KR20000036920A - Development of Precipitating Agent Capturing Heavy Metal Contained Fly Ash of A Incinerator - Google Patents
Development of Precipitating Agent Capturing Heavy Metal Contained Fly Ash of A Incinerator Download PDFInfo
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- KR20000036920A KR20000036920A KR1020000017089A KR20000017089A KR20000036920A KR 20000036920 A KR20000036920 A KR 20000036920A KR 1020000017089 A KR1020000017089 A KR 1020000017089A KR 20000017089 A KR20000017089 A KR 20000017089A KR 20000036920 A KR20000036920 A KR 20000036920A
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- South Korea
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- fly ash
- heavy metal
- added
- metal stabilizer
- heavy metals
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- MZGNSEAPZQGJRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldithiocarbamic acid Chemical compound CN(C)C(S)=S MZGNSEAPZQGJRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004941 influx Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Arsenic acid Chemical compound O[As](O)(O)=O DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 2
- 229940000488 arsenic acid Drugs 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007922 dissolution test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010169 landfilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B1/00—Dumping solid waste
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
- A62D3/33—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by chemical fixing the harmful substance, e.g. by chelation or complexation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
사업장 일반폐기물의 발생량은 경제발전과 더불어 계속 증가되는 추세에 있는데 민선자치단체 출범이후 지역 집단이기주의가 심화되면서 지역주민들의 거센 반발로 매립지를 확보하지 못해 산업 폐기물의 대란을 겪고 있는 자치단체가 속출하고 있는 실정이다. 과거에 폐기물의 최종처리는 주로 매립에 의해 이루어지고 있었으나 국토가 좁아 매립지 부지 확보가 어렵기 때문에 폐기물 처리를 위한 새로운 대안이 필요하게 되었다. 이에 따라 환경부는 폐기물 관리를 매립에서 소각 또는 재활용으로 전환하는 내용을 골자로 한 '국가폐기물관리 종합계획안' 을 확정하였다. 이 계획안은 쓰레기 재활용율과 소각율을 2001년까지 각각 35%, 20%로 높이고 매립율은 45%로 낮추는 것으로 보고하고 있다.The amount of general wastes generated at workplaces continues to increase with economic development, and local governments, which are suffering from industrial wastes due to the strong repulsion of local residents, have not been able to secure landfills after the local group's self-righteousness has been intensified since the establishment of the local government. There is a situation. In the past, the final disposal of waste was mainly done by landfill, but because of the narrow land, it was difficult to secure landfill sites, which required new alternatives for waste disposal. Accordingly, the Ministry of Environment has finalized the 'National Waste Management Comprehensive Plan', which aims to convert waste management from landfill to incineration or recycling. The plan reports increasing waste recycling and incineration to 35% and 20%, respectively, and landfilling to 45% by 2001.
그러나 폐기물을 소각 처리하는 경우에는 폐기물 무게의 약 15%가 소각재로 발생하며 폐기물 톤당 30kg 정도의 비산재가 발생하기 때문에 이러한 소각 잔재가 새로운 환경문제가 되고 있다. 특히 배기가스 처리 설비로 포착된 비산재 중에는 유해 중금속 성분이 포함되어 있기 때문에 비산재를 매립하기 전에 유해 중금속을 포집해야 한다.However, when incineration wastes, about 15% of the weight of wastes is generated by incineration, and 30 kg of fly ash per ton of waste is generated. Thus, such incineration remains are a new environmental problem. In particular, the fugitives captured by the exhaust gas treatment facilities contain harmful heavy metal components, so the hazardous heavy metals must be collected before the fly ash is buried.
소각 시설의 경우 배기가스로 배출되는 오염물질을 제거하기 위해 소석회를 과량 첨가하는데 이에 따라 비산재는 강알카리를 유지하게 된다. 그런데 일반적인 중금속 안정화제는 pH 영역에 민감하며 특히 강알카리에서는 중금속 침전물의 용해도가 높아지는 특성을 나타내기 때문에 비산재 중의 유해 중금속을 안전하게 포집하기 어렵다.Incineration plants add an excess of slaked lime to remove pollutants emitted by the exhaust gases, so that fly ash retains strong alkali. However, the general heavy metal stabilizer is sensitive to the pH range, especially in the strong alkali it is difficult to safely collect the harmful heavy metals in the fly ash because the solubility of the heavy metal precipitates.
폐기물 관리법에서 소각 후 잔재에 시멘트·물·용출방지제 등을 고르게 혼합한 후 그 혼합물을 양생하여 고형화 시키도록 정하고 있는데 상기와 같은 이유로 강알카리성 비산재 중에 함유된 유해 중금속을 일반매립지 법 규제치 이하로 제거하기가 어렵기 때문에 비산재를 지정폐기물 매립지에 매립하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 상기 문제는 비산재를 일반폐기물 매립지에 매립하고 소각시설에 의한 폐기물처리를 점차적으로 증가시키기 위해서 반드시 해결해야 할 과제인 것이다.The Waste Management Act stipulates that cement, water, and elution inhibitor should be mixed evenly after incineration, and then cured to solidify the mixture.For this reason, to remove harmful heavy metals contained in strong alkaline fly ash below the regulations of the Landfill Act. Because of this difficulty, fly ash is embedded in designated waste landfills. Therefore, the problem is a problem that must be solved in order to bury fly ash in general waste landfill and gradually increase waste treatment by incineration facilities.
본 발명이 이루고자하는 기술적 과제는 다음의 두가지이다.The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is the following two.
① 비산재 중에 함유된 각종 유해 중금속을 pH에 영향을 받지 않으며 포집하여 안정화시키는 기술.① A technology to capture and stabilize various harmful heavy metals contained in fly ash without being affected by pH.
비산재 중에 함유된 유해 중금속은 그 발생지역 및 계절에 따라 그 종류가 다양하고 농도 차이가 발생한다. 이들 유해 중금속은 pH에 따라 그 침전물의 용해도에 민감한 영향을 받는다. 각종 유해 중금속은 유해 중금속 제거에 가장 효율적인 각각의 pH 영역을 가지고 있기 때문에 특정한 pH에서 각종 유해 중금속을 모두 법규제치 이하로 낮추기는 어렵다. 따라서 여러 종류의 유해 중금속이 동시에 함유되어 있는 경우에는 이들을 동시에 제거하기 어렵기 때문에 pH에 영향을 받지 않으며 각종 유해 중금속을 동시에 제거할 수 있는 중금속 안정화제가 필요하다.Hazardous heavy metals in fly ash vary in their types and concentrations depending on their origin and season. These harmful heavy metals are sensitive to the solubility of the precipitate depending on the pH. Since various harmful heavy metals have respective pH ranges which are most effective for removing harmful heavy metals, it is difficult to lower all the harmful heavy metals below the legal limit at a specific pH. Therefore, when several kinds of harmful heavy metals are contained at the same time because it is difficult to remove them at the same time is not affected by pH and a heavy metal stabilizer capable of removing various harmful heavy metals at the same time is required.
② 강알카리 상태의 비산재 내에 함유된 각종 유해 중금속을 pH 조절없이 포집하여 안정화시키는 기술② Technology to capture and stabilize various harmful heavy metals contained in fly ash in strong alkaline state without adjusting pH
강알카리 상태에서 대부분의 유해 중금속 침전물은 용해도가 높기 때문에 강알카리성 비산재 중에 함유된 유해 중금속의 안정적인 포집을 어렵게 만든다. 만일 pH 조절을 위하여 산을 첨가하게 되면 투입량이 과다해지고 반응이 격렬하게 진행되며 일정 pH 범위로 조절하기도 어렵기 때문에 현장 적용이 곤란하다. 따라서 강알카리 상태에서 pH 조절없이 각종 유해 중금속을 포집할 수 있어야 한다.In the strong alkaline state, most of the harmful heavy metal precipitates have high solubility, making it difficult to stably capture the harmful heavy metals contained in the strong alkaline fly ash. If acid is added to adjust the pH, it is difficult to apply the field because the dosage is excessive, the reaction proceeds violently, and it is difficult to control the pH range. Therefore, it should be possible to capture various harmful heavy metals without pH adjustment in the strong alkali state.
..
본 발명은 pH에 민감하지 않는 특성을 지닌 Dimethyl-Carbamodithioic acid, sodium salt, 강한 양이온을 띄고 있는 고분자, Na2CO3등의 알카리 완충제 및 음이온 또는 비이온 계면활성제가 주성분으로 구성되어 있다.In the present invention, the main components include dimethyl-carbamodithioic acid, sodium salt, polymers with strong cations, alkali buffers such as Na 2 CO 3 , and anionic or nonionic surfactants having pH-insensitive properties.
본 중금속 안정화제를 某 소각로에서 발생한 강알카리성 Fly ash에 투입하여 유해 중금속을 포집한 실시 예를 설명하면 다음과 같다.The heavy metal stabilizer is added to the strong alkaline fly ash generated in the furnace to capture harmful heavy metals.
[실시예]EXAMPLE
某 소각로에서 발생한 비산재 중에 함유된 유해 중금속을 폐기물 공정시험법의 용출 테스트에 의해 분석한 결과는 다음 표와 같다.유해 The results of analysis of hazardous heavy metals contained in fly ash from incinerators by the dissolution test of the waste process test method are shown in the following table.
도 1은 본 중금속안정화제와 다유화소다를 비산재 무게 기준으로 각각 3% w/w를 투입한 후 공정시험법의 용출테스트를 실시한 결과이다. 약품투입 후에 최종 pH의 변화에 따라 납의 제거 효율을 확인하였다. 최종 pH는 황산으로 pH를 조절하고 6시간 교반 후 측정한 pH 값이며 pH 조절을 하지 않은 비산재 자체의 pH는 12.5로 강알카리를 나타내었다. 실험결과 납을 제외한 다른 유해 중금속은 불검출되었다. 도 1에서 보듯이 본 중금속 안정화제를 투입한 비산재에서 용출된 납의 농도는 다유화소다를 투입한 경우와는 달리 pH 영역에 무관하게 1ppm 미만이었다. 또한 물에 적당하게 희석한 중금속안정화제를 비산재 무게기준으로 3% w/w를 비산재와 시멘트에 혼합하여 적절하게 교반한 후 고형화시켰을 때도 같은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.Figure 1 shows the results of the dissolution test of the process test method after the addition of 3% w / w of each heavy metal stabilizer and poly-sulfate based on the weight of fly ash. After chemical injection, the lead removal efficiency was confirmed according to the change of final pH. The final pH is pH value measured after 6 hours of stirring with sulfuric acid, and the pH of fly ash itself without pH adjustment is 12.5, indicating strong alkali. As a result, other harmful heavy metals except lead were not detected. As shown in FIG. 1, the concentration of lead eluted from fly ash to which the heavy metal stabilizer was added was less than 1 ppm regardless of the pH range, unlike the case of adding polysulfate. In addition, the same result was obtained when the heavy metal stabilizer diluted in water was properly mixed with 3% w / w based on the weight of fly ash and mixed with fly ash and cement.
본 발명의 효과로는In the effect of the present invention
- 비산재에 함유된 각종 유해 중금속을 pH에 영향을 받지 않으면서 안전하게 포집할 수 있다.-Various harmful heavy metals in fly ash can be safely collected without being affected by pH.
- 강알카리 상태의 비산재에 함유된 각종 유해 중금속을 pH 조절없이 안전하게 포집할 수 있다.-It can safely collect various harmful heavy metals contained in strong alkali fly ash without adjusting pH.
- 본 중금속 안정화제는 폭넓은 pH 영역에서 유해 중금속의 포집 효율이 우수하기 때문에 안정화 및 고형화된 비산재를 일반 폐기물 매립지에 매립했을 때 매립지 내에 pH 변화가 진행되어도 침출수 중에 유해 중금속의 재용출을 억제할 수 있다.-Since this heavy metal stabilizer has an excellent collection efficiency of harmful heavy metals in a wide pH range, when the stabilized and solidified fly ash is buried in a general waste landfill, even if the pH changes in the landfill, re-elution of harmful heavy metals in the leachate can be prevented. Can be.
- 매립지 부지 면적이 부족한 국내 현실에서 소각로에서 발생하는 비산재를 안전하게 처리함으로서 소각 시설을 적극 장려할 수 있으며 이로 인해 매립지 부지면적을 줄일 수 있다.-In Korea, where the land area of landfill is scarce, the incineration facilities can be actively promoted by safely treating the fly ash generated from incinerators, thereby reducing landfill area.
Claims (5)
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| KR1020000017089A KR20000036920A (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2000-03-31 | Development of Precipitating Agent Capturing Heavy Metal Contained Fly Ash of A Incinerator |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100694189B1 (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2007-03-14 | 주식회사 우진페인트 | Disposal composite of heavy metal using a caution resin |
| CN114130785A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-04 | 深圳市能源环保有限公司 | Fly ash treatment method of garbage incinerator |
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- 2000-03-31 KR KR1020000017089A patent/KR20000036920A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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| JPH10109081A (en) * | 1996-10-03 | 1998-04-28 | Nippon Soda Co Ltd | Method for stabilizing dithiocarbamic acid based chelating agent |
| JPH10140132A (en) * | 1996-11-05 | 1998-05-26 | Nippon Soda Co Ltd | Heavy metal fixing agent |
| WO2000014061A1 (en) * | 1998-09-08 | 2000-03-16 | Uniroyal Chemical Company, Inc. | Dithiocarbamyl derivatives useful as lubricant additives |
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| KR100694189B1 (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2007-03-14 | 주식회사 우진페인트 | Disposal composite of heavy metal using a caution resin |
| CN114130785A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-04 | 深圳市能源环保有限公司 | Fly ash treatment method of garbage incinerator |
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