KR20100008239A - Eliminating method of motion artifact from ppg signal - Google Patents
Eliminating method of motion artifact from ppg signal Download PDFInfo
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- KR20100008239A KR20100008239A KR1020080068702A KR20080068702A KR20100008239A KR 20100008239 A KR20100008239 A KR 20100008239A KR 1020080068702 A KR1020080068702 A KR 1020080068702A KR 20080068702 A KR20080068702 A KR 20080068702A KR 20100008239 A KR20100008239 A KR 20100008239A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013186 photoplethysmography Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004247 hand Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000578 peripheral nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000707 wrist Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/02007—Evaluating blood vessel condition, e.g. elasticity, compliance
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02416—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7203—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal
- A61B5/7207—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal of noise induced by motion artifacts
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- Noise Elimination (AREA)
Abstract
Description
The present invention relates to a method for removing noise from a PPG signal, and more particularly, to a method of removing noise from a PPG signal that can effectively filter out the noise from the PPG signal even if the amplitude of the mixed noise in the PPG signal is large. .
Currently, technology development for the construction of ubiquitous health care environment is in full swing, and medical equipment is also being miniaturized to be carried in the hands or worn as clothes.
On the other hand, PPG signal (Photo-plethysmography signal) is an optical signal for detecting the pulse wave generated by the pulse transmitted by the heart beat to the peripheral nerve, it can estimate the current state of blood vessels and the amount of blood. The PPG signal, unlike the conventional ECG signal (Electrocardiogram signal) which requires the installation of a complex detection device for signal detection, has a predetermined number of LEDs that can be easily attached to a single contact surface of the body. As it can be detected through a simple pulse wave detector consisting of a photodetector, it has been spotlighted as one of the vital bio signals to be monitored in the ubiquitous health care environment.
As a technique for measuring such a PPG signal, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2008-0009030 "Pulsometer to wear on the wrist and related methods" and the like have been devised.
Here, as the PPG signal is an optical signal, various motion artifacts due to respiration, body movement, and the like can be easily mixed, so that accurate detection of the PPG signal is required above all.
However, the PPG signal generally has a frequency band of 0.5 to 4 Hz, and the body dynamic noise generally has a frequency band of 0.04 to 1.6 Hz, so that the PPG signal overlaps with the frequency band of the dynamic noise. When the filter is used, a part of the PPG signal is also removed along with the dynamic noise, causing distortion of the PPG signal.
In response to this, a technique for removing dynamic noise by applying an adaptive filer, a wavelet, and a filter bank to a PPG signal has been devised. In the case of removing A, when the amplitude of the dynamic noise mixed with the PPG signal is large, there is a problem in that the dynamic noise is not properly removed.
Accordingly, the present invention improves such a problem of the prior art, and after matching the number of samples through decimation or interpolation of the separated PPG signal for each period, and then each time period PPG A new form that can smoothly remove the noise even if the amplitude of the noise mixed in the PPG signal is large by filtering the noise by using a signal average method of extracting and averaging the same sequence of samples from the signal. An object of the present invention is to provide a method of removing noise of a PPG signal.
According to a feature of the present invention for achieving the above object, the present invention, in the method for removing the dynamic noise according to the body motion from the body's PPG signal detected from the pulse wave detector installed in the skin tissue of the body, A divisional input signal generation step of receiving the repeated PPG signal in real time and generating a plurality of divisional input signals by sequentially separating all the input PPG signals for each period during a predetermined time interval including a current time; Each split input signal generated in the split input signal generating step is subjected to the same sample using any one of a signal processing method selected from decimation and interpolation, which are multirate digital signal processing. A split input signal sampling step of sampling with a number; Generates an output signal that generates an output signal consisting of samples with dynamic noise filtering by sequentially applying a signal average method of extracting and averaging the same sequence of samples from each divided input signal to the samples forming the divided input signals. Including the step, through the step of generating the divided input signal, the step of sampling the input signal, the output signal generating step by connecting the output signal sequentially generated over time so that the PPG signal filtered by the noise is output in real time Characterized in that.
In the method of removing the dynamic noise of the PPG signal according to the present invention, the split input signal generating step sequentially performs decimation and interpolation signal processing at a predetermined ratio with respect to the entire PPG input signal during a predetermined time interval including the current time. Apply to generate a PPG periodic signal with a simplified waveform, detect the maximum and minimum values corresponding to the floor and valley of the PPG periodic signal sequentially, calculate the median value of the neighboring maximum and minimum values, and then And a time point corresponding to the detection point is allocated from the PPG input signal as a separation point for generating the plurality of divided input signals.
According to the method for removing the dynamic noise of the PPG signal according to the present invention, even if the amplitude of the dynamic noise mixed in the PPG signal is large, it is possible to effectively filter the dynamic noise from the PPG signal, so that the PPG signal is accurately and precisely detected.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, FIGS. 1 to 3, and like reference numerals denote like elements for performing the same functions in FIGS. 1 to 3. Meanwhile, in the drawings and the detailed description, the illustration and the description of the construction and the operation which can be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the general method of removing the noise of the PPG signal are briefly or omitted. In particular, in the drawings and detailed description of the drawings, detailed descriptions and illustrations of specific technical configurations and operations of elements not directly related to technical features of the present invention are omitted, and only the technical configurations related to the present invention are briefly shown or described. It was. In addition, although the size ratio between elements is somewhat different in the drawings of the drawings, or the size between the parts that are coupled to each other is expressed differently, the representation differences in these drawings can be easily understood by those skilled in the art. As they are parts, a separate description is omitted.
1 is a block diagram showing the steps of the method of removing the noise of the PPG signal according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the technical idea of the method of removing noise of the PPG signal according to an embodiment of the present invention, (A) of FIG. 3 is a time series graph of the PPG signal with no dynamic noise, and FIG. 3 (b) is a time series graph of the signal with the same noise mixed with the PPG signal of FIG. 3 (a). c) is a time series graph obtained by filtering the PPG signal mixed with the noise shown in FIG. 3 (b) with an adaptive filter, and FIG. 3 (d) shows the PPG signal mixed with the noise shown in FIG. 3 (b). Is a time series graph filtered using the method for removing noise according to the present invention.
The method for removing the dynamic noise of the PPG signal according to the present invention is a method for removing motion artifacts caused by movement of the body from a photo-plethysmograph (PPG) signal measuring pulse waves. Such a method of removing the noise of the PPG signal according to the present invention is schematically illustrated in FIG. 2, wherein a PPG signal having a signal characteristic in which similar waveforms are periodically repeated as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B is illustrated. The signal average is separated by each period and the same number of samples is extracted from each sampled PPG signal by decimation or interpolation to match the number of samples. It is a technical feature to filter the noise by using the method. Accordingly, even if the amplitude of the dynamic noise mixed with the PPG signal is large, the dynamic noise is smoothly removed.
In the method of removing the noise of the PPG signal according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the
The divisional input signal generation step is a step of generating a plurality of
In this case, as the PPG signal has a signal characteristic in which similar waveforms are periodically repeated, the divided
As described above, in order to continuously generate the output signal at the current point in time (a unit of one unit), the time-series range of the
That is, the method of removing the noise of the PPG signal according to the present invention is to apply a signal processing method of a moving average filter.
Here, in the generating of the divided input signal according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of divided
First, the
Next, the maximum and minimum values corresponding to the floor and the valley forming the waveform of the PPG
Through the signal processing step described above, the plurality of
The split input signal sampling step is a step of sampling each
Here, in the split input signal sampling step according to the present invention, the divided
In this way, as each divided
In the output signal generating step, a signal average method is sequentially applied to the samples constituting each of the divided
That is, the samples are taken in the same order from each of the divided input signals 12 (for example, the samples corresponding to the sixth sample from each of the divided input signals 12) are summed, and then the average value is calculated. The output signal sampled from the samples generated by sequentially applying the entire sample of each
The generated output signal is an average of samples of the plurality of divided
Here, the output signal generated in the output signal generating step is an output signal of the current time point (cycle of one unit) from which the noise is removed from the PPG input signal currently input from the pulse wave detector. The noise elimination method is such that the PPG input signals continuously input over time are sequentially generated through the split input signal generation step, the split input signal sampling step, and the output signal generation step. By connecting the generated output signal, the PPG output signal from which the noise is filtered is output in real time.
The dynamic noise removal efficiency according to the dynamic noise removal method of the PPG signal according to the present invention is filtered using the dynamic noise removal method according to the present invention, the PPG signal mixed with the dynamic noise shown in FIG. 3 (d) shows a time series graph, which is compared with FIG. 3 (c) showing a time series graph in which the PPG signal mixed with the noise shown in FIG. 3 (b) is filtered by an adaptive filter. As a result, the PPG signal using the conventional dynamic noise removing method using the adaptive filter is not properly removed, while the PPG signal applying the dynamic noise removing method of the PPG signal according to the present invention has the perfect dynamic noise. You can see it removed.
As described above, the method for removing the noise of the PPG signal according to the embodiment of the present invention has been shown in accordance with the above description and the drawings, but this is only an example and various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that variations and modifications are possible.
1 is a block diagram showing the steps of a method for removing noise in a PPG signal according to the present invention;
2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a technical idea of a method for removing a noise of a PPG signal according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 3 (a) is a time series graph of the PPG signal is not mixed with noise;
3B is a time series graph of a signal in which dynamic noise is mixed with the PPG signal of FIG. 3A;
FIG. 3 (c) is a time series graph of filtering a PPG signal including dynamic noise shown in FIG. 3 (b) by an adaptive filter;
FIG. 3D is a time series graph of filtering the PPG signal including the dynamic noise shown in FIG.
* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *
10: PPG input signal 12: split input signal
20a, 20b: PPG periodic signal 30: PPG output signal
32: output signal
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Cited By (23)
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KR101641024B1 (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2016-07-19 | 울산대학교 산학협력단 | Movement noise detection algorithm using wavelet transform |
US9473706B2 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2016-10-18 | Apple Inc. | Image sensor flicker detection |
US9497397B1 (en) | 2014-04-08 | 2016-11-15 | Apple Inc. | Image sensor with auto-focus and color ratio cross-talk comparison |
US9584743B1 (en) | 2014-03-13 | 2017-02-28 | Apple Inc. | Image sensor with auto-focus and pixel cross-talk compensation |
KR101714927B1 (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2017-03-09 | 울산대학교 산학협력단 | Movement noise detection and cancellation algorithm using multiplexing signal receiving |
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US10285626B1 (en) | 2014-02-14 | 2019-05-14 | Apple Inc. | Activity identification using an optical heart rate monitor |
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2008
- 2008-07-15 KR KR1020080068702A patent/KR20100008239A/en active IP Right Grant
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