KR20020035905A - Camshaft - Google Patents

Camshaft Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20020035905A
KR20020035905A KR1020000065694A KR20000065694A KR20020035905A KR 20020035905 A KR20020035905 A KR 20020035905A KR 1020000065694 A KR1020000065694 A KR 1020000065694A KR 20000065694 A KR20000065694 A KR 20000065694A KR 20020035905 A KR20020035905 A KR 20020035905A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
cam
shaft
helical gear
engine
camshaft
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Application number
KR1020000065694A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
이종원
Original Assignee
이계안
현대자동차주식회사
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Application filed by 이계안, 현대자동차주식회사 filed Critical 이계안
Priority to KR1020000065694A priority Critical patent/KR20020035905A/en
Publication of KR20020035905A publication Critical patent/KR20020035905A/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02Valve drive
    • F01L1/04Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0475Hollow camshafts

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  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A helical gear is formed in a cam shaft, and gear is formed in inner circumference of the cam shaft to change valve timing properly and to improve engine performance. CONSTITUTION: In a combustion chamber opening/closing device, an outer shaft(20) is a hollow body having a round groove(21), and is formed with a gear groove(22). A cam(30) is formed with an inner helical gear(31) in a constant interval, and is inserted to the round groove(21). An inner shaft(40) is inserted to an inner hole(23) of the outer shaft(20), and is formed with outer helical gear(41). A solenoid moves forward and backward the inner shaft(40) by an ECU.

Description

캠샤프트{Camshaft}Camshafts {Camshaft}

본 발명은 차량의 캠샤프트에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 캠샤프트를 중공으로 하며 그 내부에 헬리컬기어를 형성하고 캠의 내주연에 기어를 형성하여 엔진의 밸브타이밍이 필요에 따라 변화될 수 있도록 하므로서 엔진속도변화에 따라최적조건의 밸브타이밍을 구현하고 그로 인한 엔진성능이 향상될 수 있도록 하는 캠샤프트에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a cam shaft of a vehicle, and more particularly, to make the cam shaft hollow, to form a helical gear therein, and to form a gear on the inner circumference of the cam so that the valve timing of the engine can be changed as necessary. Accordingly, the present invention relates to a camshaft that realizes an optimum valve timing according to a change in engine speed and improves engine performance.

캠샤프트는 흡기밸브 및 배기밸브와 같은 수의 캠을 바른 위치와 각도로 배열한 축이며, 일반적으로 크랭크샤프트와 평행하게 크랭크케이스의 옆부분이나 위쪽에 베어링으로 지지되어 있다.The camshaft is an axis in which the same number of cams as the intake valves and the exhaust valves are arranged at the right positions and angles, and is generally supported by bearings on the side or top of the crankcase in parallel with the crankshaft.

캠샤프트에는 이밖에 연료펌프를 구동하는 편심캠과 배전기나 오일펌프를 구동하는 헬리컬기어가 부착되어 있다.Camshafts are also equipped with eccentric cams that drive fuel pumps and helical gears that drive distributors or oil pumps.

캠 표면의 곡선은 약간만 변화해도 각 밸브의 개폐시기나 리프트가 달라져, 기관의 성능에 큰 영향을 주므로 장시간 사용해도 캠표면의 마모나 캠샤프트가 휘는 것을 될 수 있는대로 적게 하기 위해 내마모성이 큰 주철을 쓰며 캠표면만을 열처리하여 경화한 것을 사용한다.Even if the curve of the cam surface is slightly changed, the opening and closing times and lifts of each valve change, which greatly affects the performance of the engine. Therefore, cast iron with high abrasion resistance is used to reduce the wear of the cam surface and the camshaft as long as it can be used for a long time. Use hardened by heat treatment only cam surface.

일반적으로 캠샤프트의 구조는 도 5와 도 6에서 나타낸 바와 같이 엔진의 연소실과 매니폴드의 유로를 개폐하는 기능을 갖는 것으로, 밸브(13)의 개폐는 회전하는 캠샤프트(10)의 캠부(11)에 로커아암(12)의 단부가 접촉되어 로커아암(12)을 상하로 작동시키고, 이러한 작동구조의 로커아암(12)의 또다른 단부에 연결된 밸브 (13)가 상하로 작동되어 연소실의 개폐를 이루는 구조를 갖는다.In general, the camshaft has a function of opening and closing the flow path of the combustion chamber of the engine and the manifold as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, and the opening and closing of the valve 13 is the cam portion 11 of the rotating camshaft 10. The rocker arm 12 is in contact with the end of the rocker arm 12 to operate up and down, and the valve 13 connected to the other end of the rocker arm 12 of this operating structure is operated up and down to open and close the combustion chamber. It has a structure that constitutes.

이때, 캠(11)의 형상에 의해 밸브(13)의 리프트 개폐시기가 정해지고 이 형상은 가속도가 가능한 한 일정하게 되도록 컴퓨터로 계산하여 결정된다.At this time, the lift opening / closing time of the valve 13 is determined by the shape of the cam 11, and this shape is determined by computer calculation so that the acceleration is as constant as possible.

즉, 일반적인 캠샤프트는 밸브타이밍과 리프트를 고정제작하여 엔진작동시 운전중 필요에 의해 변경하는 것이 불가능한 고정식이었다.In other words, the general camshaft was a fixed type that could not be changed as necessary during operation when the engine was operated by fixedly manufacturing the valve timing and the lift.

따라서 종래의 고정식 캠샤프트는 엔진의 운전조건 변화에 따른 밸브타이밍의 변경을 불가능하게 하며, 이로 인해 저속구간과 고속구간에서의 공기유동의 변화요구를 충족할 수 없다는 문제점이 있었다.Therefore, the conventional fixed camshaft makes it impossible to change the valve timing according to the change in the operating conditions of the engine, and thus there is a problem in that it cannot meet the change requirements of the air flow in the low speed section and the high speed section.

따라서 본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 개선하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 캠샤프트를 중공으로 하며 그 내부에 헬리컬기어를 형성하고 캠의 내주연에 기어를 형성하여 엔진의 밸브타이밍이 필요에 따라 변화될 수 있도록 하므로서 엔진속도변화에 따라 최적조건의 밸브타이밍을 구현하고 그로 인한 엔진성능이 향상될 수 있도록 하는 캠샤프트를 제공하는 데 목적이 있다.Therefore, the present invention has been made in order to improve the above problems, more specifically, the cam shaft is hollow, and the helical gear is formed therein, and the gear timing is formed on the inner circumference of the cam so that the valve timing of the engine is required. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a camshaft that can realize the optimum valve timing according to the engine speed change and thereby improve the engine performance.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 수단으로서,The present invention as a means for achieving the above object,

밸브의 개폐시기를 설정하는 캠샤프트와, 캠샤프트의 회전에 의해 회동하는 로커아암과, 로커아암의 상하운동에 의하여 작동되어 연소실을 개폐하는 밸브로 이루어진 연소실개폐장치에 있어서,In the combustion chamber opening and closing device comprising a cam shaft for setting the opening and closing time of the valve, a rocker arm rotated by the rotation of the cam shaft, and a valve operated by vertical movement of the rocker arm to open and close the combustion chamber,

일정간격으로 환형홈부가 마련된 파이프형의 중공체이며, 환형홈부의 일측으로 기어홈이 형성된 외축과;An outer shaft having a pipe-shaped hollow body provided with an annular groove portion at a predetermined interval, the gear groove being formed at one side of the annular groove portion;

내주연으로 일정구간 내접헬리컬기어가 형성되어 상기한 외축의 환형홈부에 끼워지는 캠과;A cam which is formed in an inner circumference at a predetermined section of the internal helical gear and is fitted to the annular groove of the outer shaft;

상기한 외축의 내경으로 끼워지며 그 외주에 상기 캠의 위치마다 외접헬리컬기어가 형성된 내축과;An inner shaft fitted into the inner diameter of the outer shaft and having an external helical gear formed at each cam position on an outer circumference thereof;

엔진의 운행조건에 따라 전자제어장치에 의해 상기 내축을 전후진시키는 솔레노이드; 로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하며,A solenoid for advancing and retreating the inner shaft by an electronic controller according to an engine running condition; Characterized in that consists of,

엔진의 운행조건에 따라 솔레노이드가 전후진됨에 따라 내축의 헬리컬기어와 캠의 내접헬리컬기어가 맞물려 회동하여 캠이 진각 혹은 지각위치로 변동되는 것을 특징으로 한다.As the solenoid is moved back and forth according to the engine operating conditions, the helical gear of the inner shaft and the internal helical gear of the cam are engaged and rotated, so that the cam is changed to an advanced or perceptual position.

도 1은 본 발명에 의한 캠샤프트의 캠의 일부를 분해도시한 사시도.1 is an exploded perspective view of a part of a cam of a cam shaft according to the present invention;

도 2는 본 발명에 의한 캠샤프트의 작동구성도.2 is an operation configuration diagram of a cam shaft according to the present invention.

도 3은 도2의 A-A선 단면도.3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG.

도 4는 작동상태 단면도.4 is a cross-sectional view of the operating state.

※ 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명※ Explanation of code for main part of drawing

1 : 캠샤프트 20 : 외축1: camshaft 20: outer shaft

21 : 환형홈부 22 : 기어홈21: annular groove 22: gear groove

30 : 캠 31 : 내접헬리컬기어30: cam 31: internal helical gear

40 : 내축 41 : 외접헬리컬기어40: internal axis 41: external helical gear

50 : 솔레노이드 51 : 작동봉50: solenoid 51: operating rod

본 발명의 실시예를 첨부한 도면에 따라 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 본 발명에 의한 캠샤프트의 캠의 일부를 분해도시한 사시도면이고, 도 2는 본 발명에 의한 캠샤프트의 작동구성도이며, 도 3은 도2의 A-A선 단면도이며, 도 4는 작동상태 단면도로 도면중 도면부호 1은 캠샤프트이다.1 is an exploded perspective view showing a part of a cam of a cam shaft according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an operation configuration diagram of the cam shaft according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1 is a camshaft in the sectional view of the operating state.

상기한 캠샤프트(1)는 크게 중공의 외축(20)과 캠(30), 그리고 상기 외축(20)에 삽입되는 내축(40)으로 구성된다.The camshaft 1 is largely composed of a hollow outer shaft 20, a cam 30, and an inner shaft 40 inserted into the outer shaft 20.

상기 외축(20)은 일정간격으로 캠(30)의 내경이 수용되는 환형홈부(21)가 형성되며, 환형홈부(21)의 일측으로는 내축(40)에 형성된 외접헬리컬기어(41)가 수용되기 위한 기어홈(22)이 형성된다.The outer shaft 20 has an annular groove 21 for receiving the inner diameter of the cam 30 at a predetermined interval, the outer helical gear 41 formed in the inner shaft 40 is accommodated on one side of the annular groove 21 The gear groove 22 for forming is formed.

그리고 상기한 캠(30)의 외주는 종래와 같게 일측이 편심되게 돌출형성되는데, 상기 외축(20)의 환형홈부(21)와 결합되는 내경에는 내접헬리컬기어(31)이 형성된다.And the outer circumference of the cam 30 is formed so as to project one side eccentrically as in the prior art, the internal helical gear 31 is formed on the inner diameter coupled to the annular groove portion 21 of the outer shaft (20).

외축(20)의 내경(23)에 수용되는 내축(40)은 외축(20)과 마찬가지로 중공으로 구성되는데, 외축(20)에 캠(30)이 장착되는 위치마다 돌출형성되는 외접헬리컬기어(41)가 형성된다.The inner shaft 40 accommodated in the inner diameter 23 of the outer shaft 20 is configured to be hollow, similar to the outer shaft 20, and has an external helical gear 41 that protrudes at each position where the cam 30 is mounted on the outer shaft 20. ) Is formed.

이상과 같이 구성되는 캠샤프트(1)의 일측으로는 ESS(Engine speed sensor), VSS(Vehicle speed sensor), ECS(Engine cam sensor), APS(Air pressure sensor), 등의 엔진조건에 따라 밸브타이밍을 진각 혹은 지각할 수 있도록 전자제어장치(ECU)의 제어에 의해 작동하는 솔레노이드(50)가 형성되는데, 상기 전자제어장치(ECU)의 명령에 의해 솔레노이드(50)가 작동되면 출몰형성된 작동봉(51)이 전후진되어 상기 캠샤프트(1)의 내축(40)을 전후진시켜 캠(30)의 변위가 조절되도록 구성된다.On one side of the cam shaft 1 configured as described above, valve timing is performed according to engine conditions such as an engine speed sensor (ESS), a vehicle speed sensor (VSS), an engine cam sensor (ECS), an air pressure sensor (APS), and the like. The solenoid 50 is operated by the control of the electronic control unit (ECU) so as to advance or perceive. When the solenoid 50 is operated by the command of the electronic control unit (ECU), 51 is forward and backward to move forward and backward the inner shaft 40 of the cam shaft 1 is configured to adjust the displacement of the cam (30).

상기와 같이 구성된 캠샤프트(1)의 작동을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the operation of the cam shaft 1 configured as described above in detail as follows.

엔진이 가동되면 전자제어장치(ECU)에서는 엔진회전수, 차량속도, 엔진의 부하 및 공기량을 검출하게 된다. 검출된 엔진의 조건은 밸브타이밍 맵(MAP)에 의해 솔레노이드의 변위를 계산한 후, 엔진의 조건에 가장 알맞는 캠(30) 각도가 되도록 솔레노이드(50)를 작동시켜 내축(40)을 전진 혹은 후진시키게 된다.When the engine is running, the ECU controls the engine speed, vehicle speed, engine load, and air volume. After detecting the displacement of the solenoid by the valve timing map MAP, the detected solenoid 50 is operated to advance the inner shaft 40 by operating the solenoid 50 such that the cam 30 is most suitable for the engine condition. Reversed.

내축(40)이 전후진 됨에 따라 내축(40)의 외주에 일정간격으로 형성된 외접헬리컬기어(41)가 회전하게 되며, 외접헬리컬기어(41)가 회전하게 됨에 따라 그와 맞물린 캠(30)의 내접헬리컬기어(31)가 회동하게 되어 캠(30)의 각도가 도 4와 같이 일측으로 회동하게 된다.As the inner shaft 40 moves forward and backward, the external helical gear 41 formed at a predetermined interval on the outer circumference of the inner shaft 40 rotates, and as the external helical gear 41 rotates, the cam 30 engaged with the external shaft 40 rotates. The internal helical gear 31 is rotated so that the angle of the cam 30 is rotated to one side as shown in FIG. 4.

즉, 엔진속도의 변동 및 흡배기의 각종센서의 시그날로부터 입력된 정보에 따라 곧바로 전자제어장치(ECU)에서는 밸브타이밍을 진각 혹은 지각으로 변경시켜 주므로서 엔진상황에 가장 알맞는 밸브타이밍으로 캠의 위치를 변경시켜 주게 된다.In other words, according to the fluctuation of the engine speed and the information input from the signals of various sensors of the intake and exhaust, the electronic control unit (ECU) immediately changes the valve timing to the advance or the perception, so the position of the cam is the valve timing most suitable for the engine situation. Will change.

이상과 같이 캠샤프트의 캠의 각도를 엔진의 각 조건에 따라 변화시켜 밸브타이밍을 변화시킴으로서 엔진의 운전상태에 대응하여 최적의 밸브타이밍을 전자제어장치에서 자동적으로 설정하게 되어 엔진의 연소효율을 증대시킬 수 있고, 엔진의 출력을 향상시킬 수 있는 효과를 갖게 됨과 동시에 또한, 엔진의 운전상태에 따라 밸브타이밍을 제어함으로서 엔진이 정지되는 등의 문제점을 방지하는 데 커다란 효과가 있는 것이다.As described above, the cam timing of the camshaft is changed according to the engine conditions, thereby changing the valve timing, so that the optimum valve timing is automatically set by the electronic controller in response to the engine operating state, thereby increasing the combustion efficiency of the engine. It is possible to improve the output of the engine, and at the same time, it is also a great effect to prevent the problem such as stopping the engine by controlling the valve timing according to the operating state of the engine.

Claims (2)

밸브의 개폐시기를 설정하는 캠샤프트와, 캠샤프트의 회전에 의해 회동하는 로커아암과, 로커아암의 상하운동에 의하여 작동되어 연소실을 개폐하는 밸브로 이루어진 연소실개폐장치에 있어서,In the combustion chamber opening and closing device comprising a cam shaft for setting the opening and closing time of the valve, a rocker arm rotated by the rotation of the cam shaft, and a valve operated by vertical movement of the rocker arm to open and close the combustion chamber, 일정간격으로 환형홈부(21)가 마련된 파이프형의 중공체이며 환형홈부(21)의 일측으로 기어홈(22)이 형성된 외축(20)과;An outer shaft 20 having a pipe-shaped hollow body provided with an annular groove 21 at a predetermined interval, and having a gear groove 22 formed at one side of the annular groove 21; 내주연으로 일정구간 내접헬리컬기어(31)가 형성되어 상기한 외축(20)의 환형홈부(21)에 끼워지는 캠(30)과;A cam 30 fitted to the annular groove 21 of the outer shaft 20 by forming an internal helical gear 31 at an inner circumference; 상기한 외축(20)의 내경(23)으로 끼워지며 그 외주에 상기 캠(30)의 위치마다 외접헬리컬기어(41)가 형성된 내축(40)과;An inner shaft 40 fitted into the inner diameter 23 of the outer shaft 20 and having an external helical gear 41 formed at each position of the cam 30 on the outer circumference thereof; 엔진의 운행조건에 따라 전자제어장치(60)에 의해 상기 내축(40)을 전후진시키는 솔레노이드(50); 로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 캠샤프트.A solenoid 50 for advancing and retreating the inner shaft 40 by the electronic controller 60 according to an engine running condition; Camshaft, characterized in that consisting of. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 엔진의 운행조건에 따라 솔레노이드(50)가 전후진됨에 따라 내축(40)의 헬리컬기어(41)와 캠(30)의 내접헬리컬기어(31)가 맞물려 회동하여 캠(30)이 진각 혹은 지각위치로 변동되는 것을 특징으로 하는 캠샤프트.As the solenoid 50 is advanced back and forth according to the driving conditions of the engine, the helical gear 41 of the inner shaft 40 and the internal helical gear 31 of the cam 30 are engaged with each other so that the cam 30 is advanced or perceptually rotated. Camshaft, characterized in that the fluctuation.
KR1020000065694A 2000-11-07 2000-11-07 Camshaft KR20020035905A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59152104U (en) * 1983-03-30 1984-10-12 日野自動車株式会社 diesel engine
JPS59179210U (en) * 1983-05-18 1984-11-30 三菱自動車工業株式会社 Variable valve timing device
JPH064454U (en) * 1992-06-30 1994-01-21 炳龍 張 Rotational phase difference adjusting device between rotating members
JPH1172031A (en) * 1996-11-19 1999-03-16 Toyota Motor Corp Valve characteristics control device of internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59152104U (en) * 1983-03-30 1984-10-12 日野自動車株式会社 diesel engine
JPS59179210U (en) * 1983-05-18 1984-11-30 三菱自動車工業株式会社 Variable valve timing device
JPH064454U (en) * 1992-06-30 1994-01-21 炳龍 張 Rotational phase difference adjusting device between rotating members
JPH1172031A (en) * 1996-11-19 1999-03-16 Toyota Motor Corp Valve characteristics control device of internal combustion engine

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