KR20010001012A - Defrosting method for air conditioner - Google Patents
Defrosting method for air conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- KR20010001012A KR20010001012A KR1019990019965A KR19990019965A KR20010001012A KR 20010001012 A KR20010001012 A KR 20010001012A KR 1019990019965 A KR1019990019965 A KR 1019990019965A KR 19990019965 A KR19990019965 A KR 19990019965A KR 20010001012 A KR20010001012 A KR 20010001012A
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- heat exchanger
- compressor
- pipe temperature
- outdoor
- temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
- F24F11/42—Defrosting; Preventing freezing of outdoor units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
- F24F2110/12—Temperature of the outside air
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 공기조화기의 제상운전 방법에 관한 것으로서, 특히 실내외의 배관온도와 공기온도를 비교하여 제상운전을 개시하고 제상운전시간과 실외배관온도를 비교하여 정상운전으로 복귀되도록 함으로써 제상운전시간을 최소화하여 전체 시스템의 효율을 향상시킬 수 있는 공기조화기의 제상운전 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a defrosting operation method of an air conditioner, in particular, the defrosting operation time by starting the defrosting operation by comparing the indoor and outdoor piping temperature and the air temperature and compare the defrosting operation time and the outdoor piping temperature to return to normal operation. The present invention relates to a defrosting operation method of an air conditioner capable of minimizing and improving the efficiency of the entire system.
일반적으로, 공기조화기는 크게 냉방전용으로 사용되는 것과, 냉난방겸용으로 사용되는 것으로 분류할 수 있는데, 냉난방겸용으로 사용되는 공기조화기는 겨울철에 난방으로 사용되는 경우 실외의 온도가 일정온도 이하로 떨어지게 되면 실외 열교환기가 증발기로 동작하는 상태이므로 실외 열교환기와 열 교환을 하는 실외공기의 수분이 실외 열교환기의 표면에 맺힌 후 응결되어 전체 시스템이 제대로 동작할 수 없는 상태에 이르게 된다. 이때, 실외 열교환기의 표면에 응결된 서리를 제거하는 것을 제상운전이라 한다. 즉, 제상운전은 실외 열교환기에 맺힌 서리가 제거될 수 있도록 냉방사이클로 전환하여 실외 열교환기가 일정시간 응축기로 동작하게 함으로써 서리를 제거하도록 운전하는 것이다.In general, air conditioners can be classified into two types, one for cooling and one for heating and cooling. When the air conditioner used for heating and cooling is used for heating in winter, when the outdoor temperature drops below a certain temperature Since the outdoor heat exchanger operates as an evaporator, moisture in the outdoor air that exchanges heat with the outdoor heat exchanger condenses on the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger and condenses, leading to a state in which the entire system cannot operate properly. At this time, removing the frost condensation on the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger is called defrosting operation. That is, the defrosting operation is to switch to a cooling cycle so that the frost formed on the outdoor heat exchanger can be removed so that the outdoor heat exchanger operates as a condenser for a predetermined time to remove frost.
참조된 도면, 도 1은 종래기술에 의한 공기조화기의 개략적인 구성도이다.1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air conditioner according to the prior art.
종래의 공기조화기는 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 냉방운전시에는 증발기로 난방운전시에는 응축기로 동작하는 실내 열교환기(1)와, 냉방운전시에는 응축기로 난방운전시에는 증발기로 동작하는 실외 열교환기(3)와, 상기 실내 열교환기(1) 및 상기 실외 열교환기(3)에 각각 설치된 실내외 팬(2, 4)과, 상기 실내 열교환기(1)와 상기 실외 열교환기(3) 사이에 설치되어 이송되는 냉매가 용이하게 증발될 수 있도록 팽창시키는 팽창밸브(5)와, 증발기로 동작하는 열 교환기로부터 저온저압의 냉매를 흡입하여 고온고압의 냉매로 압축시키는 압축기(6)와, 상기 압축기(6)로부터 토출되는 고온고압의 냉매를 냉방운전시에는 상기 실외 열교환기(3)로 난방운전시에는 상기 실내 열교환기(1)로 이송되도록 절환되는 사방밸브(7)로 구성된다.As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional air conditioner includes an indoor heat exchanger 1 that operates as an evaporator during a cooling operation and a condenser during a heating operation, and an outdoor heat exchanger that operates as an evaporator during a heating operation during a cooling operation. Between the indoor heat exchanger 1 and the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the indoor and outdoor fans 2 and 4 installed in the indoor heat exchanger 1 and the outdoor heat exchanger 3, respectively. An expansion valve 5 for expanding the installed and transported refrigerant so that the refrigerant can be easily evaporated, a compressor 6 for sucking low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant from a heat exchanger operating as an evaporator and compressing the low-temperature refrigerant to a high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant; The high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from (6) is composed of a four-way valve (7) switched to be transferred to the outdoor heat exchanger (3) during the cooling operation to the indoor heat exchanger (1) during the heating operation.
상기에서, 난방운전의 경우 난방운전이 일정시간 경과되고 상기 실외 열교환기(3)에 서리가 응결되는 일정온도에 도달하게 되면, 제상운전을 개시하게 되고, 제상운전 개시에 따라 상기 사방밸브(7)가 냉방운전으로 절환되며, 제상운전은 상기 실외 열교환기(3)의 서리가 제거되는 일정온도에 도달하게 되거나 제상운전시간이 일정시간 지난 후에 제상운전을 마치고 다시 난방운전으로 복귀하게 된다.In the heating operation, when the heating operation has elapsed for a certain time and reaches a predetermined temperature at which frost condenses on the outdoor heat exchanger 3, defrosting operation is started, and the four-way valve 7 is started according to the start of the defrosting operation. ) Is switched to the cooling operation, and the defrosting operation reaches a predetermined temperature at which the frost of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is removed or after the defrosting operation time passes, the defrosting operation is finished, and the heating operation is returned to the heating operation again.
그러나, 종래의 공기조화기의 제상운전 방법은 제상운전의 개시를 단순히 일정시간이 경과된 조건과 상기 실외 열교환기(3)가 일정온도에 도달한 조건으로 판단하고, 제상운전도 단순히 상기 사방밸브(7)를 냉방운전으로 절환하여 진행하며 제상운전의 종료도 상기 실외 열교환기(3)의 일정온도 도달 또는 일정시간 경과를 기준으로 판단하게 되므로 제상운전을 효율적으로 진행할 수 없고 제상운전의 사이클이 짧아지게 되어 제상소요시간이 오래 걸리게 되는 문제점이 있다.However, in the conventional defrosting operation method of the air conditioner, the start of the defrosting operation is simply determined as a condition in which a predetermined time has elapsed and a condition in which the outdoor heat exchanger 3 reaches a certain temperature, and the defrosting operation is also simply performed by the four-way valve. (7) is switched to the cooling operation to proceed and the end of the defrosting operation is also determined based on the constant temperature reached or the elapse of a predetermined time of the outdoor heat exchanger (3), so defrosting operation can not proceed efficiently and cycle of defrosting operation There is a problem that the defrosting takes a long time to be shortened.
본 발명은 상기한 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 실내외의 온도조건을 감지하여 제상운전을 개시하고 압축기의 운전주파수를 일정시간 최저주파수로 운전한 후 제상운전을 하게 됨으로써 최대의 효율과 짧은 시간으로 제상운전을 할 수 있는 공기조화기의 제상운전 방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems of the prior art, the defrosting operation is started by detecting the temperature conditions of the indoor and outdoor and the defrosting operation after operating the operating frequency of the compressor at the minimum frequency for a certain time, the maximum efficiency An object of the present invention is to provide a defrosting operation method of an air conditioner capable of performing a defrosting operation in a short time.
도 1은 종래기술에 의한 공기조화기의 개략적인 구성도,1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air conditioner according to the prior art,
도 2는 본 발명에 의한 공기조화기의 개략적인 구성도,2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air conditioner according to the present invention;
도 3은 본 발명에 의한 공기조화기의 제어부에 관한 블록도,3 is a block diagram of a control unit of an air conditioner according to the present invention;
도 4 및 도 5는 본 발명에 의한 공기조화기의 제상운전 방법에 관한 순서도,4 and 5 are a flow chart related to the defrosting operation method of the air conditioner according to the present invention,
도 6은 본 발명에 의한 공기조화의 제상운전 방법에 관한 신호 파형도이다.6 is a signal waveform diagram related to a defrosting operation method of air conditioning according to the present invention.
〈도면의 주요 부분에 관한 부호의 설명〉<Explanation of symbols about main part of drawing>
51 : 실내 열교환기 51a : 실내 열교환기 온도센서51: indoor heat exchanger 51a: indoor heat exchanger temperature sensor
52 : 실내 팬 53 : 실외 열교환기52: indoor fan 53: outdoor heat exchanger
53a : 실외 열교환기 온도센서 53b : 실외공기 온도센서53a: Outdoor heat exchanger temperature sensor 53b: Outdoor air temperature sensor
54 : 실외 팬 55 : 팽창밸브54: outdoor fan 55: expansion valve
56 : 압축기 56a : 압축기의 토출배관 온도센서56: compressor 56a: discharge pipe temperature sensor of the compressor
57 : 사방밸브 60 : 제어부57: four-way valve 60: control unit
본 발명은 제상운전 개시신호가 입력되면 압축기를 최저주파수로 일정시간 운전한 다음 제상운전을 시작하는 단계를 포함하여 구성된 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention is characterized in that it comprises a step of starting the defrosting operation after operating the compressor at the lowest frequency for a predetermined time when the defrosting operation start signal is input.
여기서, 상기 제상운전 개시신호는 실외 열교환기의 배관온도가 일정온도 이하이고, 상기 압축기의 토출배관온도와 실내 열교환기의 배관온도의 차가 일정온도 이하이며, 상기 실외 열교환기의 배관온도와 실외공기의 차가 일정온도 이상인 경우에 신호가 입력되는 것을 특징으로 한다.Here, the defrosting operation start signal is a pipe temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger is a constant temperature or less, the difference between the discharge pipe temperature of the compressor and the pipe temperature of the indoor heat exchanger is a predetermined temperature or less, the pipe temperature and the outdoor air of the outdoor heat exchanger. If the difference is more than a certain temperature is characterized in that the signal is input.
이하, 본 발명의 실시예를 참조된 도면을 참조하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
우선 참조된 도면, 도 2는 본 발명에 의한 공기조화기의 개략적인 구성도이고, 도 3은 본 발명에 의한 공기조화기의 제어부에 관한 블록도이며, 도 4 및 도 5는 본 발명에 의한 공기조화기의 제상운전 방법에 관한 순서도이고, 도 5는 본 발명에 의한 공기조화의 제상운전 방법에 관한 신호 파형도이다.2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air conditioner according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control unit of the air conditioner according to the present invention, and FIGS. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a defrosting operation method of an air conditioner, and FIG. 5 is a signal waveform diagram of a defrosting operation method of an air conditioner according to the present invention.
본 발명에 의한 공기조화기는 도 2 및 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이 냉방운전시에는 증발기로 난방운전시에는 응축기로 동작하는 실내 열교환기(51)와, 상기 실내 열교환기(51)의 온도를 감지하는 실내 열교환기 온도센서(51a)와, 냉방운전시에는 응축기로 난방운전시에는 증발기로 동작하는 실외 열교환기(53)와, 상기 실외 열교환기(53)의 온도를 감지하는 실외 열교환기 온도센서(53a)와, 실외공기의 온도를 감지하는 실외공기 온도센서(53b)와, 상기 실내 열교환기(51) 및 실외 열교환기(53)에 각각 설치된 실내외 팬(52, 54)과, 상기 실내 열교환기(51) 및 실외 열교환기(53) 사이에 설치되어 이송되는 냉매가 용이하게 증발될 수 있도록 팽창시키는 팽창밸브(55)와, 증발기로 동작하는 열 교환기로부터 저온저압의 냉매를 흡입하여 고온고압으로 압축시키는 압축기(56)와, 상기 압축기(56)의 토출배관에 설치되어 그 온도를 감지하는 압축기의 토출배관 온도센서(56a)와, 상기 압축기(56)에서 토출되는 냉매의 이동을 제어되도록 절환되는 사방밸브(57)와, 상기한 온도센서(51a, 53a, 53b, 56a)들로부터 신호를 입력받아 상기 압축기(56)와 사방밸브(57)와 실외 팬(54)을 제어하는 제어부(60)로 구성된다.As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the air conditioner according to the present invention senses an indoor heat exchanger 51 which operates as an evaporator during a cooling operation and a condenser during a heating operation and a temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 51. An indoor heat exchanger temperature sensor 51a, an outdoor heat exchanger 53 that operates as a condenser during a cooling operation, and an evaporator during a heating operation, and an outdoor heat exchanger temperature sensor that senses a temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 53. 53a, an outdoor air temperature sensor 53b for sensing a temperature of outdoor air, indoor and outdoor fans 52 and 54 installed in the indoor heat exchanger 51 and the outdoor heat exchanger 53, and the indoor heat exchanger, respectively. An expansion valve 55 installed between the gas 51 and the outdoor heat exchanger 53 to expand the refrigerant to be easily evaporated, and a low temperature low pressure refrigerant from a heat exchanger operating as an evaporator Compressor 56 and A discharge pipe temperature sensor 56a of the compressor installed at the discharge pipe of the compressor 56 to sense the temperature, and a four-way valve 57 switched to control movement of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 56; The control unit 60 receives a signal from the temperature sensors 51a, 53a, 53b, and 56a to control the compressor 56, the four-way valve 57, and the outdoor fan 54.
상기와 같이 구성된 본 발명에 의한 공기조화기의 제상운전 방법을 도 4 내지 도 5를 참고하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.The defrosting operation method of the air conditioner according to the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 5.
먼저, 난방운전이고 상기 실외 열교환기(53)의 배관온도가 -5℃ 이하이며 상기 압축기(56)의 토출배관온도와 상기 실내 열교환기(51)의 배관온도의 차가 10℃ 이하이고 상기 실외 열교환기(53)의 배관온도와 실외공기온도와의 차가 15℃ 이상인 경우, 상기한 상태가 20초 이상 유지되게 되면 상기 제어부(60)는 제상운전을 개시하게 된다.First, the heating operation, the pipe temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 53 is -5 ℃ or less, the difference between the discharge pipe temperature of the compressor 56 and the pipe temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 51 is 10 ℃ or less and the outdoor heat exchange When the difference between the piping temperature of the machine 53 and the outdoor air temperature is 15 ° C. or more, when the state is maintained for 20 seconds or more, the controller 60 starts the defrosting operation.
제상운전이 개시되면, 상기 제어부(60)는 상기 압축기(56)로 신호를 출력하여 상기 압축기(56)의 운전주파수를 최저주파수인 35Hz로 하여 25초간 운전한다. 여기서, 상기 압축기(56)를 일정시간 최저주파수로 운전하는 것은 난방운전에서 제상으로 변환하게 되는 경우 상기 압축기(56)에 걸리는 고저압차를 감소시키기 위해서이다. 상기 압축기(56)를 35Hz로 25초간 운전한 다음, 상기 제어부(60)는 상기 팽창밸브(55)의 개도를 냉매가 많이 통과될 수 있도록 410펄스수로 제어하고 상기 압축기(56)의 운전주파수를 104Hz로 정하여 제상운전을 실시한다. 물론, 이때 상기 제어부(60)의 제어에 의해 상기 사방밸브(57)는 절환되고 상기 실외 팬(54)은 그 동작을 멈추게 된다. 그리고, 상기 압축기(56)를 104Hz로 운전하는 도중에 그 주파수가 너무 높아 상기 제어부(60)에 과전류신호가 수신되면 상기 제어부(60)는 상기 압축기(56)의 운전주파수를 10Hz정도 감소시켜 운전시킨다.When the defrosting operation is started, the control unit 60 outputs a signal to the compressor 56 and operates for 25 seconds using the operating frequency of the compressor 56 as 35 Hz, which is the minimum frequency. Here, the operation of the compressor 56 at the lowest frequency for a predetermined time is to reduce the high and low pressure difference applied to the compressor 56 when it is converted to the defrost in the heating operation. After operating the compressor 56 at 35 Hz for 25 seconds, the controller 60 controls the opening degree of the expansion valve 55 to 410 pulses so that a large amount of refrigerant can pass therethrough, and the operating frequency of the compressor 56. Set defrosting to 104Hz and perform defrosting operation. Of course, at this time, the four-way valve 57 is switched by the control of the controller 60 and the outdoor fan 54 stops its operation. When the frequency is too high while the compressor 56 is operated at 104 Hz, when the overcurrent signal is received by the controller 60, the controller 60 reduces the operating frequency of the compressor 56 by about 10 Hz and operates the compressor 56. .
상기와 같이 제상운전을 계속하는 도중에 제상운전시간이 12분을 넘거나, 상기 실외 열교환기(53)의 배관온도가 14℃를 넘게 되면, 제상운전 종료신호가 상기 제어부(60)에 입력되게 되고, 그에 따라 상기 제어부(60)는 상기 압축기(56)의 운전주파수를 48Hz로 정하여 30초간 운전하는 동시에 제상운전에 의해 상기 실외 열교환기(53)의 표면에 맺혀 있는 응축수를 제거할 수 있도록 상기 실외 팬(54)을 동작시키며, 그 30초가 경과되면 상기 제어부(60)는 상기 사방밸브(57)를 난방운전으로 절환시킨 다음, 난방운전 초기 기동상태와 마찬가지로 상기 팽창밸브(55)의 개도를 조절하고 난방운전을 하게 된다.When the defrosting operation time exceeds 12 minutes or the pipe temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 53 exceeds 14 ° C. while the defrosting operation is continued as described above, the defrosting operation end signal is input to the controller 60. Accordingly, the controller 60 sets the operating frequency of the compressor 56 to 48 Hz, operates for 30 seconds, and simultaneously removes condensed water formed on the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger 53 by defrosting. When the fan 54 is operated, and after 30 seconds have elapsed, the controller 60 switches the four-way valve 57 to heating operation, and then adjusts the opening degree of the expansion valve 55 as in the heating operation initial starting state. And heat up.
여기서, 기타 이상동작으로 상기 압축기(56)가 정지하였을 때에는 상기 제어부(60)에 제상종료신호가 입력되고, 그 후 3분이 경과한 다음 상기 압축기(56)를 정상 동작시키게 된다.Here, when the compressor 56 is stopped due to other abnormal operation, the defrost end signal is input to the controller 60, and after 3 minutes, the compressor 56 is normally operated.
이와 같이, 본 발명에 의한 공기조화기의 제상운전 방법은 실내외의 배관온도와 공기온도를 비교하여 제상운전을 개시하고 상기 압축기(56)의 운전주파수를 최대효율을 나타낼 수 있는 주파수로 운전하게 되므로 제상운전 소요시간을 최소화시킬 수 있는 효과를 제공한다.As described above, in the defrosting operation method of the air conditioner according to the present invention, the defrosting operation is started by comparing the piping temperature with the indoor / outdoor air temperature, and the operating frequency of the compressor 56 is operated at a frequency that can indicate the maximum efficiency. It provides the effect of minimizing the defrosting operation time.
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Cited By (10)
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KR100624808B1 (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2006-09-18 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Method judging change-fail of 4-way-valve in simultaneous heating and cooling type air-conditioner |
CN103123194A (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2013-05-29 | 宁波奥克斯电气有限公司 | Defrosting method of multi-combination type air conditioning unit |
CN105042768A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-11-11 | 宁波奥克斯电气有限公司 | Control method for preventing indoor heat exchanger from frosting when frequency conversion air conditioner operates in refrigerating mode |
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CN103123194A (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2013-05-29 | 宁波奥克斯电气有限公司 | Defrosting method of multi-combination type air conditioning unit |
CN105042768A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-11-11 | 宁波奥克斯电气有限公司 | Control method for preventing indoor heat exchanger from frosting when frequency conversion air conditioner operates in refrigerating mode |
CN105042768B (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2018-03-20 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | The control method of indoor heat exchanger frosting is prevented during inverter air conditioner refrigerating operaton |
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CN110454912A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-11-15 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Air-conditioning system and its lasting heat-production control method |
CN110454912B (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2021-03-19 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Air conditioning system and continuous heating control method thereof |
WO2021082398A1 (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-05-06 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | Control method for operation of air conditioner after heating and defrosting |
CN110986274A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-04-10 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Control method for preventing incomplete defrosting of electric heater, computer readable storage medium and air conditioner |
WO2021227851A1 (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-11-18 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Defrosting control method for air conditioning unit |
CN113074440A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-06 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | Defrosting control method and device and air conditioner |
CN113074440B (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2022-04-19 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | Defrosting control method and device and air conditioner |
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