도.1 is a view showing a state in which deciduous leaves and food waste stacked in a certain ratio according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a flow chart of the compost manufacturing method using deciduous and food waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.
이하 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예에 따른 낙엽 및 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 퇴비 제조방법을 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명한다. Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing compost using fallen leaves and food waste according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
본 발명은, 낙엽 및 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 퇴비 제조방법에 있어서, 바닥에 전개한 비닐(V) 위에 낙엽층(L)과 음식물쓰레기층(W)을 번갈아가며 일정비율로 적층한 조성물을 비닐(V)로 감싸서 밀봉시키는 조성단계(S1)와; 상기의 조성물을 5~10일간 자연발효시키는 1차 발효단계(S2)와; 상기 조성물에 석회를 투입하여 유해균을 소독하는 소독단계(S3)와; 상기의 조성물이 1개월 이상 더 발효하여 부식토로 2차 발효시키는 부숙단계(S4)와; 상기와 같이 부숙된 부식토를 섞어 혼합시키는 배합단계(S5)로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.
The present invention, in the compost manufacturing method using the deciduous leaves and food waste, vinyl (V) a composition in which the deciduous layer (L) and the food waste layer (W) alternately laminated on the vinyl (V) developed on the floor alternately A composition step of wrapping and sealing with (S1); Primary fermentation step (S2) and the natural fermentation of the composition for 5 to 10 days; Disinfection step (S3) to disinfect harmful bacteria by adding lime to the composition; A fermentation step (S4) of the composition further fermented for at least one month and then fermented with humus soil; Characterized in that it consists of a mixing step (S5) to mix and mix the ripened humus as described above.
위를 더욱 자세하게 설명하면 다음과 같다.The above is described in more detail as follows.
본 발명은 각지에서 모여진 낙엽(L)과 음식물쓰레기(W)는 별도의 장소에 모아서 준비한 후, 바닥에 비닐(V)을 깔고 그 위에 낙엽과 음식물쓰레기를 번갈아가며 일정한 비율로 층층이 쌓아 반복적으로 적층한 조성물(10)을 조성한다.(S1) 이때 맨 아래층과 위층에는 낙엽층이 위치하도록 조성하는 것이 바람직하며, 상기의 조성물을 비닐로 전체적으로 감싸서 밀봉한다. 그리고 상기 조성물은 지중에 구덩이를 파거나 또는 소정의 저장용기에 담아 두는 것이 바람직하다. The present invention is prepared by collecting the fallen leaves (L) and food waste (W) gathered in a separate place, laying the vinyl (V) on the floor and alternating leaves and food waste on the floor alternately stacked at a constant rate. A
한편 시기적으로 볼 때, 낙엽이 많은 가을철에 퇴비를 제조하게 됨으로, 동절기에는 부직포나 멍석 등의 보온재(C)를 덮어 온도를 유지하는 것이 바람직하다.On the other hand, since the timing of the production of compost in the fall season when there are many leaves, it is preferable to maintain the temperature by covering the heat insulating material (C) such as non-woven fabric or dull in winter.
여기서 본 발명에 따르면 상기 낙엽층(L)은 톱밥을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 보다 구체적으로 상기의 톱밥을 낙엽과 함께 적정비율로 혼합함에 있어서, 조성물의 아래층으로 갈수록 톱밥의 량이 증가하도록 혼합비율을 조성하게 되며, 가장 저층의 낙엽층(La)에는 톱밥을 절반 이상으로 낙엽에 혼합하는 것이 바람직하다. 이는 상기의 톱밥이 음식물쓰레기에 포함되어 있는 염도를 감소시키게 되는데, 음식물쓰레기의 수분 즉, 침출수가 조성물의 아래층으로 흘러 모이기 때문에 저층 낙엽으로 갈수록 톱밥의 비중을 증가시켜 염도를 낮추고 낙엽과 함께 미생물의 생식환경을 안정화시켜 발효 및 부숙을 활성화시킬 수 있게 되는 것이다. According to the present invention, the deciduous layer (L) is characterized in that it comprises sawdust. More specifically, in mixing the sawdust with the deciduous leaves at an appropriate ratio, the mixing ratio is formed so that the amount of sawdust increases as the lower layer of the composition increases, and the sawdust is mixed in the deciduous layer (La) at least half with the deciduous leaves. It is desirable to. This reduces the salinity of the sawdust contained in the food waste, because the moisture of the food waste, that is, leachate flows to the lower layer of the composition, the specific gravity of the sawdust increases as the leaves fall to lower layers and the salinity decreases, It will be able to activate fermentation and maturation by stabilizing the reproductive environment.
상기의 조성물의 낙엽층(L)은 잡초, 볏짚, 작물줄기 등과 같은 건초(乾草)를 포함하며, 이역시도 상기의 톱밥과 같은 작용을 한다. The deciduous layer (L) of the composition includes hay (乾草), such as weeds, rice straw, crop stem, etc., and also works like the sawdust.
이후 상기의 조성물은 5~10일 동안 보관함에 따라, 박테리아 같은 미생물의 작용으로 유기성 조성물이 자체적으로 발효가 진행되게 한다.(S2) Since the composition is stored for 5 to 10 days, the organic composition itself to the fermentation proceeds by the action of microorganisms, such as bacteria. (S2)
이때 본 발명에 따르면, 상기의 1차 발효단계(S2)는 미생물 발효촉진제를 투입하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 즉 상기 조성물에 효모균, 유산균 등의 발효촉진제를 별도로 투입함으로써, 조성물이 미생물에 의해 분해되면서 발효를 촉진할 수 있게 되며, 발효 및 제조기간을 단축할 수 있게 된다.At this time, according to the present invention, the first fermentation step (S2) is characterized in that the microbial fermentation promoter. That is, by separately adding fermentation promoters such as yeast, lactic acid bacteria, etc. to the composition, it is possible to promote the fermentation while the composition is decomposed by the microorganism, it is possible to shorten the fermentation and production period.
다음 상기 조성물에는 발효에 유효한 효모, 박테리아 등의 미생물과 함께 유해한 세균 및 해충이 발생함으로 상기 조성물에 석회를 투입하여 유해균을 살균 및 소독한다.(S3) 이때 비닐을 개봉하여 불순한 발효가스를 배출하고 조성물에 산소를 충분히 공급하여 발효율을 높인다. 상기 석회(석회질소)는 사이안아마이드화칼슘를 주성분으로 하는 질소비료로 토양을 중화하는데 널리 사용되며, 상기 조성물의 살충 및 살균작용을 하게 된다.Next, the composition generates harmful bacteria and pests along with microorganisms such as yeast and bacteria that are effective for fermentation, so that lime is added to the composition to sterilize and disinfect harmful bacteria. (S3) At this time, the vinyl is opened to discharge impure fermentation gas. Enough oxygen is supplied to the composition to increase the efficiency. The lime (lime nitrogen) is widely used to neutralize the soil with nitrogen fertilizer containing calcium cyanide as a main component, and the insecticidal and bactericidal action of the composition.
다음 상기 부숙단계(S4)에서는 상기의 조성물이 1개월 이상 더 발효하여 부식토로 부숙(腐熟)시키는 2차 발효과정을 거친다. 이에 따라, 완전히 발효되어 낙엽 및 음식물쓰레기에 의한 환경친화적인 식물성 부식질이 20%이상 섞인 비옥한 부식토로 제조된다. 상기의 부숙단계는 1개월 이상 3개월 미만의 기간 동안 부숙시키는 것이 가장 바람직한데, 이는 조성물의 발효 및 부숙기간이 1개월 미만이면 낙엽이나 음식물쓰레기의 분해가 미비하여 퇴비로 사용하기 미흡하며, 부숙기간이 3개월을 넘기더라도 더 이상의 부숙효과나 퇴비의 품질향상은 기대하기 어려움으로 무의미하다. 이렇게 제조된 부식토 즉, 퇴비는 오랜 기간 동안 보관이 가능하며, 농가, 과수원, 화훼농가 등 필요용도에 따라 사용된다.Next, the maturation step (S4) is subjected to a secondary fermentation process in which the composition is further fermented for at least one month to mature with humus. Accordingly, it is fermented completely and made of fertile humus containing 20% or more of environmentally friendly vegetable humus caused by litter and food waste. It is most preferable that the above-mentioned maturation stage is at least one month and less than three months, and when the fermentation and maturation period of the composition is less than one month, the decomposition of deciduous leaves or food waste is insufficient, and it is insufficient to be used as compost. Even if the period is over three months, further housing effects and quality improvement of compost are meaningless because it is difficult to expect. The manufactured humus, that is, compost can be stored for a long time and is used according to the needs of farms, orchards, flower farms, and the like.
이때 상기의 조성물이 부식토로 부숙되는 단계에는 지렁이를 투입함에 따라, 지렁이에 의해 퇴비가 더욱 비옥해지고 토질(품질)을 좋게 한다. At this time, as the composition is housed in the humus soil, as the earthworm is added, the compost is more fertile by the earthworm and improves the soil quality.
상기와 같이 부숙이 완료된 부식토를 섞어 혼합시키는 배합단계를 거쳐 퇴비가 완성된다.(S5) 상기와 같이 제조된 퇴비는 낙엽층 및 음식물쓰레기층의 층간 경계가 발효 및 부숙되는 과정에서 사라져 섞이지만, 상기의 부식토는 양분이나 수분이 고르게 분포하고 있지 않음으로 부식토를 재차 배합하여 분쇄함으로써, 골고루 섞어 토질(품질)을 균일하게 하는 것이다.(S6)Composting is completed through a mixing step of mixing and mixing the completed humus as described above. (S5) The compost prepared as described above disappears during the process of fermentation and maturation of the deciduous layer and the food waste layer, but is mixed. The soil is not evenly distributed in nutrients and water, so that the soil is re-mixed and crushed so that the soil is evenly mixed (S6).
상기와 같이 제조된 낙엽 및 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 퇴비는 용량별로 구분된 포대에 일정량씩 나누어 담아 포장단위로 공급하게 된다.(S7)Compost using the deciduous leaves and food waste produced as described above is supplied to the packaging unit by dividing a predetermined amount in a bag divided by capacity. (S7)
이처럼 본 발명의 낙엽 및 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 퇴비 제조방법은 퇴비 처리기간이 장기간 소요되는 낙엽과 음식물쓰레기를 함께 부숙시킴에 따라, 음식물쓰레기에서 발생하는 침출수가 낙엽과 함께 미생물의 안정적인 생식환경을 조성하여 활성화되어 발효 및 부숙기간을 단축하고 양분이 풍부한 유기성 퇴비로 제조할 수 있게 된다.
As described above, the method for manufacturing compost using the deciduous leaves and food waste according to the present invention combines the deciduous leaves and food waste with a long time of composting treatment, thereby creating a stable reproductive environment of microorganisms together with the deciduous water from the food waste. It can be activated to shorten fermentation and maturation periods and to produce nutrient-rich organic compost.
L:낙옆층 C:보온재 V:비닐 W:음식물쓰레기층L: Lacquer layer C: Insulation material V: Vinyl W: Food waste layer
Claims (3)
바닥에 전개한 비닐(V) 위에 낙엽층(L)과 음식물쓰레기층(W)를 번갈아가며 일정비율로 적층한 조성물을 비닐(V)로 감싸서 밀봉시키는 조성단계(S1)와;
상기의 조성물을 5~10일간 자연발효시키는 1차 발효단계(S2)와;
상기 조성물에 석회를 투입하여 유해균을 소독하는 소독단계(S3)와;
상기의 조성물이 1개월 이상 더 발효하여 부식토로 2차 발효시키는 부숙단계(S4)와;
상기와 같이 부숙된 부식토를 섞어 혼합시키는 배합단계(S5)로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 낙엽 및 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 퇴비 제조방법.
In the compost manufacturing method using fallen leaves and food waste,
A composition step (S1) of wrapping the composition of the deciduous layer (L) and the food waste layer (W) alternately on the vinyl (V) developed on the bottom by wrapping the composition laminated with a predetermined ratio with vinyl (V);
Primary fermentation step (S2) and the natural fermentation of the composition for 5 to 10 days;
Disinfection step (S3) to disinfect harmful bacteria by adding lime to the composition;
A fermentation step (S4) of the composition further fermented for at least one month and then fermented with humus soil;
Compost production method using the deciduous leaves and food waste, characterized in that the mixing step (S5) of mixing and mixing the ripened humus as described above.
상기의 1차 발효단계(S2)는 미생물 발효촉진제를 투입하는 것을 특징으로 하는 낙엽 및 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 퇴비 제조방법.
The method of claim 1,
The first fermentation step (S2) is a compost manufacturing method using deciduous leaves and food waste, characterized in that the microbial fermentation promoter.
상기 낙엽층(L)은 톱밥을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 낙엽 및 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 퇴비 제조방법.The method of claim 1,
The deciduous layer (L) is compost manufacturing method using deciduous and food waste, characterized in that it comprises a sawdust.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103274867A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-04 | 山东亿丰源生物科技股份有限公司 | Organic fertilizer containing mycoprotein and biological germs and preparation method thereof |
| CN103274868A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-04 | 山东亿丰源生物科技股份有限公司 | Organic fertilizer containing mycoprotein and microelements and preparation method thereof |
| CN103382133A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-11-06 | 王广升 | Environment-friendly woodland garbage treatment system |
| CN106242830A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-12-21 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | A kind of acceleration biodegradable adjuvant of garden garbage and application thereof |
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| KR101683865B1 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2016-12-07 | (주) 참좋은환경 | Disposer of food waste |
| KR101683861B1 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2016-12-07 | (주) 참좋은환경 | Disposer of food waste |
| KR101683860B1 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2016-12-07 | (주) 참좋은환경 | Disposer of food waste |
| KR101683867B1 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2016-12-07 | (주) 참좋은환경 | Disposer of food waste |
| KR101683863B1 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2016-12-07 | (주) 참좋은환경 | Disposer of food waste |
| KR101683864B1 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2016-12-07 | (주) 참좋은환경 | Disposer of food waste |
| KR101683862B1 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2016-12-20 | (주) 참좋은환경 | Disposer of food waste |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103274867A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-04 | 山东亿丰源生物科技股份有限公司 | Organic fertilizer containing mycoprotein and biological germs and preparation method thereof |
| CN103274868A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-04 | 山东亿丰源生物科技股份有限公司 | Organic fertilizer containing mycoprotein and microelements and preparation method thereof |
| CN103382133A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-11-06 | 王广升 | Environment-friendly woodland garbage treatment system |
| CN106242830A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-12-21 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | A kind of acceleration biodegradable adjuvant of garden garbage and application thereof |
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