KR20120036811A - Pumped loop driven vapor compression cooling system - Google Patents

Pumped loop driven vapor compression cooling system Download PDF

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KR20120036811A
KR20120036811A KR1020117028268A KR20117028268A KR20120036811A KR 20120036811 A KR20120036811 A KR 20120036811A KR 1020117028268 A KR1020117028268 A KR 1020117028268A KR 20117028268 A KR20117028268 A KR 20117028268A KR 20120036811 A KR20120036811 A KR 20120036811A
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fluid circuit
cooling system
fluid
liquid
cooling
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KR1020117028268A
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Korean (ko)
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제레미 호웨즈
애브히짓 사드
스콧 질
데일 톰슨
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파커-한니핀 코포레이션
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
    • B60H1/004—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for vehicles having a combustion engine and electric drive means, e.g. hybrid electric vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3228—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
    • B60H1/32281—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations comprising a single secondary circuit, e.g. at evaporator or condenser side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
    • H05K7/20927—Liquid coolant without phase change
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00928—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising a secondary circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/34—Cabin temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
    • B60L2240/525—Temperature of converter or components thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract

냉각 시스템은 높은 주변 온도의 용례에서 사용하기 위한 완전한 전자 냉각 패키지에서 2상 냉매 펌프형 루프 냉각 회로 및 증기 압축 루프를 결합하여 제공된다. 특정한 용례들은 파워 전자부품 컨버터 및 인버터 드라이브들, 및 하이브리드 전기 자동차를 포함할 수 있지만 이에 제한되지 않는다. 하이브리드 전기 자동차 용례에서, 1차 펌프형 2상 냉매 냉각 시스템이 인버터 드라이브에 고온 냉각을 제공하기 위하여 사용된다. 2차 증기 압축 시스템이 [즉, 리튬-이온 전지(Li-ion cell)와 같은] 배터리 모듈에 저온 냉각을 제공하거나 탑승자 구획 냉각을 제공하도록 사용되고, 이에 의해 저온 냉각을 필요로 하는 배터리 모듈을 위한 특별한 냉각 해결책에 대한 필요성을 제거한다.The cooling system is provided by combining a two phase refrigerant pumped loop cooling circuit and a vapor compression loop in a complete electronic cooling package for use in high ambient temperature applications. Specific applications may include, but are not limited to, power electronics converters and inverter drives, and hybrid electric vehicles. In hybrid electric vehicle applications, a primary pumped two-phase refrigerant cooling system is used to provide high temperature cooling to the inverter drive. Secondary vapor compression systems are used to provide low temperature cooling or occupant compartment cooling to battery modules (such as Li-ion cells), thereby providing for battery modules requiring low temperature cooling. Eliminate the need for special cooling solutions.

Description

펌프형 루프 구동식 증기 압축 냉각 시스템{PUMPED LOOP DRIVEN VAPOR COMPRESSION COOLING SYSTEM}PUMPED LOOP DRIVEN VAPOR COMPRESSION COOLING SYSTEM}

관련 출원들에 대한 상호 참조Cross Reference to Related Applications

본 출원은 2009년 5월 29일자로 출원된 미국 가특허 출원 제61/182,237호의 출원일의 이득을 주장하며, 그 개시내용은 전체로 본 명세서에 의해 참조로 통합된다.This application claims the benefit of the filing date of US Provisional Patent Application 61 / 182,237, filed May 29, 2009, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

본 발명은 일반적으로 열 발생 부품들을 냉각시키기 위한 냉각 시스템 및 방법에 관한 것이고, 특히 두 개 이상의 온도 레벨들 및 열 하중들에서 냉각을 제공하기 위한 이중 냉각 시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates generally to a cooling system and method for cooling heat generating components, and more particularly to a dual cooling system for providing cooling at two or more temperature levels and thermal loads.

캐비넷(cabinet) 내의 래크(rack) 상에 수용된 전기 및 전자 부품들[예를 들어, 마이크로프로세서들, IGBT의 파워 반도체(power semiconductors) 등등]은, 냉각될 표면에 직접 부착된, 연장 표면들을 갖는 공기 냉각식 열 싱크들에 의해 대부분 흔히 냉각된다. 팬 또는 송풍기는 공기를 열 싱크 핀(heat sink fin)들을 가로질러 이동시키며, 부품들에 의해 발생된 열을 제거한다. 파워 밀도의 증가, 부품들의 소형화 및 패키징의 수축과 더불어, 열 싱크(heat sinks) 및 강제된 공기 유동에 의해 전기 및 전자 부품들을 적절하게 냉각시키는 것은 때때로 불가능하다. 이것을 가능하게 하려면, 부품들로부터 열을 제거하도록 다른 방법들이 채용되어야 한다.Electrical and electronic components (eg, microprocessors, power semiconductors of IGBT, etc.) housed on racks in a cabinet have elongated surfaces directly attached to the surface to be cooled. It is most often cooled by air cooled heat sinks. The fan or blower moves air across heat sink fins and removes heat generated by the components. With increasing power density, miniaturization of components and shrinking packaging, it is sometimes impossible to adequately cool electrical and electronic components by heat sinks and forced air flow. To enable this, other methods must be employed to remove heat from the parts.

본 발명의 적어도 하나의 실시예는, 제1 유체 회로 및 제2 유체 회로와, 응축기, 펌프, 및 복수의 냉간 플레이트에 열적으로 결합된 복수의 전자 열 소스들을 갖는 제1 유체 회로와, 압축기, 증발기, 및 팽창 밸브를 갖는 제2 유체 회로와, 제2 유체 회로를 통해 유동하는 제2 유체가 제1 유체 회로를 통해 유동하는 제1 유체에 의해 냉각되도록 제1 및 제2 유체 회로들 내에 위치설정된 액체 대 액체 열교환기를 포함하는 냉각 시스템을 제공한다.At least one embodiment of the invention comprises a first fluid circuit having a first fluid circuit and a second fluid circuit, a first fluid circuit having a condenser, a pump, and a plurality of electronic heat sources thermally coupled to the plurality of cold plates, a compressor, A second fluid circuit having an evaporator and an expansion valve, and a second fluid flowing through the second fluid circuit positioned in the first and second fluid circuits such that the second fluid flowing through the second fluid circuit is cooled by the first fluid flowing through the first fluid circuit. A cooling system is provided that includes a set liquid to liquid heat exchanger.

본 발명의 적어도 하나의 실시예는, 제1 유체 회로 및 제2 유체 회로와, 응축기, 펌프, 및 냉간 플레이트에 열적으로 결합된 인버터 드라이브를 갖는 제1 유체 회로와, 압축기, 증발기, 및 팽창 밸브를 갖는 제2 유체 회로와, 제2 유체 회로는 차량의 배터리 모듈에 냉각을 제공하고, 제2 유체 회로를 통해 유동하는 제2 유체가 제1 유체 회로를 통해 유동하는 제1 유체에 의해 냉각되도록 제1 및 제2 유체 회로들 내에 위치설정된 액체 대 액체 열교환기를 포함하는 전기 하이브리드 차량 냉각 시스템을 제공한다.At least one embodiment of the invention includes a first fluid circuit having a first fluid circuit and a second fluid circuit, an inverter drive thermally coupled to a condenser, a pump, and a cold plate, a compressor, an evaporator, and an expansion valve. And a second fluid circuit, wherein the second fluid circuit provides cooling to the battery module of the vehicle, such that the second fluid flowing through the second fluid circuit is cooled by the first fluid flowing through the first fluid circuit. An electric hybrid vehicle cooling system comprising a liquid to liquid heat exchanger positioned within first and second fluid circuits.

전기 하이브리드 차량 냉각 시스템은, 제1 유체 회로 및 제2 유체 회로와, 응축기, 펌프, 및 냉간 플레이트에 열적으로 결합된 인버터 드라이브를 갖는 제1 유체 회로와, 압축기, 증발기, 및 팽창 밸브를 갖는 제2 유체 회로와, 제2 유체 회로는 차량의 탑승자 구획을 냉각시키고, 제2 유체 회로를 통해 유동하는 제2 유체가 제1 유체 회로를 통해 유동하는 제1 유체에 의해 냉각되도록 제1 및 제2 유체 회로들 내에 위치설정된 액체 대 액체 열교환기를 포함한다.An electric hybrid vehicle cooling system includes a first fluid circuit having a first fluid circuit and a second fluid circuit, a first fluid circuit having an inverter drive thermally coupled to a condenser, a pump, and a cold plate, and a compressor, an evaporator, and an expansion valve. The second fluid circuit and the second fluid circuit cool the occupant compartment of the vehicle and allow the first and second fluids flowing through the second fluid circuit to be cooled by the first fluid flowing through the first fluid circuit. And a liquid to liquid heat exchanger positioned within the fluid circuits.

본 발명의 실시예들은 이제 수반하는 도면들을 참조하여 더욱 상세하게 기술될 것이다.
도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 펌프형 루프/증기 압축 냉각 시스템의 개략도이며, 펌프형 루프 부분에서 냉각될 부품들이 병렬로 도시되어 있다.
도 2는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 냉각 시스템의 제1 및 제2 냉각 회로들을 도시하는 냉매에 대한 압력 엔탈피 도표이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 펌프형 루프/증기 압축 냉각 시스템의 개략도이며, 펌프형 루프 부분에서 냉각될 부품들이 직렬로 도시되어 있다.Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 is a schematic diagram of a pumped loop / steam compression cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which parts to be cooled in the pumped loop portion are shown in parallel.
2 is a pressure enthalpy diagram for a refrigerant showing first and second cooling circuits of a cooling system according to an embodiment of the invention.
3 is a schematic diagram of a pumped loop / steam compression cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which parts to be cooled in the pumped loop portion are shown in series.

펌프형 루프/증기 압축 냉각 시스템(10)의 실시예가 도 1에서 개략적인 형태로 도시되어 있다. 시스템(10)은 제1 폐쇄형 루프 유체 회로(20) 및 제2 폐쇄형 루프 유체 회로(30)를 포함한다. 제1 유체 회로(20)는 1차 2상 냉매 냉각 사이클을 제공하고, 병렬로 유체 연결되어 도시된, [관통 유동하는 차가운 주변 공기(50)를 갖는] 응축기(22), 펌프(24), 및 복수의 냉간 플레이트(26) 상에 장착되거나 열적으로 결합된 복수의 전자 열 소스들을 포함한다. 제2 유체 회로(30)는 2차 증기 압축 냉각 사이클을 제공하고, 압축기(32), [관통 유동하는 뜨거운 주변 공기(52)를 갖는] 증발기(34), 및 팽창 밸브(36)를 포함한다. 액체 대 액체 열교환기(40)는 복수의 냉간 플레이트(26)와 병렬로 제1 유체 회로 내에 그리고 제2 유체 회로 내에 위치설정된다. 열교환기(40)는 제1 회로(20)에서 증발기로서 그리고 제2 회로(30)에서 응축기로서 작용한다.An embodiment of a pumped loop / steam compression cooling system 10 is shown in schematic form in FIG. 1. System 10 includes a first closed loop fluid circuit 20 and a second closed loop fluid circuit 30. The first fluid circuit 20 provides a primary two-phase refrigerant cooling cycle, condenser 22, pump 24, having a through flow of cold ambient air 50, shown fluidly connected in parallel. And a plurality of electron heat sources mounted on or thermally coupled to the plurality of cold plates 26. The second fluid circuit 30 provides a secondary vapor compression cooling cycle and includes a compressor 32, an evaporator 34 (with a through flowing hot ambient air 52), and an expansion valve 36. . The liquid to liquid heat exchanger 40 is positioned in the first fluid circuit and in the second fluid circuit in parallel with the plurality of cold plates 26. The heat exchanger 40 acts as an evaporator in the first circuit 20 and as a condenser in the second circuit 30.

유체 회로(20, 30)들은 응축기(22)와 펌프(24) 사이에 위치설정된 액체 저장소(28)와 같이 필요시에 추가적인 부품들을 포함할 수 있다. 증발기(34)는 캐비넷 냉각기의 냉간 플레이트 증발기로서 존재할 수 있다.Fluid circuits 20 and 30 may include additional components as needed, such as liquid reservoir 28 positioned between condenser 22 and pump 24. Evaporator 34 may be present as a cold plate evaporator of a cabinet cooler.

시스템(10)의 작동은 제1 회로(20)의 2상 냉각 사이클 및 제2 회로(30)의 증기 압축 냉각 사이클에서 압력 대 엔탈피의 관계를 보여주는 R-134a 냉매에 대한 압력 엔탈피 도표를 도시하는 도 2에 대해 본 명세서에서 기술되어 있다. 도표 상의 숫자들은 도 1에 도시된 바와 같은 시스템에서의 유체의 위치들을 나타내며, 위치들 1-3은 제1 유체 회로(20) 내에 위치되고, 위치들 4-7은 제2 유체 회로(30) 내에 위치된다. 점선은 회로들(20, 30) 사이에서 액체 대 액체 열 전달을 나타낸다.Operation of the system 10 shows a pressure enthalpy diagram for the R-134a refrigerant showing the relationship of pressure to enthalpy in the two phase cooling cycle of the first circuit 20 and the vapor compression cooling cycle of the second circuit 30. It is described herein with respect to FIG. 2. The numbers in the diagram represent locations of the fluid in the system as shown in FIG. 1, locations 1-3 are located within the first fluid circuit 20, and locations 4-7 are the second fluid circuit 30. Is located within. The dashed line represents liquid to liquid heat transfer between the circuits 20, 30.

제1 회로(20)의 2상 냉각 사이클을 참조하면, 위치 1에서, 냉매 유체는 복수의 냉간 플레이트(26) 또는 액체 대 액체 열교환기(40) 내로 진입하기 전에 과냉각된 액체로서 존재한다. 도면부호 2로서 설정된 위치까지 복수의 냉간 플레이트(26) 또는 액체 대 액체 열교환기(40)를 통과하는 동안 부분적으로 증발하는 유체에 열이 추가된다. 차가운 주변 공기(52)는 펌프(24)에 의해 필요할 때까지 부분적으로 증발된 유체를 액상으로 냉각시켜 액체 저장소(28)로 이동하게 한다. 위치 3은 약간 과냉각된 유체가 유체 압력을 증가시키는 펌프(24)로 진입하는 것을 나타내며, 과냉각 유체는 제1 위치(1)로 되돌아간다. Referring to the two-phase cooling cycle of the first circuit 20, at position 1, the refrigerant fluid is present as supercooled liquid before entering the plurality of cold plates 26 or the liquid to liquid heat exchanger 40. Heat is added to the partially evaporating fluid while passing through the plurality of cold plates 26 or the liquid to liquid heat exchanger 40 to the position set as 2. The cold ambient air 52 cools the partially evaporated fluid to the liquid phase until it is needed by the pump 24 to move to the liquid reservoir 28. Position 3 indicates that the slightly supercooled fluid enters the pump 24 to increase the fluid pressure, and the supercooled fluid returns to the first position 1.

제2 회로(30)의 증기 압축 냉각 사이클을 참조하면, 위치 4에서, 냉매는 액체 대 액체 열교환기(40) 내로 진입하기 위해 준비된 위치 5에서 도시된 과열 증기를 압축함으로써 압력 및 엔탈피를 증가시키는 압축기(32)로 진입하는 약간 과열된 증기로서 존재한다. 액체 대 액체 열교환기(40)는 과열 증기를 액체 대 액체 열교환기(40)를 빠져나가는 위치 6에서 도시된 과냉각 액체로 냉각시킨다. 팽창 밸브(36)는 위치 7에서 도시된 바와 같이 증발기(34)로 진입하기 전에 유체를 부분적으로 증발시키는 과냉각 액체의 압력을 감소시킨다. 증발기(34)로 진입하는 뜨거운 주변 공기(50)는 부분적으로 증발된 유체가 위치 4에서 다시 도시된 바와 같이 증발기(34)를 빠져나가는 과열 증기로 변화하게 한다.Referring to the vapor compression cooling cycle of the second circuit 30, at position 4, the refrigerant increases pressure and enthalpy by compressing the superheated vapor shown at position 5 ready to enter the liquid to liquid heat exchanger 40. It is present as slightly superheated steam entering compressor 32. The liquid to liquid heat exchanger 40 cools the superheated vapor to the supercooled liquid shown at position 6 exiting the liquid to liquid heat exchanger 40. Expansion valve 36 reduces the pressure of the supercooled liquid which partially evaporates the fluid prior to entering evaporator 34 as shown at position 7. Hot ambient air 50 entering evaporator 34 causes the partially evaporated fluid to change to superheated vapor exiting evaporator 34 as shown again at position 4.

도 3에서 도시된 바와 같은 본 발명의 다른 실시예에서, 냉각 시스템(10')은 펌프형 루프 또는 제1 유체 회로(20')가, 일렬로 유체 연결되어 도시된, 복수의 냉간 플레이트(26)에 장착되거나 열적으로 결합된 복수의 전자 열 소소들을 포함하는 것을 제외하고 도 1의 냉각 시스템과 동일하다.In another embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 3, the cooling system 10 ′ comprises a plurality of cold plates 26, in which a pumped loop or first fluid circuit 20 ′ is shown in fluid connection in line. The cooling system of FIG. 1 is identical except that it includes a plurality of electronic heat elements mounted or thermally coupled.

사용시, 이중 냉각 시스템(10)이 높은 주변 온도 용례에서 사용하기 위한 완전한 전자제품 냉각 패키지를 제공한다. 특정한 용례들은 파워 전자부품 컨버터 및 인버터 드라이브들, 및 하이브리드 전기 자동차를 포함할 수 있지만 이에 제한되지 않는다. 파워 전자부품 컨버터 및 인버터 드라이브들에서, 1차 펌프형 2상 냉매 냉각 시스템이 IGBT 및 다른 전자 부품들에 고온 냉각을 제공하기 위해 사용된다. 2차 증기 압축 시스템은 드라이브 캐비넷에 저온 냉각을 제공하기 위해 사용됨으로써, 외부 공기 조화기의 필요를 제거한다. 하이브리드 전기 자동차에서, 1차 펌프형 2상 냉매 냉각 시스템은 인버터 드라이브에 고온 냉각을 제공하기 위해 사용된다. 2차 증기 압축 시스템은 (즉, 리튬-이온 전지들과 같은) 배터리 모듈에 저온 냉각을 제공하거나 탑승자 구획 냉각을 제공하도록 사용됨으로써, 저온 냉각을 필요로 하는 배터리 모듈을 위한 특별한 냉각 해결책에 대한 필요를 제거한다.In use, the dual cooling system 10 provides a complete electronics cooling package for use in high ambient temperature applications. Specific applications may include, but are not limited to, power electronics converters and inverter drives, and hybrid electric vehicles. In power electronics converter and inverter drives, a primary pumped two-phase refrigerant cooling system is used to provide high temperature cooling to IGBTs and other electronic components. Secondary steam compression systems are used to provide low temperature cooling to the drive cabinet, thereby eliminating the need for an external air conditioner. In hybrid electric vehicles, a primary pumped two-phase refrigerant cooling system is used to provide high temperature cooling to the inverter drive. Secondary vapor compression systems are used to provide low temperature cooling or occupant compartment cooling to battery modules (ie, lithium-ion cells), thereby requiring a special cooling solution for battery modules requiring low temperature cooling. Remove it.

본 발명의 원리들, 실시예들 및 작동이 본 명세서에서 상세하게 기술되었지만, 이는 개시된 특정한 예시적인 형태들에 제한되는 것으로서 구성되지 않는다. 따라서, 그들은 본 명세서에서의 실시예들의 다양한 수정들이 본 발명의 정신 및 범위로부터 벗어나지 않으면서 이루어질 수 있다는 것을 당업자라면 알 수 있을 것이다.Although the principles, embodiments, and operations of the present invention have been described in detail herein, it is not intended to be limited to the particular exemplary forms disclosed. Thus, those skilled in the art will recognize that various modifications of the embodiments herein may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (17)

제1 유체 회로 및 제2 유체 회로와,
응축기, 펌프 및 복수의 냉간 플레이트에 열적으로 결합된 복수의 전자 열 소스들을 갖는 제1 유체 회로와,
압축기, 증발기 및 팽창 밸브를 갖는 제2 유체 회로와,
제2 유체 회로를 통해 유동하는 제2 유체가 제1 유체 회로를 통해 유동하는 제1 유체에 의해 냉각되도록 제1 및 제2 유체 회로들 내에 위치설정된 액체 대 액체 열교환기를 포함하는
냉각 시스템.A first fluid circuit and a second fluid circuit,
A first fluid circuit having a plurality of electronic heat sources thermally coupled to a condenser, a pump and a plurality of cold plates,
A second fluid circuit having a compressor, an evaporator and an expansion valve,
A liquid to liquid heat exchanger positioned in the first and second fluid circuits such that the second fluid flowing through the second fluid circuit is cooled by the first fluid flowing through the first fluid circuit.
Cooling system. 제1항에 있어서,
제1 루프는 응축기와 펌프 사이에서 액체 저장소를 더 포함하는
냉각 시스템.The method of claim 1,
The first loop further includes a liquid reservoir between the condenser and the pump.
Cooling system. 제1항에 있어서,
제1 유체 회로의 복수의 냉간 플레이트들은 병렬로 유체 연결되는
냉각 시스템.The method of claim 1,
The plurality of cold plates of the first fluid circuit are fluidly connected in parallel
Cooling system. 제1항에 있어서,
제1 유체 회로의 복수의 냉간 플레이트들은 직렬로 유체 연결되는
냉각 시스템.The method of claim 1,
The plurality of cold plates of the first fluid circuit are fluidly connected in series
Cooling system. 제3항에 있어서,
액체 대 액체 열교환기는 복수의 냉간 플레이트들과 병렬로 제1 회로에 유체 연결되는
냉각 시스템.The method of claim 3,
The liquid to liquid heat exchanger is fluidly connected to the first circuit in parallel with the plurality of cold plates.
Cooling system. 제4항에 있어서,
액체 대 액체 열교환기는 복수의 냉간 플레이트들과 직렬로 제1 회로에 유체 연결되는
냉각 시스템.The method of claim 4, wherein
The liquid to liquid heat exchanger is fluidly connected to the first circuit in series with the plurality of cold plates.
Cooling system. 제1항에 있어서,
뜨거운 주변 공기의 소스가 제2 유체 회로의 증발기를 통해 지향되는
냉각 시스템.The method of claim 1,
Source of hot ambient air is directed through the evaporator of the second fluid circuit
Cooling system. 제7항에 있어서,
뜨거운 주변 공기의 소스는 전자 열 소스들을 둘러싸는 공기로부터 얻어지는
냉각 시스템.The method of claim 7, wherein
The source of hot ambient air is obtained from the air surrounding the electron heat sources.
Cooling system. 제1항에 있어서,
차가운 주변 공기의 소스가 제1 유체 회로의 응축기를 통해 지향되는
냉각 시스템.The method of claim 1,
Source of cold ambient air is directed through the condenser of the first fluid circuit
Cooling system. 제9항에 있어서,
차가운 주변 공기의 소스가 냉각 시스템 밖의 공기의 소스로부터 얻어지는
냉각 시스템.10. The method of claim 9,
A source of cold ambient air is obtained from a source of air outside the cooling system.
Cooling system. 제1 유체 회로 및 제2 유체 회로와,
응축기, 펌프, 및 냉간 플레이트에 열적으로 결합된 인버터 드라이브를 갖는 제1 유체 회로와,
압축기, 증발기, 및 팽창 밸브를 갖고, 상기 제2 유체 회로는 차량의 배터리 모듈에 냉각을 제공하는 제2 유체 회로와,
제2 유체 회로를 통해 유동하는 제2 유체가 제1 유체 회로를 통해 유동하는 제1 유체에 의해 냉각되도록 제1 및 제2 유체 회로들 내에 위치설정된 액체 대 액체 열교환기를 포함하는
전기 하이브리드 차량 냉각 시스템.A first fluid circuit and a second fluid circuit,
A first fluid circuit having an inverter drive thermally coupled to a condenser, a pump, and a cold plate,
A second fluid circuit having a compressor, an evaporator, and an expansion valve, the second fluid circuit providing cooling to a battery module of the vehicle;
A liquid to liquid heat exchanger positioned in the first and second fluid circuits such that the second fluid flowing through the second fluid circuit is cooled by the first fluid flowing through the first fluid circuit.
Electric hybrid vehicle cooling system. 제11항에 있어서,
제1 루프는 응축기와 펌프 사이에서 액체 저장소를 더 포함하는
전기 하이브리드 차량 냉각 시스템.The method of claim 11,
The first loop further includes a liquid reservoir between the condenser and the pump.
Electric hybrid vehicle cooling system. 제11항에 있어서,
뜨거운 주변 공기의 소스는 제2 유체 회로의 증발기를 통해 지향되는
전기 하이브리드 차량 냉각 시스템.The method of claim 11,
Source of hot ambient air is directed through the evaporator of the second fluid circuit
Electric hybrid vehicle cooling system. 제17항에 있어서,
뜨거운 주변 공기의 소스는 배터리 모듈을 둘러싸는 공기로부터 얻어지는
전기 하이브리드 차량 냉각 시스템.The method of claim 17,
The source of hot ambient air is obtained from the air surrounding the battery module.
Electric hybrid vehicle cooling system. 제1 유체 회로 및 제2 유체 회로와,
응축기, 펌프, 및 냉간 플레이트에 열적으로 결합된 인버터 드라이브를 갖는 제1 유체 회로와,
압축기, 증발기, 및 팽창 밸브를 갖고, 상기 제2 유체 회로는 차량의 탑승자 구획을 냉각시키는 제2 유체 회로와,
제2 유체 회로를 통해 유동하는 제2 유체가 제1 유체 회로를 통해 유동하는 제1 유체에 의해 냉각되도록 제1 및 제2 유체 회로들 내에 위치설정된 액체 대 액체 열교환기를 포함하는
전기 하이브리드 차량 냉각 시스템.A first fluid circuit and a second fluid circuit,
A first fluid circuit having an inverter drive thermally coupled to a condenser, a pump, and a cold plate,
A second fluid circuit having a compressor, an evaporator, and an expansion valve, the second fluid circuit cooling the occupant compartment of the vehicle;
A liquid to liquid heat exchanger positioned in the first and second fluid circuits such that the second fluid flowing through the second fluid circuit is cooled by the first fluid flowing through the first fluid circuit.
Electric hybrid vehicle cooling system. 제15항에 있어서,
제1 루프는 응축기와 펌프 사이에서 액체 저장소를 더 포함하는
전기 하이브리드 차량 냉각 시스템.16. The method of claim 15,
The first loop further includes a liquid reservoir between the condenser and the pump.
Electric hybrid vehicle cooling system. 제11항에 있어서,
뜨거운 주변 공기의 소스는 제2 유체 회로의 증발기를 통해 지향되는
전기 하이브리드 차량 냉각 시스템.The method of claim 11,
Source of hot ambient air is directed through the evaporator of the second fluid circuit
Electric hybrid vehicle cooling system.
KR1020117028268A 2009-05-29 2010-05-27 Pumped loop driven vapor compression cooling system KR20120036811A (en)

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CA2763487A1 (en) 2010-12-02

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