KR20030053852A - Liquid calcium composition extracted from oyster shell and its using method - Google Patents

Liquid calcium composition extracted from oyster shell and its using method Download PDF

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KR20030053852A
KR20030053852A KR1020010083875A KR20010083875A KR20030053852A KR 20030053852 A KR20030053852 A KR 20030053852A KR 1020010083875 A KR1020010083875 A KR 1020010083875A KR 20010083875 A KR20010083875 A KR 20010083875A KR 20030053852 A KR20030053852 A KR 20030053852A
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acid
calcium
composition
weight
shell
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KR100491554B1 (en
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문병우
허동훈
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문병우
허동훈
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/10—Animals; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: An environmentally friendly liquid calcium composition including a calcium component extracted from oyster shells as a main component is provided. The application of the functional liquid calcium composition to the crop prevents calcium deficiencies and disease damage generated during cultivation of major horticultural crops, improves preservability of fruits and remarkably reduces the amount of agricultural chemicals to be used. CONSTITUTION: A liquid calcium composition is prepared by blending 80 to 95% by weight of a calcium component extracted from oyster shells, 0.05 to 0.005% by weight of silicone oil, 1.0 to 0.05% by weight of xanthan gum and water and then additionally adding one or more components selected from chitosan, wax components and silver components. The calcium component extract is obtained by reacting oyster shell powder with an acid selected from hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, malic acid and gluconic acid. The composition is diluted with 10 to 3,000 times of water and then sprayed on both ground and underground parts of horticultural crops.

Description

석화각에서 추출한 칼슘 성분을 함유하는 액상칼슘 조성물 및 그 이용 방법{LIQUID CALCIUM COMPOSITION EXTRACTED FROM OYSTER SHELL AND ITS USING METHOD}Liquid calcium composition containing calcium component extracted from petrified angle and method of using the same {LIQUID CALCIUM COMPOSITION EXTRACTED FROM OYSTER SHELL AND ITS USING METHOD}

본 발명은 폐자원으로 분류되고 환경 오염물질로 인식되는 석화각(굴껍질)으로부터 추출한 칼슘 성분을 함유하는 액상 칼슘 조성물에 관계되는 것으로서, 특히 석화각 추출물에 산단껌과 실리콘 오일을 첨가하여 액상으로 형성한 액상 칼슘 조성물에 관한 것이다. 본 발명의 조성물은 원예작물에 처리하였을 때 원예작물의 조직내 칼슘함량을 증진시켜 칼슘부족으로 나타나는 칼슘부족현상 방지, 병 방제, 저장력 증진 등에 효과를 지니고 있으며 환경 공해가 나타나지 않는다.The present invention relates to a liquid calcium composition containing a calcium component extracted from petrified angle (oyster shell) that is classified as a waste resource and recognized as an environmental pollutant. It relates to the formed liquid calcium composition. When the composition of the present invention is treated to horticultural crops, it has the effect of preventing calcium deficiency phenomenon, disease control, storage capacity enhancement, etc., which is indicated by calcium deficiency by enhancing calcium content in the tissues of horticultural crops, and does not show environmental pollution.

더욱 상세하게는 미세 석화각을 산 반응한 추출물 80∼95중량%, 산단껌 1.0∼0.05중량%, 실리콘 오일 0.05∼0.005중량%, 나머지 물로 혼합, 교반, 여과하여 액상으로 형성된 조성물에 관한 것이다.More specifically, the present invention relates to a composition formed in a liquid phase by mixing 80% to 95% by weight of an acid-reacted fine petroleum angle, 1.0% to 0.05% by weight of acidified gum, 0.05% to 0.005% by weight of silicone oil, and mixing, stirring and filtering with the remaining water.

최근 서해와 남해안에서는 굴 양식업이 발달하고 있으나, 종패로 사용되는 다량의 굴에서 부산물로 생산되는 굴 껍질이 환경 오염을 일으킬 위험성이 있으므로 그 처리가 문제점으로 지적되고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 폐기되는 굴 껍질의 일부를 배수가 불량한 농지에 암거 배수용 재료로 이용하거나 분쇄하여 토양개량제로 가공하여 이용하고 있고, 또한 최근에는 굴 껍질을 분쇄하고 분쇄물을 원예작물에 칼슘을 공급하기 위하여 엽면시비용 비료로 이용하는 방법도 연구되고 있다. 그러나, 굴 껍질 자체는 토양개량제 및 암거 배수용으로는 활용성이 높은 것으로 알려졌으나, 분말화하여 엽면 시비용으로 사용하는 경우에는 칼슘의 용해도가 극히 낮아서 작물체내에 흡수가 거의 안되므로 작물의 칼슘 성분 증대에는 큰 효과가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 굴 껍질의 분말을 그대로 물로 희석하여 원예작물에 살포할 경우 과채류에서 열과 및 동녹방지에는 어느 정도 효과가 있지만, 작물체 표면에 백색의 잔존물이 수확시까지 남아 있어서 작물에 농약이 묻어 있는 것과 같은 오해를 받을 수 있어서 작물의 상품성을 저하시키는 요인이 되기도 한다. 따라서 굴 껍질을 이용하여 식물체내 흡수가 용이한 액상칼슘을 개발하는 것이 요구되고 있다.Recently, oyster aquaculture has been developed in the west and south coasts, but oyster shells produced as by-products from a large number of oysters used as seed have a risk of causing environmental pollution. In order to solve this problem, some of the discarded oyster shells are used as culvert drainage materials on farmland with poor drainage or crushed and processed with soil modifiers. The method of using foliar fertilizer to supply calcium is also being studied. However, the oyster shell itself is known to have high utility for soil amendment and culvert drainage, but when it is used for foliar application as a powder, the solubility of calcium is so low that it is hardly absorbed into the crop body. There was no significant effect on the increase. In addition, when diluting the powder of oyster shell with water as it is, and spraying on horticultural crops, there is some effect on the prevention of heat and rust from fruit vegetables, but there is a white residue on the surface of the crop until harvest, so that the crops have pesticides. Misunderstandings can be a factor in degrading the crop's marketability. Therefore, it is required to develop liquid calcium that is easily absorbed in plants using oyster shells.

원예작물에 발생되는 칼슘 결핍증은 작물에 직접 또는 간접적으로 피해를 줄 뿐만 아니라 고품질, 다수확 재배에 큰 영향을 줄 수 있다.Calcium deficiency in horticultural crops can directly or indirectly damage crops, as well as have a significant impact on high quality, high yields.

원예작물에 공급되는 석회질비료의 종류는 소석회, 석회석, 석회고토, 부산 소석회, 부산석회, 패화석, 생석회 등이 있으며, 이러한 비료들은 토양의 pH 조절, 완충력, 식물체의 칼슘 공급 등 토양 물리성과 화학성을 개선할 목적으로 사용되고 있으나 전술한 비료들은 용해도가 극히 낮아서 토양시비용으로는 적합하지만 엽면살포용으로는 부적합하여 엽면 살포에는 염화칼슘, 질산칼슘, 초산칼슘, 인산칼슘, 탄산칼슘 등을 사용하고 있다. 그러나 엽면 살포용 비료들은 화공약품을 주로 이용하고 있어서 약해발생의 위험이 있을 뿐만 아니라 과다한 질산염 사용에 따른 축적량 과다로 인하여 발암성물질을 유발할 위험성이 있으며 농약과 혼용이 불가능하고 가격이 비싸다는 단점이 있으며, 또한 검증이 안 된 칼슘염들로 알려져 있다.Kinds of lime fertilizers supplied to horticultural crops include hydrated lime, limestone, limestone, Busan hydrated lime, Busan lime, calcite and quicklime. These fertilizers have soil physicochemical properties such as soil pH control, buffering capacity, and calcium supply of plants. Although it is used for the purpose of improvement, the above-mentioned fertilizers are extremely low in solubility and are suitable for soil cost, but are not suitable for foliar spraying, and thus calcium phosphate, calcium nitrate, calcium acetate, calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate are used for foliar spraying. However, foliar fertilizers mainly use chemicals, so there is a risk of weakening, and there is a risk of causing carcinogenic substances due to excessive accumulation due to excessive use of nitrates. It is also known as an unverified calcium salt.

석회는 작물이 생장하기 위하여 없어서 안 될 4대 필수원소중 하나이며, 산성 토양을 개량한다. 이외에도 염기포화도의 증대, 간척지 토양의 제염, 토양중의 중금속 등 유해물질의 흡수 억제 및 피해의 경감, 미생물의 번식 촉진, 유기물의 분해촉진, 토양입자를 단립구조로 하는 등의 역할을 한다.Lime is one of the four essential elements for crops to grow and improves acidic soils. In addition, it plays a role in increasing base saturation, decontamination of reclaimed soils, suppressing and absorbing harmful substances such as heavy metals in the soil, reducing damage, promoting the growth of microorganisms, promoting organic decomposition, and making soil particles into a single structure.

원예작물 뿌리로부터 흡수된 칼슘이 과실 또는 잎으로 전류되는 양상은 생육조건, 토양상태 즉 지나친 고온, 저온, 건조, 다습, 질소과다, 인산과다, 칼륨과다 및 기상조건 등에 따라 달라진다. 칼슘의 흡수와 축적이 불량한 조건에서 칼슘 부족으로 수확 전후에 과실에서 발생하는 생리장해는 원예작물에서 크게 문제가 되고 있는 실정이다. 실제로 사과나무 재배시 석회암 지역에서도 칼슘결핍 증상이 나타나고 있다. 칼슘이 부족한 원예작물은 저장력이 떨어지게 되므로 이를 방지하기 위하여 칼슘염을 생장기간 동안 엽면살포(수관살포)를 하거나, 수확 후에 과실을 칼슘용액에 담가서 칼슘을 침투시키기도 한다. 이때 사용되는 칼슘염은 주로 염화칼슘, 탄산칼슘, 질산칼슘 및 수산화칼슘 등이다. 그러나 이러한 칼슘염은 농약과 혼용하여 살포할 수가 없으며, 특히 고온기 살포시에는 약해가 발생하여 치명적인 피해를 입을 수 있다. 반면 용해성이 낮은 칼슘염은 백색의 잔존물이 수확시 까지 남아 상품성을 저하시키는 요인이 된다. 질산염이 들어 있는 칼슘염은 흡수는 잘되나, 인체에 해로운 발암성 물질이 들어 있어 외국에서는 2500 ppm 이상 축적이 될때에는 규제를 하고 있다. 또한 지하수를 오염시키는 주 원인이 되기도 한다. 칼슘염을 수확된 과일의 표면에 처리하는 방법은 처리작업 도중 표피에 찰과상을 입을 가능성이 있고, 이 경우 저장중 병해 발생의 원인이 제공될 수 있어서 상품성과 저장력을 저하시키는 요인이 될 수 있다. 따라서 생육기간 동안 엽면살포(수관살포)를 하는 방법이 많이 이용되고 있다.Calcium absorption from the roots of horticultural crops to fruit or leaves depends on the growth conditions, soil conditions such as excessive high temperature, low temperature, dryness, humidity, excess nitrogen, excess phosphate, excess potassium and weather conditions. Physiological disorders that occur in fruits before and after harvest due to calcium deficiency under conditions of poor absorption and accumulation of calcium are a serious problem in horticultural crops. In fact, apple tree cultivation is also showing calcium deficiency. Horticultural crops that lack calcium have a lower storage capacity, so in order to prevent them, calcium salts are foliarly sprayed during the growing period, or after harvesting, the fruit is soaked in calcium solution to infiltrate calcium. The calcium salt used at this time is mainly calcium chloride, calcium carbonate, calcium nitrate and calcium hydroxide. However, these calcium salts can not be mixed and sprayed with pesticides, especially when spraying hot air can cause a harmful damage due to weak damage. On the other hand, low solubility of calcium salts causes white residues to remain until harvesting, thereby degrading the commerciality. Calcium salts containing nitrate are absorbed well, but they contain carcinogenic substances that are harmful to the human body. It is also a major contaminant of groundwater. The method of treating calcium salts on the surface of the harvested fruit may cause abrasions on the epidermis during the treatment, in which case the cause of the disease may be provided during storage, which may reduce the merchandise and storage capacity. Therefore, foliar spraying (water canal spraying) is widely used during the growing season.

칼슘의 토양내에서 작물체로의 이동은 중등류에 따른 매스플로우와 이온 확산에 의하여 뿌리 표면에 도달한 후에 확산 및 프리 스페이스에서의 이온교환 또는 이들의 복합작용에 의한 뿌리의 피층으로 흡수 이동이 이루어진다고 알려져 있다.The movement of calcium into the crops within the soil reaches the root surface by mass flow and ion diffusion according to the secondary flow, and then the absorption transfers to the cortex of the root by diffusion and ion exchange in free space or a combination thereof. It is known.

작물체 내에서 과실로의 칼슘이동은 사부를 통하여 이루어지고 일단 과실내에 들어올 때에는 목부 이동으로 전환되는데 이 위치는 나중에 탈리층이 생기는 지점이 과경의 가지에 붙어 있는 부위이며, 이동속도는 다른 무기염보다 상당히 느리다.The movement of calcium into the fruit in the crop is done through the dead quarter, and once it enters the fruit, it is converted to the neck movement, which is the site where the desorption layer is later attached to the branches of the fruit, and the movement speed is considerably higher than that of other inorganic salts. slow.

칼슘축적 양상은 두 시기가 있다. 제 1기는 과실발육기 및 세포 분열기에 매우 짧은 기간 지속되는데 이 시기에 총량의 90%정도를 급격히 흡수한다. 제 2기는 칼슘흡수가 매우 낮은 비율로 계속되거나 약 10% 정도가 흡수되며 생장기간 중 특히 세포비대기에는 타 조직으로 유출되기도 한다.There are two phases of calcium accumulation. The first stage lasts a very short period during fruit development and cell division, during which it rapidly absorbs about 90% of its total amount. The second phase continues at a very low rate of calcium absorption or is absorbed by about 10% and may be released to other tissues during growth, especially during cell hypertrophy.

칼슘흡수는 이외에도 환경요인 즉 상대습도, 기온, 광도, 과실크기, 작물체 상태에 따라 흡수 정도가 다르며, 타 무기양분 원소와 생장조절제의 함량에 따라 차이가 있는 것으로 알려져 있다.Calcium absorption is also known to be different depending on the environmental factors, such as relative humidity, temperature, light intensity, fruit size, crop condition, and the content of other inorganic nutrient elements and growth regulators.

칼슘을 엽면살포할 경우 칼슘 흡수는 주로 기공, 과점, 어린조직 등으로 흡수되어 잎, 줄기, 과실 등으로 이동 역할을 분담하게 된다.When calcium is applied to the foliar spray, calcium absorption is mainly absorbed into pores, oligopolies, and young tissues, thereby sharing the role of moving to leaves, stems, and fruits.

칼슘은 흡수 이행속도가 매우 느리며, 한번 흡수된 조직에서는 다른 조직으로 이동이 거의 안되고 극성이동을 하는 특성을 지니고 있어 칼슘부족으로 나타나는 생리장해 현상이 발생한다.Calcium is very slow in the rate of absorption, and once absorbed in tissues, it is hardly moved to other tissues and has a polar movement characteristic.

현재 국내외에서 많이 사용되는 석회비료는 pH 조정 목적으로 사용되어 왔고 그 효과도 있어 토양의 물리 화학성 개선에 기여하여 온 것은 사실이다. 엽면시비용 칼슘비료는 식물체내 칼슘을 공급하기 위하여 화공약품을 사용하는바, 화공약품의 사용은 환경오염, 음용수 오염 등을 유발시키는 원인이 되고 있다. 이미 선진국에서는 비료염 사용에 있어서는 엄격히 규제하여 왔고, 사용자도 감소하고 있는 추세이다. 최근에는 화학비료염을 대체하기 위하여 많은 노력을 하고 있다.Lime fertilizer, which is widely used at home and abroad, has been used for the purpose of pH adjustment and it is true that it has contributed to the improvement of physicochemical properties of soil. Leaf foliar calcium fertilizer uses chemicals to supply calcium in plants, and the use of chemicals causes environmental pollution and drinking water pollution. In developed countries, fertilizer salt use has been strictly regulated, and users are also decreasing. Recently, much effort has been made to replace chemical fertilizer salts.

이러한 화학비료염의 대체물 중 하나로 굴 껍질에는 탄산칼슘 함량이 40.1∼55.5% 함유되어 있어 이들을 활용할 가치가 매우 높으며, 이들을 미세 분쇄하여 산과 반응시키면 산의 종류에 따라 음이온이 다른 칼슘염이 생성된다.As one of the substitutes for the chemical fertilizer salt, the oyster shell contains 40.1 to 55.5% of calcium carbonate, so it is very useful to utilize them. When the finely pulverized and reacted with an acid, calcium salts with different anions are produced depending on the type of acid.

본 발명자는 화학비료염을 줄이고 친환경 자재를 개발하는 과정에서 폐기물인 석화각을 산과 반응시켜 칼슘염을 포함하는 액상칼슘을 추출하고 이 추출물을 작물에 엽면살포하면 과실내 칼슘농도를 증가시켜 칼슘부족으로 나타나는 생리현상을 줄이고 저장력이 좋아진다는 사실을 발견하게 되었다.In the process of reducing chemical fertilizer salts and developing eco-friendly materials, the present inventors extract liquid calcium containing calcium salts by reacting petroleum angle, which is a waste, with acid, and spraying foliar on the crops increases the calcium concentration in the fruit, resulting in lack of calcium. It has been found that the physiological phenomena appearing and the storage capacity is improved.

이러한 천연 액상칼슘을 작물에 이용한 경우는 거의 없으며, 액상칼슘의 생산 방법 개발에 대한 실용적인 기술 개발도 미흡한 실정이다. 액상칼슘은 일반 화공약품의 비료염과 달리 석화각에 추출하여 얻은 물질로 환경 친화적이고 공해가전혀 나타나지 않는다. 따라서 석화각에서 추출한 칼슘 성분을 함유하는 액상 칼슘은 종래의 작물재배 기술 중 생리장해 현상 방제 기술과 저장 기술을 발전시킬 수 있다는데 착안하여 본 발명을 완성하게 되었다.Such natural liquid calcium is rarely used in crops, and practical technology development for the development of liquid calcium production is insufficient. Liquid calcium, unlike fertilizer salts of general chemicals, is obtained from petroleum angle and is environmentally friendly and shows no pollution. Therefore, the liquid calcium containing the calcium component extracted from the petrification angle has been completed the present invention by focusing on the development of physiological disorder control and storage technology of conventional crop cultivation technology.

본 발명은 주요 원예작물 재배시 발생되는 칼슘부족 현상 방지 및 병해 등과 저장중 과실의 저장력을 향상시켜 고품질의 안전한 농산물을 생산하고 생산비를 절감하여 고소득을 올릴 수 있는 인체에 무해하고 환경 친화적인 기능성 액상 칼슘 조성물을 제공하는 것이다.The present invention is a harmless and environmentally friendly functional liquid that can produce high quality safe agricultural products and reduce production costs by preventing calcium deficiency caused by the cultivation of major horticultural crops and improving the storage capacity of fruits during storage. It is to provide a calcium composition.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 상기 기능성 조성물을 농약과 함께 엽면 살포하여 작물체에서 발생되는 칼슘결핍증을 방지하고 병해를 경감시켜 작물을 보호하며, 농약의 사용량을 현저히 줄이고 노동력을 절감할 수 있도록 농약과 혼용살포하는 전술한 조성물의 처리방법을 제공하는 것이다.Another object of the present invention is spraying the functional composition with pesticides to prevent calcium deficiency caused by crops and to reduce the disease to protect crops, spraying mixed with pesticides to significantly reduce the amount of pesticides used and save labor It is to provide a method for treating the composition described above.

본 전술한 본 발명의 목적은 석화각을 산과 반응시켜 추출한 칼슘 성분을 함유하는 액상 칼슘 조성물에 의하여 달성된다.The object of the present invention described above is achieved by a liquid calcium composition containing a calcium component extracted by reacting a petrified angle with an acid.

본 발명은 미세한 석화각 분말을 산 반응시켜 추출한 추출물 80∼95중량%, 산단껌 1.0∼0.05중량%, 실리콘 오일 0.05∼0.005중량%, 나머지 물로 조성된 칼슘 성분을 포함하는 액상 칼슘 조성물로 구성된다.The present invention is composed of a liquid calcium composition comprising a calcium component composed of 80 to 95% by weight, extract from acid reaction of fine petrified angle powder, 1.0 to 0.05% by weight of acid sweet gum, 0.05 to 0.005% by weight of silicone oil, and the remaining water. .

본 발명의 조성물은 원예작물 재배시 처리하면 칼슘부족으로 나타나는 생리장해 현상 방지 및 병해 발생을 예방하고, 저장력을 증진시키며, 농약과 혼용 살포할 수 있어서 농약과 혼용 살포하는 경우 농약사용량을 줄일 수 있으며, 생산비를 절감시킬 수 있는 효과를 갖는다.The composition of the present invention can prevent the occurrence of physiological disorders caused by calcium deficiency when treated in cultivation of horticultural crops, prevent the occurrence of diseases, improve storage capacity, and can be sprayed mixed with pesticides can reduce the pesticide use when mixed with pesticides This has the effect of reducing production costs.

전술한 액상 칼슘 조성물을 얻기 위하여 폐기된 석화각을 깨끗이 세척 건조하여 미세분쇄를 한 후 미분쇄 과정을 거쳐 반응조에 산을 투입하고 교반하면서 서서히 분쇄물을 넣는후 반응을 시킨다. 반응시간은 분쇄정도에 따라 다르나 12∼24시간 소요된다. 추출물을 여과기를 이용 여과한 후 계면활성제를 혼합, 교반, 여과하여 액상으로 형성된 칼슘으로 원예작물 재배시 칼슘부족으로 나타나는 생리장해 방지용 조성물을 구성할 수 있다.In order to obtain the above-mentioned liquid calcium composition, the discarded petrification angle is washed, dried, and finely pulverized, followed by a fine pulverization process, an acid is added to the reaction tank, and a pulverized product is slowly added while stirring to react. The reaction time depends on the degree of grinding but takes 12 to 24 hours. After filtering the extract using a filter, the surfactant is mixed, stirred, and filtered to form a composition for preventing physiological disorders, which appears as calcium deficiency when cultivating horticultural crops with calcium formed in the liquid phase.

본 발명의 조성물은 원예작물의 노지재배, 시설재배, 수경재배, 관비재배 등에 사용하는데 적합하도록 조성되었다. 따라서 상기 조성물로 원예작물을 재배하는 방법도 본 발명을 구성한다. 본 발명에 의한 액상칼슘 조성물은 상기 재배방법에 이용할 경우 화학비료와 달리 환경 오염 및 토양 잔류성이 없으면서 효과가 우수한 장점을 갖추고 있다.The composition of the present invention has been formulated to be suitable for use in cultivation of horticultural crops, facility cultivation, hydroponic cultivation, fertilization. Therefore, the method of cultivating a horticultural crop with the composition also constitutes the present invention. Liquid calcium composition according to the present invention has an advantage that the effect is excellent in the absence of environmental pollution and soil residual unlike chemical fertilizer when used in the cultivation method.

본 발명의 칼슘 함유 추출물로는 굴 껍질 단독으로 사용할 수도 있고 조개껍질, 가리비 껍질, 게 껍질, 새우껍질, 계란 껍질 등과 함께 사용할 수도 있다. 반응시 사용되는 산으로는 염산, 황산, 인산, 질산, 구연산, 초산, 젖산, 능금산, 글루콘산 등이 있다.The calcium-containing extract of the present invention may be used alone or in combination with shellfish, scallop shell, crab shell, shrimp shell, egg shell and the like. Acids used in the reaction include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, nitric acid, gluconic acid, and the like.

본 발명의 조성물은 전술한 석화각 추출물과 함께 실리콘 오일과 산단껌을 포함하며, 전술한 성분 외에 키토산, 왁스조성물, 은화합물, 규소화합물 등의 유기 점착제 및 표면장력 강하제를 첨가할 수도 있다.The composition of the present invention includes a silicone oil and acid gum together with the aforementioned petrified angle extract, and in addition to the aforementioned components, organic adhesives such as chitosan, wax compositions, silver compounds, and silicon compounds and surface tension lowering agents may be added.

본 발명의 조성물은 투명갈색 또는 암갈색의 액상칼슘으로 구성되어 있으며, 원예작물에 처리할 때는 물로 100배에서 3000배까지 희석하여 작물의 지상부 또는 지하부에 살포한다. 본 조성물은 식물체의 칼슘 함량을 증가시켜 주어 자기 방어 능력을 향상시키는 작용을 한다.The composition of the present invention is composed of transparent brown or dark brown liquid calcium, and when treated to horticultural crops is diluted 100 times to 3000 times with water and sprayed to the ground or underground part of the crop. The composition serves to increase the calcium content of the plant to improve self-defense.

본 발명의 조성물은 원예작물 생육기간 동안 처리하면 잎, 기공, 어린조직, 표면조직을 통하여 흡수되어 수확시에 세포막조직에 도달하고 칼슘펙테이트를 형성하여 호흡량 및 에틸렌 생성량을 줄이고, 세포벽 분해효소의 발생을 억제하여 결국 연화작용 및 노화작용을 억제하게 된다. 따라서 저장동안 신선한 과실을 오래 유지시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다.The composition of the present invention is absorbed through leaves, pores, young tissues and surface tissues during the growth period of horticultural crops to reach the cell membrane tissue at harvest and form calcium pactate to reduce respiratory volume and ethylene production, It suppresses the occurrence and eventually suppresses softening and aging. Therefore, there is an effect to keep fresh fruit for a long time during storage.

본 발명에 의하면 원예작물에 엽면 살포할 경우 잎, 수피, 과피, 과육조직의 칼슘함량을 증대시키고, 칼슘부족으로 나타나는 생리장해 현상인 사과의 고두병, 배꼽부근 괴사현상, 콕스포트, 밀병, 내부갈변, 열과 및 낙과; 배의 배꼽부근 바람들이 현상과 엽소현상; 복숭아의 바람들이 현상, 엽소현상 및 봉합선 이상발육현상; 단감의 과정부 갈변현상, 과피흑변, 녹반현상, 고추 및 토마토의 배꼽썩음병, 참외 및 멜론의 발효과, 오이의 갈색 심부과 등의 방지에 효과가 우수하다. 또한 병에 대한 내성을 증가시키고 방제 효과를 나타내어 예를 들면 사과의 겹무늬썩음병, 갈색무늬병, 점무늬낙엽병 등에 대한 방제 효과가 있다.According to the present invention, when foliar spraying on horticultural crops increases the calcium content of leaves, bark, rinds, and pulp tissues, the physiological disorders caused by calcium deficiency, apple's scleroderma, nasal necrosis, cocksport, wheat disease, internal browning , Fever and fallen fruit; Wind and chlorophyll near abdominal belly; Wind phenomena, chlorophyll and suture abnormalities in peach; It is effective in the prevention of browning process, skin black stools, green spot phenomena, green rot of peppers and tomatoes, fermentation of melons and melons, and deep brown cucumbers. In addition, it increases the resistance to the disease and shows a control effect, for example, there is a control effect against the double rot, brown pattern, spotted deciduous disease of apples.

본 발명의 조성물은 농약과 함께 살포할 수 있어서, 농약의 살포량 및 횟수를 줄일 수 있고 농약살포시 첨가할 경우 전착제가 필요 없게 된다.The composition of the present invention can be sprayed with pesticides, so that the amount and frequency of spraying of pesticides can be reduced, and when added during pesticide spraying, no electrodeposition agent is required.

또한, 본 발명의 조성물은 칼슘이 다량 함유된 원예작물을 공급할 수 있는 간접적인 효과가 있어 성인병 예방에 효과가 있는 작물을 얻을 수 있으며, 생산비가 저렴하여 원예작물의 생산비를 현저히 줄일 수 있고, 토양오염, 지하수오염, 인체에 대한 독성, 어독성, 생태계 파괴가 나타나지 않게 된다.In addition, the composition of the present invention has an indirect effect of supplying horticultural crops containing a large amount of calcium, thereby obtaining crops that are effective in preventing adult diseases, and the production cost is low, which significantly reduces the production costs of horticultural crops, and the soil. Pollution, groundwater pollution, toxicity to humans, fish toxicity, and destruction of ecosystems will not appear.

이하 실시 예를 통하여 본 발명을 구체적으로 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.

〔실시예〕EXAMPLE

액상칼슘의 조성물 제조Preparation of Liquid Calcium

표 1에 기재된 화합물들을 배합하여 액상칼슘의 조성물을 얻는다.Compounds of Table 1 are combined to obtain a composition of liquid calcium.

[표 1] 조성물의 배합비료[Table 1] Compound Fertilizer

원료명Raw material name 사용량(㎏)Usage (kg) 비율(％)ratio(%) 굴껍질에서 추출한 추출물Extract from Oyster Shell 95.095.0 95.095.0 실리콘 오일Silicone oil 0.050.05 0.050.05 산단껌Acid gum 1.01.0 1.01.0 물water 3.953.95 3.953.95 합계Sum 100100 100100

물성시험Property test

[표 2] 조성물의 물성TABLE 2 Physical Properties of Compositions

색 깔Color pH(1%수용액)pH (1% aqueous solution) 칼슘 함량(%)Calcium content (%) 비중(15℃)Specific gravity (15 ℃) 수용성receptivity 암갈색 ∼ 갈색Dark brown to brown 5.0±55.0 ± 5 15.0±3.015.0 ± 3.0 1.35±0.051.35 ± 0.05 우수Great

조성물의 색, 비중, pH, 수용성 칼슘 함량을 조사한 결과는 표 2와 같다. 이론치와 비슷하게 칼슘 함량이 나타났다.The results of examining the color, specific gravity, pH, and water-soluble calcium content of the composition are shown in Table 2. The calcium content appeared similarly to the theory.

재배시험Cultivation Test

[표 3] 원예작물에서 조성물의 엽면살포가 부위별 칼슘함량에 미치는 영향[Table 3] Effect of foliar spraying of composition on calcium content by site in horticultural crops

작 물Water 처 리process 잎(%)leaf(%) 과피(ppm/%)Rind (ppm /%) 과육(ppm)Pulp (ppm) 고추(이천년)Red pepper (2000 years) 신규조성물New composition 1.90a1.90a -- 709a709a 무처리No treatment 1.52b1.52b -- 635b635b 참외(금싸라기)Melon (gold leaf) 신규조성물New composition 4.75a4.75a 0.675a0.675a 37.5a37.5a 무처리No treatment 4.23b4.23b 0.6730.673 30.3b30.3b 딸기(여홍)Strawberry (red) 신규조성물New composition 2.15a2.15a -- 120.6a120.6a 무처리No treatment 1.66b1.66b -- 80.1b80.1b 상추(청치마)Lettuce 신규조성물New composition 0.91a0.91a -- -- 무처리No treatment 0.86b0.86b -- -- 시금치(파로그)Spinach (Farogue) 신규조성물New composition 0.30a0.30a -- -- 무처리No treatment 0.24b0.24b -- -- 배(신고)Ship (report) 신규조성물New composition 1.73a1.73a 561a561a 69.4a69.4a 무처리No treatment 1.56b1.56b 464b464b 59.9b59.9b 단감(부유)Persimmon (floating) 신규조성물New composition 1.84a1.84a 1.05a1.05a 715a715a 무처리No treatment 1.63b1.63b 0.99b0.99b 678b678b 사과(후지)Apple (Fuji) 신규조성물New composition 1.14a1.14a 0.068a0.068a 160a160a 무처리No treatment 0.97b0.97b 0.054b0.054b 128b128b 포도(거봉)Grapes (Gebon) 신규조성물New composition 1.73a1.73a 749749 -- 무처리No treatment 1.52b1.52b 725725 --

*(): 품종임.* (): Breed.

**살포횟수: 작물에 따라 다르나 2∼4회 살포.** Number of spraying: depending on the crop, but spray 2 to 4 times.

***통계처리: RCB DMRT, 5%.*** Statistical treatment: RCB DMRT, 5%.

표 3에서 보는 바와 같이 고추 외 8개 작물에서 엽면살포 후 잎, 과피, 과육의 칼슘함량이 현저히 높았다.As shown in Table 3, the calcium content of leaves, rinds, and pulp was significantly higher after foliar spraying in eight other crops.

[표 4] 채소작물에서 조성물의 엽면살포가 수량에 미치는 영향[Table 4] Effect of foliar spraying of composition on yield in vegetable crops

처 리process 상추(㎏/10a)Lettuce (kg / 10a) 시금치(㎏/10a)Spinach (kg / 10a) 풋고추(㎏/10a)Green pepper (kg / 10a) 건고추(㎏/10a)Dried red pepper (kg / 10a) 신규조성물New composition 450(110.8)450 (110.8) 1,455(110.1)1,455 (110.1) 2,890(108.5)2,890 (108.5) 714(109.3)714 (109.3) 무처리No treatment 406(100)406 (100) 1,322(100)1,322 (100) 2,662(100)2,662 (100) 653(100)653 (100)

*(): 지수임* (): Exponent

**상추:청치마, 시금치:파로그, 고추: 금탑** lettuce: chives, spinach: palog, chili: gold pagoda

표 4에서 보는 바와 같이 무처리에 비하여 상추 10.8%, 시금치 10.1%, 풋고추 8.5%, 건고추 9.3%를 수량 증대 시킬 수 있었다.As shown in Table 4, the yields of lettuce 10.8%, spinach 10.1%, green pepper 8.5%, and dried pepper 9.3% were increased.

[표 5] 채소작물에서 조성물의 엽면살포가 칼슘부족으로 나타나는 생리장해 발생에 미치는 영향[Table 5] Effect of foliar spray on composition of physiological disorders caused by calcium deficiency in vegetable crops

처 리process 참외발효과(%)Melon effect (%) 참외과피오점과(%)Melon and Pio Pear 상추팁번(%)Lettuce Tip Burn (%) 고추배꼽썩음과(%)Red Pepper Belly Rotting (%) 신규조성물New composition 48.348.3 8.68.6 7.47.4 2.32.3 무처리No treatment 85.9*85.9 * 15.7*15.7 * 9.59.5 13.2*13.2 *

*품종: 참외;금싸라기, 상추;청치마, 고추;금탑* Breed: Melon; Golden, Lettuce; Chamber, Chili; Gold Tower

**통계처리: t-test, 5%** Statistic: t-test, 5%

[표 6] 과수작물에서 조성물의 엽면살포가 생리장해 발생에 미치는 영향[Table 6] Effect of foliar spray on composition of physiological disorders in fruit crops

처 리process 고두병(%)Scoliosis (%) 열과(%)Fever and% 낙과(%)Fall fruits (%) 겹무늬썩음병(%)Double rot (%) 녹반과(%)Green spots (%) 과정부갈변과(%)Process fractionality (%) 사과쓰가루Apple powder 신규조성물New composition -- 4.14.1 15.415.4 -- -- -- 무처리No treatment -- 13.1*13.1 * 43.6*43.6 * -- -- -- 사과조나골드Apple Zona Gold 신규조성물New composition 5.25.2 -- -- -- -- -- 무처리No treatment 14.9*14.9 * -- -- -- -- -- 사과후지Apple Fuji 신규조성물New composition 2.92.9 -- -- 3.73.7 -- -- 무처리No treatment 17.6*17.6 * -- -- 11.3*11.3 * -- -- 단감부유Persimmon 신규조성물New composition -- -- -- -- 4.64.6 24.724.7 무처리No treatment -- -- -- -- 14.8*14.8 * 50.8*50.8 *

*통계처리: t-test, 5%Statistical processing: t-test, 5%

** 발생율=이병과수/총과수×100** Occurrence Rate = Both Fruits / Total Fruits × 100

5와 표 6은 채소작물과 과수작물에 신규 조성물을 엽면살포한 후 생리장해를 조사한 결과, 참외의 발효과 및 과피오점과는 44∼45%, 상추의 팁번은 19%, 고추의 배꼽썩음과는 82.5%, 사과의 고두병은 64∼84%, 열과는 69%, 낙과는 65%, 겹무늬썩음병은 67%, 단감의 녹반과는 69%, 과정부갈변과는 51% 줄일 수 있었다.5 and Table 6 show the physiological disorders after foliar spraying of the new composition on vegetable crops and fruit trees. 82.5%, apples' 64% to 84%, fever 69%, larch 65%, layered rot, 67%, sweet persimmons 69%, and process stool 51%.

표 7] 배나무에서 조성물의 엽면살포에 따른 낙엽율에 미치는 영향Table 7] Effect on the defoliation rate of foliar spray on the composition of pear tree

처 리process 전 체(%)all(%) 신초잎(%)Sprout leaf (%) 과총잎(%)Over total leaves (%) 조성물 4회 살포Spray composition 4 times 8.8b8.8b 9.09.0 7.2c7.2c 조성물 2회 살포Spray twice composition 9.9b9.9b 9.59.5 11.0bc11.0bc 조성물 1회 살포Spray composition once 11.5ab11.5ab 10.910.9 13.3b13.3b 무 처 리No treatment 13.2a13.2a 11.211.2 `19.8a`19.8a

*품종: 행수* Breed: row count

**통계처리: RCB DMRT, 5%** Statistics: RCB DMRT, 5%

표 7은 배나무에서 조성물 엽면살포 횟수별 낙엽율을 조사한 결과, 4회 살포가 가장 효과가 좋았으며 신초잎 보다 과총잎이 효과적 이었다. 낙엽율을 33∼36% 줄일 수 있었다.Table 7 shows the deciduous ratios of the foliar sprays according to the number of foliar sprays, and the four sprays were the most effective and the overleaf leaves were more effective than the shoot leaves. Deciduous rate was reduced by 33 ~ 36%.

[표 8] 조성물 엽면살포에 따른 수확시 과실 품질에 미치는 영향[Table 8] Effects on fruit quality during harvesting of foliar application

처 리process 과중(g)Overweight (g) 경도(㎏)Hardness (kg) 당도(%)Sugar content (%) 산도(%)Acidity (%) 딸기(여홍)Strawberry (red) 조성물Composition 13.613.6 0.49*0.49 * 11.811.8 -- 무처리No treatment 16.916.9 0.390.39 10.810.8 -- 사과(후지)Apple (Fuji) 조성물Composition 299299 1.69*1.69 * 15.415.4 0.230.23 무처리No treatment 286286 1.571.57 14.914.9 0.230.23 배(신고)Ship (report) 조성물Composition 841841 1.09*1.09 * 11.011.0 0.090.09 무처리No treatment 825825 0.910.91 11.211.2 0.080.08 단감(부유)Persimmon (floating) 조성물Composition -- 2.98*2.98 * 13.713.7 -- 무처리No treatment -- 2.652.65 14.514.5 --

*통계처리; t-test, 5%Statistical processing; t-test, 5%

8의 조성물 엽면살포에 따른 수확시 과실품질에 미치는 영향을 보면,과중,당도,산도에는 큰 차이가 없었으나, 과실 경도는 현저한 차이를 보여 과실의 견고성을 높혀 저장력을 높일 수 있었다.The effect of the foliar spray on the composition of 8 showed no significant difference in fruit weight, sugar content and acidity, but the fruit hardness was remarkable difference, which increased the firmness of the fruit and increased storage capacity.

[표 9] 사과에서 조성물 엽면살표에 따른 저장동안 과실의 생리적인 변화TABLE 9 Physiological Changes of Fruits During Storage with Composition Leaf Flap in Apples

처 리process 저장 후 일수Days after storage 00 1010 2020 3030 6060 9090 120120 과육칼슘Flesh calcium 조성물Composition -- 197*197 * 265*265 * 255255 -- -- -- 무처리No treatment -- 177177 248248 251251 -- -- -- 세포벽칼슘Cell wall calcium 조성물Composition 602*602 * -- -- 637*637 * 451451 504*504 * -- 무처리No treatment 437437 -- -- 476476 430430 303303 -- 펙틴pectin 조성물Composition 224*224 * -- -- 268*268 * 266266 -- 249*249 * 무처리No treatment 188188 -- -- 228228 256256 -- 190190 에틸렌Ethylene 조성물Composition -- 56.556.5 73.973.9 87.187.1 -- -- -- 무처리No treatment 4.14.1 41.641.6 82.1*82.1 * 93.0*93.0 * -- -- -- 이산화탄소carbon dioxide 조성물Composition -- 565565 93.0*93.0 * 467467 -- -- -- 무처리No treatment 472472 611*611 * 87.187.1 572*572 * -- -- --

*통계처리; t-test, 5%Statistical processing; t-test, 5%

9는 사과에서 조성물을 엽면살포한 다음 수확 저장하여 과실의 생리변화를 본 결과 과육 및 세포벽의 칼슘함량, 펙틴함량이 유지되었고, 에틸렌 및 이산화탄소 발생량을 줄일 수 있었다.9, after foliar spraying of the composition in apples and harvested and stored to see the physiological changes of the fruit, the calcium content, pectin content of the flesh and cell walls were maintained, and ethylene and carbon dioxide generation could be reduced.

무처리과 조성물처리과 무처리과 조성물처리과No treatment, composition treatment

▷수확시 세포벽 중층(ML)의 용해정도 저장 120일 후 세포벽 중층(ML)의 용해정도▷ degree of solubility of the cell wall middle layer (ML) during harvest 120 degrees of solubility of the cell wall middle layer (ML) after storage

*배품종: 금풍 *사과품종: 후지* Supply varieties: gold wind * apple varieties: Fuji

배와 사과에 신규조성물을 엽면살포하여 수확시 및 저장 120일에 전자현미경으로 세포벽을 관찰한 결과, 흡수된 칼슘이 유지되면서 세포벽 중층의 붕괴가 되지 않아 저장력을 증진시킬 수 있었다.The foliar spraying of the new composition on pears and apples observed cell walls with electron microscopy at 120 days of harvest and storage. As a result, the absorbed calcium was maintained and the cell wall middle layer did not collapse, thereby enhancing storage capacity.

Claims (6)

원예작물의 생리장해 방지용 조성물에 있어서, 조성물 총 중량에 대하여 석화각에서 추출한 추출물 80∼95중량%, 실리콘 오일 0.05∼0.005중량%, 산단껌 1.0%∼0.05중량%, 나머지 물을 혼합하여 서된 칼슘 성분을 함유하는 액상 칼슘 조성물.In the composition for preventing physiological disorders of horticultural crops, calcium obtained by mixing 80-95% by weight of extract extracted from petrified angle, 0.05-0.005% by weight of silicone oil, 1.0% -0.05% by weight of acid gum, and the remaining water Liquid calcium composition containing a component. 제1항에 있어서, 석화각 추출물이 새우껍질, 게껍질, 조개껍질, 가리비껍질, 계란껍질 등에서 추출한 추출물을 포함함을 특징으로 하는 조성물.The composition according to claim 1, wherein the petrified shell extract comprises an extract extracted from shrimp shell, crab shell, clam shell, scallop shell, egg shell, and the like. 제1항 및 제2항에 있어서, 상기 석화각 추출물이 석화각 분말을 염산, 황산, 인산, 질산, 구연산, 초산, 젖산, 능금산, 글루콘산 중에서 선택한 산과 반응시켜 생성한 반응물로부터 얻어진 것임을 특징으로 하는 조성물.The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the petrified angle extract is obtained from a reactant produced by reacting the petrified angle powder with an acid selected from hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, uric acid, and gluconic acid. Composition. 제 1항에 있어서, 이 조성물이 추가로 키토산, 왁스조성물, 은화합물 중에서 선택한 1종 이상의 성분을 포함함을 특징으로 하는 조성물.The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises one or more components selected from chitosan, wax compositions, and silver compounds. 제1항에 있어서, 전술한 조성물 총중량에 대하여 굴 껍질을 산 처리하여 추출한 추출물 95.0중량%, 실리콘 오일 0.05중량%, 산단껌 1.0중량%, 물 3.95%로 이루어짐을 특징으로 하는 조성물.The composition according to claim 1, wherein the extract comprises 95.0% by weight of the oyster shell extracted by acid treatment, 0.05% by weight of silicone oil, 1.0% by weight of gum, and 3.95% by water. 제1항 내지 5항에 기제된 조성물을 물로 10배 내지 3000배로 희석하여 농약과 함께 재배 중의 원예작물의 지상부 및 지하부에 처리함을 특징으로 하는 액체 원예작물의 칼슘 부족현상 방지 방법.A method for preventing calcium deficiency of liquid horticultural crops, wherein the composition based on claims 1 to 5 is diluted 10 to 3000 times with water and treated with pesticides in the above-ground and underground areas of horticultural crops during cultivation.
KR10-2001-0083875A 2001-12-24 2001-12-24 Liquid calcium composition extracted from oyster shell and its using method KR100491554B1 (en)

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JPH06319487A (en) * 1993-05-10 1994-11-22 Morio Tokoro Liquid calcium and its production
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KR20010078832A (en) * 2001-04-12 2001-08-22 조남수 The calcium-lactate be made use of shell manufacturing process
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