KR20050011828A - Method of explosion bonding for heat exchangers with the small inside diameter tube holes into tube sheets - Google Patents

Method of explosion bonding for heat exchangers with the small inside diameter tube holes into tube sheets Download PDF

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KR20050011828A
KR20050011828A KR1020030050861A KR20030050861A KR20050011828A KR 20050011828 A KR20050011828 A KR 20050011828A KR 1020030050861 A KR1020030050861 A KR 1020030050861A KR 20030050861 A KR20030050861 A KR 20030050861A KR 20050011828 A KR20050011828 A KR 20050011828A
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tube
gunpowder
hole
explosion
tube sheet
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KR1020030050861A
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Korean (ko)
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KR100561361B1 (en
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이병일
문인채
주우찬
강덕규
김희열
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(주)이엘테크
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/06—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic energy
    • B23K20/08—Explosive welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/002—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/14—Heat exchangers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for the explosive welding between a tube and a tube sheet in a heat exchanger having a small-caliber tube hole is provided to safely and promptly weld a tube with a tube sheet in a heat exchanger having a small-caliber tube hole and to improve the weldability, welding strength and welding quality at welding portions. CONSTITUTION: Gunpowder(6-a) is charged in the central hole of a horizontal coupling(11-a). The gunpowder assemblies are attached to the surface of the front part of a tube sheet(2) using an adhesive tape. The gunpowder assemblies are mounted in the uppermost tube hole. The horizontal couplings containing gunpowder are mounted at a specific interval. The gunpowder assemblies are horizontally connected by using a detonating fuse(12). The end of the detonating fuse is connected to a detonator.

Description

소구경 튜브 홀을 가진 열교환기류의 튜브와 튜브시트와의 폭발접합 방법 {METHOD OF EXPLOSION BONDING FOR HEAT EXCHANGERS WITH THE SMALL INSIDE DIAMETER TUBE HOLES INTO TUBE SHEETS}METHODS OF EXPLOSION BONDING FOR HEAT EXCHANGERS WITH THE SMALL INSIDE DIAMETER TUBE HOLES INTO TUBE SHEETS}

열교환기류 설비는 일반적으로 제1도에 나타난 바와 같이 일정한 범위의 온도와 압력을 가진 물(1차 유체)이 유입구(가)로 들어와 튜브시트(2)를 통과하는 수백 내지 수만 개의 튜브(1)를 순환한 뒤 배출구(나)로 나가고, 또 다른 범위의 온도와 압력을 가진 2차 유체(물 또는 증기)는 제2 유입구(다)로부터 유입되어 열교환실(B)의 튜브 바깥쪽으로 흐름으로써 열교환이 이루어지며, 그 후 제2출구(라)로 나간다. 그리고 제1도 및 제3도와 같이 U형 튜브(1) 끝부분의 바깥 표면은 튜브시트(2)의 각 구멍의 내부 표면과 반드시 접합되어 있어야 한다. 이러한 튜브시트(2)와 튜브(1)의 접합은 저압(50kg/cm2이하), 저온(200℃ 이하)용의 열교환기류에서는 기계적인 확관 방법이 사용되는 반면, 고압(50~300kg/cm2), 고온(200~600℃)용도에서는 원주 용접용 가스 텅스텐 아크 용접과 기계적 확관 방법을 동시에 사용하는 복합기술이 현재 널리 이용되고 있다.Heat exchange airflow installations typically have hundreds to tens of thousands of tubes (1) through which the water (primary fluid) with a range of temperatures and pressures enters the inlet (a) and passes through the tubesheet (2) as shown in FIG. After circulating through the outlet (B), the secondary fluid (water or steam) having another range of temperature and pressure is introduced from the second inlet (C) and flows out of the tube of the heat exchange chamber (B). This is done, then go to the 2nd exit (d). And the outer surface of the end of the U-shaped tube (1) as shown in Figures 1 and 3 must be bonded to the inner surface of each hole of the tube sheet (2). The tube sheet 2 and the tube 1 are bonded at low pressure (50 kg / cm 2 or less) and low temperature (200 ° C. or less) heat exchanger for mechanical expansion, while high pressure (50 to 300 kg / cm) is used. 2 ) In high temperature (200 ~ 600 ℃) applications, composite technology using gas tungsten arc welding and mechanical expansion method for circumferential welding at the same time is widely used.

그러나, 다른 기계적 접합방법은 다음과 같은 몇 가지 단점이 있다. 즉 제5도 A-B와 같이 용융용접은 수십 내지 수백 mm 두께인 튜브시트(2)의 구멍 안쪽에 대하여 용접이 불가능하고, 튜브시트(2)의 앞면(A쪽)에서의 좁은 범위에서만 용접이 가능하다. 또한 기계식 또는 수압에 의한 접합은 튜브시트(2)구멍 깊숙이 접합이 가능하지만 접합강도가 약하고, 열교환실(B)내의 튜브는 내부응력등이 과대하게 발생되어 축적됨으로써 사용 중 응력 부식 균열이 발생하기 때문에 고압, 고온 용도의 열교환기에는 적용할 수가 없다.However, other mechanical bonding methods have some disadvantages as follows. In other words, as shown in Fig. 5 AB, melt welding cannot be welded to the inside of the hole of the tube sheet 2 having a thickness of several tens to hundreds of mm, and welding is possible only in a narrow range at the front side (side A) of the tube sheet 2. Do. In addition, the mechanical or hydraulic joint can be joined deep into the hole of the tube sheet (2), but the joint strength is weak, and the stress in the tube in the heat exchange chamber (B) is excessively accumulated due to excessive internal stress, which causes stress corrosion cracking during use. Therefore, it cannot be applied to heat exchangers for high pressure and high temperature applications.

폭발용접에 의한 튜브시트와 튜브와의 접합에 관한 종래의 기술로서 미합중국 특허 제3,993,001호, 제4,030,419호, 제4,064,618호, 제4,117,966호 및 제4,749,117호가 있고 또 영국특허 제1,182,295호, 제1,386,969호, 제1,484,727호, 제1,514,491호 및 제2,102,320호가 있으며, 그 외에도 유럽특허(A2)제0,207,769호 및 제0,213,699호, 일본 특허공고 제79-1656호와 캐나다 특허 제883,545호 등이 있다.Conventional techniques for joining tubes and tubes by explosion welding include US Pat. Nos. 3,993,001, 4,030,419, 4,064,618, 4,117,966 and 4,749,117, and British Patents 1,182,295, 1,386,969, 1,484,727, 1,514,491 and 2,102,320, European Patents (A2) 0,207,769 and 0,213,699, Japanese Patent No. 79-1656 and Canadian Patent 883,545.

그러나 상기 종래의 폭발 용접 방법은 다음과 같은 문제점이 있다.However, the conventional explosion welding method has the following problems.

미합중국 특허 제3,993,001호와 제4,030,419호 및 제4,064,618호는 1회 뇌관 사용으로 다수의 튜브를 확관할 수 있도록 플라스틱 재질의 완충재로 구성되어 있고 화약은 PETN등의 1종만을 사용함으로써 폭발용접시 폭발속도가 용접속도보다 빠르다. 따라서 폭발후에 용접이 되지 않고 튜브의 확관만이 일어남으로써 튜브와 튜브시트와의 접합이 이루어지지 않기 때문에 용도가 저압용으로 한정되어 있다. 미합중국 특허 제4,117,966호는 튜브시트 구멍을 앞쪽으로 경사지게 가공한 다음 화약 중심부에서 기폭시키는 방법으로서, 튜브시트의 뒤쪽, 즉 열교환실(B)쪽에서는 튜브의 접합이 이뤄지지 않을 뿐만 아니라, 화약과 완충제가 일체형이 아니기 때문에 작업이 신속하지 못했다.U.S. Pat.Nos. 3,993,001, 4,030,419 and 4,064,618 are composed of a plastic buffer material to expand the number of tubes with one use of the primer, and the explosives can be exploded at the time of explosion welding by using only one kind such as PETN. Is faster than welding speed. Therefore, the application is limited to low pressure because the tube and the tube sheet are not joined by the expansion of the tube without welding after the explosion. U.S. Patent No. 4,117,966 is a method in which the tubesheet hole is inclined forward and then detonated at the center of the gunpowder.At the back of the tubesheet, that is, at the heat exchange chamber (B), the tube is not joined, and the gunpowder and the buffer are The work was not quick because it was not integral.

또, 미합중국특허 제4,749,117호는 튜브시트(2)의 열교환실(B)쪽에 다른 종류의 재질로 크래드(Clad)하고 튜브쪽 크래드의 구멍 주변에 둥근 홈을 형성하여 내식성을 양호하게 할 목적이었으나, 실제 대형 열교환기의 튜브시트 양면에 2중으로 이종 재질에 대한 크래드(9) 접합은 현실성이 없으며, 더욱이 열교환실(B)의 튜브시트면에 홈을 가공하기에는 비용부담이 가중됨은 물론 튜브의 피치 간격이 좁기 때문에 작업 수행도 불가능하다.In addition, U. S. Patent No. 4,749, 117 is to clad with a different type of material on the heat exchange chamber (B) side of the tube sheet (2) and to form a round groove around the hole of the tube side cladding to improve corrosion resistance. However, it is not practical to join the clad (9) to the heterogeneous material by double layer on both sides of the tube sheet of the large heat exchanger, and it is more expensive to process the groove on the tube sheet surface of the heat exchange chamber (B) as well as the tube. Because of the narrow pitch interval, it is impossible to perform the operation.

한편, 영국특허 제1,182,295호, 제1,386,969호 및 제2,102,320호는 화약을 중심으로 하는 원형 완충재를 특징으로 하는 중심에 화약이 장전된 일반적인 폭발접합용 결합체이다. 그러나, 이 방법의 단점은 완충재(3) 부분이 튜브시트의 열교환실(B)로 들어가지 않음으로써 튜브쪽으로 폭발력이 발산되어 튜브에 심각한 손상을 주게 될 뿐 아니라, 열교환실(B)쪽 튜브의 배가 불러지는 벌징(Bulging) 현상이 발생하고, 또한 폭발 잔류물들이 “U”자로 구부린 부분의 튜브내에 축적되기 때문에 튜브내면의 청정 작업이 어렵게 되어 원자력 발전소 등 고청정을 필요로 하는 열교환기류에는 적용이 불가능하다는 것이다.On the other hand, British Patent Nos. 1,182,295, 1,386,969 and 2,102,320 are a general explosion-bonding combination loaded with gunpowder loaded in the center characterized by a circular buffer material centered on gunpowder. However, the disadvantage of this method is that the buffer 3 part does not enter the heat exchange chamber B of the tube sheet, so that the explosive force is released toward the tube, causing serious damage to the tube. The bulging phenomenon occurs, and the explosion residues accumulate in the tube of the “U” bent section, making it difficult to clean the inner surface of the tube, so it is applied to heat exchangers that require high cleanness such as nuclear power plants. This is impossible.

또, 영국특허 제1,482,727호는 폭발시 앞면(A)쪽 튜브시트의 손상을 줄이기 위해 완충재로 도폭선을 싸고 있는 것을 특징으로 하고 있다. 이 방법은 폭발력이 열교환실(B)보다도 튜브 밖, 즉 튜브시트의 앞면(A)쪽에서 크게 작용함으로써 다수의 튜브시트 구멍에서의 동시 폭발시 폭발진동 및 상호 폭발간섭으로 인해 도폭선이 단선되기도 하고 정확한 위치에서의 폭발도 불가능해지는 문제점이 있다.In addition, British Patent No. 1,482,727 is characterized in that the depletion line is wrapped with a cushioning material in order to reduce the damage of the front (A) tube sheet during the explosion. In this method, the explosive force acts more out of the tube than the heat exchange chamber (B), i.e., the front face (A) of the tubesheet, so that the detonation line may be disconnected due to explosion vibration and mutual explosion interference at the time of multiple tubesheet holes. There is also a problem that an explosion at the location becomes impossible.

그리고 영국특허 제1,514,491호는 화약 폭발시 용접이 일어날 수 있는 아음속 조건으로 속도를 줄이기 위해 튜브를 경사지게 가공한 것을 특징으로 한다. 그러나 실제로 “U”튜브의 끝 부분은 정밀한 치수 제어 가공이 곤란하므로 실제로는 가공이 될 수 없는 가상에 불과한 기술이라고 말할 수가 있다.In addition, British Patent No. 1,514,491 is characterized in that the tube is inclined to reduce the speed to the subsonic conditions in which welding can occur during explosive explosion. In reality, however, the end of the “U” tube is difficult to precisely dimensionally control, so it can be said to be a virtual technology that cannot be machined.

또한 유럽특허 제0,207,769호 및 제0,213,699호는 영국특허 제1,182,295호, 제1,386,969호 및 제2,102,320호의 기존 여러가지 결점을 보완한 것으로서 폭발시의 힘과 폭발 잔류물을 튜브내로 분산시키지 않음으로써 튜브의 손상과 오염 문제를 개선하였다. 그러나 이 방법은 튜브용접보다는 튜브를 폐쇄시키는 기능에만 활용이 가능하다.In addition, European Patent Nos. 0,207,769 and 0,213,699 compensate for the various deficiencies of British Patent Nos. 1,182,295, 1,386,969 and 2,102,320, and do not disperse explosion forces and explosive residues within the tube, The pollution problem was improved. However, this method can only be used to close the tube rather than welding the tube.

또 일본특허공고 소 54-1656호 및 캐나다 특허 제883,545호는 화약을 튜브시트 앞면(제1도의 A)에 장착하여 폭발용접하는 방법으로서, 폭발력의 전달 방향이 앞에서 설명한 기존의 방법과는 반대로 하기 때문에 입구쪽에 있는 재질이나 인명 손상을 입기 쉬우며, 폭발력의 일부만이 튜브에 전달되므로 튜브시트 두께 전체에 걸쳐 균일한 튜브접합이 이뤄지지 않고, 화약과 완충제도 단위결합체가 아니므로 신속한 작업을 이룰 수가 없었다.In addition, Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-1656 and Canadian Patent No. 883,545 are a method of explosion welding by attaching gunpowder to the front surface of the tube sheet (A of FIG. 1). Because of this, it is easy to be damaged by material or human life at the entrance, and because only a part of the explosive force is transmitted to the tube, uniform tube joining is not achieved throughout the thickness of the tube sheet. .

또 국내특허 특1991-0013782는 열교환기의 튜브와 튜브시트를 접합시키는데 있어서 완충재와 직렬로 연결된 서로 양이 다른 3단 화약을 일체로 하여 구성된 화약결합체를 이용하므로 완충재를 삽입하여 폭발접합을 하기에 곤란한 소구경 튜브 홀에 적용하기는 부적합하다.In addition, Korean Patent No. 1991-0013782 uses a powder combination composed of three different amounts of gunpowder, which are connected in series with a buffer, to join the tube and tubesheet of a heat exchanger. It is not suitable for application to difficult small diameter tube holes.

본 발명의 목적은 상기 종래의 기술로는 접합하기 어려운 소구경 튜브 홀을 가진 열교환기류의 튜브와 튜브시트와의 폭발접합 방법에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 기존의 열교환기류의 튜브시트와 튜브를 폭발접합 시키는 방법인 저밀도 폴리에틸렌 수지 재질의 완충재와 완충재 캡을 이용한 화약결합체로는 폭발접합 시킬 수 없는 소구경 튜브 홀을 가진 열교환기의 튜브와 튜브시트와의 폭발접합 방법에 관한 것으로, 소구경 튜브 홀을 가진 열교환기의 튜브와 튜브시트와의 폭발접합작업을 안전하고 또한 신속하게 수행할 수 있고, 폭발용접후 우수한 접합효과를 얻을 수 있는 열교환기의 튜브와 튜브시트와의 폭발접합 방법을 제공하는 데 있다.An object of the present invention relates to an explosion-bonding method of a tube and a tube sheet of a heat exchanger stream having a small diameter tube hole that is difficult to join by the conventional technology, and more particularly, to a tube sheet and a tube of a conventional heat exchanger stream. The present invention relates to a method of explosion bonding between a tube of a heat exchanger having a small diameter tube hole and a tube sheet that cannot be exploded with a low-density polyethylene resin buffer and an explosive joint using a buffer cap. Explosion bonding between tubes and tube sheets of heat exchangers with holes can be performed safely and quickly, and an explosion bonding method between tubes and tube sheets of heat exchangers can be obtained after explosion welding. There is.

제1도는 발전소용 열교환기류의 열교환 원리를 설명하기 위한 개략적 단면 예시도Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the heat exchange principle of the heat exchanger for the power plant

제2도는 본 발명에 의한 열교환기의 튜브시트와 튜브의 폭발접합 작업전의 작업 배치 예시도Figure 2 is an illustration of the work arrangement before the explosion bonding operation of the tube sheet and tube of the heat exchanger according to the present invention

제3도는 제1도의 A-A방향에서 본 튜브시트의 구멍배치 개략도3 is a schematic view of the hole arrangement of the tube sheet viewed from the A-A direction of FIG.

제4도는 본 발명의 화약결합체를 폭발접합하기 위해 도폭선으로 연결하는 방법을 예시한 측면도Figure 4 is a side view illustrating a method of connecting by explosive line for explosion bonding the powder combination of the present invention

제5도는 기존 완충재와 캡을 이용한 화약결합체를 폭발접합전 튜브시트 구멍내에 장착한 상태의 단면도FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional gunpowder assembly using a cushioning material and a cap mounted in a hole of a tube sheet before explosion bonding.

제6도는 본 발명의 화약결합체를 폭발접합전 튜브시트 구멍내에 장착한 상태의 단면도6 is a cross-sectional view of the gunpowder assembly of the present invention mounted in the hole of the tube sheet before explosion bonding;

상기 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 폭발용접방법은 열교환기류의 튜브와 튜브시트의 사양에 따라 적합한 화약을 선정하여 소구경 튜브 홀보다 외경이 비교적 0.1~5mm 정도 적은 외경을 가진 화약을 선정하여 완충재와 완충재 캡 없이 수평연결구에 삽입하여 화약결합체를 튜브시트(1도A)면에 접착성 테잎을 이용하여 부착시킨다. 이때 튜브시트내(A-B사이)에는 완충재 없이 화약이 직접 삽입되며 상술한 특허 등에서 사용된 저밀도 폴리에틸렌재의 완충재가 화약의 폭발력을 감소시키던 것과는 달리 튜브홀과 화약사이의 빈공간이 화약의 폭발력을 완화시키는 완충재 역할을 하게된다. 이때 튜브홀에서 화약의 위치가 튜브홀 중심선과 일치하여야 하며 튜브시트(A)면에 수평을 유지하며 부착시키는 것이 중요하다. 화약(6-a)을 수평연결구(11-a) 중앙구멍에 장착하여 이루어진 화약결합체를 튜브시트의 앞쪽 최상단부터 아래쪽으로 3~5칸을 뛰어 각 튜브구멍에 장착한 후 횡으로 도폭선을 연결하고 연결된 도폭선 끝을 한가닥의 연결용 도폭선(12)에 접착성 테잎을 이용하여 연결하고 연결용 도폭선(12)의 끝단부에 전기뇌관 또는 비전기뇌관을 연결시켜 폭발접합 시킴을 특징으로 한다.Explosion welding method according to the present invention for achieving the above object is to select a suitable gunpowder according to the specifications of the tube and tube sheet of the heat exchanger to select the gunpowder having an outer diameter of 0.1 ~ 5mm less than the small diameter tube hole. Insert the buffer material into the horizontal connector without the buffer and the cap cap and attach the gunpowder assembly to the tube sheet (1 degree A) using the adhesive tape. In this case, the gunpowder is directly inserted into the tube sheet (between AB) and the low-density polyethylene material used in the above patents reduces the explosive force of the gunpowder. It will act as a cushion. At this time, the position of the gunpowder in the tube hole should be coincident with the tube hole center line, and it is important to keep it horizontally attached to the tube sheet (A) plane. Attach the gunpowder (6-a) to the center hole of the horizontal connector (11-a) by jumping 3 ~ 5 spaces from the top of the front of the tube sheet to the bottom of each tube. The end of the connected dopant wire is connected to the dopant wire for connection 12 by using an adhesive tape, and connected to an electric primer or a non-electrical primer at the end of the dopant wire for connection 12.

본 발명에 사용되는 화약은 5,000~8,500m/sec의 폭발속도를 갖는 PETN(Pentrit), RDX(Cyclonite) 또는 TNT(TrinitroToluene)등을 심약으로 사용한 도폭선을 사용하며, 화약량은 1g/m-40g/m까지 적용제품의 사양에 따라 달리 사용한다. 화약은 제6도에 나타난 바와 같이 수평연결구(11-a)의 중심에 장착된다. 이때 화약의 외경은 튜브 홀 내경보다 0.1-5mm보다 작아야 하며 화약(6-a)의 길이는 화약 끝부분이 튜브시트(2)의 B측면과 일치하거나 약간 짧게 하여야 한다.The gunpowder used in the present invention uses a dopant using a PETN (Pentrit), RDX (Cyclonite) or TNT (TrinitroToluene), etc., which has an explosion rate of 5,000 to 8,500 m / sec as a drug, and the amount of gunpowder is 1 g / m-40 g. Use differently depending on the specification of the product. The gunpowder is mounted at the center of the horizontal connector 11-a as shown in FIG. At this time, the outer diameter of the gunpowder should be smaller than 0.1-5mm than the inner diameter of the tube hole, and the length of the gunpowder (6-a) should be shorter or slightly shorter than the B side of the gunpowder tube (2).

본 발명에 따른 폭발접합방법에 의하여 기존의 방식으로는 튜브 홀 내경이 너무 작아 튜브 홀내에 완충재를 사용할 수 없는 튜브와 튜브시트와의 접합을 화약의 힘과 공기의 완충효과를 이용하여 튜브와 튜브시트와의 접합을 용이하게 수행할 수 있다.According to the explosion-joining method according to the present invention, the tube and the tube are made by using the force of the gunpowder and the air buffering effect. Bonding with the sheet can be performed easily.

본 발명에 이용된 화약결합체에 있어 화약량은 튜브(1)의 항복강도의 증가, 튜브 두께의 증가 및 튜브직경 감소 등 복합적인 인자에 따라 화약량을 증가하는데 이는 어디까지나 확관과 접합 및 용접범위의 용접조건에 적합하도록 최적의 화약량을 사용하는 것에 바탕을 두는 것이다.In the powder combination used in the present invention, the amount of gunpowder increases the amount of gunpowder in accordance with complex factors such as an increase in yield strength of the tube (1), an increase in tube thickness, and a decrease in the diameter of a tube. It is based on the use of the optimum amount of powder to suit the welding conditions.

수평연결구(11-a)는 폴리에틸렌 등의 재질이며, 튜브 홀의 크기에 따라 외경을 달리한다. 상술한 수평연결구(11-a), 완충제(3) 및 완충제 캡(10)은 일반 플라스틱 등 수지로 압출 성형하여 가공한 후 조립한다.The horizontal connector 11-a is made of polyethylene, etc., and varies in outer diameter according to the size of the tube hole. The horizontal connector 11-a, the buffer 3, and the buffer cap 10 are assembled by extrusion molding with a resin such as ordinary plastic.

본 발명에 따른 열교환기의 튜브시트와 튜브의 폭발용접방법을 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the explosion welding method of the tube sheet and tube of the heat exchanger according to the present invention.

화약과 수평연결구(11-a)의 결합체를 하나의 유니트로 구성하여 폭발용접하려는 튜브시트(2) 구멍의 튜브(1) 안쪽에 화약부분만을 수평이 되게 장착하고, 수평연결구는 튜브시트(1)의 한면(A측)에 접착성 테잎을 이용하여 튜브홀 중심과 수평연결구 홀 중심과 일치하게 부착시킨 다음 한 가닥의 도폭선(12)으로 각각의 단위 결합체를 횡으로 연결한 다음 동일한 방법으로 아래로 3-5줄 건너 다시 횡으로 연결하는 것을 되풀이하여 화약결합체를 제4도와 같이 연결한다. 각각의 단위 결합체를 도폭선(12)으로 연결한 다음, 도폭선의 연결(16)부분을 접착성 테이프로 5cm이상 중첩되게 연결하고 1가닥의 도폭선(12)에는 뇌관(14)를 설치한다. 이 뇌관(14)는 비전기뇌관 또는 전기뇌관이며 도시하지 아니한 각 뇌관별 발파장치를 사용하여 폭발접합 한다.Combination of the gunpowder and the horizontal connector (11-a) as a unit to install only the gunpowder horizontally inside the tube (1) of the hole of the tube sheet (2) to be welded explosion, the horizontal connector is a tube sheet (1 One side (A side) of adhesive tape is attached to the center of the tube hole and the center of the horizontal connector hole by using adhesive tape, and then each unit assembly is connected laterally with one strand of dopant line 12, and then Repeat 3-5 lines laterally to connect the gunpowder combination as shown in Figure 4. Each unit assembly is connected with the dopant line 12, and then the connection 16 portion of the dopant line is overlapped with an adhesive tape by 5 cm or more, and a primer 14 is installed on the dopant line 12 of one strand. The primer 14 is a non-electric primer or an electric primer, and is exploded by using a blasting device for each primer not shown.

일반적으로 비전기식뇌관 및 전기뇌관을 기폭시키면, 뇌관(14)이 점화, 폭발하고 그 충격은 연결용 도폭선에 의해 각각의 화약결합체로 전달돼 연쇄적으로 폭발이 일어나면서 각각의 튜브(1)와 튜브시트(2)와의 접합이 이뤄진다.In general, when detonating the non-electric primer and the electrical primer, the primer 14 is ignited, exploded and the impact is transmitted to each gunpowder by the connection dopant, so that a series of explosions occur in each tube (1) and Joining with the tube sheet 2 is made.

본 발명에 따른 폭발접합 방법을 이용하여 소구경 튜브 홀을 가진 열교환기의 튜브시트와 튜브를 폭발접합할 경우 기존의 확관 및 접합방법으로는 접합하기 어려웠던 튜브시트와 튜브와의 접합을 용이하게 수행하고, 접합부위의 접합률과 접합강도 등 접합품질을 높일 있다. 특히 상업용 원자력, 화력, 열병합 발전소의 증기발생기, 보일러, 급수가열기, 응축기, 재생열교환기 등의 열교환기류 중 소구경 튜브 홀을 가진 튜브와 튜브시트와의 사이에 원활한 폭발접합을 할 수 있다.When the tube sheet and tube of a heat exchanger having a small diameter tube hole are exploded by using the explosion joining method according to the present invention, the tube sheet and the tube, which were difficult to join by the conventional expansion and joining method, are easily performed. And the joining quality, such as joining rate and joining strength, of the joining site can be improved. In particular, among the heat exchangers such as steam generators, boilers, feed water heaters, condensers and regenerative heat exchangers of commercial nuclear power, thermal power and cogeneration plants, it is possible to achieve a smooth explosion bonding between tubes having small diameter tube holes and tube sheets.

Claims (3)

화약의 폭발력을 이용하여 소구경 튜브홀을 가진 열교환기류의 튜브와 튜브시트를 접합하는 방법에 있어서, 튜브와 튜브시트의 사양에 따라 화약의 종류를 달리하여 수평연결구(11-a)에 형성된 중앙구멍에 화약(6-a)을 수평이 되도록 장착하여 이루어진 화약결합체(6-a)(11-a)를 튜브시트의 앞쪽(A쪽) 표면에 접착성 테이프로 밀착시키고 최상단의 튜브구멍들에 횡으로 일열씩 장착하고, 동일한 방법으로 아래쪽으로 3-5줄 건너 장착하는 것을 반복한 후 도폭선(12)으로 각 화약결합체를 횡으로 연결하고 도폭선 끝을 뇌관에 연결하여 폭발접합 시키는 방법.In the method of joining the tube and tube sheet of the heat exchanger having a small diameter tube hole by using the explosive force of the gunpowder, the center formed on the horizontal connector (11-a) by varying the type of gunpowder according to the specifications of the tube and tube sheet The gunpowder assembly (6-a) (11-a) formed by mounting the gunpowder (6-a) horizontally in the hole is adhered to the front (A side) surface of the tube sheet by an adhesive tape and placed in the top tube holes. After mounting one row side by side, the same way to repeat 3-5 rows across the mounting after the explosive line (12) to connect each gunpowder combination laterally, and the end of the line is connected to the detonator explosion method. 제1항에 있어서, 화약은 알디엑스(RDX),피이티엔(PETN) 및 TNT(Trinitrotoluene)를 심약으로 하는 도폭선으로 화약량 1-40g/m를 가진 화약으로 소구경 튜브홀보다 외경이 0.1-5mm정도 작은 화약(6-a), 즉 도폭선을 완충제 없이 직접 튜브 홀내로 삽입하여 폭발접합하는 방법.The method of claim 1, the gunpowder is an explosive line having RDX, PETN, and TNT (Trinitrotoluene) as a gunpowder having a gunpowder of 1-40 g / m and having an outer diameter of 0.1 mm. Explosion-bonding by inserting gunpowder (6-a), ie, a tracer, as small as -5mm, directly into the tube hole without a buffer. 제1항에 있어서, 수평연결구는 저밀도 폴리에틸렌 재질이며, 수평연결구는 4개의 연결홈을 가지며, 연결홈에는 연결용 도폭선 지지용 돌기가 형성되어 있다.According to claim 1, wherein the horizontal connector is made of low-density polyethylene, the horizontal connector has four connection grooves, the connection groove is formed with a projection supporting line for the connection.
KR1020030050861A 2003-07-24 2003-07-24 Method of explosion bonding for heat exchangers with the small inside diameter tube holes into tube sheets KR100561361B1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101298703B1 (en) * 2012-01-12 2013-08-21 주식회사 동화엔텍 Method for joining the tube and the tube sheet in shell
CN112779909A (en) * 2021-01-13 2021-05-11 中铁十六局集团路桥工程有限公司 Gunpowder ignition type welding precast pile and welding method thereof

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KR101341342B1 (en) 2012-06-13 2013-12-13 한국생산기술연구원 Apparatus for manufacturing hybrid metal material
KR101820812B1 (en) * 2015-11-10 2018-01-23 주식회사 오성테크 Bonding method for cooling line of die-casting mold using explosive welding

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101298703B1 (en) * 2012-01-12 2013-08-21 주식회사 동화엔텍 Method for joining the tube and the tube sheet in shell
CN112779909A (en) * 2021-01-13 2021-05-11 中铁十六局集团路桥工程有限公司 Gunpowder ignition type welding precast pile and welding method thereof

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