KR20000060107A - Using temperature sensing IC modulation current control circuit - Google Patents

Using temperature sensing IC modulation current control circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20000060107A
KR20000060107A KR1019990008179A KR19990008179A KR20000060107A KR 20000060107 A KR20000060107 A KR 20000060107A KR 1019990008179 A KR1019990008179 A KR 1019990008179A KR 19990008179 A KR19990008179 A KR 19990008179A KR 20000060107 A KR20000060107 A KR 20000060107A
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laser diode
temperature
modulation current
output
control circuit
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KR1019990008179A
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Korean (ko)
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KR100290261B1 (en
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김재동
정낙진
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권문구
엘지전선 주식회사
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/02Constructional details
    • H01S3/03Constructional details of gas laser discharge tubes
    • H01S3/032Constructional details of gas laser discharge tubes for confinement of the discharge, e.g. by special features of the discharge constricting tube
    • H01S3/0326Constructional details of gas laser discharge tubes for confinement of the discharge, e.g. by special features of the discharge constricting tube by an electromagnetic field
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/005Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
    • H01S5/0085Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping for modulating the output, i.e. the laser beam is modulated outside the laser cavity
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/04Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
    • H01S5/042Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
    • H01S5/0427Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor for applying modulation to the laser

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A modulation current controlling circuit for use in a laser diode driving circuit is provided to improve an extinction ratio of optical output according to a temperature variation by increasing the size of modulation current at a high temperature and by reducing the size thereof at a low temperature. CONSTITUTION: A modulation current controlling circuit for use in a laser diode driving circuit comprises an automatic output control circuit part(10) and a modulation current control circuit part(100) which consists of a temperature sensor IC(20), an adder(30) and a current mirror circuit(40). The automatic output control circuit part(10) is connected to a cathode of a laser diode, and varies a bias voltage supplied to the laser diode so as to maintain the optical output constantly. The temperature sensor IC(20) increases an amplitude of the modulation current according to a temperature, and the adder(30) adds an output of the temperature sensor IC(20) and a reference voltage(Vref). The current mirror circuit(40) connects an output of the adder(30) to the cathode of the laser diode.

Description

온도감지수단을 이용한 레이저 다이오드 구동회로의 변조전류 제어회로{Using temperature sensing IC modulation current control circuit}Using temperature sensing IC modulation current control circuit

본 발명은 디지털 광전송용 레이저 다이오드 구동회로에서 온도변화에 따른 소광비 보상회로에 관한 것으로, 특히 온도감지수단을 이용하여 레이저 다이오드의 변조 전류의 진폭을 자동적으로 조절토록 함으로써, 송신모듈 광출력의 소광비를 일정하게 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 온도감지수단을 이용한 레이저 다이오드 구동회로의 변조전류 제어회로에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an extinction ratio compensation circuit according to a temperature change in a laser diode driving circuit for digital light transmission. In particular, by using a temperature sensing means to automatically adjust the amplitude of the modulation current of the laser diode, thereby reducing the extinction ratio of the transmission module optical output. The present invention relates to a modulation current control circuit of a laser diode driving circuit using a temperature sensing means, characterized in that it is controlled constantly.

일반적인 레이저 다이오드의 특성곡선은 도 1a, 도 1b에 나타낸 바와같이 온도가 상승함에 따라 문턱전류(Ith)가 증가하고 기울기가 감소되는 것을 알 수 있다.In the characteristic curve of a general laser diode, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, it can be seen that as the temperature increases, the threshold current Ith increases and the slope decreases.

따라서 소광비(ER = P1/P0, P1: "1"레벨에서 광출력, P0: "0"레벨의 광출력)가 감소하여 전송효율이 낮아지게 되는 것이다.Therefore, the extinction ratio (ER = P1 / P0, P1: light output at the "1" level, P0: light output at the "0" level) is reduced to lower the transmission efficiency.

한편, 일반적으로 국제전기통신 규격은 광통신용 송신모듈의 경우 소광비를 8dB내지 10dB이상으로 규격화 하고 있기 때문에 문턱 전류가 기준이상으로 높아지거나 소광비가 감소하게 되면 전송효율이 낮아져 국제전기통신 규격에 미치지 못하는 경우가 발생하게 된다.On the other hand, the international telecommunication standard generally standardizes the extinction ratio of 8dB to 10dB or more in the case of the optical communication transmitter module. There is a case.

종래의 기술은 도 2와 같이 평균 광출력 설정에 의한 자동출력제어(APC) 회로(10)를 채택하여 바이어스 전압을 변화시키는 방법을 많이 이용하고 있다.2. Description of the Related Art A conventional technique employs a method of changing a bias voltage by adopting an automatic output control (APC) circuit 10 by setting an average light output as shown in FIG.

그러나 이 방법은 레이저 다이오드 특성곡선의 기울기가 온도에 따라 변화하는 것을 제어하지 못하게 되어, 결국 광출력의 소광비가 감소하여 전송효율을 떨어뜨리게 된다.However, this method does not control the change of the slope of the laser diode characteristic curve with temperature, which reduces the extinction ratio of the light output, thus reducing the transmission efficiency.

따라서, 이와같은 문제점을 보완하기 위하여 도 3과 같이 피크-투-피크 검출 방식에 의한 변조 전류 보상방법으로 "0" 및 "1"레벨의 광출력의 차를 미리 설정된 "1" 레벨에서 감산한후 그 차이만큼 변조 전류를 보상하는 방법을 앞의 방법에 추가하여 사용하고 있다.Accordingly, in order to compensate for this problem, as shown in FIG. 3, the difference between the optical outputs of the "0" and "1" levels is subtracted from the preset "1" level by the modulation current compensation method using the peak-to-peak detection method. After that, a method of compensating the modulation current by the difference is used in addition to the previous method.

그러나, 이 방법은 레이저 다이오드의 이면에 부착되어 있는 모니터 PD의 미약한 전류를 증폭한 후 사용하여, 연산증폭기를 거쳐 처리해야 하는데, 능동소자의 증가로 인한 노이즈 증가와 데이터 전송율의 고속화에 따른 IC 선택의 문제등이 발생한다.However, this method must be used after amplifying the weak current of the monitor PD attached to the backside of the laser diode, and processing it through an operational amplifier, which increases the noise due to the increase of active elements and increases the data rate. Problem of choice occurs.

즉, 첫번째 언급한 종래의 기술은 상기에서 설명한 바와같이 변조 전류가 고정되어 있는 편균 광출력에 의한 평균 광출력 제어회로부(10)에 의하여 레이저 다이오드에 인가되는 바이어스 전류만을 가변하여 광출력을 일정하게 하는 방식인바, 이 방식은 온도상승에 따른 광출력의 소광비가 감소되어 전송효율을 감소시키게 된다.That is, in the conventional art mentioned above, as described above, only the bias current applied to the laser diode by the average light output control circuit unit 10 by the uniform light output with the modulation current fixed is varied so that the light output is constant. This method is to reduce the extinction ratio of the light output according to the temperature rise to reduce the transmission efficiency.

그리고 두번째 언급한 종래기술은 평균 광출력 제어방법에 "피크-투-피크 검출" 방식을 추가하여 변조전류의 진폭을 가변하는 경우로써, 모니터 PD의 미약한 전류를 연산증폭기로 증폭한후 사용하여 노이즈 개입을 유발시킬 수 있는 것이다.The second technique mentioned above is a case in which the amplitude of the modulation current is changed by adding a "peak-to-peak detection" method to the average light output control method. The weak current of the monitor PD is amplified by an operational amplifier. It can cause noise intervention.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결코자 하는 것으로,The present invention is to solve the above problems,

레이저 다이오드의 특성곡선이 도 1처럼 온도변화에 따라 변할때, 고온에서 변조전류의 크기를 증가시키고, 저온에서 변조전류의 크기를 감소시켜, 온도변화에 따른 광출력의 소광비를 개선하는데 그 목적이 있다.When the characteristic curve of the laser diode changes with temperature change as shown in FIG. 1, the purpose of the present invention is to improve the extinction ratio of the light output according to the temperature change by increasing the magnitude of the modulation current at high temperature and decreasing the magnitude of the modulation current at low temperature. .

즉, 온도가 상승할때, 25℃에서와 같은 소광비를 유지하기 위해서는 변조전류의 증가가 필요한데, 본 발명에서는 온도센서 IC와 연산증폭기를 이용하여 구현토록 하는 것이 특징이다.That is, when the temperature rises, the modulation current needs to be increased to maintain the extinction ratio as at 25 ° C. In the present invention, the temperature sensor IC and the operational amplifier are used to implement.

도 1a는 레이저 다이오드 특성 곡선 변화 그래프.Figure 1a is a graph of the laser diode characteristic curve change.

도 1b는 온도변화에 따른 레이저 다이오드 특성 곡선 변화 그래프.Figure 1b is a graph of the laser diode characteristic curve changes with temperature changes.

도 2는 종래의 레이저 다이오드 구동회로.2 is a conventional laser diode driving circuit.

도 3은 종래의 레이저 다이오드 구동회로 실시예도.3 is a view illustrating a conventional laser diode driving circuit.

도 4는 본 발명의 레이저 다이오드 구동회로.4 is a laser diode driving circuit of the present invention.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명** Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

10: 자동출력 제어회로 20: 온도센서 IC10: automatic output control circuit 20: temperature sensor IC

30: 가산기 40: 커런트 미러 회로30: adder 40: current mirror circuit

이하에서 본 발명을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

본 발명에서는 평균 광출력에 의한 자동출력 제어방식의 기존 구조에, 변조 전류의 진폭을 온도 상승에 따라 증가시키고, 온도 하강에 따라 감소시키는 회로를 도 4와 같이 추가하여 구현하였다.In the present invention, a circuit for increasing the amplitude of the modulation current as the temperature rises and decreases as the temperature decreases is added to the existing structure of the automatic output control method using the average light output as shown in FIG. 4.

즉, 레이저 다이오드의 케소드에 연결되어 레이저 다이오드에 공급되는 바이어스 전압을 가변하여 광출력을 일정하게 하는 자동출력 제어회로부(10)와;That is, the automatic output control circuit unit 10 is connected to the cathode of the laser diode to vary the bias voltage supplied to the laser diode to keep the light output constant;

변조전류의 진폭을 온도에 따라 증가시키기 위하여 온도센서 IC(20)와, 상기 온도센서 IC의 출력과 기준전압(Vref)을 가산하는 가산기(30)와, 가산기의 출력을 레이저 다이오드의 케소드에 연결하는 커런트미러 회로(40)로 이루어져 온도변화에 관계없이 소광비를 일정하게 유지시키는 변조전류 제어회로부(100)를 포함하여 구성된다.In order to increase the amplitude of the modulation current with the temperature, the temperature sensor IC 20, an adder 30 for adding the output of the temperature sensor IC and the reference voltage Vref, and the output of the adder to the cathode of the laser diode. It consists of a current mirror circuit 40 to be connected to the modulation current control circuit unit 100 to maintain a constant extinction ratio regardless of temperature changes.

여기서, 온도센서 IC는 다음과 같은 특성을 갖는다.Here, the temperature sensor IC has the following characteristics.

Vo - Vrt + C × (T - 25)Vo-Vrt + C × (T-25)

여기서 Vo는 온도 센서 IC의 출력전압, Vrt는 25℃에서 온도센서 IC의 출력전압, C는 온도센서 IC의 상수(mV/℃)를 나타낸다.Where Vo is the output voltage of the temperature sensor IC, Vrt is the output voltage of the temperature sensor IC at 25 ° C, and C is the constant (mV / ° C) of the temperature sensor IC.

따라서, 온도가 증가하면, 온도센서 IC의 출력은 커지고, 가산기에서 출력되는 전압도 증가하여 결국 변조 전류의 설정값이 증가하여 변조 전류가 증가하게 된다.Therefore, as the temperature increases, the output of the temperature sensor IC increases, and the voltage output from the adder also increases, resulting in an increase in the set value of the modulation current, thereby increasing the modulation current.

이 회로에 의하여 온도변화에 따른 변조전류는 다음과 같이 나타난다.By this circuit, the modulation current according to the temperature change is expressed as follows.

Im = (Vo + Vref)/R1Im = (Vo + Vref) / R1

여기서, 가산기의 출력전압과 저항 R1은 레이저 다이오드의 특성곡선이 온도에 따라 변화하는 정도에 따라 결정된다.Here, the output voltage of the adder and the resistance R1 are determined by the degree to which the characteristic curve of the laser diode changes with temperature.

본 발명의 회로는 온도가 상승함에 따라 레이저 다이오드의 특성이 도 1에 나타난 것처럼 떨어지게 된다.In the circuit of the present invention, as the temperature increases, the characteristics of the laser diode deteriorate as shown in FIG.

따라서, "1" 레벨에서의 광출력 값이 감소하여 소광비(Extinction Ratio)의 값은 감소한다.Therefore, the light output value at the "1" level decreases, so that the value of extinction ratio decreases.

고온의 상태에서 변조전류를 증가시키면, "1" 레벨에서의 광출력 값이 저온에서처럼 거의 같게 되어 소광비는 일정하게 유지되도록 하였고, 저온에서는 변조전류를 감소시켜 레이저 다이오드가 문턱전류 이하에서 작동시키는 것을 방지하도록 하였다.Increasing the modulating current at high temperatures ensures that the light output at the "1" level is about the same as at low temperatures so that the extinction ratio remains constant. To prevent it.

즉, 도 4에 나타난 회로에서 온도가 상승하면 온도센서 IC(20)의 출력전압이 증가하고, 이것이 기준전압(Vref)과 가산기(30)에서 가산되어 전압이 증가된다.That is, in the circuit shown in FIG. 4, when the temperature rises, the output voltage of the temperature sensor IC 20 increases, which is added by the reference voltage Vref and the adder 30 to increase the voltage.

이 전압 증가로 커런트 미러 회로(A2, 40)의 전류, 즉 변조 전류의 값이 증가하여, 온도 증가에 의한 소광비를 보상하게 된다.This voltage increase increases the current of the current mirror circuits A2 and 40, that is, the value of the modulation current, to compensate for the extinction ratio due to the temperature increase.

반대로 온도가 감소하면 온도센서 IC(20)의 출력 전압이 감소하고, 이것이 기준전압(Vref)과 가산기(30)에서 가산되어 전압이 증가된다.On the contrary, when the temperature decreases, the output voltage of the temperature sensor IC 20 decreases, which is added to the reference voltage Vref and the adder 30 to increase the voltage.

이 전압의 감소는 커런트 미러 회로(A2, 40)의 전류, 즉 변조전류의 값이 감소하여 레이저 다이오드가 문턱 전류(Ith) 이하에서 작동하는 것을 방지하게 된다.This reduction in voltage causes the current of the current mirror circuits A2 and 40, i.e., the value of the modulation current, to be reduced to prevent the laser diode from operating below the threshold current Ith.

상술한 바와같이 본 발명은 온도감지수단을 이용하여 레이저 다이오드의 변조 전류의 진폭을 자동적으로 조절토록 함으로써, 송신모듈 광출력의 소광비를 일정하게 제어하는 효과를 제공한다.As described above, the present invention provides the effect of constantly controlling the extinction ratio of the optical output of the transmission module by automatically adjusting the amplitude of the modulation current of the laser diode using the temperature sensing means.

Claims (1)

레이저 다이오드의 케소드에 연결되어 레이저 다이오드에 공급되는 바이어스 전압을 가변하여 광출력을 일정하게 하는 자동출력 제어회로부(10)와;An automatic output control circuit unit 10 connected to the cathode of the laser diode to vary the bias voltage supplied to the laser diode to keep the light output constant; 변조전류의 진폭을 온도에 따라 증가시키기 위하여 온도센서 IC(20)와, 상기 온도센서 IC(20)의 출력과 기준전압(Vref)을 가산하는 가산기(30)와, 상기 가산기(30)의 출력을 레이저 다이오드의 케소드에 연결하는 커런트미러 회로(40)로 이루어져 온도변화에 관계없이 소광비를 일정하게 유지시키는 변조전류 제어회로부(100)를 포함하여 구성함을 특징으로 하는 온도감지수단을 이용한 레이저 다이오드 구동회로의 변조전류 제어회로.In order to increase the amplitude of the modulation current with the temperature, the temperature sensor IC 20, an adder 30 for adding the output of the temperature sensor IC 20 and the reference voltage Vref, and the output of the adder 30. Laser current using a temperature sensing means characterized in that it comprises a current mirror circuit 40 for connecting the cathode of the laser diode to a constant extinction ratio regardless of temperature change Modulation current control circuit of diode driving circuit.
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KR100763896B1 (en) * 2002-01-09 2007-10-05 삼성전자주식회사 Method and apparatus for driving laser diode for optical communications
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KR100763896B1 (en) * 2002-01-09 2007-10-05 삼성전자주식회사 Method and apparatus for driving laser diode for optical communications
KR100765361B1 (en) * 2004-09-14 2007-10-09 한국정보통신대학교 산학협력단 A laser diode driver integrated circuit with automatic temperature compensation, and a method thereof
KR100621216B1 (en) * 2004-12-10 2006-09-13 한국전자통신연구원 Temperature compensated optical transmitter of analog/digital mixed mode
US7869478B2 (en) 2005-12-12 2011-01-11 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Apparatus and method for maintaining constant extinction ratio of laser diode

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