KR20020091457A - Method for control color property of tft-lcd - Google Patents
Method for control color property of tft-lcd Download PDFInfo
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- KR20020091457A KR20020091457A KR1020010030134A KR20010030134A KR20020091457A KR 20020091457 A KR20020091457 A KR 20020091457A KR 1020010030134 A KR1020010030134 A KR 1020010030134A KR 20010030134 A KR20010030134 A KR 20010030134A KR 20020091457 A KR20020091457 A KR 20020091457A
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- lcd
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- JMEVHYCNAPFOAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-hydroxy-5-sulfo-1H-indol-2-yl)-3-oxoindole-5-sulfonic acid Chemical compound Oc1c([nH]c2ccc(cc12)S(O)(=O)=O)C1=Nc2ccc(cc2C1=O)S(O)(=O)=O JMEVHYCNAPFOAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009125 cardiac resynchronization therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
- G02F1/133514—Colour filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
- G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/40—Arrangements for improving the aperture ratio
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
- G09G2320/0666—Adjustment of display parameters for control of colour parameters, e.g. colour temperature
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 박막 트랜지스터 액정표시장치에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는, 블랙 매트릭스의 설계 변경을 이용한 개구율의 조절로 박막 트랜지스터 액정표시장치의 색특성을 제어하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a thin film transistor liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to a method of controlling color characteristics of a thin film transistor liquid crystal display device by adjusting an aperture ratio using a design change of a black matrix.
액정표시장치는 CRT(Cathod-ray tube)를 대신하여 개발되어져 왔다. 특히, 박막 트랜지스터 액정표시장치(TFT-LCD)는 CRT에 필적할만한 고화질화, 대형화 및 컬러화 등을 실현하였기 때문에, 최근에 들어서는, 노트북 PC 및 모니터 시장에서크게 각광 받고 있다.Liquid crystal displays have been developed in place of the CRT (Cathod-ray tube). In particular, thin film transistor liquid crystal displays (TFT-LCDs) have realized high quality, large size, and color that are comparable to CRTs, and thus, have recently been in the spotlight in the notebook PC and monitor market.
이와 같은 TFT-LCD는 어레이 기판과 컬러필터 기판이 액정층의 개재하에 합착된 구조를 이루며, 상기 어레이 기판에는 게이트 버스 라인, 데이터 버스 라인, TFT 및 화소전극이 구비되며, 컬러필터 기판에는 레드(R), 그린(G) 및 블루(B)의 컬러필터와 블랙 매트릭스 및 상대전극이 구비된다.Such a TFT-LCD has a structure in which an array substrate and a color filter substrate are bonded to each other under an intervening liquid crystal layer. The array substrate includes a gate bus line, a data bus line, a TFT, and a pixel electrode. R), green (G) and blue (B) color filters, a black matrix and a counter electrode are provided.
한편, TFT-LCD에 있어서, 색상 표현은 주로 컬러필터를 구성하는 레드, 그린, 및 블루의 필터의 구성에 따라 결정된다. 이것은 레드, 그린 및 블루의 필터의 구성에 따라 색온도, 색재현성, 및 화이트 밸런스(White Balance) 등과 같은 색특성이 결정되기 때문이다. 특히, 상기한 요소들, 즉, 색온도, 색재현 및 화이트 밸런스 등은 TFT-LCD의 화질에 결정적인 영향을 미치므로, 상기 요소들에 대한 제어는 TFT-LCD의 화질 향상을 위해서 필수적으로 고려되어야 할 사항이다.On the other hand, in the TFT-LCD, the color representation is mainly determined by the configuration of the red, green, and blue filters constituting the color filter. This is because color characteristics such as color temperature, color reproducibility, and white balance are determined by the configuration of the filters of red, green, and blue. In particular, the above factors, namely, color temperature, color reproduction, and white balance have a decisive influence on the image quality of the TFT-LCD, and therefore control over the elements must be considered to improve the image quality of the TFT-LCD. It is.
여기서, 상기 요소들은 안료의 두께나, 백라이트의 분광 특성에 의해서 큰 영향을 받는다. 따라서, TFT-LCD의 색특성을 개선하기 위해, 종래에는 레드, 그린 및 블루 필터의 안료 두께를 조절하거나, 또는, 백라이트의 분광 특성을 조절하는 방법을 이용하고 있다.Here, the factors are greatly influenced by the thickness of the pigment and the spectral characteristics of the backlight. Therefore, in order to improve the color characteristics of the TFT-LCD, conventionally, a method of adjusting the pigment thickness of the red, green and blue filters, or adjusting the spectral characteristics of the backlight is used.
그러나, TFT-LCD의 색특성 개선을 위한 종래의 방법은 안료의 두께나 백라이트의 분광특성을 조절하는데 많은 비용이 소요되고, 그리고, 용이하지 못하다는 문제점이 있다. 특히, 안료의 두께로 색특성을 조절하는 방법은 각 요소들이 트레이드-오프(trade-off) 관계가 있어서 용이하지 못하다.However, the conventional method for improving the color characteristics of the TFT-LCD has a problem that it takes a lot of cost and is not easy to adjust the thickness of the pigment or the spectral characteristics of the backlight. In particular, the method of adjusting the color characteristics by the thickness of the pigment is not easy because each element has a trade-off relationship.
따라서, 본 발명은 상기와 같은 종래의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 보다 적은 비용으로도 용이하게 색특성을 제어할 수 있는 TFT-LCD의 색특성 제어방법을 제공함에 그 목적이 있다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling color characteristics of a TFT-LCD, which is designed to solve the above-described problems and can easily control color characteristics at a lower cost.
도 1은 종래 동일한 개구율을 갖는 레드, 그린 및 블루 필터를 도시한 도면.1 shows a red, green and blue filter having the same aperture ratio in the prior art.
도 2는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 서로 상이한 개구율을 갖는 레드, 그린 및 블루 필터를 도시한 도면.2 illustrates red, green and blue filters having different aperture ratios in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
(도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명)(Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawing)
11 : 레드 컬러필터 12 : 그린 컬러필터11: red color filter 12: green color filter
13 : 블루 컬러필터 14 : 블랙 매트릭스13: blue color filter 14: black matrix
상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 TFT-LCD의 색특성 제어방법은, TFT 및 화소전극이 구비된 어레이 기판과, 레드, 그린 및 블루 필터로 구성된 컬러필터와 블랙 매트릭스가 구비된 컬러필터 기판이 액정층의 개재하에 합착되어 이루어진 TFT-LCD에서의 색특성을 제어하는 방법에 있어서, 상기 블랙 매트릭스에 의해 한정되는 레드, 그린 및 블루 필터의 개구 크기를 변경하여, 상기 레드, 그린 및 블루 필터 중에서 적어도 어느 하나 이상의 필터의 개구율을 증감시키는 것을 특징으로 한다.In order to achieve the above object, a method of controlling color characteristics of a TFT-LCD according to the present invention includes a color filter including an array substrate provided with a TFT and a pixel electrode, a color filter composed of red, green and blue filters, and a black matrix. A method of controlling color characteristics in a TFT-LCD in which a substrate is bonded under an intervening liquid crystal layer, wherein the opening sizes of the red, green, and blue filters defined by the black matrix are changed to change the red, green, and blue colors. It is characterized by increasing or decreasing the aperture ratio of at least one of the filters.
본 발명에 따르면, 블랙 매트릭스의 설계 변경을 통해 레드, 그린 및 블루 필터의 개구율을 조절함으로써, 각 필터에서의 투과율 변경을 통한 화이트 밸런스 값의 변화를 이룰 수 있으며, 그래서, 적은 비용으로도 매우 용이하게 TFT-LCD의 색특성을 제어할 수 있다.According to the present invention, by adjusting the aperture ratio of the red, green and blue filters through the design change of the black matrix, the change of the white balance value can be achieved by changing the transmittance in each filter, so that it is very easy even at low cost. It is possible to control the color characteristics of the TFT-LCD.
(실시예)(Example)
이하, 첨부된 도면에 의거하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 보다 상세하게 설명하도록 한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
TFT-LCD는 TFT 및 화소전극이 구비된 어레이 기판과 레드(R), 그린(G) 및 블루(B)의 필터로 구성된 컬러필터와 블랙 매트릭스가 구비된 컬러필터 기판이 액정층의 개재하에 합착된 구조로서, 상기 레드, 그린 및 블루 필터의 구성에 따라 그 색특성이 달라지며, 이러한 색특성의 변화에 따라 그 화질이 영향을 받는다.TFT-LCD has an array substrate with TFT and pixel electrodes, a color filter consisting of filters of red (R), green (G) and blue (B), and a color filter substrate with black matrix bonded together through the liquid crystal layer. In this structure, the color characteristics of the red, green, and blue filters vary, and the image quality is affected by the change in the color characteristics.
따라서, TFT-LCD의 색특성을 제어하기 위해, 본 발명은 다음과 같이 블랙 매트릭스의 설계 변경을 통한 색특성 제어방법을 제안한다.Therefore, in order to control the color characteristics of the TFT-LCD, the present invention proposes a method of controlling color characteristics by changing the design of the black matrix as follows.
일반적으로, 컬러필터의 색특성 데이터는 패널 레벨(panel level)에서의 데이터가 아니라, 컬러필터 그 자체의 색특성만을 나타내는 것이다. 따라서, 패널에서의 컬러필터는 그 자체의 색특성이 개구율에 의한 투과율 변화에 의해 변하게 된다. 즉, 투과율, 색좌표, 화이트 밸런스 등과 같은 컬러필터의 색특성은 안료의 두께 및 성질에 따라 결정되는 것이지만, 패널에 적용될 경우, 개구율에 따라서도 변할 수 있다는 것이다.In general, the color characteristic data of the color filter represents only the color characteristics of the color filter itself, not data at the panel level. Therefore, in the color filter in the panel, its own color characteristics change due to the change in transmittance caused by the aperture ratio. That is, the color characteristics of the color filter such as transmittance, color coordinates, white balance, etc. are determined depending on the thickness and properties of the pigment, but when applied to the panel, it may also change depending on the aperture ratio.
그러므로, 개구 영역의 크기를 한정하는 블랙 매트릭스의 설계를 변경시키면, 매우 용이하게 TFT의 색특성을 제어할 수 있다.Therefore, by changing the design of the black matrix which limits the size of the opening area, it is possible to control the color characteristics of the TFT very easily.
자세하게, TFT-LCD에 있어서는 빛이 투과될 수 있는 영역인 개구 영역이 사용자가 바라보게 되는 기판, 즉, 컬러필터 기판에 형성되는 블랙 매트릭스에 의해 한정된다. 상기 블랙 매트릭스는 크롬과 같은 불투명 금속으로 이루어지는 차광 수단으로서, 사각형의 화소 영역을 둘러싸는 형태로 형성되며, 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 통상 모든 개구 영역의 길이(L) 및 폭(w1, w2, w3)이 동일하도록 형성된다. 따라서, 블랙 매트릭스(4)에 의해 한정되는 레드, 그린 및 블루 필터(1, 2, 3)의 개구율은 모두 동일하게 된다.In detail, in the TFT-LCD, an opening region, which is a region through which light can pass, is defined by a black matrix formed on a substrate to be viewed by a user, that is, a color filter substrate. The black matrix is a light shielding means made of an opaque metal such as chromium. The black matrix is formed to surround a rectangular pixel region. As shown in FIG. 1, the length L and the widths w1 and w2 of all the opening regions are generally shown. , w3) are formed to be the same. Therefore, the aperture ratios of the red, green, and blue filters 1, 2, and 3 defined by the black matrix 4 are all the same.
그러나, 블랙 매트릭스에 의해 한정되는 개구 영역들의 크기를 조절할 경우,즉, 각 필터의 개구 영역의 크기가 상이하도록 만들 경우, 각 필터의 개구율에 따른 투과율은 변화되며, 이 결과로서, 색특성의 제어가 가능하게 된다.However, when adjusting the size of the opening areas defined by the black matrix, that is, making the size of the opening area of each filter different, the transmittance according to the opening ratio of each filter is changed, and as a result, the control of the color characteristics Becomes possible.
도 2는 본 발명의 일실시예에 따라 레드, 그린 및 블루의 필터가 서로 상이한 개구율을 갖도록 형성된 경우를 도시한 도면으로서, 도시된 바와 같이, 레드, 그린 및 블루 필터(11, 12, 13)의 개구 영역의 길이(d)와 블루 필터(13)의 폭(w3)은 도 1에서의 그것들(L, w3)과 동일하지만, 레드 필터(11)의 폭(w1′)은 상대저으로 증가되었으며, 그린 필터(12)의 폭(w2′)은 상대적으로 감소되었다.FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a case in which red, green, and blue filters are formed to have different opening ratios according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown, red, green, and blue filters 11, 12, and 13 are illustrated. The length d of the opening region of and the width w3 of the blue filter 13 are the same as those (L, w3) in FIG. 1, but the width w1 ′ of the red filter 11 increases relative to the bottom. And the width w2 'of the green filter 12 is relatively reduced.
이와 같은 구조에 있어서, 블루 필터(13)의 투과율은 변함이 없지만, 레드 필터(11)의 투과율은 개구율의 증가로 인해 증가되며, 반면, 그린 필터(12)의 투과율은 개구율의 감소로 인해 감소되고, 결국, 레드, 그린 및 블루 필터(11, 12, 13)로 구성에 따른 화이트 밸런스의 변화가 일어나게 되어 색특성이 변화된다.In this structure, the transmittance of the blue filter 13 is not changed, but the transmittance of the red filter 11 is increased due to the increase in the aperture ratio, while the transmittance of the green filter 12 is decreased due to the decrease in the aperture ratio. As a result, a change in the white balance occurs depending on the configuration of the red, green, and blue filters 11, 12, and 13, thereby changing the color characteristics.
하기의 표 1은 초기 레드, 그린 및 블루 필터의 색좌표를 나타낸 것이고, 표 2는 개구율이 50%인 패널에 적용된 경우에서의 각 필터의 색좌표를 나타낸 것이다.Table 1 below shows the color coordinates of the initial red, green and blue filters, and Table 2 shows the color coordinates of each filter when applied to the panel having an opening ratio of 50%.
상기 표 1에서, 레드, 그린 및 블루와 화이트 밸런스의 투과율은 패널 상태가 아니라 컬러필터 상태에서의 투과율이며, 표 2에서의 각 투과율은 개구율이 50%인 패널에서의 투과율, 즉, 표 1의 각 투과율에 0.5를 곱한 값이다.In Table 1, the transmittances of red, green, and blue and white balance are not transmittance in the panel state but in the color filter state, and each transmittance in Table 2 is the transmittance in the panel having an opening ratio of 50%, that is, in Table 1 Each transmittance is multiplied by 0.5.
하기의 표 3은 레드 및 블루 필터의 개구율은 고정시킨 상태에서, 그린 필터의 개구율을 각각 45%, 50% 및 55%로 변경한 경우에서의 화이트 밸런스의 변화를 나타낸 것이다.Table 3 below shows changes in white balance when the aperture ratios of the red and blue filters are fixed, and the aperture ratios of the green filters are changed to 45%, 50% and 55%, respectively.
상기 표 3에 있어서, X 및 Y 좌표는 표 1 및 표 2에서의 그것과 거의 유사하지만, 투과율은 변화되었음을 알 수 있다.In Table 3, the X and Y coordinates are almost similar to those in Tables 1 and 2, but it can be seen that the transmittance has changed.
결국, 상기 표 1, 2 및 3을 참조할 때, 레드, 그린 및 블루 필터 중에서 어느 하나의 개구율만 변경시켜도, 화이트 밸런스 값이 변한다는 것을 알 수 있으며, 이것으로부터, 각 필터의 개구율 조절함으로써, TFT-LCD의 색특성을 제어할 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. 그러므로, 본 발명은 각 필터의 개구율, 즉, 개구 영역의 크기를 한정하는 블랙 매트릭스를 변경시킴으로써, 종래의 그것과 비교해서, 저비용으로도 매우 용이하게 TFT-LCD의 색특성을 개선시킬 수 있다As a result, when referring to the above Tables 1, 2 and 3, it can be seen that the white balance value changes even if only the aperture ratio of the red, green and blue filters is changed. From this, by adjusting the aperture ratio of each filter, It can be seen that the color characteristics of the TFT-LCD can be controlled. Therefore, by changing the aperture ratio of each filter, i.e., the black matrix which defines the size of the aperture region, the present invention can improve the color characteristics of the TFT-LCD very easily, even at low cost, compared with the conventional one.
한편, 본 발명의 실시예에서는 컬러필터의 폭 조절을 통해 개구율이 변화도록 하였지만, 각 컬러필터에서의 개구율을 변화시키기 위한 방법으로서 개구 영역의 길이를 변화시키는 방법도 적용 가능하다.On the other hand, in the embodiment of the present invention, the aperture ratio is changed by adjusting the width of the color filter, but a method of changing the length of the aperture region is also applicable as a method for changing the aperture ratio in each color filter.
이상에서와 같이, 본 발명은 블랙 매트릭스를 설계 변경을 통해 레드, 그린 및 블루 필터 중에서 어느 하나 이상의 필터에 대한 개구율을 조절함으로써, 매우 용이하면서도 비용의 추가없이 TFT-LCD의 색특성을 제어할 수 있으며, 그래서, TFT-LCD의 화질을 개선시킬 수 있다.As described above, the present invention can control the color characteristics of the TFT-LCD without any additional cost by adjusting the aperture ratio of any one or more of red, green and blue filters through the design change of the black matrix. Thus, the image quality of the TFT-LCD can be improved.
한편, 여기에서는 본 발명의 특정 실시예에 대하여 설명하고 도시하였지만, 당업자에 의하여 이에 대한 수정과 변형을 할 수 있다. 따라서, 이하, 특허청구의 범위는 본 발명의 진정한 사상과 범위에 속하는 한 모든 수정과 변형을 포함하는 것으로 이해할 수 있다.Meanwhile, although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described and illustrated, modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the following claims are to be understood as including all modifications and variations as long as they fall within the true spirit and scope of the present invention.
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