KR20040026952A - Concrete artificial fishing reef using recycled aggregate - Google Patents
Concrete artificial fishing reef using recycled aggregate Download PDFInfo
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- KR20040026952A KR20040026952A KR1020020058608A KR20020058608A KR20040026952A KR 20040026952 A KR20040026952 A KR 20040026952A KR 1020020058608 A KR1020020058608 A KR 1020020058608A KR 20020058608 A KR20020058608 A KR 20020058608A KR 20040026952 A KR20040026952 A KR 20040026952A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011210 fiber-reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/046—Artificial reefs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/58—Construction or demolition [C&D] waste
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 콘크리트 인공어초에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 재생골재를사용한 다공성 콘크리트 또는 일반 콘크리트의 최적 배합비를 도출하여 압축강도를 향상시키도록 함과 아울러 시공이 간편해지도록 한 재생골재를 사용한 콘크리트 인공어초에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a concrete artificial reef, and more specifically, to obtain the optimum mixing ratio of porous concrete or general concrete using recycled aggregates to improve the compressive strength and to simplify the construction of concrete artificial reefs using the recycled aggregates It is about.
일반적으로 인공어초(人工魚礁)란 형상과 재질을 자연초에 가깝도록 인위적으로 제조하여 어초의 음영효과, 사료효과, 소용돌이효과 및 도피처효과를 극대화하여 어패류의 생산성을 향상시키는 구조물이다.In general, artificial reefs (人工魚礁) is a structure to artificially manufacture the shape and material close to the natural grass to maximize the shading effect, feed effect, swirl effect and shelter effect of the fish reef to improve the productivity of fish and shellfish.
이러한 인공어초는 재료적인 측면에서는 황토, 폐각, 고로슬래그와 같은 친환경 재료들이 어초 재료에 사용되고, 형상적인 측면에서는 상하면의 구조를 이원화하여 하층은 폐류용으로 사용하며 상층은 어류용인 복합식 어초 또는 매몰 및 치어보호를 위한 복잡한 형태의 조립식 구조가 출현되고 있다. 또한, 산업폐기물을 재활용하여 폐타이어, 폐선박, 폐자동차 등이 인공어초로 재활용되고는 있으나 일반어초로 인증되어 광범위하게 사용되지 못하고 있는 실정이다.These artificial reefs are environmentally friendly materials such as ocher, waste shell and blast furnace slag in terms of material, and the upper and lower structures are used for waste stream by dualizing the upper and lower structures in terms of shape. Complex prefabricated structures for fry protection have emerged. In addition, by recycling industrial waste, waste tires, waste ships, and waste vehicles are recycled into artificial reefs, but are not widely used because they are certified as general reefs.
종래 일반적인 인공어초는 콘크리트로 제조된 콘크리트 인공어초이고, 콘크리트는 쇄석이나 자갈 그리고 모래와 같은 천연골재로 이루어지는데, 골재자원의 고갈 및 환경규제의 강화로 골재채취여건은 갈수록 악화되고 있다.Conventional artificial reefs are concrete artificial reefs made of concrete, the concrete is made of natural aggregates such as crushed stone, gravel and sand, aggregate deterioration conditions due to depletion of aggregate resources and strengthening environmental regulations.
국내 건설산업의 호황에 대한 부산물로서 년간 1,000만톤 이상의 폐콘크리트가 발생되는데 대부분이 단순 매립되는 실정이고, 일부의 폐콘크리트만이 도로의 보조 기층재료 및 옹벽, 교대의 뒷채움 재료로 사용되고 있어 초보적인 재활용 단계에 그치고 있는 실정이다. 이에 반하여 일본의 경우에는 건설폐기물의 재활용시 다양한 법제도, 세제 및 금융지원과, 소비처 창출방안을 정부가 지속적으로 주도한결과 건설폐기물이 고도활용 기술에 의한 친환경 재생 제품으로 탈바꿈되고 있다.As a by-product of the boom in the domestic construction industry, more than 10 million tons of waste concrete are generated annually, most of which are simply landfilled, and only a few of the waste concrete is used as a supplementary base material, retaining wall, and backfill of roads. It's just a stage. On the other hand, in Japan, the government has continuously led various legal systems, tax and financial support, and consumer creation methods when recycling construction wastes, and construction wastes are being transformed into eco-friendly recycled products using highly-utilized technology.
그러나 국내의 경우에는 폐전주, 폐콘크리트 침목 등이 인공어초로 사용되고 있는 정도이고 아직까지 재생골재를 사용하여 제조된 인공어초는 개발되지 못하고 있다. 그 이유는 콘크리트용 재생 골재의 한국산업규격이 최근인 1999년에 제정되었고, 특히 재생제품에 대한 소비자의 불신과 사용기피가 주원인으로 작용되었기 때문이다. 또한 2001년에 산업자원부에서는 재활용 골재 콘크리트 인공어초의 품질규격을 제시하였으나 사용이 전무한 상태이다.However, in Korea, waste poles and waste concrete sleepers are used as artificial reefs, and artificial reefs manufactured using recycled aggregates have not yet been developed. This is because the Korean Industrial Standard for Recycled Aggregate for Concrete was recently enacted in 1999. In particular, consumer distrust and avoidance of recycled products were the main causes. In 2001, the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy proposed the quality standards for recycled aggregate concrete artificial reefs.
이는 적어도 압축강도가 210 kgf/cm2이상의 재생골재 콘크리트가 개발되어야 하는데도 불구하고 아직까지는 재활용된 골재 콘크리트의 강도가 취약한 한계를 극복하지 못하였기 때문이다.This is because, although at least 210 kgf / cm 2 of compressed aggregate concrete has to be developed, the strength of recycled aggregate concrete has not overcome the weak limit.
한편, 종래 기술에 의한 인공어초는 도 1에 도시한 바와 같은, 다공성 콘크리트에 의한 인공어초(1) 및 도 2에 도시한 바와 같은, 일반 콘크리트에 의한 인공어초(3)가 있으며, 이들의 형상은 내부에 빈공간을 갖고, 육면체의 각 면마다 사각형의 개구(2)(4)가 형성된 구조물이다.Meanwhile, the artificial reefs according to the prior art include artificial reefs 1 made of porous concrete as shown in FIG. 1 and artificial reefs 3 made of ordinary concrete as shown in FIG. Is a structure having an empty space therein and having rectangular openings 2 and 4 formed on each side of the cube.
그런데, 이와 같이 사각형의 개구(2)(4)를 갖는 종래 인공어초의 구조에 의하면 철근을 배근한 후에 콘크리트의 타설 작업을 2회에 걸쳐 실시해야 하는 번거로움이 있다. 즉, 사각형 개구(2)(4)의 모서리 하단 부위에 콘크리트가 원활하게 타설되지 않기 때문에 구조물의 하부를 먼저 타설하여 콘크리트를 굳힌 후에 다시 나머지 중간부와 상부에 콘크리트를 타설해 주게 된다. 뿐만 아니라 도 5에 나타난바와 같이 사각형 어초의 모서리 부분에 주압축응력이 높게 발생된다.By the way, according to the structure of the conventional artificial reef which has the rectangular openings 2 and 4 in this way, after placing a reinforcing bar, there is the trouble of having to perform concrete pouring twice. That is, since concrete is not poured smoothly at the lower corners of the rectangular openings 2 and 4, the lower part of the structure is poured first to harden the concrete, and then the concrete is poured into the remaining middle part and the upper part. In addition, as shown in Figure 5, the main compression stress is generated in the corner portion of the square fish.
따라서 종래에는 콘크리트 타설 작업 시간이 많이 소요되고, 두 번의 타설 작업에 따른 비용도 상승되는 문제가 있다.Therefore, conventionally, it takes a lot of time to put concrete, the cost of the two pouring work is also a problem that rises.
이와 같은 문제점을 감안하여 안출한 본 발명의 목적은 재활용이 가능한 재생골재를 사용한 높은 강도의 다공성 콘크리트에 의해 제조되는 인공어초를 제공함에 있다.The object of the present invention devised in view of such a problem is to provide an artificial reef made of high strength porous concrete using recycled recycled aggregate.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 재활용이 가능한 재생골재를 사용한 높은 강도의 일반 콘크리트에 의해 제조되는 인공어초를 제공함에 있다.Another object of the present invention is to provide an artificial reef made of general concrete of high strength using recycled recycled aggregate.
본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 육면체의 각 면에 형성되는 개구를 원형으로 형성함으로써 한 번의 콘크리트 타설 작업에 의해 제조가능하도록 한 인공어초를 제공함에 있다.Still another object of the present invention is to provide an artificial reef made to be manufactured by one concrete pouring operation by forming openings formed on each side of a cube in a circular shape.
도 1은 종래 기술에 의한 다공성 콘크리트 인공어초의 사시도.1 is a perspective view of a porous concrete artificial reef according to the prior art.
도 2는 종래 기술에 의한 일반 콘크리트 인공어초의 사시도.Figure 2 is a perspective view of a general concrete artificial reef in accordance with the prior art.
도 3은 본 발명에 의한 다공성 콘크리트 인공어초의 사시도.Figure 3 is a perspective view of a porous concrete artificial reef according to the present invention.
도 4는 본 발명에 의한 일반 콘크리트 인공어초의 사시도.Figure 4 is a perspective view of a general concrete artificial reef in accordance with the present invention.
도 5는 종래 기술의 사각어초에 적용된 인공어초의 주압축응력 분포도.Figure 5 is the main compressive stress distribution of artificial reefs applied to the square reef of the prior art.
도 6은 본 발명에 적용된 섬유 로드의 압축응력 분포도.Figure 6 is a compressive stress distribution of the fiber rod applied to the present invention.
<도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>
10 ; 다공성 콘크리트 인공어초10; Porous concrete artificial reef
20 ; 다공성 콘크리트 인공어초의 개구20; Opening of Porous Concrete Artificial Reef
30 ; 일반 콘크리트 인공어초30; General Concrete Artificial Reef
40 ; 일반 콘크리트 인공어초의 개구40; Opening of Plain Concrete Reef
상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은 다공성 콘크리트 인공어초와 일반 콘크리트 인공어초로 대별된다.The present invention for achieving the above object is roughly divided into porous concrete artificial reef and general concrete artificial reef.
본 발명에 의한 다공성 콘크리트 인공어초는 시멘트의 단위중량이 350∼450kg/m3(물은 시멘트의 25∼35%), 상기 잔골재의 단위중량이 166∼344kg/m3, 상기 재생굵은골재의 단위중량이 309∼1066kg/m3, 상기 천연굵은골재의 단위중량이 345∼1181kg/m3, 고성능유동화제를 시멘트 중량의 1%이하로 투입하여 제조한다.In the porous concrete artificial reef according to the present invention, the unit weight of cement is 350 to 450 kg / m 3 (water is 25 to 35% of cement), the unit weight of the fine aggregate is 166 to 344 kg / m 3 , and the unit of the recycled coarse aggregate A weight of 309 to 1066 kg / m 3 , a unit weight of the natural coarse aggregate is 345 to 1181 kg / m 3 , and a high performance fluidizing agent is prepared by adding 1% or less of the cement weight.
상술한 콘크리에 사용되는 재생굵은골재는 KS(Korea Standard) F(토목) 2573(압축강도규정)의 1종, 2종, 3종의 골재중에서 10∼25mm 사이의 골재를 사용한다. 즉, 10mm 이하의 재생굵은골재를 제외함으로써 골재의 흡수율과 마모감량을 감소시킨다. 또한, 천연굵은골재는 실적률(골재의 단위중량을 골재의 비중으로 나눈 백분률)을 높이기 위해서 5∼15mm를 사용하며, 보다 바람직하기는 5∼10mm 사이의 골재를 사용한다. 그리고 시멘트는 고로시멘트를 사용함으로써 내화학 약품성을 높이도록 하고, 잔골재는 강모래나 해사를 사용한다.The recycled coarse aggregate used in the above-mentioned concrete uses 10 to 25 mm of aggregates among 1, 2, and 3 kinds of aggregates of KS (Korea Standard) F (Civil) 2573 (Compressive Strength Regulation). In other words, by removing the coarse aggregate less than 10mm to reduce the absorption and wear loss of the aggregate. In addition, the natural coarse aggregate is used 5 to 15mm in order to increase the performance rate (percentage divided by the unit weight of the aggregate), more preferably between 5 to 10mm aggregate. And cement is used to increase the chemical resistance by using blast furnace cement, fine aggregate uses steel sand or sea sand.
또한, 본 발명에 의한 일반콘크리트 인공어초는 시멘트의 단위중량 400∼514kg/m3(물은 시멘트의 35∼45%), 잔골재의 단위중량 485∼855kg/m3, 재생굵은골재의 단위중량 742∼1100kg/m3, 고성능유동화제를 시멘트 중량의 1%이하로 투입하여 제조한다.In addition, the general concrete artificial reef according to the present invention is a unit weight of cement 400 ~ 514 kg / m 3 (water is 35 ~ 45% of cement), the unit weight of fine aggregate 485 ~ 855 kg / m 3 , unit weight of recycled coarse aggregate 742 It is prepared by adding 1100 kg / m 3 and a high performance fluidizing agent to 1% or less of the cement weight.
한편, 콘크리트 인공어초 제조에 삽입되는 보강근은 유리섬유 로드, 탄소+아라미드 섬유 로드, 및 탄소섬유 로드 중 어느 하나의 섬유 로드를 사용하고, 섬유 로드의 지름은 3.0∼21mm, 항복강도 2400kgf/cm2이상, 인장강도 6000kgf/cm2이상의 것을 사용한다.On the other hand, the reinforcing bar inserted in the production of concrete artificial reefs using any one of the fiber rod, carbon + aramid fiber rod, and carbon fiber rod, the diameter of the fiber rod is 3.0 ~ 21mm, yield strength 2400kgf / cm 2 Above, the tensile strength of 6000kgf / cm 2 or more is used.
이와 같이 제조된 본 발명에 의한 다공성 콘크리트 또는 일반 콘크리트로 제조된 인공어초는 사용재료로 재생골재를 사용함으로써 환경보호, 자원재활용, 그리고 경제적 효과가 있다.The artificial reef made of porous concrete or general concrete according to the present invention prepared as described above has environmental protection, resource recycling, and economic effect by using recycled aggregate as a used material.
또한, 본 발명에 의한 재생골재를 사용한 콘크리트 인공어초는 내부에 공간부가 형성된 육면체의 형상으로 형성되고, 각 면마다에 원형의 개구가 각각 형성되는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the artificial artificial reef using the recycled aggregate according to the present invention is formed in the shape of a cube formed with a space therein, characterized in that each opening is formed with a circular opening for each surface.
이와 같이 개구가 원형으로 형성되어 있기 때문에 타설되는 콘크리트가 원형의 곡면을 타고 원활하게 공급되어 한 번의 콘크리트 타설 작업에 의하여 시공되는 효과가 있다.Thus, since the opening is formed in a circular shape, the concrete to be poured is smoothly supplied by riding on a circular curved surface, so that the construction is performed by one concrete pouring operation.
이하, 상기한 바와 같은 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부도면에 의거하여 보다 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention as described above will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
도 3에 도시한 바와 같은 다공성 콘크리트에 의한 인공어초(10)는 압축강도 210 kgf/cm2이상의 재생골재 콘크리트에 의하여 제조된다. 이러한 재생골재 콘크리트를 제조하기 위한 다공성 콘크리트 배합표를 표 1에, 이와 같이 제조된 다공성 콘크리트의 압축강도 및 종파속도, pH, 공극률의 실험결과를 표 2에 각각 나타냈다.Artificial reef 10 by porous concrete as shown in Figure 3 is manufactured by the recycled aggregate concrete with a compressive strength of 210 kgf / cm 2 or more. Table 1 shows the porous concrete mixing table for producing such recycled aggregate concrete, and the experimental results of the compressive strength, the longitudinal wave velocity, the pH, and the porosity of the porous concrete thus prepared are shown in Table 2, respectively.
여기서, W/C는 물-시멘트비, S/a는 잔골재율, W는 단위 수량, C는 단위 시멘트량(고로 시멘트), S는 단위 잔 골재(천연골재), G는 단위 굵은 골재, RA(Recycled Aggregate)는 단위 재생 굵은 골재(골재치수 범위 10∼25mm), NA(Natural Aggregate)는 단위 쇄석(천연) 굵은 골재(골재치수 범위 5∼15mm), SP는 고성능 유동화제이며, 시멘트 중량의 1%이하의 범위로 첨가되는 것이 바람직하다. 표 1의 실시예에서는 시멘트 중량의 0.5%인 경우를 예로 나타냈다.Where W / C is water-cement ratio, S / a is fine aggregate ratio, W is unit quantity, C is unit cement amount (blast furnace cement), S is unit fine aggregate (natural aggregate), G is unit thick aggregate, RA ( Recycled Aggregate) is unit recycled coarse aggregate (10 ~ 25mm aggregate size), NA (Natural Aggregate) is unit crushed stone (natural) coarse aggregate (5 ~ 15mm aggregate), SP is high performance fluidizing agent, It is preferable to add in the range of% or less. In the Example of Table 1, the case where it is 0.5% of the cement weight was shown as the example.
다공성 콘크리트의 경우에 물-시멘트비(W/C)비가 높아질수록 압축강도가 낮아지고, 잔골재율(S/a)이 커질수록 대체적으로 압축강도가 커짐을 알 수 있다.In the case of porous concrete, the higher the water-cement ratio (W / C) ratio, the lower the compressive strength, and the larger the aggregate aggregate (S / a), the larger the compressive strength.
또한, 단위 굵은 골재에 대한 천연 굵은 골재의 비(NA/G)에 비례하여 압축강도가 커지는 결과를 보이고 있으나, 경제성을 감안한 최대 압축 강도 281kgf/cm2를 나타내고 있는 실험체 I-WC30-Sa15-NA50의 경우에는 I-WC30-Sa15-NA75와 비교하여 오히려 압축강도가 높게 나타나고 있다.In addition, although the compressive strength was increased in proportion to the ratio (NA / G) of the natural coarse aggregate to the unit coarse aggregate, the test specimen I-WC30-Sa15-NA50 exhibiting a maximum compressive strength of 281 kgf / cm 2 in consideration of economic efficiency. The compressive strength is higher than that of I-WC30-Sa15-NA75.
다음으로 도 4에 도시한 바와 같은, 일반 콘크리트에 의한 인공어초(30)는 압축강도 210 kgf/cm2이상의 재생골재 콘크리트로서, 본 발명에 따르는 일반 콘크리트 배합표를 표 3에, 이와 같이 제조된 일반 콘크리트의 압축강도 및 종파속도, pH, 슬럼프의 실험결과를 표 4에 각각 나타냈다.Next, as shown in Figure 4, artificial reef 30 by the general concrete is a recycled aggregate concrete with a compressive strength of 210 kgf / cm 2 or more, the general concrete compounding table according to the present invention in Table 3, the general produced in this way The compressive strength, longitudinal velocity, pH, and slump of concrete are shown in Table 4, respectively.
여기서, S는 단위 잔 골재(천연골재), G는 단위 재생골재(골재치수 범위 10∼25mm)이다.Here, S is unit fine aggregate (natural aggregate), G is unit recycled aggregate (aggregate dimension range 10-25mm).
표 3 및 표 4에 보는 바와 같이, 일반 콘크리트의 경우에도 물-시멘트비(W/C)비가 높아질수록 압축강도가 낮아지고, 잔골재율(S/a)이 커짐과 비례하여 압축강도가 증대됨을 알 수 있다.As shown in Table 3 and Table 4, even in general concrete, the higher the water-cement ratio (W / C) ratio, the lower the compressive strength, and the higher the aggregate aggregate (S / a), the higher the compressive strength. Can be.
이때, 일반 콘크리트의 실시예에서 실험체 II-C450-Sa45의 경우가 경제성을 감안한 최적의 압축강도 발현 배합비이다.At this time, in the case of the general concrete, the case of test specimen II-C450-Sa45 is the optimal compressive strength expression compounding ratio in consideration of economic efficiency.
한편, 본 발명에 의한 인공어초에 섬유 로드를 보강하면 종래 사용되는 철근이 염해환경에 노출되어 부식에 의해 콘크리트가 파괴됨으로써 내구성이 저하되는 것을 방지할 수 있다.On the other hand, reinforcing the fiber rod in the artificial reef according to the present invention can prevent the reinforcement of the conventional reinforcing bar exposed to a salty environment, the concrete is destroyed by corrosion, thereby reducing the durability.
인공어초를 보강하기 위하여 사용되는 섬유로드는 유리섬유 로드, 탄소+아라미드 섬유 로드, 탄소섬유 로드 등이 사용되며, 섬유 로드의 지름은 3.0∼21mm, 항복강도 2400kgf/cm2이상, 인장강도 6000kgf/cm2이상의 값을 갖는 것이 바람직하다.Fiber rods used to reinforce artificial reefs include glass fiber rods, carbon + aramid fiber rods, and carbon fiber rods.The diameters of the fiber rods are 3.0 ~ 21mm, yield strength 2400kgf / cm 2 or more, tensile strength 6000kgf / It is preferable to have a value of cm 2 or more.
표 5 및 표 6은 본 발명에 의한 섬유보강 콘크리트의 배합비와 실험결과를 나타낸 표이다.Table 5 and Table 6 are tables showing the mixing ratio and the experimental results of the fiber reinforced concrete according to the present invention.
여기서, PF(Polypropylene Fiber)는 폴리프로필렌섬유이다. 폴리프로필렌섬유를 사용하는 이유는 재생골재 콘크리트의 내충격성, 내마모성, 내침식성, 그리고 인장응력의 증진을 목적으로 한다. S는 단위 잔 골재(천연골재), G는 단위 굵은 골재(재생골재)이다.Here, PF (Polypropylene Fiber) is a polypropylene fiber. The reason for using polypropylene fiber is to improve the impact resistance, wear resistance, erosion resistance, and tensile stress of recycled aggregate concrete. S is unit fine aggregate (natural aggregate), G is unit coarse aggregate (recycled aggregate).
표 6에서 보는 바와 같이, 본 발명에 의한 섬유보강 콘크리트의 경우에 잔골재율(S/a)의 크기와 폴리프로필렌섬유의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 압축강도가 커지는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 실험체 III-Sa45-PF10의 경우에 최적의 강도가 발현되었다.As shown in Table 6, in the case of the fiber-reinforced concrete according to the present invention, it was found that the compressive strength increased as the size of fine aggregate fraction (S / a) and the amount of polypropylene fiber added increased. Optimal intensity was expressed in the case of PF10.
이와 같이 인공어초에 보강되는 섬유 로드는 재질이 유리섬유 또는 탄소섬유이기 때문에 해수의 염해환경에 강한 이점이 있고, 무게가 가볍기 때문에 시공이 용이하며, 항복강도가 일반 철근보다 높아 해상구조물에 다양하게 응용할 수 있는 것이다. 아울러 본 발명에 의한 섬유보강 콘크리트에 의해 제조된 인공어초는 도 6의 콘크리트와 섬유 로드의 응력해석도에서 보는 바와 같이, 구조적으로 안정성을 갖는 것으로 인증된다.As the fiber rod reinforced to artificial reef is made of glass fiber or carbon fiber, it has a strong advantage in the salt water environment of seawater, and it is easy to install because of its light weight, and its yield strength is higher than that of general rebars. It is applicable. In addition, the artificial reef prepared by the fiber-reinforced concrete according to the present invention is certified as having structural stability, as shown in the stress analysis of the concrete and the fiber rod of FIG.
한편, 본 발명에 의한 다공성 콘크리트에 의해 제조된 인공어초(10) 또는 일반 콘크리트에 의해 제조된 인공어초(30)는 내부에 공간부가 형성된 육면체로 형성되어 있고, 각 면마다 원형의 개구(20),(40)가 각각 형성되어 있다.On the other hand, artificial reef (10) manufactured by porous concrete or artificial reef (30) manufactured by general concrete according to the present invention is formed of a hexahedron having a space portion therein, the circular opening 20 for each surface , 40 are formed, respectively.
이와 같이 개구(20)(40)가 원형으로 형성되어 있기 때문에 타설되는 콘크리트가 원형의 개구(20)(40)를 타고 흘러내리면서 원활하게 공급되어 한 번의 콘크리트 타설 작업에 의하여 작업이 완료된다.Thus, since the openings 20 and 40 are formed in a circular shape, the concrete to be poured is smoothly supplied while flowing down the circular openings 20 and 40 and the work is completed by one concrete pouring operation.
이상에서 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 의한 재생골재를 사용한 콘크리트 인공어초는 압축강도 210kgf/cm2이상의 재생골재 콘크리트를 제공함으로써 년간 1,000만톤 이상 발생되는 폐콘크리트를 재활용하여 다양한 종류의 인공어초 제조에 적용할 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, the artificial artificial reef using the recycled aggregate according to the present invention by applying recycled aggregate concrete with a compressive strength of 210kgf / cm 2 or more applied to the production of various kinds of artificial reef by recycling waste concrete generated over 10 million tons per year It can work.
본 발명은 압축강도가 최하 210kgf/cm2에서 최대 309kgf/cm2의 강도를 갖는 다공성 콘크리트를 제공하여 표면의 거칠기에 의하여 해조류의 착상이 수월해지는 효과가 있다.The present invention provides an porous concrete having a compressive strength of at least 210 kgf / cm 2 and a maximum of 309 kgf / cm 2 , thereby facilitating the implantation of algae by the surface roughness.
또한, 본 발명은 압축강도가 최하 213kgf/cm2에서 최대 401kgf/cm2의 강도를 갖는 일반 콘크리트를 제공하며, 고로시멘트를 사용하여 환경부하를 줄일 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, the present invention provides a general concrete having a compressive strength of at least 213kgf / cm 2 to a maximum of 401kgf / cm 2 , there is an effect that can reduce the environmental load using the blast furnace cement.
그리고 본 발명은 폴리프로필렌섬유와 같은 섬유로드를 일정량 혼입함으로써 내충격성과 내구성을 증진시키는 효과가 있다.And the present invention has the effect of improving the impact resistance and durability by mixing a certain amount of fiber rods, such as polypropylene fibers.
본 발명은 육면체의 각 면에 형성되는 개구를 원형으로 형성함으로써 한 번의 콘크리트 타설 작업에 의해 간편하게 시공을 실시할 수 있는 효과가 있다.The present invention has an effect that can be easily carried out by one concrete pouring operation by forming the openings formed on each side of the cube in a circular shape.
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